GB2220421A - Sintered alloy material and process for the preparation of the same - Google Patents

Sintered alloy material and process for the preparation of the same Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2220421A
GB2220421A GB8909550A GB8909550A GB2220421A GB 2220421 A GB2220421 A GB 2220421A GB 8909550 A GB8909550 A GB 8909550A GB 8909550 A GB8909550 A GB 8909550A GB 2220421 A GB2220421 A GB 2220421A
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United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
weight
iron
copper
alloy material
sintered alloy
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GB8909550A
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GB8909550D0 (en
GB2220421B (en
Inventor
Isamu Kikuchi
Masanori Kikuchi
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Individual
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Publication of GB2220421A publication Critical patent/GB2220421A/en
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Publication of GB2220421B publication Critical patent/GB2220421B/en
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
    • C22C33/02—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
    • C22C33/0257—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy characterised by the range of the alloying elements
    • C22C33/0278—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy characterised by the range of the alloying elements with at least one alloying element having a minimum content above 5%
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/10—Sintering only
    • B22F3/11—Making porous workpieces or articles
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
    • C22C1/0425—Copper-based alloys
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
    • F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
    • F16C33/06—Sliding surface mainly made of metal
    • F16C33/12—Structural composition; Use of special materials or surface treatments, e.g. for rust-proofing
    • F16C33/121—Use of special materials

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention provides a sintered alloy material comprising 20 to 80% by weight of iron 16 to 76% by weight of copper, 1 to 12% by weight of tin and 0.02 to 1.2% by weight of phosphorus and having a porosity of 15 to 28% by volume. The sintered alloy material is excellent in strength, corrosion resistance and fitness with a mating member such as a shaft and exhibits a low coefficient of friction, so that it is useful particularly as a bearing material.

