GB2184230A - A method of measuring minor ingredient of gas and apparatus therefor - Google Patents
A method of measuring minor ingredient of gas and apparatus therefor Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2184230A GB2184230A GB08530850A GB8530850A GB2184230A GB 2184230 A GB2184230 A GB 2184230A GB 08530850 A GB08530850 A GB 08530850A GB 8530850 A GB8530850 A GB 8530850A GB 2184230 A GB2184230 A GB 2184230A
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- Prior art keywords
- minor ingredient
- concentration
- absorbed
- gas
- measuring
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- Granted
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- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 abstract description 20
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 20
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 24
- 238000002835 absorbance Methods 0.000 description 20
- RAOIDOHSFRTOEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrothiophene Chemical compound C1CCSC1 RAOIDOHSFRTOEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000004817 gas chromatography Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 5
- QMMFVYPAHWMCMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl sulfide Chemical compound CSC QMMFVYPAHWMCMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 4
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- NHTMVDHEPJAVLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isooctane Chemical compound CC(C)CC(C)(C)C NHTMVDHEPJAVLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XMPZTFVPEKAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-P ceric ammonium nitrate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[Ce+4].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O XMPZTFVPEKAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-P 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- JVSWJIKNEAIKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl-hexane Natural products CCCCCC(C)C JVSWJIKNEAIKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000003449 preventive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodine Chemical compound II PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000031700 light absorption Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000136 polysorbate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000011002 quantification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052724 xenon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N xenon atom Chemical compound [Xe] FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/75—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated
- G01N21/77—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated by observing the effect on a chemical indicator
- G01N21/78—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated by observing the effect on a chemical indicator producing a change of colour
- G01N21/783—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated by observing the effect on a chemical indicator producing a change of colour for analysing gases
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/22—Fuels; Explosives
- G01N33/225—Gaseous fuels, e.g. natural gas
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Non-Biological Materials By The Use Of Chemical Means (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Materials By The Use Of Chemical Reactions (AREA)
Abstract
A method of measuring the concentration of a minor ingredient in town or natural gas such as a sulphide-type odorant or monoethylene glycol as a leak preventative agent, comprises forming a solution of said ingredient in an absorbing liquid in a cell (15) projecting through the cell from a light (11) both a beam of specified wavelength that is well absorbed by said minor ingredient and another beam of specified wavelength that scarcely absorbed by said minor ingredient; measuring transmittances of said respective beams by photoelectric elements (18,20) and determining by a microcomputer (21) the concentration of said minor ingredient from the difference between said transmittances; and indicating the concentration on a display (22). <IMAGE>
Description
SPECIFICATION
Method of measuring minor ingredient of gas and apparatus therefor
This invention relates to an exact and simple method of measuring the concentration of a minor ingredient, especially a sulphide-type odorant or monoethylene glycol as a gas-pipelink leak preventive agent in town or natural gas, and to an apparatus for carrying out said method.
In general, town or natural gas contains some odorantto meet a legal obligation of security, and presently itis of importance to control a proper concentration of such an odorant in the gas to ensure this security. At the sametime, close attention is paid to gas-pipeline systems against gas leaks from theirjoints orthe like, and, as a countermeasure to Ieaksforexample, monoethylene glycol, an oily agent, is added to the gas so that the agent may deposit on said joints or the like. Therefore, the concentration of such a leak preventative agent is also an important matterto be controlled.
Since upto this time no simple method has been availableto measure the concentration of either such a sulphide-type odorant astetrahydrothiophene (THT) or dimethyl sulphide widely added to town or natural gas, or such an effective leak preventative agent as monoethylene glycol, it has been unavoidable to depend on using such a means as gas chromatography which necessitates not only a considerably expensive apparatus but also a high handling skill.
The inventors found that said sulphide-type odorant reacted with iodineto form an iodine complexsol- ution which exhibited a remarkable ultra-violet (UV) light adsorption phenomenon. In addition, they found that, when said monoethylene glycol ingredient was absorbed by deionized or distilled waterto which was then added a certain color-producing reagent, the resulting solution also exhibited a remarkablevisible-light absorption phenomenon.Consequently, they found that it was quite simply feasible to determine exactly the concentration of said odorant or leak preventive agent in a sample gas by measuring its absorbance or transmittance of UV or visible light, and developed a novel method of measuring the concentration of such a minor ingredient in town or natural gas, and an optimal apparatusforconducting such a method.
