GB2225585A - Polymeric blends - Google Patents
Polymeric blends Download PDFInfo
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- GB2225585A GB2225585A GB8903651A GB8903651A GB2225585A GB 2225585 A GB2225585 A GB 2225585A GB 8903651 A GB8903651 A GB 8903651A GB 8903651 A GB8903651 A GB 8903651A GB 2225585 A GB2225585 A GB 2225585A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K7/00—Use of ingredients characterised by shape
- C08K7/02—Fibres or whiskers
- C08K7/04—Fibres or whiskers inorganic
- C08K7/14—Glass
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F255/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of hydrocarbons as defined in group C08F10/00
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F255/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of hydrocarbons as defined in group C08F10/00
- C08F255/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of hydrocarbons as defined in group C08F10/00 on to polymers of olefins having two or three carbon atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F287/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to block polymers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L23/10—Homopolymers or copolymers of propene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L23/10—Homopolymers or copolymers of propene
- C08L23/12—Polypropene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L23/16—Elastomeric ethene-propene or ethene-propene-diene copolymers, e.g. EPR and EPDM rubbers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L51/00—Compositions of graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L51/06—Compositions of graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers grafted on to homopolymers or copolymers of aliphatic hydrocarbons containing only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L53/00—Compositions of block copolymers containing at least one sequence of a polymer obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L77/00—Compositions of polyamides obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L21/00—Compositions of unspecified rubbers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/02—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/03—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/03—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend
- C08L2205/035—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend containing four or more polymers in a blend
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
Blends of polyamides such as nylons, especially nylon 6:6, and crystalline polyolefins, particularly polypropylene comprise 50 to 90% by weight polymer and 5 to 50% glass fibre, in which the polymeric component comprises at least 25% by weight of at least one polyamide such as nylon, particularly nylon 6,6, at least 16% by weight of crystalline polyolefin such as polypropylene, and at least 3% by weight of polyolefin rubber and preferably also up to 10% by weight of a graft copolymer derived from a crystalline polyolefin; the graft copolymer being obtained by grafting functional groups, especially maleic anhydride residues, onto the crystalline polyolefin polymer and acting to compatibilise the blend, have improved heat distortion temperatures.
Description
Polymeric Blends
This invention relates to polymeric blends and, in particular, to polyamide/polyolefin blends.
Reinforced polyamide/polyolefin blends are known valuable raw materials (both without and with additives such as stabilisers, lubricants or mineral or other fillers) which have many applications.
One of the important physical properties of reinforced polymeric blends, which often determines the suitability of the blend for use in a given application, is its heat distortion temperature (hereinafter
HDT). Surprisingly, the Applicants have found that selected reinforced polyamide/polyolefin blends have HDT'sSwhich are significantly higher than the HDT's which might have been expected from a comparison of the HDT's of reinforced polyamides and reinforced polyolefins.
It is an object of the present invention to provide the aforementioned selected polyamide/polyolefin blends.
According to the present invention, a polymeric blend comprises 50% to 95% by weight of a polymeric component and 5% to 50% by weight of glass fibres, the polymeric component comprising at least 25% by weight of at least one polyamide, at least 16% by weight of at least one crystalline polyolefin and at least 3% by weight of at least one polyolefin rubber.
Preferably, the polymeric blend comprises 20% to 45% by weight of glass fibres. Alternatively, the polymeric blend comprises 8% to 30%, preferably 12% to 18%, by weight of glass fibres and mineral filler, the total amount of glass fibres and filler being in the range 25% to 45% by weight.
Preferably, the polymeric component comprises 25% to 80%, preferably 30% to 70%, more particularly 50% to 70%, by weight of the polyamide, 20% to 65% by weight of the crystalline polyolefin and at least 4%, more particularly 5% to 25% by weight of the polyolefin rubber.
Preferably, the polymeric component comprises up to 10%, preferably between 1% to 5%, by weight of a graft copolymer derived from a crystalline polyolefin, the graft copolymer being obtained by grafting functional groups on the polyolefin whereby the graft copolymer, by interaction of the functional groups with the polyamide, compatibilises the blend.
By "crystalline polyolefin" we mean polyolefins in which at least some of the polymer chains are assembled into crystallites. Such polyolefins give characteristic x-ray diffraction patterns and exhibit significant melting peaks in equipnent such as differential scanning calorimeters.
