GB2174020A - Magnetic separation - Google Patents
Magnetic separation Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2174020A GB2174020A GB08505948A GB8505948A GB2174020A GB 2174020 A GB2174020 A GB 2174020A GB 08505948 A GB08505948 A GB 08505948A GB 8505948 A GB8505948 A GB 8505948A GB 2174020 A GB2174020 A GB 2174020A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- magnetic
- coils
- particles
- magnetic particles
- separator
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 238000007885 magnetic separation Methods 0.000 title description 5
- 230000005291 magnetic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000006249 magnetic particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000006148 magnetic separator Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000005294 ferromagnetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C1/00—Magnetic separation
- B03C1/02—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated
- B03C1/035—Open gradient magnetic separators, i.e. separators in which the gap is unobstructed, characterised by the configuration of the gap
Abstract
A feed of material 3, comprising weakly magnetic and non-magnetic particles, falls under gravity through a high magnetic field gradient created by a pair of oppositely energised superconducting coils 7,8. The weakly magnetic particles in the feed are deflected radially towards the coils and are separated from the non-magnetic particles which fall vertically without deflection. An adjustable throat 4 is provided on the hopper 2. In another embodiment (Fig. 2), the material falls under gravity around the outside of the coils. The optimum ratios of inner and outer radii of the coils, their height and separation are given. <IMAGE>
Description
SPECIFICATION
Improvements in and relating to magnetic separation
The present invention relates to magneticseparation and in particularto open gradient magnetic separators.
It is known to effectthe separation of magentic materials from non-magnetic materials by means of magnetism. As an example mention can be made of the purification of iron ore to separate the ferromagnetic and non-ferromagneticconstituents. However difficulties can arise in the magnetic separation of weakly magnetic particles from non-magnetic particles on a large scale industrial process.
According to the present invention there is provided an open gradient magnetic separatorforthe separation of weakly magnetic particles from non-magnetic particles in a material supply, the separator comprising means for directing a flow ofthe material to fall under gravity between or about a pair of oppositely energised horizontal superconducting solenoid coils, the coils being spaced apart and arranged whereby overa region therebetween the magnetic density is a maximum.
The invention will be described further, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings; in which: Figure lisa diagrammatic representation of a first embodiment of an open gradient magnetic separator;
Figure 2 is a diagrammatic representation of a second embodiment of an open gradient magnetic separator; and
Figure 3 is a schematic view ofthe arrangement of magnetic coils aboutthe axial and radial centre lines ofthe separator in Fig. 1 or Fig. 2.
With reference to Fig. lan open gradient magnetic separator comprises a steel vessel 1 having a hopper2 from which a feed material 3 can fall under gravity into the vessel 1. The hopper 2 is provided with an adjustable throat 4 whereby to selectively control the rate of flow of material into the vessel. A conical deflector5 is positioned symmetrically on the centre line ofthe vessel 1 such that material falling into the vessel from the hopper is deflected substantially uniformlytowardsthesidewall orwallsofthevessel.
The vessel 1 is surrounded by two horizontally mounted superconducting solenoid coils 7 and 8 which are symmetrically position above and below the transverse centre line ofthe vessel. The coils 7 and 8 are energised such that current in the coils flows in opposite directions. By energising the coils in opposite direction a high magnetic field gradient is obtained throughout the central region of the separatorin which the opposing magneticfields cross. The magnetic field strength is maximised by appropriate selection ofthe dimensions ofthe coils 7 and 8. Thus high values of both the magnetic field and themagnetic gradient are obtained over the central
region.
Asplitter9, adjustable both in heightand radius, is
located within the lower region of the vessel 1.
Fig. 2 differs from Fig. 1 inthatthefeed material is directed outside upper and lower horizontally mounted coils 10 and 11 respectively. As before the coils 10 and 11 are symmetrically positioned relative to the axial and transverse axes of the separator. For convenience a substantially uniform distribution of feed material is obtained aboutthe coils by means of a frusto-conical deflector 12 positioned beneath a plur ality offeed hoppers 13. A splitter 14, again adjustable both in height and radius, is located outsidethecoils andwithinanouterwall 15.