According to one aspect ofthe present invention, a method of measuring a minor ingredient in a gas comprises forming a solution of said minor ingredient in an absorbing liquid; projecting into the solution both a light beam of specified wavelength that is relatively well absorbed by said minor ingredient and a light beam of specified wavelength that is scarcely absorbed by said minor ingredient; measuring the transmittances of said respective light beams through said solution; obtaining the difference between thetransmittances; and determining the concentration of said minor ingredient in the gas from said difference.
According to another aspect of the present invention, apparatus for measuring a minor ingredient in a gas comprises a cell of a concentration-measuring meter containing an absorbing liquid, which is adjustable so as to predetermine the concentration of a given amount of the sampled gas absorbed therein; means for projecting through the cell both a light beam of specified-wavelength that is relatively well absorbed by said minor ingredient and a light beam of specified-wavelength that is scarcely absorbed by said minor in- gredient; means for measuring transmittances of said respective light beams through said absorbing liquid in said cell; and means for calculating and displaying the concentration of said minor ingredient in the gas on the basis of the difference between said transmittances.
When the minor ingredient is a sulphide-type odorant it is absorbed by an iodine solution to form a sulphide-iodine complex. Then UV beams having a specified wavelengths are projected through the solution in said cell, and the absorbances of said complexforsaid UV light are calculated from the measured trans- mittances. Finally, the concentration of said sulphide-type odorant in the sample gas is determined on the basis ofthe calculated absorbances.On the other hand, monoethylene glycol as a leak preventative agent is absorbed by deionized or distilled water in another cell to which is added color-producing reagent, then visible light beams having specified wavelengths are projected through the solution in said cell, and the absorbances of monoethylene glycol forsaid visible lightarecalculated from thetransmittances. Finallythe concentration ofmonoethylene glycol is determined on the basis ofthe calculated absorbances. Thus both of the above methods of measuring the odorant and the leak preventative agent respectively are based on the same technical idea.
The principal characteristic of the invention, where it is intended to determine exactly at a 11 times the concentration of a minor ingredient in town or natural gas on the basis ofthe degree of absorption (or transmission) of specified-wavelength light, is to determine the concentration ofthe minor ingredient using a difference between absorbances for a specified wavelength and another reference wavelength.
As to said sulphide-type odorant, the THT-iodine complex for example exhibits its strongest UV absorption between 300 nm and 310 nm. The exclusive use of only UV light of 300 to 310 nm wavelength requires a considerable elapse of time for stabilizing the applied light source. Instead in the invention, however, the transmittancefor a scarcely absorbed UV light of 390 to 400 nm wavelength is also measured togetherwith thatforthe UV flux of 300 to 310 nm wavelength. Then,from the difference between the two transmittances, a relative intensity of UV absorptive data of said odorant is always obtained without any bias duetotime- sequential fluctuations ofemissive intensity ofthe light source, and, consequently, the concentration ofthe odorant is exactly calculated therefrom.
Similarly, for monoethylene glycol the agent is absorbed by deionized or distilled water is placed in the cell. After adding the color-producing reagentto said water, both an analytical light beam of 490 nm wave length and a reference light beam of 780 nm wavelength are projected through said cell, and the difference between both transmittances is determined, to calculate therefrom the concentration of monoethylene glycol in the sample gas.
Thus, while the quantification of minor ingredient in town or natural gas using both an analytical light beam and a reference light beam constitutes the principal characteristic of the invention, this application of two light beams of different wavelengths bring about another advantage of using an instantaneously emit- ting light source, resulting in a saving in the weight of the power source, whereby a dry battery may be the power source. This improvement makes it possible to assemble a portable and manoeuvrableapparatus, and to have an internally mounted computer automatically conducting the measurement oftransmittances and calculation of absorbances forthe UV orvisible light, and a display for the concentration of the tested ingredient.Therefore, an analyst using such an apparatus ofthe invention can find the exact concentration of thesulphide-type odorantor monoethylene glycol in the sample gas within only a few minutes (say a dozen or so) simplybyturning on a switch for controlling the power source.
