GB2197680A - Improvements relating to artificial and natural structures - Google Patents
Improvements relating to artificial and natural structures Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2197680A GB2197680A GB08726750A GB8726750A GB2197680A GB 2197680 A GB2197680 A GB 2197680A GB 08726750 A GB08726750 A GB 08726750A GB 8726750 A GB8726750 A GB 8726750A GB 2197680 A GB2197680 A GB 2197680A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- cracks
- voids
- hardenable material
- fluid
- liquid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G23/00—Working measures on existing buildings
- E04G23/02—Repairing, e.g. filling cracks; Restoring; Altering; Enlarging
- E04G23/0203—Arrangements for filling cracks or cavities in building constructions
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G23/00—Working measures on existing buildings
- E04G23/02—Repairing, e.g. filling cracks; Restoring; Altering; Enlarging
- E04G23/0203—Arrangements for filling cracks or cavities in building constructions
- E04G23/0211—Arrangements for filling cracks or cavities in building constructions using injection
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Working Measures On Existing Buildindgs (AREA)
Abstract
When filling cracks in separate sub-portions 2 of a structure 1 by surrounding each sub- portion with a closely fitting fluid-impermeable covering 3, sealing boundary edges of the covering to the structure to form a fluid-tight enclosure 41 and evacuating the enclosure to draw hardenable material in a liquid or semi- liquid state into the evacuated cracks, to avoid unacceptable early setting of the hardenable material each fluid-tight enclosure has an associated separate pot 11 containing hardenable material in a liquid or semi-liquid state. Preferably, each pot 11 is connected to a manifold 15 which is connected to a source 19 of gaseous pressure so that, if required, the hardenable material can be introduced into the evacuated cracks under a pressure substantially greater than atmospheric pressure. Preferably, also, each separate pot 11 is connected to the manifold 15 via a valve 17 so that each pot can be readily removed and replaced if required without interruption of the process of filling the cracks in other sub-portions of the structure. <IMAGE>
Description
IMPROVEMENTS RELATING TO ARTIFICIAL
AND NATURAL STRUCTURES
This invention relates to artificial and natural structures built up of or comprising a plurality of separately formed bodies of manufactured or natural material or consisting of a single body of concrete of rock, granite or other material in its natural state.
Structures fabricated from or comprising a plurality of separately formed bodies include the walls of buildings, the abutments and piers of bridges, chimneys, brick-'lined drained and sewers, retaining walls, foundations, archeological remains, and other structures built up of or comprising bricks, rocks, stones, granite, or other building materials with or without interposed mortar or other hardenable material. Single bodies of concrete or other materials include roads, airfield runways and foundations of heavy machinery.
All such artificial and natural structures will, for convenience, hereinafter be referred to as "artificial or natural structures of the kind specified".
In British Patent No: 1399510 of Balfour Beatty
Limited there is described and claimed a method of introducing a hardenable material in a liquid or semiuliquid state into cracks or other voids in an artificial or natural structure of the kind specified, which method substantially reduces the risk that cracks or other voids within the interior of the structure will not be substantially filled with the hardenable material. In this method, the structure or a part of the structure containing the cracks or other voids that are to be filled is surrounded by a close-fitting, fluidrimpermeable covering, such as a flexible sheet of fluid-impermeable material, and the boundary edges of the covering are sealed to the structure to form a substantially fluid-tight enclosure.Air and any other fluid is evacuated from the cracks and other voids within the fluidtight enclosure and, when the cracks and other voids have been substantially evacuated, hardenable material in a liquid or semiliquid state is allowed to enter into the evacuated cracks or other voids until the hardenable material appears at the openings of the cracks and voids in the surface or surfaces of the structure. The hardenable material is then permitted or caused to set.
Where the cracks or other voids in an artificial or natural structure of the kind described are in several sub-portions of the structure, which subrportions are distributed over a wide area and are not interconnected by cracks or other fissures, it is the normal practice either to deal with each subportion of the structure in turn u which can be extremely time consuming and expensive 8 or, to deal with a plurality of sub-portions of the structure at one and the same time, filling the evacuated cracks and other voids in these subportions of the structure with hardenable material in a liquid or semiliquid state from a common source.Whilst in many circumstances, the latter procedure is perfectly satisfactory, where the sub-portions of the structure are widely scattered over a substantially large area, there is a serious risk that unacceptable early setting or hardening of the hardenable material will occur in or near the common source of hardenable material or during passage of the hardenable material to the subportions of the structure so that extremities of the cracks and other voids in some of the subuportions of the structure may not be substantially filled with hardenable material.
It is an object of the present invention to provide an improved method of introducing hardenable material in a liquid or semiliquid state into cracks and other voids in separate subportions of an artificial or natural structure of the kind specified, which improved method substantially reduces the risk of unacceptable early setting of the hardenable material which will result in extremities of cracks and other voids in some of the subportions of the structure not being substantially filled with hardenable material.