The feed material comprises a mixture of weakly magnetic particles and non-magnetic particles. The performance of the separator can be optimised by maximising the values ofthe magnetic field and the magnetic gradient overthe central region of the separator.
In operation and with reference to Fig. 1, feed particles in the hopper 2 fall under gravity on to the conical deflector 5. The deflector 5 forms a curtain of particles which fall through the interiorofthe coils 8.
Duetothe oppositeenergisation ofthecoilsthe magnetic gradient is a maximum at the central region.
As a resultthe magnetic particles in the feed experience a radial force in a direction towards the coils and are attracted to fall through an annular outer zone within the separator. The non-magnetic particles being unaffected fall vertically through the vessel from the deflector and are not attracted towards the coils. The splitter 9 within the vessel below the central region provides an annular outer channel 16forthe weakly magnetic particles and a central passage 17 for the non-magnetic particles.
The separator functions by utilising a magnetic traction force to extract or divert magnetic particles from a flow of magnetic and non-magnetic particles.
This depends on the magnetic force density experienced bythe particles in a separating zone and the magnetic force density is proportional to the product of the magnetic field strength and the magnetic gradient acrossthe separating zone. The performance ofthe separator is enhanced by maximising the product ofthe magnetic field and the magnetic gradient and extensive analysis of many different coil configurations and separator geometries has demonstrated the superiority ofthe following relationships.
1. For a predetermined radius ofseparatorvessel, the inner and outer radii of the coils, the extent ofthe coils and the distance between the coils is an optimum when at ratios indicated below. Reference is made to
Fig. 3foridentification ofthe dimensions.
Ratio of Dimensions
Outer radius | 1.38 x Inner radius Extent of Coil 0.63 x Inner radius Start of Coil 0.25 x Inner radius 2. Forthe optimum configuration of the coils and a given feed material the radial distance between the edge of the deflector and the splitter is chosen such that the magnetic separation is independent of particle size.
Claims (6)
1. An open gradient magnetic separatorforthe separation of weakly magnetic particles from nonmagnetic particles in a material supply comprising meansfor directing a flow ofthe material to fall under gravity tb rough a magnetic field created by a pair of oppositely energised superconducting coils, the coils being substantially co-axial and spaced apart such that over a region therebetween the magnetic density is a maximum.
2. Amagneticseparator as claimed in claim 1 in which the directing means comprises a deflector positioned and arrangedto permitthe supply mate rialtofallthrough the coils.
3. A magnetic separator as claimed in claim 1 in which the directing means comprises a deflector positioned and arranged to permitthesupplymate- rial to fall aboutthe coils.
4. A magnetic separator as claimed in claim 2 or 3 including means arranged at a position belowthe region of maximum magnetic density defining re spective flow paths for the separated weakly magnetic and non-magnetic particles.
5. A magneticseparatoras claimed in claim 4in which the flow path means is axially and radiaily adjustable.
6. An open gradient magnetic separator substantially as herein described with reference to and as illustrated in Figures 1 or 2 ofthe accompanying drawings.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB08505948A GB2174020A (en) | 1985-03-07 | 1985-03-07 | Magnetic separation |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB08505948A GB2174020A (en) | 1985-03-07 | 1985-03-07 | Magnetic separation |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
GB8505948D0 GB8505948D0 (en) | 1985-04-11 |
GB2174020A true GB2174020A (en) | 1986-10-29 |
Family
ID=10575621
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
GB08505948A Withdrawn GB2174020A (en) | 1985-03-07 | 1985-03-07 | Magnetic separation |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