By "polyolefin rubber" we mean polyolefins which are substantially amorphous but which may contain small amounts of a crystalline phase.
The polyamides used in the polymeric component of blends of the invention are thermoplastic polymers obtained by polycondensation of diamines with dicarboxylic acids or by self-condensation of amino acids or lactams. Dtre particularly, the polyamides are linear polyamides which have fibreforming characteristics and are usually referred to as "nylon" and includes the following polymers:polyhexamethylene adipamide (nylon 6:6) polycaprolactam (nylon 6 polydodecanlactam (nylon 12 polyhexamethylene sebacamide (nylon 6:10) polyhexamethylene isophthalamide (nylon 6:iP) polyhexamethylene terephthalamide (nylon 6:T) polymetaxylylene adipamide (nylon MXD:6) polyundecanomide (nylon 11) and copolymers therefrom. Preferred polymers are polyhexamethylene adipamide and polycaprolactam and copolymers or mixtures thereof.
The crystalline polyolefin used in the polymeric component of blends of the invention includes one or more polymerised olefin monomers, for example polymers of ethylene or propylene and copolymers and block copolymers of those monomers with each other or with olefin monomers. Preferred polymers are polypropylene and block copolymers of propylene and up to 25%, preferably up to 10%, by weight of ethylene.
The polyolefin rubber used in polymeric component of blends of the invention includes one or more polymerised olefin monomers, for example polymers of ethylene and propylene and copolymers of those monomers with each other or with other olefin monomers or other polymerisable monomers, particularly monomers having diene configurations. Preferred polymers are ethylene/propylene copolymers having an ethylene content of at least 30% by weight, preferably between 45% to 80%.
The graft copolymers used in the polymeric component of blends of the invention are preferably obtained by grafting an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or the anhydride thereof onto the polyolefin.
The unsaturated acid or anhydride may be any acid or anhydride which reacts with the polyolefin to form the graft copolymer having the required compatibilising properties. Preferred compounds are maleic acid, itaconic acid or, particularly, maleic anhydride.
Preferred graft copolymers used in the polymeric component of blends of the invention are grafted using maleic anhydride. The graft copolymer preferably has both a grafted anhydride content and a residual free anhydride content of between 0.5% to 5%, more particularly 1% to 2%, preferably 1.4% to 1.6%, by weight.
Preferably, the graft copolymers are obtained by grafting the functional groups onto polyolefins of the same olefines as the crystalline polyolefin. Although the polymers used in the grafting process need not be identical to the other polyolefins, they are preferably of the same general type. Preferably, the graft copolymer is derived from polypropylene or block copolymers of propylene and up to 25%, preferably up to 10%, by weight of ethylene.
Preferably, the glass fibres are E glass filaments suitably coated with a size compatible with polyamides or Folyolefins, particularly polyamides, and chopped as bundles of many filaments into lengths typically in the range 1.5 mm to 100 mm, preferably 2.5 mm to 25 mm and more particularly 2.5 mm to 7 mm. Alternatively, continuous glass rovings can be fed into the compounding extruder with the polymer or into the melt, the rovings being broken into short lengths during compounding.
The mineral filler can be any suitable filler and typically is powdered calcium carbonate, talc, mica or a clay mineral.
The invention is illustrated by reference to the following
Examples and to Tables 1 to 4, which tables being described in more detail below.
Example 1
Comparative blends 1 and 2 were selected fromm commerciallyavailable reinforced polymeric blends.
Drying the pellets of these compounds was carried out ir.
accordance with the supplier's instructions. The pellets were then moulded into the required test pieces using conventional screw pre-plasticising injection moulding machines in accordance with the supplier's recommendations as to moulding conditions.
Blend 1 was MARANYL A175 BLACK (trade name of Imperial Chemical
Industries plc, "ICI") which is a pigmented nylon 6:6 compound nominally containing 30% by weight of glass fibres and blend 2 was
PROCOM GC 30S 401 (trade name of ICI) which is an elastomer modified polypropylene nominally containing 30% by weight of glass fibres.
The test pieces of blends 1 and 2 were then tested in accordance with the test procedures outlined below.