According to the invention, the improved method comprises surrounding each sub-portion of the structure containing cracks and other voids that are to be filled by a closely fitting, fluid"impermeable covering and sealing boundary edges of the covering to the structure to form a substantially fluid"tight enclosure; connecting each fluid-tight enclosure to a manifold which is connected to at least one vacuum pump or other means for extracting air and any other fluid from the cracks and other voids within the fluid-tight enclosures; connecting each fluid'tight enclosure via a valve to a separate pot containing hardenable material in a liquid or semi-liquid state; evacuating air and any other fluid from the cracks and other voids within the fluidotight enclosures and, when the cracks and other voids have been substantially evacuated, opening the valve between each evacuated enclosure and its associated pot to allow hardenable material in a liquid or semialiquid state to enter into the evacuated cracks and other voids in said evacuated encloeure until the hardenable material appears at openings of the cracks and voids in the surface or surfaces of the subHportion of the structure; and permitting or causing the hardenable material to set.
Preferably, each pot containing hardenable material in a liquid or semi-liquid state is connected to a second manifold which is connected to a source of gaseous pressure so that, if required, the hardenable material can be introduced into the evacuated cracks and other voids in said evacuated enclosure under a pressure substantially greater than atmospheric pressure.
Preferably, also, each separate pot is connected to the first manifold via a valve and is connected to said second manifold via a valve so that each pot can be readily removed and replaced if required without interruption of the process of filling the cracks and other voids in the other sub'portions of the structure.
By virtue of the fact that the fluidatight enclosure of each subwportion of the structure has its own separate pot containing hardenable material in a liquid or semixliquid state, filling of the cracks and other voids in each subportion of the structure can be controlled independently of, and without interfering with, filling of the cracks and other voids in the other subuportions of the structure. The separate pot of hardenable material in a liquid or semirliquid state associated with the fluid--tight enclosure of each subportion of the structure preferably is in the form of a bottle of plastics material, e.g. a transparent plastics material, which has been pressure and vacuum tested to ensure that it will withstand the pressure to which it will be subjected during the filling process.
Since the pot can be readily replaced when required, each pot need only contain sufficient hardenable material in a liquid or semiliquid state to fill the cracks and other voids in a particular subportion of the structure; as a result, there is negligible risk of unacceptable early setting of the hardenable material occurring. Where a pot contains insufficient hardenable material in a liquid or semiSliquid state to fill the cracks or other voids in a subportion of a structure, the pot, when empty, can readily be replaced by another pot containing hardenable material in a liquid or semizliquid state without interrupting the filling process of the other subHportions of the structure.
The invention is further illustrated by a description, by way of example, of a preferred method of introducing hardenable resin in a liquid or semi'liquid state into cracks and other voids in separate sub'portions of a brick wall of a building with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a diagrammatic schematic representation of the apparatus employed in the improved method, and
Figure 2 is a sectional side view of one of the pots of the apparatus shown in Figure 1.
Referring to the drawings, a brick wall 1 has, along the length of the wall, a number of subHportions 2 of the wall in each of which there are cracks and other fissures which are to be filled with a hardenable material in a liquid or semi.4liquid state. The subportions 2 are distributed over a wide area of the wall 1 and the cracks and fissures in one subportion are not interconnected with the.cracks and other fissures in any other subportion.
.Each subSportion 2 of the wall 1 is surrounded by a closely fitting, fluidimpermeable flexible sheet 3 of transparent plastics material and boundary edges of the sheet are sealed to the wall to form a substantially fluidtight enclosure 4. Each fluidZtight enclosure 4 is connected to a manifold 5 by a pipe 6 via a valve 7 and the manifold is connected by a pipe 8 to a vacuum pump 9 for extracting air and any other fluid from the cracks and other fissures within the fluid-tight enclosures. Each fluid-tight enclosure 4 is also connected by a pipe 12 and via a valve 14 to a separate pot 11 containing hardenable material in a liquid or semiliquid state.Each pot 11 is connected to a second manifold 15 through a pipe 16 via a valve 17 and the second manifold is connected to a source 19 of gaseous pressure through a pipe 18. If desired, the vacuum pump 9 and the source 19 of gaseous pressure may be carried on a trolley 20.
With the valves 7 open, air and any other fluid is evacuated from the cracks and other fissures within the fluid-tight enclosures 4 and, when the cracks and other fissures have been substantially evacuated, the valve 14 between each evacuated enclosure 4 and its associated pot 11 is opened to allow hardenable material in a liquid or semi-liquid state to enter into the evacuated cracks and other fissures in said evacuated enclosure until the hardenable material appears at openings of the cracks and fissures in the surface of the sub-portion 2.
The valves 7 and 14 are then closed and the hardenable material is permitted to set.