GB (1) | GB2174020A (en) |
Cited By (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1990004458A1 (en) * | 1988-10-25 | 1990-05-03 | Elin Energieanwendung Gesellschaft M.B.H. | An open-gradient magnetic separator |
RU2452582C1 (en) * | 2010-12-03 | 2012-06-10 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Научно-технический центр Реал тоталь" | Method of generating travelling magnetic field in electrodynamic separator working zone and device to this end |
CN105097179A (en) * | 2014-05-07 | 2015-11-25 | 中国科学院高能物理研究所 | Superconducting magnet apparatus capable of providing high-intensity magnetic fields and high magnetic field gradients |
CN105268546A (en) * | 2014-05-27 | 2016-01-27 | 广州金南磁塑有限公司 | Material sorting method |
CN105689124A (en) * | 2014-11-25 | 2016-06-22 | 天津市爱德恒业科技发展有限公司 | Pipeline type push rod structure magnetic metal removal apparatus |
CN105689125A (en) * | 2014-11-25 | 2016-06-22 | 天津市爱德恒业科技发展有限公司 | Pipeline type helical structure magnetic metal removal apparatus |
WO2017005190A1 (en) * | 2015-07-07 | 2017-01-12 | 陈勇 | Magnetite separation apparatus by means of ultrahigh magnetic field |
CN107597418A (en) * | 2017-10-16 | 2018-01-19 | 镇江远大传动机械有限公司 | A kind of device for iron removaling |
CN107716098A (en) * | 2017-10-16 | 2018-02-23 | 镇江远大传动机械有限公司 | A kind of feed mechanism in device for iron removaling |
CN107755085A (en) * | 2017-10-16 | 2018-03-06 | 镇江远大传动机械有限公司 | A kind of tramp iron separator |
CN108136410A (en) * | 2016-03-24 | 2018-06-08 | 陈勇 | A kind of superelevation magnetic concentration device of magnetic iron ore |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3503504A (en) * | 1968-08-05 | 1970-03-31 | Air Reduction | Superconductive magnetic separator |
GB1572722A (en) * | 1978-02-28 | 1980-08-06 | Int Research & Dev Co Ltd | Magnetic separator |
GB2064377A (en) * | 1979-10-12 | 1981-06-17 | Imperial College | Magnetic separators |
-
1985
- 1985-03-07 GB GB08505948A patent/GB2174020A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3503504A (en) * | 1968-08-05 | 1970-03-31 | Air Reduction | Superconductive magnetic separator |
GB1572722A (en) * | 1978-02-28 | 1980-08-06 | Int Research & Dev Co Ltd | Magnetic separator |
GB2064377A (en) * | 1979-10-12 | 1981-06-17 | Imperial College | Magnetic separators |
Cited By (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1990004458A1 (en) * | 1988-10-25 | 1990-05-03 | Elin Energieanwendung Gesellschaft M.B.H. | An open-gradient magnetic separator |
RU2452582C1 (en) * | 2010-12-03 | 2012-06-10 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Научно-технический центр Реал тоталь" | Method of generating travelling magnetic field in electrodynamic separator working zone and device to this end |
CN105097179A (en) * | 2014-05-07 | 2015-11-25 | 中国科学院高能物理研究所 | Superconducting magnet apparatus capable of providing high-intensity magnetic fields and high magnetic field gradients |
CN105268546A (en) * | 2014-05-27 | 2016-01-27 | 广州金南磁塑有限公司 | Material sorting method |
CN105689124A (en) * | 2014-11-25 | 2016-06-22 | 天津市爱德恒业科技发展有限公司 | Pipeline type push rod structure magnetic metal removal apparatus |
CN105689125A (en) * | 2014-11-25 | 2016-06-22 | 天津市爱德恒业科技发展有限公司 | Pipeline type helical structure magnetic metal removal apparatus |
CN105689124B (en) * | 2014-11-25 | 2018-12-21 | 江苏润广环保科技有限公司 | A kind of duct type pusher structure removes magnetic metal device |
WO2017005190A1 (en) * | 2015-07-07 | 2017-01-12 | 陈勇 | Magnetite separation apparatus by means of ultrahigh magnetic field |
CN108136410A (en) * | 2016-03-24 | 2018-06-08 | 陈勇 | A kind of superelevation magnetic concentration device of magnetic iron ore |
CN107597418A (en) * | 2017-10-16 | 2018-01-19 | 镇江远大传动机械有限公司 | A kind of device for iron removaling |
CN107716098A (en) * | 2017-10-16 | 2018-02-23 | 镇江远大传动机械有限公司 | A kind of feed mechanism in device for iron removaling |
CN107755085A (en) * | 2017-10-16 | 2018-03-06 | 镇江远大传动机械有限公司 | A kind of tramp iron separator |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB8505948D0 (en) | 1985-04-11 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
WAP | Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1) |