Example 2
For each of the blends 3 (also comparative), 6 to 10, 12 and 15 to 18 (blends 6 to 10, 12 and 15 to 18 being in accordance with the invention), the constituents of the polymeric component were tumblemixed together with the chopped glass fibres and, when present, the mineral filler to form a substantially homogenous dry blend. The dry blend was then metered into the feed pocket of a single screw compounding extruder (Plaston) which had a vented barrel of 38 mm (1.5 inch) internal diameter and terminated in a lace extrusion die.The extruder screw had a length to diameter ratio of 30 and had a straight-through configuration which included two compression zones (of the parallel-stepped compression type completed in half a turn compression ratio approximately 3.6:1) separated by a vented decompression zone (vacuum being applied to the vent port during compounding).
Ihe dry blends were fed to the extruder at a rate sufficient to keep the exposed part of the screw at the base of the feed pocket just covered with the respective dry blend at the screw rotational speed used in each case. Typically, the speed was about 120 rpn giving a blend feed rate of about 12 kg/hr. Typically, the set barrel temperatures ranged from 2400C to 2500C at the hopper end to 2750C to 2850C at the die end. The reduced pressure applied to the vent port was less than ambient atmospheric pressure by at least 635 mm (25 inches) of mercury.
The extruded laces were water-bath quenched, superficially dried and cut into pellets. The pellets were vacuum oven dried under reduce pressure at about 900C for 18 hours. The pellets were then moulded into the required test pieces using conventional screw preplasticising injection moulding machines. Typically, the set barrel temperatures ranged from about 2600C to 2750C at the hopper end to about 2750C to 2900C at the nozzle end. The moulds were water or oil heated to about 80 CC. Other moulding machine settings were chosen to give good quality test pieces.
The test pieces of blends 3, 6 to 10, 12 and 15 to 18 were then tested in accordance with the test procedures outlined below.
Example 3
For each of the blends 4, 5, 11, 13 and 14 (all in accordance with the invention), the appropriate granular or powdered components, excluding the glass fibres, were mixed together to form a substantially homogenous dry blend. The dry blend was then metered into the primary feed pocket of a crotating twin-screw compounding extruder (Werner and Pfleider ZSK-30). The extruder had an approximate length to diameter ratio for each screw of 32.5:1, with a barrel length of 10 sections. The primary feed pocket was situated in barrel section 1 and the extrusion die was attached to barrel section 10. Vent ports were situated at barrel sections 4 and 9, vacuum being applied to the latter vent port.The vent port at section 4 was open to atmosphere and served as a feed port for the chopped glass fibres which were metered in steadily at the required ratio.
The co-rotating, intermeshing screws of the extruder each consisted of a similar series of Werner & Pfleider conveying or kneading components (of two start or twin lobe type) arranged to provide a conveying, melting and intimate mixing action on the blend components, decompression zones at barrel sections 4 and 9 and extrusion pressure at the extrusion die.
The materials were supplied to the respective feed pockets such that the total output rate was about 20kg/hr. Typically, the set barrel temperatures ranged from 2750C at section 1 to 2850C at section 10, actual melt temperatures being about 3000C to 3050C. The reduced pressure applied to the vent port at Section 9 was less than ambient atmospheric pressure by about 710 mm (27 inches) of mercury.
The extruded laces were water-bath quenched, superficially dried and cut into pellets. The pellets were dried and moulded into the test pieces in accordance with the procedure described in Example 2.
The test pieces of blends 4, 5, 11, 13 and 14 were then tested in accordance with the test procedures outlined below.
Preference is now made to the tables in which:
Table 1 shows the relative proportions of polymeric component and
filler;
Table 2 shows the relative proportions of the constituents of the
polymeric component;
Table 3 identifies the specific components A and B used in the
blends; and
Table 4 summaries the results of the test procedures (outlined
below).
In Table 1, the glass fibres were chopped bundles of glass filaments approximately 4.5 mm long, individual filaments being about 10 m in diameter and coated with size designed to be compatible with linear polyamides, particularly nylon 6:6 or nylon 6. The mineral was powdered calcium carbonate with a particle size distribution in the ranges 99% less than 10 pm, 44% less than 3 )rum and 10% less than 3 pm and 10 96 less than 1jun.
In Table 2, the constituents are as follows:
A is the polyamide;
B is the crystalline polyolefin;
C is the polyolefin rubber; and
D is the graft copolymer and is a maleinised block copolymer of
propylene and up to 10% ethylene containing about 1.5% by weignt of
grafted maleic anhydride and about 1.5% by weight of free
anhydride. A typical preparation for such a polymer is described in
GB1403797. The same copolymer was used in all of the blends 4 to
8 in powdered form having been cryogenically ground.