Description

SINTERED ALLOY MATERIAL AND PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF THE SAME Background of the Invention Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a sintered alloy material and a process for the preparation of the same. Particularly, it provides a sintered alloy material which is excellent in strength, corrosion resistance and fitness with a mating member such as a shaft and exhibits a low coefficient of friction, thus having performance suitable for use as a bearing material and a process for the preparation of the same.
As described above, the present invention is applicable to sintered alloy materials including oil-impregnated sintered bearings and the preparation thereof.
Description of te ?poor Art JIS B 1581-1976 prescribes for an oilimpregnated sintered bearing. Particularly, it prescribes in detail for various bearings including those of cylindrica', flanged cylindrical and spherical shapes Whi) are applicable to domestic electrical appliances, sound facilities, business machines, agricultural machines, automobiles and other cargo-transporting or handling machines.
Further, it also contains description on bearing materials and representative examples thereof include pure iron, iron-copper, iron-carbon, ironcopper-carbon, iron-copper-lead, bronze, copper and lead-bronze alloys.
Further, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 51554/ 1981 discloses a bearing material obtained by sintering a green compact comprising powdery iron and powdery brass. Furthermore, it has been proposed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 200927/ 1985 by the inventors of the present invention to sinter a green compact comprising powdery iron, powdery brass and powdery nickel silver in a reducing atmosphere.
The above oil-impregnated sintered bearings comprising iron as a major component are poor in the fitness with a mating meter and corrosion resistance, so that the application thereof is limited, though they are excellent in skeletal strength to be suitable for use under a high load.
On the contrary, the above oil-impregnated sintered bearings comprising copper or bronze as a major component are too poor in strength to be used under a high load, though they are excellent in the fitness and corrosion resistance.
Although the above oil-impregnated sintered bearings comprising iron and copper (including iron-copper-lead alloys and iron-copper-carbon alloys) exhibit characteristics which are intermediate between those of the above two kinds of bearings, they are yet insufficient in strength and corrosion resistance.
The bearing of the Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 51554/1981 prepared by using a green compact comprising iron and brass is poor in strength and fitness with a mating member, though it is excellent in corrosion resistance.
Further, the Japanese Patent Laid-Open No.
200927/1985 aims at attaining a sufficient improvement in the corrosion resistance and lowering in the coefficient of friction by the additional use of nickel silver, while securing the strength. However, the resulting bearing is not always satisfactory in these characteristics, particularly in the fitness with a mating member such as a shaft.
Sinrr,ar of the Invention The present invention relates to (1) a sintered alloy material comprising 20 to 80 % by weight of iron, 16 to 76 % by weight of copper, 1 to 12 % by weight of tin and 0.02 to 1.2 % by weight of phosphorus and having a porosity of 15 to 28 % by volume, (2) a sintered alloy material comprising 20 to 80 % by weight of iron, 12.5 to 75.5 % by weight of copper, 0.75 to 11.9 % by weight of tin, 0.015 to 1.19 % by weight of phosphorus and 0.5 to 5.0 % by weight of one or more solid lubricants sWzh as graphite, molybdenum disulfide or lead and having a porosity of 15 to 28 % by volume, (3) a process for the preparation of a sintered alloy material which comprises adding 25 to 400 parts by weight of powdery phosphor bronze comprising 5 to 15 % by weight of tin, 0.1 to 1.5 % by weight of phosphorus and the balance of copper and unavoidable Impurities to 100 parts by weight of powdery iron, compacting the obtained powder mixture, sintering the obtained green compact and sizing the sintered compact so as to give a prosity of 5 to 28 % by volume, and (4) a process for the preparation of a sintered alloy material which comprises adding 18 to 388 parts by weight of powdery phosphor bronze comprising 5 to 15 % by weight of tin, 0.1 to 1.5 % by weight of phosphorus and the balance of copper and unavoidable impurities and 0.5 to 5.3 parts by weight of one or more solid lubricants such as graphite, molybdenur.
disulfide or lead to 100 parts by weight of powdery iron, compacting the obtained powder mixture, sintering the obtained green compact and sizing the sintered compact so as to give a porosity of 15 to 28 % by volume.
Detailed Description of Preferred Embodiments The sintered alloy material according to the present invention comprises 20 to 80 % by weight of iron, 16 to 76 % by weight of copper, 1 to 12 % by weight of tin and 0.02 to 1.2 % by weight of phosphorus. Owing to this restriction on the composition, the material is sufficiently improved in bearing properties, while keeping the strength and corrosion resistance thereof on a high level.
Therefore, the bearing member made of the material according to the present invention has a suitably lowered coefficient of friction and exhibits a reduced temperature rise in the continuous operatln, thus being very excellent in bearing properties.
If the iron content of the material is less t 20 % by weight, the strength thereof will be poor and the use of a large amount of other components will be necessary to result in an enhanced cost. On the contrary, if the iron content exceeds 80 % by weight, the resulting material will exhibit an enhanced coefficient of friction, poor fitness with a mating member and remarkably lowered corrosion resistance.
The material of the present invention contains at least 16 % by weight of copper. The copper is sintered together with powdery iron to bring about an improvement in the fitness, corrosion resistance and thermal conductivity and serves together with tin and phosphorus to lower the coefficient of friction. Further, the copper content is also limited to 76 % or below to thereby attain an improvement in the strength and lowering in the cost.
The material of the present invention contains at least 1 % by weight of tin, which serves to improve the strength and fitness. The tin content is also limtied to 12 % by weight or below, thereby keeping the cost at a low level. Further, the material contains at least 0.02 % by weight of phosphorus, which serves to improve the wear resistance and the bearing properties. If the phosphorus content exceeds 1.2 % by weight, the effect will be saturated and the material will be too rigid and brittle.
