GB2173276A - Exploding bonding pipe linings - Google Patents
Exploding bonding pipe linings Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2173276A GB2173276A GB08607723A GB8607723A GB2173276A GB 2173276 A GB2173276 A GB 2173276A GB 08607723 A GB08607723 A GB 08607723A GB 8607723 A GB8607723 A GB 8607723A GB 2173276 A GB2173276 A GB 2173276A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- liner
- pipe
- hollow member
- lining
- lead
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229910000978 Pb alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008246 gaseous mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D39/00—Application of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by plating; Tube expanders
- B21D39/04—Application of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by plating; Tube expanders of tubes with tubes; of tubes with rods
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D26/00—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces
- B21D26/02—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure
- B21D26/06—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure by shock waves
- B21D26/08—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure by shock waves generated by explosives, e.g. chemical explosives
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B11/00—Connecting constructional elements or machine parts by sticking or pressing them together, e.g. cold pressure welding
- F16B11/006—Connecting constructional elements or machine parts by sticking or pressing them together, e.g. cold pressure welding by gluing
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
A method of lining a steel pipe wherein a lead liner is expanded into contact with an inner wall of the steel pipe by detonating an explosive mixture of oxygen and hydrogen gas inside the liner. An adhesive between the pipe and liner adhesively bonds the two components together. <IMAGE>
Description
SPECIFICATION
Method of and apparatus for lining a hollow member
This invention relates generally to the lining of a hollow member and is particularly concerned with the lining of tubular members such as pipes.
Steel pipes are widely used, in many applications, because of their inherent strength.
Steel is however not suitably corrosion resistant to certain materials and consequently steel pipes must be lined, for certain uses, to achieve satisfactory performance. For example a steel pipe may be lined with lead to provide a composite pipe of desired characteristics.
One technique known to the applicant is simply to insert a tubular preformed lead liner into a steel pipe. This type of construction does offer suitable anti-corrosion properties but it has certain drawbacks. For example if the interior of the pipe is subjected to vacuum then the lead liner can be buckled inwardly by the pressure exerted on the exterior of the liner by the air between the outer surface of the liner and the inner surface of the pipe.
Another drawback is that as the lead and steel are not in intimate contact the heat transfer capability of the composite pipe, from inside to outside or from outside to inside as the case may be, is not efficient.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a method of lining the interior of a hollow member. Although the method is particularly suited for lining the interior of a pipe it does however find application in other areas and consequently the scope of this specification is not to be restricted to pipe lining.
The invention provides a method of lining the interior of a hollow member which includes the steps of locating a preformed liner inside the hollow member, and expanding the liner into contact with the inner wall of the tubular member.
The liner may be expanded by means of a pressurised fluid located inside the liner. The fluid may be pressurised in any suitable way for example with the aid of pumps or the like.
The fluid may be gaseous or liquid.
According to a variation of the invention the liner is expanded by force generated through the combustion, ignition or detonation of a combustible or explosive material. For example use may be made of an explosive charge which is positioned in the interior of the liner and then detonated. In a preferred form of the invention use is made of an explosive gaseous mixture for example a mixture of hydrogen and oxygen which is caused to ignite or combust inside the liner under sealed conditions.
The method may include the step of locating an adhesive material between the inner surface of the hollow member and the outer surface of the liner. The adhesive intimately bonds these two surfaces together once the liner has been expanded.
The principles of the invention may be used with any suitable shape of tubular member but find particular application to the lining of a pipe. In this event the liner is preformed as a pipe with an outer diameter slightly less than the inner diameter of the pipe. The pipe itself may be made from any suitable material for example steel. The liner, for all applications, is also made of a suitable material for example as elastic or malleable material. The liner may be made from lead or from a lead alloy.
The invention is also intended to cover a pipe lined in accordance with the aforementioned method.
The invention further extends to a composite pipe which includes an outer pipe, an inner pipe, which is located inside the outer pipe, and adhesive means intimately bonding the outer surface of the inner pipe to the inner surface of the outer pipe.
The adhesive used may itself be heat conductive so that, according to the application, the composite pipe is highly heat conductive.
The invention is further described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
Figure 1 illustrates in radial cross-section a pipe which is being lined in accordance with the principles of the invention, and
Figure 2 shows the pipe of Fig. 1 in axial cross-section.