In Table 4, the tests have been determined as follows:
HDT: was determined using the method of ISO 75-1987
(E) Methods A-and B (using a nominal surface
stress of 1.80 MPa and 0.45 MPa, respectively)
using test pieces of cross-section about 12.7
mm in height and 3.2 mm thick. Prior to
testing the samples were annealed at 100"C for
30 minutes by immersion in silicone oil,
following which they were allowed to cool in
air except as indicated in Table 4. me fi3T test was also conducted in silicone oil.
FLEXURAL MODULUS: was determined using the method ISO 178
1975. Test pieces were parallel-sided centre
portions of injection moulded tensile bars
(as for ISO 527 - 1966(E), type 1 test
specimen) about 10 mm wide x 3.2 mm thick. A
span of 50 mm was used and the test machine
crosshead speed was 10 mm/min.
NOTCHED IZOD: was determined using the method of ISO 180
1982(E), method designation ISO 180/4A. Test
pieces were 10 mm wide x 3.2 mm thick, with a
standard V-notch of tip radius about 0.25 mm.
The notches were moulded into the test
pieces for blends 3,6,7,12 and 15 to 18 and
were machined into test pieces for the other
blends.
Blends 1 to 3 are comparative blends, blends 4 to 18 being blends in accordance with the invention.
As can be seen (Table 4), blends 4 to 18 in accordance with the invention have surprisingly high HDT's, particularly when measured at 0.45MPa, when compared to the HDT's of the blends 1 to 3.
TABLE 1
I BLEND | POLYMERIC COMPONENT I GLASS/MINERAL COMPONENT I | NO NO | (% BY WEIGHT) I (% BY WEIGHT) GLASS MINERAL 3 70 30 - 4 70 30 - 5 70 30 - 6 70 30 - 7 70 30 - 8 8 1 70 1 10 1 20 9 9 | 60 1 15 1 25 I 10 1 60 1 15 | 25 11 75 25 - 12 70 30 - 13 70 30 - 14 65 35 - I 15 70 1 30 | -- | 16 70 30 - 17 70 30 - 18 70 30 -
TABLE 2
I BLEND I POLYMERIC COMPONENT CONSTITUENTS I NO I (% BY WEIGHT) I A | B C I D 3 3 I 40 1 56 | -- | 4 4 4 1 60** 1 34 1 4 1 2 5 5 1 60 1 32 1 4 1 4 6 1 | 70 1 20 1 6 1 4 7 7 1 60 1 28 1 8 1 4 8 8 1 60 1 28 1 8 1 4 9 9 | 60 1 28 1 8 1 4 10 | 60 1 28 1 8 | 4 | 11 | 60 | 28 | 8 | 4 12 1 50 1 36 1 10 1 4 13 1 50.6* 1 36.4 1 10 1 3 1 14 1 50 1 36 1 10 1 4 | 15 | 40 | 40 | 16 | 4 | 16 1 40 1 36 1 20 1 4 | 17 1 40 1 36 1 20 1 4 18 1 40 1 44 1 12 1 4 * includes a small quantity of polyamide stabiliser system
added at the time of compounding the blend.
** includes a small quantity of lubricant added at the time of
compounding the blend.
TABLE 3
1 BLEND NO | COMPONENT (TRADE NAME OR CODE) A* B* C** 3 3 |MARANYL A117 |PROPATHENE GWM 213 | -- I 1 4 1 IPROPATHENE GXM 43 | EXXELOR V808 5 5 |MARANYL A117 IPROPATHENE GWM 213 | EXXELOR V808 6 6 MARANYL A117 |PROPATHENE GWM 213 1 EXXELOR V808 7 7 MARANYL A117 |PROPATHENE GWM 213 1 EXXELOR V808 8 8 MARANYL A117 IPROPATHENE GW 522M 1 EXXELOR V808 9 |MARANYL A117 |PROPATHENE GW 522M |EXXELOR V808 | 10 |MARANYL A117 IPROPATHENE GX 543M | EXXELOR V808 I 1 11 IMARANYL A117 IPROPATHENE GWM 22 1 EXXELOR V808 1 12 |MARANYL A117 IPROPATHENE GWM 213 1 EXXELOR V808 I 1 13 |MARANYL A117 IPROPATHENE GWM 213 1 EXXELOR V808 I 1 14 |MARANYL A117 |PROPATHENE GWM 22 | EXXELOR V808 | 15 |MARANYL A117 IPROPATHENE GWM 213 1 EXXELOR V808 I 1 16 MARANYL A117 IPROPATHENE GWM 22 1 EXXELOR VM23 I 1 17 IMARANYL A117 IPROPATHENE GM 213 1 EXXELOR VM23 I 18 |MARANYL A117 IPROPATHENE GWM 213 | EXXELOR V808 I * Trade Names or Codes of ICI ** Trade Names or Codes of Exxon Corp.