According to the present invention, a mixture of powdery components as described above is compacted, sintered and sized. In this step, the sizing is carried out so as to give a porosity of 15 % by volume or higher, by which the impregnation of the sized compact with a proper amount of oil is permitted to improve the lubricating properties thereof. On the other hand, the porosity is limited to 28 % by volume or below, by which the strength of the material is improved, while the run-off and scattering of the impregnating oil are prevented.
The material of the present invention may contain at least 0.5 % by weight of one or more solid lubricants, such as graphite, molybdenum aisulfide or lead, for the purpose of enhancing the lubricating properties and reducing the coefficient of friction. The content thereof is also limited to 5.0 % by weight or below to thereby secure the strength.
According to the present invention, copper, tin and phosphorus are simultaneously added as a powdery phosphor bronze comprising 5 to 15 % by weight of tin, 0.1 to 1.5 % by weight of phosphorus and the balance of copper and unavoidable impurities.
Owing to this addition method, a trouble of separately preparing these components and successively adding them is overcome and the segregation of each component is adaquately prevented to permit homogeneous mixing of the components and the formation of a sinter having a uniform structure.
Particular embodiments according to the present invention will now be described in more detail. The present invention relates to a sintered alloy substantially comprising iron, copper, tin and phosphorus. Although these components may be separately prepared and mixed, as described above, they may be prepared as an alloy such as powdery bronze or powdery phosphor copper.
Particularly, the inventors of the present invention have now found that the use of powdery iron and phosphor bronze, particularly phosphor bronze alloy for casting is preferred and that a proper amount of zinc may be further contained wherein.
The iron content is generally 20 to 80 % by weight, preferably 30 to 70 % by weit, still preferably 40 to 60 % by weight. The copper content is generally 16 to 76 % by weight, preferably 25 to 60 % by weight, still preferably 30 to 55 % by weight. The tin content is generally 1 to 12 % by weight, preferably 3 to 12 % by weight, still preferably 4.5 to 10 % by weight. The phosphorus content is generally 0.02 to 1.2 % by weight, preferably 0.3 to 0.7 % by weight.
The compaction is generally carried out under a pressure of about 2 to 3 ton/cm2 and the porosity of the obtained green compact is 22 to 35 % by volume. If the porosity of the green compact is less than 22 % by volume, it will be difficult to size the green compact so as to give a product having a porosity suitable for oil impregnation.
On the contrary, a green compact having a porosity exceeding 35 % by volume tends to break or chip off during sintering. The sintering is carried out at 750 to 950 in a reducing atmosphere.
As described above, the use of powdery phosphor bronze is more effective in attaining the advantageous sintering. Preferred sintering temperature is 800 to 9000C. It is preferred te carry out the sintering in a heat-resistant container covered with gauzy material on its bottom.
The above compact undergoes distortion and deformation by the sintering, which are unavoidable in the sintering of metals and alloys. Therefore, the sinter must be sized to obtain an article having predetermined dimensions.
Preparative Examples according to the present invention will now be described.
Preparative Example 1 Iron powder having a particle size of 100 mesh or smaller was blended with phosphor bronze powder comprising 10 % by weight of tin, 0.35 % by weight of phosphorus and the balance of copper and unavoidable impurities and having a particle size of 100 mesh or smaller in a ratio given in Table 1.
Table 1 (parts by weight)
Iron powder Phosphor bronze powder 1 100 400 2 100 100 3 100 25 4 100 150 The powder mixtures to given in Table 1 were each compacted into a tube having an outer diameter of 10 mm and an inner diameter of 4 mm and a relative density of 75 i. The tube was introduced into a sintering furnace and sintered in a reducing atmosphere of AX gas at 8200C for 45 minutes.
The sintered tube was sized to obtain an article having a porosity of 20 % by volume. This article was vacuum-impregnated with turbine oil to obtain an oil-impregnated bearing.
Separately, iron powder alone and a mixture comprising 50 % of iron powder and 50 % of brass powder were each treated in a similar manner to the one described above to obtain comparative articles 0A and The articles G to to according to the present invention and the preparative articles Aand B were examined for radial crushing strength constant, coefficient of friction and temperature rise caused by continuous rotation with a PV value of 1000 kg/cm2.m/min for at least 40 minutes (although the temperature rises in about 30 minutes after the initiation of the rotation under this condition, it is nearly constant thereafter). The results are shown in Table 2.
Table 2
Radial crushing b Coefficient Temperature rise strength constant of friction caused by continu (kg/mm) ous rotation Article of the present invention 1 24.6 0.071 18.2 C " 2 31.5 0.077 18.8 C " 3 34.0 0.086 22.6 C " 4 29.0 0.074 18.4 C Comparative A 36.0 0.100 31.0 C article " B 21.0 1 0.080 21.60C The articles 01 to 4 according to the present invention and the comparative articles A and B were also examined for corrosion resistance at a humidity of 80 % and 60 C to determine the time which has elapsed until the generation of rust is observed.
The results are shown in Table 3.
Table 3
Term which has elapsed until rust is observed (days) Article of the present invention 1 90 or above " 2 30 or above " 3 20 or above " 4 30 or above Comparative article A 7 " B 60 or above The compositions of the articles to according to the present invention and the comparative article B were experimentally determined (the comparative article S comprises only 1.5 % of copper and the balance of iron).
The results are shown in Table 4.
Table 4
Fe cu Sn P Zn Article of the present invention S 20 71.72 8 0.28 " 2 50 : 44.825 5 0.175 " 3 80 17.93 2 0.07 " 4 40 53.79 6 0.21 Comparative article A 98.5 1.5 - - 50 35 1 - - 15 Preparative Example 2 The same procedure as the one described in Preparative Example 1 was repeated by using the same raw materials as those shown in column t of Table 1 except that graphite powder was further added in an amount of 2 % by weight (outer percentage).
The article thus obtained exhibited a coefficient of friction of 0.068, which reveals that the article is extremely excellent in lubricating properties. Further, it exhibited 2 a radial crushing strength constant of 23.8 kg/mm which reveals that it is also excellent in strength.
As described above, the present invention provides a sintered alloy material which is excellent in strength, corrosion resistance and fitness with a mating member such as a shaft and has a low coefficient of firction to exhibit reduced temperature rise when continuously operated as a bearing, thus being excellent in bearing properties, and a process for preparing the same stably. Thus, the present invention is industrially valuable.

