GB2230544A - Wall tie - Google Patents
Wall tie Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2230544A GB2230544A GB8908687A GB8908687A GB2230544A GB 2230544 A GB2230544 A GB 2230544A GB 8908687 A GB8908687 A GB 8908687A GB 8908687 A GB8908687 A GB 8908687A GB 2230544 A GB2230544 A GB 2230544A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- tie
- tie according
- wall
- connecting member
- walls
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005246 galvanizing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001335 Galvanized steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 for example Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008397 galvanized steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000002105 tongue Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000003313 weakening effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/38—Connections for building structures in general
- E04B1/41—Connecting devices specially adapted for embedding in concrete or masonry
- E04B1/4178—Masonry wall ties
- E04B1/4185—Masonry wall ties for cavity walls with both wall leaves made of masonry
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Retaining Walls (AREA)
Abstract
A wall tie has opposite ends for engaging in the skins of a cavity wall with the tie portion 11 or 23 being inclined downwardly towards the outer skin to drain any penetrating water. The tie can be of strip metal with the tie portion 11 twisted to minimize adhesion of dropped mortar, or can be of bent metal. The ends have holes 8 and flanges 9 or are bent 21, 22 to promote adhesion. <IMAGE>
Description
WALLING TIE
This invention relates to an improved tie for use by builders in the construction of walls made of brick, stone or other forms of masonry.
One especially important form of wall construction which is employed in the building of domestic houses and public buildings entails a cavity wall construction. Walls made in this way comprise an outer and an inner wall separated by a small gap of, for example, about 7 cms. The outer wall is exposed to the weather and is made generally from high resistant materials for example bricks or stone. The inner wall which faces towards the interior of the building is not exposed to the same rigorous conditions.
Consequently whilst either brick or stone can be employed for making the inner wall in general blocks of lighter and less durable building materials, for example breeze blocks or blocks of thermalite are employed more frequently.
In order to ensure that a cavity wall has sufficient strength the two walls are secured together by metal ties which extend horizontally between the walls and the ends of the ties are anchored in the layer of cement binding the bricks or blocks of building material used in the construction of the walls.
Builders ties exist in different forms. However one that is used most frequently is a so called butterfly tie. This device is made by twisting a length of heavy gauge galvanized steel wire so as to form two loops horizontally disposed with respect to each other and having the shape resembling the wings of a butterfly. The two ends of the length of wire are twisted together and form what is in effect the body of the butterfly between the two wings. In use an operative builds one wall of a cavity wall and as he progresses he inserts a loop of a tie between two courses of bricks as he applies the cement. The remainder of the tie protrudes horizontally from the wall in the direction of where the second wall is to be built.When the first wall has reached a desired number of courses the operative then commences to build the second wall spaced sufficiently from the first so that as the second wall rises the exposed loops of the ties can be incorporated with the layers of cement used to bond courses of bricks or other building material forming the second wall.
Butterfly ties have a number of disadvantages which to some extent or other are shared by other known forms of ties. Thus butterfly ties in use extend horizontally between the two walls. Consequently when rain is driven against the outer wall water tends to penetrate the layers of cement between the bricks and to run along the horizontal tie to the inner wall where it tends to form a damp patch on the surface of the wall which faces the interior of the building. The tie has in effect bypassed the damp-proof course which normally forms part of a cavity wall.
A second disadvantage of a butterfly tie resides in the fact that during construction of the walls wet cement tends to fall between the walls and some of it adheres to the body of the tie. The readiness for this to happen stems in large measure on the fact that the body is fairly thick i.e. depending upon the design of the tie. The adhering cement forms an encrustation on the body which facilitates still further the transfer of water from the outer wall to the inner wall.
A further disadvantage of a butterfly tie stems from the fact that when one loop of the tie has been bonded into one wall the remaining exposed part of the tie protrudes horizontally from the wall and obstructs the building of the second wall. In order to overcome the difficulty the operative bends the free loop away from his working area and when he has built the second wall to the desired height he then bends the free loop back towards the new wall prior to embedding it in the layer of cement. This bending operation carried out twice results in cracking of the protective galvanizing coating and as a result, in the course of time, the tie corrodes. Eventually it can break in two with consequent weakening of the wall. The present invention is directed to overcome the disadvantages of existing ties.