The invention and a preferred embodimentthereofwill now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure lisa a 9 raph il illustrating UV absorbances of iodine complex of THT, which is used mostfrequently among sulphide-type odorants; the ordinate is the absorbance; the abscissa is the wavelength; Figure2 is a graph showing the linear range ofthe UV absorbance of said THT-iodine complex; the ordinate isthe limit of the THT concentration ( g/m 1) which exhibits linearity; the abscissa in the iodine concentration (wVvol %); Figure3 is a diagram illustrating a basic mode ofthe UV absorbing apparatus using only one lightbeamof a specified wavelength; and Figure4 is a diagram illustrating a practical mode of the apparatus developed for measurement in accordance with the invention.
The invention is based on thefactthat, forexample,THTas atypical sulphide-type odorantforms an iodine complex which remarkably absorbs UV light of 300 to 310 um wavelength as shown in Figure 1.
A UVabsorbancefor only one light beam ofa specified wavelength is measured using such an apparatus as shown in Figure 3,forexample. An iodine solution is preliminarily placed in a cell 4, and a sample gas is introduced therein through a sample gas pump 7 and a ball filter8.
Aconcentration ofthe iodine solution to be usedforthe determination oftheTHTconcentration in said solution of upto 20 ftgiml isnecessaryto give 0.022% or lowertaking the linearity into consideration, and desirably 0.01 % or highertaking the sensitivity into consideration, and then consequently preferably be- tween 0.01 % and 0.02 %.
A light beam of specified-wavelength emitted by a light source 1 is projected through a condenser 2, an interferencefilter3 and the cell 4. After passingthroughthecell 4the light beam passes through a condenser 5,andthe quantity oftransmitted light is detected by a detector 6. The UV absorbance is calculated from said detected quantity, and the concentration of THT in the sample gas is calculated in turn from said UVabsorbance. The detector is preferably a spectrophotometer.
For measuring the concentration of monoethylene glycol in a sample gas the procedure is asfollows:
Deionized or distilled water is placed in a cell, the sample gas containing monoethylene glycol is introduced into the absorbing liquid, and a color-producing reagent such as a solution of cerium-ammonium nitrate, Ce(NO3)42NH4NO3, in nitric acid is poured into the solution, which is subsequently agitated to mix the con- stituentsthoroughly together. A 490 nm visible light beam is projected through the resulting solution in a similar manner to the above case of THT. The visible light absorbance is calculated from the detected quantity oftransmitted visible light, and the concentration of monoethylene glycol in the sample gas is calculated in turn from said visible light absorbance.
While, as aforementioned, the most remarkable UVabsorption by THT occurs between 300 nm and 310 nm and visible light absorption bymonoethylene glycol, occurs around 490 nm, it is essential to stabilize the light source when the concentration of such an ingredient is determined by measuring the UV or visible light absorbanceforonly one wavelength. However, the stabilization of a light source of such a type usuallytakes much time. Contradictorily, finding the exact value of concentration quickly is greatly required from the viewpoint of security.
In the preferred embodiment of the invention,therefore, the two necessities as above are satisfied by measuring, together with the absorbances for the analytical wavelength, the absorbance for a reference wavelength, and by obtaining a relative absorbance therefrom to determine exactly the concentration ofthe odorantormonoethylene glycol as a minoringredientin the sample gas even though the light source is somewhat unstable.
According to such a 2-wavelength method of the invention, the complex of odorantwith iodine exhibits little UV absorption between 390 nm and 400 nm as shown in Figure 1. Hence, the measurement of both UV transmittances between 300 nm and 310 nm, and between 390 nm and 400 nm, and the calculation of UV absorbance of said complex from the relative difference between both absorbances makes it possible to find exactly the concentration of the odorant in the sample gas therefrom without any influence oftimesequential fluctuations ofemissive intensity ofthe light source.