The drawings illustrate an outer steel pipe 10 which has an inner liner 12 of lead or lead alloy. Adhesive 14 covers the inner surface of the steel pipe and the outer surface of the lead liner.
In the construction of the composite pipe the outer steel pipe 10 is preformed and so is the inner lead liner 12. The liner and the inner surface of the pipe 10 are degreased. The lead liner has an outside diameter which is slightly less than the inner diameter of the steel pipe. The adhesive material 14, which is initially fluent, is applied to the inner surface of the steel pipe, or to the outer surface of the lead liner, or to both these surfaces.
Thereafter the liner is positioned inside the steel pipe.
Both ends of the liner are sealed off by means of plates 16 which are fixed to flanges on the pipe 10 to provide a gas tight enclosure. The interior of the liner is then purged of air and is filled by a mixture 18 of hydrogen and oxygen which is supplied from a source 20 through a suitable valve 22 which is mounted in a pipeline which extends through one of the plates 16. The hydrogen/oxygen mixture 18, which is explosive, is then ignited by means of a spark which is induced across two electrodes 24 which extend into the mixture, from the other plate 16. The electrodes 24 are conveniently provided by a suitable spark plug. The lead liner is thereby subjected to substantial radially outwardly directed pressure, indicated by arrows 26, and so is expanded outwardly into intimate contact with the inner wall of the steel pipe. The adhesive 14 then bonds the two components to one another.
The adhesive 14, which is fluent, assists in the expulsion of air from the lead/steel interface. Secondly the adhesive ensures that the lead liner remains bonded to the steel pipe even if the interior of the liner is subjected to vacuum pressure. A third aspect is that the adhesive may itself be made from a heat conductive material and this ensures a high efficiency of heat transfer from the interior of the liner to the exterior of the steel pipe, or in the reverse direction if required. The adhesive can be of any suitable kind and one which has been found to give satisfactory performance is that sold under the trade name MIDBOND by
Paragon Rubber.
The method of the invention can be used to line steel pipes over a wide range of diameters with a lead lining. The thickness of the lining can also be varied over a considerable range to suit the particular application. It has been found that pipes lined in accordance with the invention are able to withstand a full vacuum at temperatures of up to 150 C.
The invention has been described with reference to the use of an explosive mixture which expands the liner. As indicated an explosive charge could also be used to generate the desired expansive forces. Another possibility is to use a pressurized fluid which is pumped into the interior of the sealed liner and maintained under pressure by means of high pressure pumps. The arrangement, in this application, is similar to that shown in Fig. 2 where the reference 20 designates a high pressure pump. Obviously the electrodes 24 would not be required.
Claims (16)
1. A method of lining the interior of a hollow member which includes the steps of locating a preformed liner inside the hollow member, and expanding the liner into contact with the inner wall of the tubular member.
2. A method according to claim 1 which includes the step of locating an adhesive material between the inner surface of the hollow member and the outer surface of the liner, the adhesive bonding these two surfaces together once the liner has been expanded.
3. A method according to claim 1 or 2 wherein the liner is expanded by means of a
pressurised fluid located inside the liner.
4. A method according to claim 1 or 2 wherein the liner is expanded by detonation of an explosive material located inside the liner.
5. A method according to claim 4 which
includes the steps of sealing the liner to provide a substantially gas tight enclosure, introducing an explosive gas into the enclosure, and causing detonation of the explosive gas.
6. A method according to claim 5 wherein the explosive gas is a mixture of hydrogen and oxygen.
7. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 wherein the hollow member is made from steel and the liner is made from lead.
8. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 wherein the hollow member is an outer pipe and the liner is an inner pipe which is located inside the outer pipe.
9. A composite pipe which includes an outer pipe, an inner pipe, which is located inside the outer pipe, and adhesive means intimately bonding the outer surface of the inner pipe to the inner surface of the outer pipe.
10. A composite pipe according to claim 9 wherein the adhesive is heat conductive.
11. A composite pipe according to claim 9 or 10 in which the outer pipe is made from steel and the inner pipe is made from lead.