Accordingly this invention provides a tie for strengthening two closely spaced walls comprising two wall engaging members each of which is connected to opposed ends of a connecting member the wall engaging members being in stepped relationship with respect to each other, the connecting member when the tie is in use being inclined edgewise upwards between the walls.
This invention is illustrated but not restricted by the following drawings:
Figure 1 is an isometrical view of one preferred form of tie made according to the invention.
Figure 2 is a view taken in plan of an alternative form of tie
Figure 3 is a side view of the tie shown in figure 2
The tie illustrated in figure 1 can be made conveniently by cutting a flat piece of metal, for example, steel strip having a thickness of from 1 - 3mm and then shaping it so as to form an integral structure described below. The tie when formed can then be galvanized. Other materials can be used for example aluminium. However they are usually more expensive and not necessarily more effective.
In this figure the two wall spacing members (1 and 2) which abut the interior face of inner wall (3) and outer wall (4) are separated by a cavity (5) having a width of about 6 cms. The two wall spacing members (1 and 2) are each connected to a wall engaging member (6 and 7) comprising a generally flat strip which is modified to enable it to become more securely keyed into a layer of cement between two courses of bricks forming a wall. In this figure the keying means comprises holes (8) and the formation of a flange (9). However other means can be employed such as corrugations or tongues. The two wall spacing members (1 and 2) are secured together in stepped relationship by a connecting member (10) which is inclined edgewise upwards between the two walls (3 and 4).
In order to use the tie the inner wall (3) is built up for a few courses after which ties are placed at intervals on a layer of wet cement on the last course and pressed down slightly so as to ensure that cement enters keying hole (8). Each tie is positioned so that the connecting member inclines downwards towards where second wall is to be located. When the inner wall has been constructed to the desired height the outer wall is then built also in such a way that the layer of cement separating each course of bricks has been embedded into the free wall engaging members (6). During the construction wet cement is liable to fall down between the walls. However there is little tendency for any to adhere to the sharp edge (11) of the connecting member (10).Furthermore if rain drives against the outer face of wall (4) and penetrates the cement it is prevented from reaching the inner wall (3) because of the upwards inclination of the connecting member (11 )
Figures 2 and 3 illustrate an alternative form of tie which is made preferably from either stainless steel or ordinary steel wire having a diameter conveniently of about 3mm.
When ordinary steel is employed it is preferably shaped before being subjected to a galvanizing treatment. The tie comprises two loops (21 and 22) joined by connecting member (23) which in effect is part of a length of wire from which the tie has been made. The loops are disposed in stepwise relationship and assist the tie to become more firmly anchored in the cement used to bond courses of bricks together. The tie is dimensioned preferably so that when in use the loops do not extend from the wall and the distance AB which is formed by dropping a perpendicular to an extension of loop (22) corresponds to the width of the space between the wall (not shown). Whilst the wire connector does not possess an edge in the manner indicated when a metal strip is employed as a tie it nevertheless behaves in a similar way from the point of view of being resistant to retaining loose cement when used in its inclined position.
In a normal vertical cavity wall construction the wall engaging members are generally disposed parallel to one another. However in other circumstances they can be angled with respect to one another.
Claims (11)
1. A tie for strengthening two closely spaced walls comprising two wall engag-ing members each of which is connected to opposed ends of a connecting member the wall engaging members being in stepped relationship with respect to each other the connecting member when the tie is in use being inclined edgewise upwards between the walls.
2. A tie according to Claim 1 comprising a shaped strip of metal.
3. A tie according to either of Claims 1 and 2 wherein each wall engaging member is connected to the connecting member through a wall spacing member.
4. A tie according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the wall engaging members incorporate means to enable them to become anchored more firmly within a layer of cement.
5. A tie according to Claim 4 wherein the means comprises a hole.
6. A tie according to Claim 4 wherein the means comprises a flange.
7. A tie according to Claim 1 comprising wire which has been shaped.
8. A tie according to Claim 7 wherein the wire is made of stainless steel.
9. A tie according to Claim 7 made of steel which has been galvanized after having been shaped.
10. A tie according to any one of Claims 7 to 9 comprising two loops connected together in stepped relationship.
11. Ties as hereinberore described with particular reference to the drawings.
11. Ties as hereinbefore described with particular reference to the drawings.
Amendments to the claims have been filed as follows 1. A tie for strengthening two closely spaced walls comprising two wall engaging members each of which is connected te opposed ends cf a connecting member the wall engaging members being in stepped relationship with respect to each other the connecting member when the tie is in use being inclined upwards between the walls.