Filling of the cracks and other fissures in each sub-portion 2 of the wall 1 can be controlled independently of, and without interfering with, filling of the craws and other voids in the other sub-portions of the wall. Each pot 11 can be readily replaced when required and need only contain sufficient hardenable material in a liquid or semi-liquid state to fill the cracks and other voids in the associated sub-portion 2.
If a sub-portion 2 has cracks and other fissures that are especially deep or cover a large area, after valve 14 has been opened, the associated valve 17 may be opened and hardenable resin in a liquid or semi-liquid state introduced into the evacuated cracks and other fissures under a gaseous pressure substantially greater than atmospheric pressure.
The improved method of the present invention has the important advantage that it reduces wastage of hardenable material and it requires fewer personnel to operate the method. As a consequence, the improved method of the invention is substantially less expensive than methods of filling cracks and other voids in widely distributed sub'portions of a structure hitherto proposed and used.
Claims (5)
1. A method of introducing hardenable material in a liquid or semi-liquid state into cracks and other voids in separate sub-portions of an artificial or natural structure of the kind specified, which method comprises surrounding each sub-portion of the structure containing cracks and other voids that are to be filled by a closely fitting, fluid- impermeable covering and sealing boundary edges of the covering to the structure to form a substantially fluid-tight enclosure; connecting each fluid-tight enclosure to a manifold which is connected to means for extracting air and any other fluid from the cracks and other voids within the fluid-tight enclosures; connecting each fluid-tight enclosure via a valve to a separate pot containing hardenable material in a liquid or semi-liquid state; evacuating air and any other fluid from the cracks and other voids within the fluid-tight enclosures and, when the cracks and other voids have been substantially evacuated, opening the valve between each evacuated enclosure and its associated pot to allow hardenable material in a liquid or semi-liquid state to enter into the evacuated cracks and other voids in said evacuated enclosure until the hardenable material appears at openings of the cracks and voids in the surface or surfaces of the sub-portion of the structure; and permitting or causing the hardenable material to set.
2. A method as claimed in Claim 1, wherein each pot containing hardenable material in a liquid or semi-liquid state is connected to a second manifold which is connected to a source of gaseous pressure and the hardenable material is introduced into the evacuated cracks and other voids in said evacuated enclosures under a pressure substantially greater than atmospheric pressure.
3. A method as claimed in Claim 2, wherein each separate pot is connected to the first manifold via a valve and is connected to said second manifold via a valve so that each pot can be readily removed and replaced if required without interruption of the process of filling the cracks and other voids in the other sub-portions of the structure.
4. A method as claimed in Claim 1, wherein each pot is of a transparent material.
5. A method of introducing hardenable material in a liquid or semi-liquid state into cracks and other voids in separate sub-portions of an artificial or natural structure of the kind specified substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB868627426A GB8627426D0 (en) | 1986-11-17 | 1986-11-17 | Artificial & natural structures |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB8726750D0 GB8726750D0 (en) | 1987-12-23 |
| GB2197680A true GB2197680A (en) | 1988-05-25 |
Family
ID=10607466
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB868627426A Pending GB8627426D0 (en) | 1986-11-17 | 1986-11-17 | Artificial & natural structures |
| GB08726750A Withdrawn GB2197680A (en) | 1986-11-17 | 1987-11-16 | Improvements relating to artificial and natural structures |
Family Applications Before (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB868627426A Pending GB8627426D0 (en) | 1986-11-17 | 1986-11-17 | Artificial & natural structures |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AU (1) | AU590997B2 (en) |
| GB (2) | GB8627426D0 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4343251C1 (en) * | 1993-12-17 | 1995-05-18 | Tilo Willner | Device for introducing an injection liquid into walls of buildings |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1399510A (en) * | 1972-10-11 | 1975-07-02 | Balfour Beatty Co Ltd | Artificial and natural structures |
| GB1594467A (en) * | 1977-08-12 | 1981-07-30 | Balfour Beatty Ltd | Restoration of artificial and natural structures |
| AU507426B2 (en) * | 1977-10-18 | 1980-02-14 | Balfour Beatty Ltd. | Repairing natural and artificial structures |
-
1986
- 1986-11-17 GB GB868627426A patent/GB8627426D0/en active Pending
-
1987
- 1987-11-16 GB GB08726750A patent/GB2197680A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1987-11-17 AU AU81296/87A patent/AU590997B2/en not_active Ceased
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4343251C1 (en) * | 1993-12-17 | 1995-05-18 | Tilo Willner | Device for introducing an injection liquid into walls of buildings |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU590997B2 (en) | 1989-11-23 |
| GB8627426D0 (en) | 1986-12-17 |
| AU8129687A (en) | 1988-05-19 |
| GB8726750D0 (en) | 1987-12-23 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| WAP | Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1) |