Claims (5)

What is claimed is:
1. A sintered alloy material comprising 20 to 80 % by weight of iron, 16 to 76 % by weight of copper, 1 to 12 % by weight of tin and 0.02 to 1.2 % by weight of phosphorus and having a porosity of 15 to 28 % by volume.
2. A sintered alloy material comprising 20 to 80 % by weight of iron, 12.5 to 75.5 % by weight of copper, 0.75 to 11.9 % by weight of tin, 0.015 to 1.19 % by weight of phosphorus and 0.5 to 5.0 % by weight of one or more solid lubricants such as graphite, molybdenum- disulfide or lead and a porosity of 15 to 28 % by volume.
3. A process for the preparation of a sintered alloy material which comprises adding 25 to 400 parts by weight of powdery phosphor bronze comprising 5 to 15 % by weight of tin, 0.1 to 1.5 % by weight of phosphorus and the balance of copper and unavoidable impurities to 100 parts by weight of powdery iron, compacting the obtained powder mixture, sintering the obtained green compact and sizing the sintered compact so as to give a porosity of 15 to 28 8 by volume.
4. A process for the preparation of a sintered alloy material which comprises adding 18 to 388 parts by weight of powdery phosphor bronze comprising 5 to 15% by weight of tin, 0.1 to 1.5 % by weight of phosphorus and the balance of copper and unavoidable impurities and 0.5 to
5.3 parts by weight of one or more solid lubricants such as graphite, molybdenum disulfide or lead to 100 parts by weight of powdery iron, compacting the obtained powder mixture, sintering the obtained green compact and sizing the sintered compact so as to give a porosity of 15 to 28 % by volume.
GB8909550A 1988-04-27 1989-04-26 Sintered alloy material and process for the preparation of the same Expired GB2220421B (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP10246988A JPH01275735A (en) 1988-04-27 1988-04-27 Sintered alloy material and its manufacture

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GB8909550D0 GB8909550D0 (en) 1989-06-14
GB2220421A true GB2220421A (en) 1990-01-10
GB2220421B GB2220421B (en) 1991-05-01

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HK (1) HK76991A (en)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0638654A1 (en) * 1993-08-09 1995-02-15 Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. Sintered contact component and method of making the same
WO1996009132A1 (en) * 1994-09-21 1996-03-28 Aktiebolaget Electrolux Method for fabricating dimensionally accurate pieces by laser sintering
EP0838604A2 (en) * 1996-10-23 1998-04-29 Firma Carl Freudenberg Resilient torsional coupling
GB2368348A (en) * 2000-08-31 2002-05-01 Hitachi Powdered Metals Sintered alloy for valve guides
EP1278815A1 (en) * 2000-05-01 2003-01-29 Bearing Sliding Inc. Composite material for anti-friction workpieces
US20130101244A1 (en) * 2011-10-24 2013-04-25 Hitachi Powdered Metals Co., Ltd. Oil-impregnated sintered bearing and production method therefor
CN104755775A (en) * 2012-10-24 2015-07-01 Ntn株式会社 Sintered bearing
CN105009425A (en) * 2013-03-25 2015-10-28 Ntn株式会社 Method for manufacturing sintered bearing, sintered bearing, and vibration motor equipped with same
US20190257356A1 (en) * 2013-10-03 2019-08-22 Ntn Corporation Sintered bearing and manufacturing process therefor