NOTES: 1 MARANYL A117 is nylon 6:6 generally having a number average
molecular weight of 16500 to 18000.
2 PROPATHENE GWM 22, GWM 213, GXM 43, GW 522M and GX 543M are
polypropylenes.
3 EXXELOR V808 is an ethylene (approximately 75% by weight)/
propylene rubber and EXXELOR VM23 is an ethylene/propylene
rubber/polypropylene blend.
4 The polyamide component of blend 4 was a nylon 6:6/6 copolymer
containing 10% of nylon 6.
TABLE 4
| BLEND HDT | C) | FEXURAL | NOTCHED IZOD NO | AT 0.45MPa I AT 1.8MPa MODULUS (GPa)(kJ/m2) at 230C 1 1 1 261 1 248 1 7.2 1 10 2 1 | 154 1 135 1 4.0 1 18 3 3 | 171* | 158* I 5.9 1 12 1 4 1 236 1 210 1 7.2 1 8.2 5 5 | 257 1 235 1 6.0 1 10 6 6 | 261 1 245 1 7.2 1 11 7 7 | 258 1 238 1 6.9 1 12.5 1 8 1 250 1 189 1 3.9 | 5.3 9 9 | 251 1 208 1 5.1 1 7.7 | 10 1 251 1 208 | 5.2 1 6.8 11 | 257 | 230 | 5.5 | 8.9 | 12 1 251 1 208 1 6.6 1 14 I 13 1 -- I 217 1 6.2 1 11 | 14 | 256 1 227 1 7.3 1 9.1 | 15 1 240 1 161 1 5.8 1 17 | 16 1 229 1 158 1 6.3 1 12 | 17 1 237 1 157 | 6.0 1 17 | 18 | 238 1 163 1 6.0 1 14 When no result is quoted, the parameter was not determined.
* Bars not annealed before measuring HDT values.
Claims (19)
1. A polymeric blend comprising 50% to 90% by weight of a polymeric
component and 5% to 50% by weight of glass fibres, the polymeric
component comprising at least 25% by weight of at least one
polyamide, at least 16% by weight of at least one crystalline
polyolefin and at least 3% by weight of at least one polyolefin
rubber.
2. A blend according to claim 1, which comprises 20% to 45% by
weight of glass fibres.
3. A blend according to claim 1, which comprises 8% to 30% by weight
of glass fibres and mineral filler, the total amount of glass
fibres and mineral filler being in the range 25% to 45% by
weight.
4. A blend according to claim 3, which comprises 12% to 18% by
weight of glass fibres.
5. A blend according to any one of the preceding claims, in which
the polymeric component comprises 25% to 80%, preferably 30% to 70%, by weight of the polyamide.
6. A blend according to claim 5, in which the polymeric component
comprises 50% to 70% by weight of the polyamide.
7. A blend according to any one of the preceding claims, in which
the polymeric component comprises 20% to 65% of the crystalline
polyolefin.
8. A blend according to any one of the preceding claims, in which
the polymeric component comprises at least 4% by weight of the
polyolefin rubber.
9. A blend according to any one of the preceding claims, in which
the polymeric component comprises 5% to 25% by weight of the
polyolefin rubber.
10. A blend according to any one of the preceding claims, in which
the polymeric component comprises up to 10% by weight of a graft
copolymer derived from a crystalline polyolefin, the graft
copolymer being obtained by grafting functional groups on to the
polyolefin whereby the graft copolymer, by interaction of the
functional groups with the polyamide, compatibilises the blend.
11. A blend according to claim 10, in which the polymeric component
comprises 1% to 5% by weight of the graft copolymer.
12. A blend according to any one of the preceding claims, in which
the polyamide is polyhexamethylene adipamide, polycaprolactam,
polydodecamlactam, polyhexamethylene sebacamide,
polyhexamethylene isopthalamide, polyhexamethylene terephthal amide, polymetaxylylene adipamide or polyundecanomid e or copolymers therefrom or mixtures thereof.