2. A tie according to Claim 1 comprising a shaped strip of metal wherein the wall engaging members and the connecting member are of integral ccnstruction and when the tie is in use the connecting member is inclined edgewise upwards between the walls.
3. A tie according to either of Claims 1 and 2 wherein each wall engaging member adjoins a wall spacing member.
. A tie according to any one of the preceding claims wherein each wall engaging member incorporates means to facilitate anchorage of the member in one of the walls.
5. A tie according to Claim 4 wherein the means comprises a hole.
6. A tie accordIng to Claim d wherein the means comprises a flange.
7. A tie according to CI. Claim 1 comprising wire which has been shared.
L. A tie according to Cfflair , wherein the wire re is made fn & Ce of stainle0o- steel.
9. A tie according to Claim i made of steel which has been galvanized after having been shaped.
10. A tie according to any one of Claims , to 9 wherein each end of the wire connecting member terminates in a loop the two loops being disposed in stepped relationship.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB8908687A GB2230544A (en) | 1989-04-18 | 1989-04-18 | Wall tie |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB8908687A GB2230544A (en) | 1989-04-18 | 1989-04-18 | Wall tie |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
GB8908687D0 GB8908687D0 (en) | 1989-06-07 |
GB2230544A true GB2230544A (en) | 1990-10-24 |
Family
ID=10655190
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
GB8908687A Withdrawn GB2230544A (en) | 1989-04-18 | 1989-04-18 | Wall tie |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
GB (1) | GB2230544A (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2289074A (en) * | 1995-03-22 | 1995-11-08 | Wimpey Construction | Wall tie |
GB2359832A (en) * | 2000-02-21 | 2001-09-05 | Ancon Ccl Ltd | Insulation tie |
GB2554149A (en) * | 2016-07-09 | 2018-03-28 | John Stroud Kevin | Wall tie and method of installing the same |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB239566A (en) * | 1924-05-03 | 1925-09-03 | John Faulder Burn | Improvements relating to slab building construction |
GB388143A (en) * | 1931-11-27 | 1933-02-23 | Leabank Mfg Company Ltd | Improvements relating to the construction of cavity walls and ties for use therein |
GB2096664A (en) * | 1981-04-09 | 1982-10-20 | Durrant Clive Guy | Wall tie |
GB2131848A (en) * | 1982-12-13 | 1984-06-27 | Catnic Components Ltd | Wall-ties |
GB2169939A (en) * | 1985-01-22 | 1986-07-23 | Robert Taylor | Wall tie |
-
1989
- 1989-04-18 GB GB8908687A patent/GB2230544A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB239566A (en) * | 1924-05-03 | 1925-09-03 | John Faulder Burn | Improvements relating to slab building construction |
GB388143A (en) * | 1931-11-27 | 1933-02-23 | Leabank Mfg Company Ltd | Improvements relating to the construction of cavity walls and ties for use therein |
GB2096664A (en) * | 1981-04-09 | 1982-10-20 | Durrant Clive Guy | Wall tie |
GB2131848A (en) * | 1982-12-13 | 1984-06-27 | Catnic Components Ltd | Wall-ties |
GB2169939A (en) * | 1985-01-22 | 1986-07-23 | Robert Taylor | Wall tie |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2289074A (en) * | 1995-03-22 | 1995-11-08 | Wimpey Construction | Wall tie |
GB2289074B (en) * | 1995-03-22 | 1996-07-03 | Wimpey Construction | Masonry cavity wall tie |
GB2359832A (en) * | 2000-02-21 | 2001-09-05 | Ancon Ccl Ltd | Insulation tie |
GB2554149A (en) * | 2016-07-09 | 2018-03-28 | John Stroud Kevin | Wall tie and method of installing the same |
GB2554149B (en) * | 2016-07-09 | 2021-10-06 | John Stroud Kevin | Wall tie and method of installing the same |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB8908687D0 (en) | 1989-06-07 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
WAP | Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1) |