In addition, the adoption ofthis 2-wavelength method makes it possible to use an instantaneously emitting light source, leading to a saving in the weight of the necessary power source whereby a dry battery may be used as the power source. This improvement makes it possible also to realize a portable and manoeuvrable apparatus, and to have an internally mounted computer automatically conduct both the measurement and operation of the UV absorbance, and the display ofthe concentration of the odorant. Consequently, all an analyst using such an apparatus ofthe invention has to do to find the exact concentration oftheodorant within a fevv minutes, is to turn on the switch for contro 11 ing the powersource.
Such is also the case with monoethylene glycol determination.
An example of apparatus in accordance with the preferred embodiment of the invention will now be described with reference to Figure 4. Needless to say, however, that such apparatus need not be limited to the following example.
In Figure 4, a xenon lamp is employed as an instantaneous light source 11. A dry battery 12 is employed as a powersource, andforwhich a control 13 and a switch 14 are provided. The cell 1 sofa concentrationmeasuring meter is a transparent quartz tube which has been filled with the aforementioned iodine solution or deionized or distilled water, so asto absorb the odorantor monoethylene glycol in the sample gas which is introduced thereinto through an introducing tube 15a.
Adichroic mirror 16 constituted by a semitransmitting mirror reflects beams ofshorterthan a definite wavelength among beams passing through the cell 15; for example, it reflects those ofshorterthan 355nm wavelength and transmits those of longerthan 355 nm wavelength forthe sulphide-type odorant.
Interference filters 17 and 19 also serve similarly; for example, the filter 17 transmits beams of 300 to 310 nm wavelength, and the filter 19transmits beams of 390 to 400 nm wavelength forthe sulphide-type odorant.
Hereinafter the former is the beam for analysis and is referred to as the specified-wavelength beam A, and the latter is the beam for reference and is referred to as the specified-wavelength beam B. The specifiedwavelength beam A is the UV light which is well absorbed by the complexwith iodine, andthespecifiedwavelength beam B is the UV light which is scarcely absorbed by said complex.
Photoelectric elements 18 and 20 receive the specified-wavelength beams A and B passing interference filters 17 and 19, respectively, and produce output signals corresponding to the respective beam intensities two a microcomputer21.
The microcomputer 21 determines the difference between the intensities of the specified-wavelength beams A and B from the photoelectric element 18 and 20, and subsequently the concentration ofthesul- phide-type odoranttherefrom, and then displays the resulting value on a screen 22. Symbols 23 and 24 represent respectively a battery serving as a power source for the microcomputer and a switch forcontrolling the power source.
When this apparatus is applied for determining the concentration of monoethylene glycol, the dichroic mirror 16 used is one that reflects beams ofshorterthan 600 nm wavelength, and transmits beams of longer than 600 nm wavelength; and the interference filters 17 and 19 used are onesthattransmit beams of 490 nm amd 780 nm wavelengths, respectively.
Examples of measurements carried out using the above apparatus are described as follows:
Example 1
Samples A, B and C are prepared by adding tetrahydrothiophene (THT) as an odorantto natural gas at different concentrations, respectively. Each of these samples is introduced into 0.02 g/ml iodine solution in iso-octane at a rate of 1 litre/min for 5 minutes to make THTform its complex with iodine. The concentration of in the sample is determined by the apparatus ofthe invention. Concurrently, THTin the samesample is analysed buy a gas chromatograph attached to aflame photometric detector. Both values obtained are shown in the following table.
Sample Invention Gas chromatography
A 19.5 mg/Nm3 19.8 mg/Nm3
B 32.8 mg/Nm3 32.5 mg/Nm3
C 70.4 mg/Nm3 70.6 mg/Nm3
As seen in this table, values obtained by the apparatus ofthe invention are very close to those by the gas chromatography which has been recognised to be highly accurate. Whiletheformer, however,takes only 5 minutes orso per sample on the average to be determined, the latter needs about 25 minutes, andthusthe advantage in economical efficiency ofthe invention is distinct.
Example 2 Asample is prepared by adding both dimethyl sulphide as a sulphide-type odorant in amount 10 mg/Nm3, andtert-butyl mercaptan as nonsulphide-type odorant in amount 5 mg/Nm3to natural gas. The sample is introduced into 0.02 g/ml iodine solution in iso-octane at a rate of 1 litre/min for 5 minutes to make dimethyl sulphide form its complex with iodine. Using the apparatus ofthe invention, a value of 10.3 mg/Nm3 is obtained for the concentration of dimethyl sulphide.