13. A blend according to any one of the preceding claims, in which
said crystalline polyolefin is polypropylene or a block copolymer
of propylene with up to 25% by weight of ethylene.
14. A blend according to any one of the preceding claims, in which
said polyolefin rubber is an ethylene and propylene copolymer
having an ethylene content of at least 30%.
15. A blend according to claim 14, in which the ethylene content of
the copolymer is between 45% to 80%.
16. A blend according to claim 10 and to any one of the preceding
claims dependent on claim 10, in which said functional groups are
derived from maleic acid, itaconic acid or maleic anhydride.
17. A blend according to claim 16, in which said functional groups
are derived from maleic anhydride and in which the grafted
copolymer has both a grafted anhydride content and a residual
free anhydride content of between 0.5% and 5% by weight.
18. A blend according to claim 10 and to any one of the preceding
claims dependent on claim 10, in which the polymer form which the
graft copolymer is derived is polypropylene or a block copolymer
with up to 25% by weight of ethylene.
19. A blend according to claim 1, substantially as hereinbefore
described with reference to the Examples.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB8903651A GB2225585A (en) | 1989-02-17 | 1989-02-17 | Polymeric blends |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB8903651A GB2225585A (en) | 1989-02-17 | 1989-02-17 | Polymeric blends |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB8903651D0 GB8903651D0 (en) | 1989-04-05 |
| GB2225585A true GB2225585A (en) | 1990-06-06 |
Family
ID=10651877
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB8903651A Withdrawn GB2225585A (en) | 1989-02-17 | 1989-02-17 | Polymeric blends |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (1) | GB2225585A (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0502414A2 (en) * | 1991-03-05 | 1992-09-09 | Idemitsu N. S. G. Co., Ltd. | Flame-retardant resin composition |
| WO1993020149A1 (en) * | 1992-04-03 | 1993-10-14 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Low temperature toughened polyamide |
| EP1599544A1 (en) * | 2003-03-03 | 2005-11-30 | Ferro Corporation | Glass reinforced nylon blend with improved knitline strength |
| WO2018176067A3 (en) * | 2017-08-07 | 2018-11-08 | Zoltek Corporation | Polyvinyl alcohol-sized fillers for reinforcing plastics |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4081424A (en) * | 1976-06-07 | 1978-03-28 | Shell Oil Company | Multicomponent polyolefin - block copolymer - polymer blends |
| US4085163A (en) * | 1976-06-07 | 1978-04-18 | Shell Oil Company | Multicomponent polyamide-block copolymer-polymer blends |
| US4107130A (en) * | 1976-06-07 | 1978-08-15 | Shell Oil Company | Multicomponent polyolefin-block copolymer-polymer blends |
-
1989
- 1989-02-17 GB GB8903651A patent/GB2225585A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4081424A (en) * | 1976-06-07 | 1978-03-28 | Shell Oil Company | Multicomponent polyolefin - block copolymer - polymer blends |
| US4085163A (en) * | 1976-06-07 | 1978-04-18 | Shell Oil Company | Multicomponent polyamide-block copolymer-polymer blends |
| US4107130A (en) * | 1976-06-07 | 1978-08-15 | Shell Oil Company | Multicomponent polyolefin-block copolymer-polymer blends |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0502414A2 (en) * | 1991-03-05 | 1992-09-09 | Idemitsu N. S. G. Co., Ltd. | Flame-retardant resin composition |
| EP0502414A3 (en) * | 1991-03-05 | 1993-01-07 | Idemitsu N. S. G. Co., Ltd. | Flame-retardant resin composition |
| WO1993020149A1 (en) * | 1992-04-03 | 1993-10-14 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Low temperature toughened polyamide |
| EP1599544A1 (en) * | 2003-03-03 | 2005-11-30 | Ferro Corporation | Glass reinforced nylon blend with improved knitline strength |
| EP1599544A4 (en) * | 2003-03-03 | 2007-05-02 | Ferro Corp | Glass reinforced nylon blend with improved knitline strength |
| WO2018176067A3 (en) * | 2017-08-07 | 2018-11-08 | Zoltek Corporation | Polyvinyl alcohol-sized fillers for reinforcing plastics |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB8903651D0 (en) | 1989-04-05 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| WAP | Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1) |