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KR100455261B1 (en) * 2002-07-04 2004-11-06 삼성전기주식회사 Sintered oilless bearing and manufacturing method thereof
JP4886545B2 (en) * 2007-02-22 2012-02-29 日立粉末冶金株式会社 Sintered oil-impregnated bearing and manufacturing method thereof
JP6246648B2 (en) * 2014-04-04 2017-12-13 大豊工業株式会社 Sliding member and manufacturing method
CN111719086B (en) * 2019-03-21 2022-03-22 南京理工大学 Iron-based medium-high temperature self-lubricating material and preparation method thereof

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US2609285A (en) * 1949-12-08 1952-09-02 Carborundum Co Abrasive article

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JPS4991911A (en) * 1973-01-08 1974-09-03
JPS58189361A (en) * 1982-04-28 1983-11-05 Mitsubishi Metal Corp Oil-containing bearing made of sintered fe alloy with superior fitness and lubricity

Patent Citations (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2609285A (en) * 1949-12-08 1952-09-02 Carborundum Co Abrasive article

Cited By (26)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0638654A1 (en) * 1993-08-09 1995-02-15 Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. Sintered contact component and method of making the same
US5460639A (en) * 1993-08-09 1995-10-24 Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. Sintered contact component
US5501833A (en) * 1993-08-09 1996-03-26 Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. Method of making sintered contact component
WO1996009132A1 (en) * 1994-09-21 1996-03-28 Aktiebolaget Electrolux Method for fabricating dimensionally accurate pieces by laser sintering
US5732323A (en) * 1994-09-21 1998-03-24 Aktiebolaget Electrolux Method for fabricating dimensionally accurate pieces by laser sintering
EP0838604A2 (en) * 1996-10-23 1998-04-29 Firma Carl Freudenberg Resilient torsional coupling
EP0838604A3 (en) * 1996-10-23 1999-05-12 Firma Carl Freudenberg Resilient torsional coupling
EP1278815A4 (en) * 2000-05-01 2006-03-22 Bearing Sliding Inc Composite material for anti-friction workpieces
EP1278815A1 (en) * 2000-05-01 2003-01-29 Bearing Sliding Inc. Composite material for anti-friction workpieces
GB2368348B (en) * 2000-08-31 2003-08-06 Hitachi Powdered Metals Material for valve guides
US6616726B2 (en) 2000-08-31 2003-09-09 Hitachi Powdered Metals Co., Ltd. Material for valve guides
KR100420264B1 (en) * 2000-08-31 2004-03-02 히다치 훈마츠 야킨 가부시키가이샤 Material for valve guides
GB2368348A (en) * 2000-08-31 2002-05-01 Hitachi Powdered Metals Sintered alloy for valve guides
US9441286B2 (en) * 2011-10-24 2016-09-13 Hitachi Powdered Metals Co., Ltd. Oil-impregnated sintered bearing and production method therefor
US20130101244A1 (en) * 2011-10-24 2013-04-25 Hitachi Powdered Metals Co., Ltd. Oil-impregnated sintered bearing and production method therefor
US20190010984A1 (en) * 2012-10-24 2019-01-10 Ntn Corporation Sintered bearing
EP2913546A4 (en) * 2012-10-24 2016-07-20 Ntn Toyo Bearing Co Ltd Sintered bearing
US20150285300A1 (en) * 2012-10-24 2015-10-08 Ntn Corporation Sintered bearing
CN109014218A (en) * 2012-10-24 2018-12-18 Ntn株式会社 Sintered bearing
CN104755775A (en) * 2012-10-24 2015-07-01 Ntn株式会社 Sintered bearing
US10590990B2 (en) 2012-10-24 2020-03-17 Ntn Corporation Sintered bearing
US11248653B2 (en) 2012-10-24 2022-02-15 Ntn Corporation Sintered bearing
CN105009425A (en) * 2013-03-25 2015-10-28 Ntn株式会社 Method for manufacturing sintered bearing, sintered bearing, and vibration motor equipped with same
US10536048B2 (en) 2013-03-25 2020-01-14 Ntn Corporation Method for manufacturing sintered bearing, sintered bearing, and vibration motor equipped with same
US20190257356A1 (en) * 2013-10-03 2019-08-22 Ntn Corporation Sintered bearing and manufacturing process therefor
US10907685B2 (en) * 2013-10-03 2021-02-02 Ntn Corporation Sintered bearing and manufacturing process therefor

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
HK76991A (en) 1991-10-11
JPH01275735A (en) 1989-11-06
GB8909550D0 (en) 1989-06-14
GB2220421B (en) 1991-05-01

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