12. A hollow member which is lined by the method of any one of claims 1 to 9.
13. A method of lining a hollow member substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
14. A method of lining a hollow member substantially as hereinbefore described.
15. A method of lining a steel pipe with a lead liner substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
16. A composite pipe substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ZA852435 | 1985-04-01 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB8607723D0 GB8607723D0 (en) | 1986-04-30 |
| GB2173276A true GB2173276A (en) | 1986-10-08 |
Family
ID=25577831
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB08607723A Withdrawn GB2173276A (en) | 1985-04-01 | 1986-03-27 | Exploding bonding pipe linings |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE3610446A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2173276A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2256910A (en) * | 1991-05-24 | 1992-12-23 | Exploweld Ab | Mechanically joining an inner tube to an outer tube |
| EP0592068A1 (en) * | 1992-06-25 | 1994-04-13 | Peter A. Hochstein | Method and apparatus for making cam shafts |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102500680B (en) * | 2011-10-24 | 2013-12-11 | 中国石油天然气集团公司 | Oxygen enrichment and deflagration forming device of alloy steel composite pipe |
| CN116159715B (en) * | 2023-01-05 | 2023-11-14 | 民胜电气有限公司 | Gum dipping processing system in electric control box |
Citations (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB819618A (en) * | 1956-10-12 | 1959-09-09 | Mond Nickel Co Ltd | Improvements relating to tubing for oil and gas wells |
| GB1020912A (en) * | 1961-08-24 | 1966-02-23 | Foster Wheeler Ltd | Improvements in the manufacture of multi-layer vessels |
| GB1162916A (en) * | 1967-07-17 | 1969-09-04 | Gray Tool Co | Method and apparatus for lining tubular members |
| GB1220582A (en) * | 1967-04-21 | 1971-01-27 | Ici Ltd | Explosive working of metals |
| GB1539082A (en) * | 1976-05-26 | 1979-01-24 | Dnepropetrov Metal I | Manufacture of polymetallic pipes |
| US4158370A (en) * | 1978-06-09 | 1979-06-19 | The Babcock & Wilcox Company | Explosive activated plug |
| GB2032559A (en) * | 1978-10-04 | 1980-05-08 | Atomic Energy Authority Uk | Tube-in-shell heat exchangers |
| GB2058281A (en) * | 1979-09-07 | 1981-04-08 | Oakes Ltd E T | A method of lining a pipe |
| GB1588971A (en) * | 1977-07-18 | 1981-05-07 | Imi Yorkshire Imperial Ltd | Method of lining damaged internal tube surfaces |
| GB1594573A (en) * | 1976-11-05 | 1981-07-30 | Raychem Sa Nv | Sealing and insulating heat-recoverable article and method |
| GB2074691A (en) * | 1980-04-18 | 1981-11-04 | Coopetanche Sa | Process and installation for internally lining a conduit |
| GB2081630A (en) * | 1980-08-12 | 1982-02-24 | Invalidov Kh Aviat I Im E N Zh | Method, apparatus and gas gun for forming articles by impact load |
| EP0047407A1 (en) * | 1980-09-09 | 1982-03-17 | Westinghouse Electric Corporation | Sleeving method |
| GB2094435A (en) * | 1981-03-10 | 1982-09-15 | Nat Nuclear Corp Ltd | Repairing tubes |
| GB2136912A (en) * | 1983-03-16 | 1984-09-26 | Michael Francis Barry | Sealing pipes |
| EP0132950A1 (en) * | 1983-07-01 | 1985-02-13 | National Nuclear Corporation Limited | Heat exchange tube repairs |
-
1986
- 1986-03-27 DE DE19863610446 patent/DE3610446A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1986-03-27 GB GB08607723A patent/GB2173276A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB819618A (en) * | 1956-10-12 | 1959-09-09 | Mond Nickel Co Ltd | Improvements relating to tubing for oil and gas wells |
| GB1020912A (en) * | 1961-08-24 | 1966-02-23 | Foster Wheeler Ltd | Improvements in the manufacture of multi-layer vessels |
| GB1220582A (en) * | 1967-04-21 | 1971-01-27 | Ici Ltd | Explosive working of metals |