On the other hand, values obtained forthe same sample using a gas chromatography attached to aflame photometric detector are 10.2 mg/Nm3fordimethyl sulphide, and 5.1 mg/Nm3fortert-butyl mercaptan, respectively.
Example 3
After 15 litres of a sample gas containing a certain amount of monoethylene glycol has been introduced into a cell which has been filled with 30 ml of an absorbing liquid art a rate of 1 litre min, 3 ml I ml of40%cerium- ammonium nitrate solution in 2M HNO3 as a color-producing reagent is poured into the cell, and agitated to mixthem togetherwell with the absorbing liquid. Subsequently the absorbances ofthe mixture for both an analytical visible light beam of 490 nm wavelength, and a reference visible light beam of 780 nm wavelength, are measured by the apparatus ofthe invention taking about 15 minutes. The concentration values obtained deviate by only 2 to 4% from those by gas chromatography.
Thus, the measuring method and apparatus ofthe invention is found very useful in practice for quickly and exactly determining the concentration of a sulphide-type odorant or monoethylene glycol as a leak prevent ativeagentintown or natural gas.
Claims (4)
1. A method of measuring the concentration of a minor ingredient in a gas, comprising forming a solution of said minor ingredient in an absorbing liquid; projecting into the solution both a light beam of specified wavelength that is relatively well absorbed by said minor ingredient and a light beam of specifiedwavelength that is scarcely absorbed by said minor ingredient; measuring the transmittances; and determining the concentration of said minor ingredient in the gas from said difference.
2. A method as in Claim 1,wherein said minor ingredient issulphide-type odorantwhich is caused to be absorbed by said absorbing liquid by forming a complexwith iodine that has been dissolved in said absorbing liquid, said light beams are ultra-violet light, said relatively well absorbed light beam has a wavelength of 300 to 310 nm, and said scarcely absorbed light beam has a wavelength of 390 to 400 nm.
3. A method as in Claim 1,wherein said minor ingredient is monoethylene glycol which is absorbed in deionized or distilled water, said light beams are visible light, said relatively well absorbed light beam has a wavelength of 480 two 550 nm; and said scarcely absorbed light beam has awavelength of 770 to 790 nm.
4. Apparatus for measuring the concentration of a minor ingredient in a gas, comprising a cell of a concentration-measuring meter containing an absorbing liquid, which is adjustable so as to predetermine the concentration of a given amount ofthe sampled gas absorbed therein; means for instantaneously projecting through the cell a light beam; means for simultaneously measuring transmittance through said solution of both a specified wavelength that is relativelywell absorbed by said minor ingredient and a specified-wavelength that is scarcely absorbed by said minor ingredient; and means for calculating and displaying the concentration of said minor ingredient in the gas on the basis of the difference between said transmittances.
4. Apparatus for measuring a minor ingredient in a gas, comprising a cell of a concentration-measuring metercontaining an absorbing liquid, which is adjustable so asto predetermine the concentration of a given amountofthe sampled gas absorbed therein; meansforprojectingthrough the cell both a light beam of specified wavelength that is relatively well absorbed by said minor ingredient and a light beam of specifiedwavelength that is scarcely absorbed by said minor ingredient; means for measuring transmittances of said
respective light beams through said absorbing liquid in said cell; and meansforcalculating and displaying the concentration of said minor ingredient in the gas on the basis ofthe difference between saidtrans
mittances.
5. A method of measuring the concentration of a minor ingredient in a gas as in any one of Claim 1 to3
and substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to Figure 4 of the accompanying drawings.
6. Apparatus for measuring the concentration of a minor ingredient in a gas as in Claim 4 and substanti
ally as hereinbefore described with reference to Figure 4ofthe accompanying drawings.
Amendments to the claims have been filed, and havethefollowing effect: (a) Claims 1,3 and 4 above have been deleted ortextuallyamended.
(b) Newortextually amended claims have been filed asfollows:
1. A method of measuring the concentration of a minor ingredient in a gas, comprising forming a solution of said minor ingredient in an absorbing liquid; instantaneously projecting into the solution a light beam; simultaneously measuring the transmittances through said solution of both a specified wavelength that is relatively well absorbed by said minor ingredient and a specified wavelength that is scarcely absorbed by said minor ingredient; and determining the concentration of said minor ingredient in the gas from the difference between said transm itta nces.