| GB1162916A (en) * | 1967-07-17 | 1969-09-04 | Gray Tool Co | Method and apparatus for lining tubular members |
| GB1539082A (en) * | 1976-05-26 | 1979-01-24 | Dnepropetrov Metal I | Manufacture of polymetallic pipes |
| GB1594573A (en) * | 1976-11-05 | 1981-07-30 | Raychem Sa Nv | Sealing and insulating heat-recoverable article and method |
| GB1588971A (en) * | 1977-07-18 | 1981-05-07 | Imi Yorkshire Imperial Ltd | Method of lining damaged internal tube surfaces |
| US4158370A (en) * | 1978-06-09 | 1979-06-19 | The Babcock & Wilcox Company | Explosive activated plug |
| GB2032559A (en) * | 1978-10-04 | 1980-05-08 | Atomic Energy Authority Uk | Tube-in-shell heat exchangers |
| GB2058281A (en) * | 1979-09-07 | 1981-04-08 | Oakes Ltd E T | A method of lining a pipe |
| GB2074691A (en) * | 1980-04-18 | 1981-11-04 | Coopetanche Sa | Process and installation for internally lining a conduit |
| GB2081630A (en) * | 1980-08-12 | 1982-02-24 | Invalidov Kh Aviat I Im E N Zh | Method, apparatus and gas gun for forming articles by impact load |
| EP0047407A1 (en) * | 1980-09-09 | 1982-03-17 | Westinghouse Electric Corporation | Sleeving method |
| GB2094435A (en) * | 1981-03-10 | 1982-09-15 | Nat Nuclear Corp Ltd | Repairing tubes |
| GB2136912A (en) * | 1983-03-16 | 1984-09-26 | Michael Francis Barry | Sealing pipes |
| EP0132950A1 (en) * | 1983-07-01 | 1985-02-13 | National Nuclear Corporation Limited | Heat exchange tube repairs |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2256910A (en) * | 1991-05-24 | 1992-12-23 | Exploweld Ab | Mechanically joining an inner tube to an outer tube |
| EP0592068A1 (en) * | 1992-06-25 | 1994-04-13 | Peter A. Hochstein | Method and apparatus for making cam shafts |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE3610446A1 (en) | 1986-10-02 |
| GB8607723D0 (en) | 1986-04-30 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US4981250A (en) | Explosion-welded pipe joint | |
| JPS6364598B2 (en) | ||
| CA2963038C (en) | Cartridge casing | |
| KR910008234B1 (en) | Joint between two preferably metalic pipes and method of producting said joint | |
| US4494392A (en) | Apparatus for forming an explosively expanded tube-tube sheet joint including a low energy transfer cord and booster | |
| CN112502858A (en) | Gunpowder starter suitable for long-term storage | |
| GB2173276A (en) | Exploding bonding pipe linings | |
| US5479961A (en) | Method of plugging a heat exchanger tube and plug therefor | |
| FI59983C (en) | EN PAO ICKE-ELEKTRISK INSUFFICIENT BENDING PRESSURE CAPSULE | |
| JPS60249790A (en) | Means for splice-joining two pipe | |
| US2410047A (en) | Method of explosively blasting joints | |
| US4310183A (en) | Composite pipe coupling | |
| JPH0261356B2 (en) | ||
| US3605777A (en) | Closure mechanism | |
| US7484353B1 (en) | Rocket motor case using plank sections and methods of manufacturing | |
| US5665933A (en) | Device for cladding tubes by means of an explosive process | |
| US4860656A (en) | Joining metal tubes in a liquid environment | |
| US4021907A (en) | Method of sealing apertures in tube plates of heat exchangers using explosive plug | |
| KR950026612A (en) | Plug assembly for sealing leaking pipe of heat exchanger and sealing method using same | |
| US4587904A (en) | Debris free plug assembly for heat exchange tubes | |
| US4074630A (en) | Methods and plugs to seal apertures in tube plates of heat exchangers provided with tube plates which are locally sealed with these methods and such plates | |
| WO1987001428A1 (en) | Method for connecting together lengths of pipe in addition to join and lengths of pipe manufactured with said method | |
| JP2717505B2 (en) | Pipe joint structure | |
| EP0030119B1 (en) | Device and method for coupling pipes | |
| RU2189483C2 (en) | Solid-propellant rocket engine |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| WAP | Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1) |