3. A method as claimed in Claim 1, wherein said minor ingredient is monoethylene glycol complex which is absorbed in deionized or distilled water, said light beams are visible light, said relativelywell absorbed light beam has a wavelength of 480 to 550 nm; and said scarcely absorbed light beam has a wavelength of 770to790nm.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19853544644 DE3544644A1 (en) | 1985-12-17 | 1985-12-17 | METHOD FOR MEASURING THE CONCENTRATION OF A LOW QUANTITY OF ADDITIVE INCLUDED IN CITY GAS, AND DEVICE FOR CARRYING OUT THIS METHOD |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB8530850D0 GB8530850D0 (en) | 1986-01-22 |
| GB2184230A true GB2184230A (en) | 1987-06-17 |
| GB2184230B GB2184230B (en) | 1989-08-23 |
Family
ID=6288674
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB8530850A Expired GB2184230B (en) | 1985-12-17 | 1985-12-14 | Method of measuring minor ingredient of gas and apparatus therefor |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE3544644A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2184230B (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP3901604A1 (en) | 2020-04-23 | 2021-10-27 | IFP Energies nouvelles | System and method for monitoring gas leaks by means of an optical measurement |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB945146A (en) * | 1959-03-20 | 1963-12-23 | Kurt Ladendorf | A method of and apparatus for estimating a trace gas in a carrier gas |
| GB1215311A (en) * | 1967-11-01 | 1970-12-09 | Howard Grubb Parsons & Company | Improvements in and relating to gas and liquid analysers |
| GB1320966A (en) * | 1969-11-03 | 1973-06-20 | Lindberg A R | Method of and apparatus for determining colourimetric concentrations |
| GB1376246A (en) * | 1971-03-23 | 1974-12-04 | Siemens Ag | Determining the oxygen content of blood |
| GB1426005A (en) * | 1972-09-21 | 1976-02-25 | Baxter Laboratories Inc | Dual wavelength photometer for absorbance difference measurements |
| GB1512002A (en) * | 1975-04-22 | 1978-05-24 | British Steel Corp | Gas monitors |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3024847A1 (en) * | 1980-07-01 | 1982-02-11 | Bayer Ag, 5090 Leverkusen | DEVICE FOR THE COLORIMETRIC MEASUREMENT OF GAS TRACKS |
-
1985
- 1985-12-14 GB GB8530850A patent/GB2184230B/en not_active Expired
- 1985-12-17 DE DE19853544644 patent/DE3544644A1/en active Granted
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB945146A (en) * | 1959-03-20 | 1963-12-23 | Kurt Ladendorf | A method of and apparatus for estimating a trace gas in a carrier gas |
| GB1215311A (en) * | 1967-11-01 | 1970-12-09 | Howard Grubb Parsons & Company | Improvements in and relating to gas and liquid analysers |
| GB1320966A (en) * | 1969-11-03 | 1973-06-20 | Lindberg A R | Method of and apparatus for determining colourimetric concentrations |
| GB1376246A (en) * | 1971-03-23 | 1974-12-04 | Siemens Ag | Determining the oxygen content of blood |
| GB1426005A (en) * | 1972-09-21 | 1976-02-25 | Baxter Laboratories Inc | Dual wavelength photometer for absorbance difference measurements |
| GB1512002A (en) * | 1975-04-22 | 1978-05-24 | British Steel Corp | Gas monitors |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP3901604A1 (en) | 2020-04-23 | 2021-10-27 | IFP Energies nouvelles | System and method for monitoring gas leaks by means of an optical measurement |
| FR3109633A1 (en) | 2020-04-23 | 2021-10-29 | IFP Energies Nouvelles | SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR MONITORING GAS LEAKS BY MEANS OF OPTICAL MEASUREMENT |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE3544644A1 (en) | 1987-06-19 |
| DE3544644C2 (en) | 1988-10-27 |
| GB2184230B (en) | 1989-08-23 |
| GB8530850D0 (en) | 1986-01-22 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 19931214 |