GB2170137A - Improvements-in-hand-tools - Google Patents

Improvements-in-hand-tools Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2170137A
GB2170137A GB08502363A GB8502363A GB2170137A GB 2170137 A GB2170137 A GB 2170137A GB 08502363 A GB08502363 A GB 08502363A GB 8502363 A GB8502363 A GB 8502363A GB 2170137 A GB2170137 A GB 2170137A
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GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
rivet
aperture
members
pair
flared
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
GB08502363A
Other versions
GB8502363D0 (en
Inventor
Brian John Tipler
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Wilkinson Sword Ltd
Original Assignee
Wilkinson Sword Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Wilkinson Sword Ltd filed Critical Wilkinson Sword Ltd
Priority to GB08502363A priority Critical patent/GB2170137A/en
Publication of GB8502363D0 publication Critical patent/GB8502363D0/en
Publication of GB2170137A publication Critical patent/GB2170137A/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B7/00—Pliers; Other hand-held gripping tools with jaws on pivoted limbs; Details applicable generally to pivoted-limb hand tools
    • B25B7/06—Joints
    • B25B7/08—Joints with fixed fulcrum
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26B—HAND-HELD CUTTING TOOLS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B26B13/00—Hand shears; Scissors
    • B26B13/28—Joints

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Insertion Pins And Rivets (AREA)

Abstract

A hand tool formed by two pivoted members (10,11) e.g. scissors, has a pivot formed by a hollow rivet (12) which is rigidly secured within a first member (10) and is flared (Figure 3) to fit within a flared pivot aperture 11a in the second member (11). The rivet is flared by spinning. Shims can be fitted between the members prior to the spinning operation. <IMAGE>

Description

SPECIFICATION Improvements in hand tools This invention relates to hand tools comprising a pair of pivotally interconnected members, and more particularly to a method of pivotally interconnecting such members.
Hand tools which comprise a pair of pivotally interconnected members conventionally include a pivot nut and screw assembly or a rivet.
In scissors, with which the present invention is primarily concerned, it is conventional practice to fit the head of a rivet through an aperture in a first one of a pair of members, so that the head engages the first member, the second member of the pair is fitted over the rivet and the free end of the rivet is deformed to lock against the second member of the pair. The bearings surfaces of the scissors accordingly comprise the cylindrical surface of the rivet adjacent the head and the corresponding cylindrical surface of the aperture in the first member of the pair. Wear on these very limited surfaces will accordingly impare the operation of the scissors. Moreover, very accurate pressure has to be maintained between the parts during the deformation of the rivet to ensure correct pressure between the members of the completed scissors.
According to the present invention there is provided a hand tool comprising a pair of members having coaxial apertures therein and a pivot device extending through said apertures and holding the members together for relative pivotal movement, said device comprising a tubular rivet which extends through said apertures having a head in engagement with a first member of said pair and an outwardly flared tubular portion which engages an outwardly flared portion of the said aperture of the second member of said pair.
The present invention also, provides a method of assembly of a hand tool having a pair of members pivotally interconnected by a tubular rivet which comprises forming a pivot aperture in a first member of said pair, securing the head end of the rivet in said aperture so that a first portion of the rivet lies within the aperture and a second portion of the rivet projects from said first member perpendicularly thereto, forming a flared pivot aperture in the second member of the pair, fitting the second member over said second portion of the rivet so that the narrower end of the flared aperture lies adjacent the first member, and spinning said second portion of the rivet to expand and flare it to fit the flared aperture of the second member.
One embodiment of scissors in accordance with the invention will now be particularly described, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings in which: Figure 1 is a plan view of the scissors in an open position; Figure 2 is a section in a plane containing the pivot axis of the scissors, on an enlarged scale, illustrating one stage in assembly; and Figure 3 is a section on the line Ill-Ill of Figure 1 to the same enlarged scale.
As shown in the drawings, the scissors comprise a first member 10, a second member 11, which are interconnected by a hollow rivet 12.
At the outset, the rivet 12 is of right cylindrical tubular shape and is fitted to the first member 10 of the scissors. This can comprise either pre-forming a head 12a on the rivet which is then inserted into the pivot aperture 10a of the first member in an interference fit, or by taking a plane ended tubular rivet and upsetting it within the aperture 10a of the first member 10 to form a head 12a in situ.
In either case, the rivet when secured to the first member 10 will be as shown in Figure 2 and will have a first portion 12b adjacent the head 12a which is tightly secured within the first member and a second portion 12c projecting from the first member 10 and over which the pivot aperture 11a of the second member 11 is fitted as shown in Figure 2, with clearance between the second member and the rivet. The hollow form of the rivet permits it to be fitted on to a spigot or other support which assists in locating the scissors during assembly, in particular during automatic assembly.
The two members 10, 11 are then rigidly secured in this position and by means of a tool fitted into the second portion 12c of the rivet, this portion of the rivet is flared by relative spinning movement between the rivet and the tool until the rivet has been expanded to the shape shown in Figure 3.
It will be seen from Figure 3 that the bearing surface area between the rivet and the second member will be substantially greater than would be provided by an aperture having a diameter equal to the external diameter of the first portion 12b of the rivet.
Moreover, the operation of spinning the rivet can be closely adjusted to give the desired fit between the flared rivet and the aperture 11a.
If desired, one or more shims can be fitted between the two members 10, 11 prior to the spinning operation to give the desired freedom of movement of the second member relative to the rivet, these shims being removed subsequently.
Moreover, while the first and second members 10, 11 remain rigidly secured, the members can be bent to give them a desired set so that they engage one another correctly in the action of closing the scissors.
The hollow ends of the rivet can be closed by button shaped closure members to give a neat appearance and carry any required information. The space enclosed in this way within the hollow rivet can be used to contain lubricant, a suitable aperture or other leak path being provided to lead from the interior to the exterior of the rivet.
1. A hand tool comprising a pair of members having coaxial apertures therein and a pivot device extending through said apertures and holding the members together for relative pivotal movement, said device comprising a tubular rivet which extends through said apertures having a head and body in engagement with a first member of said
**WARNING** end of DESC field may overlap start of CLMS **.

Claims (4)

**WARNING** start of CLMS field may overlap end of DESC **. SPECIFICATION Improvements in hand tools This invention relates to hand tools comprising a pair of pivotally interconnected members, and more particularly to a method of pivotally interconnecting such members. Hand tools which comprise a pair of pivotally interconnected members conventionally include a pivot nut and screw assembly or a rivet. In scissors, with which the present invention is primarily concerned, it is conventional practice to fit the head of a rivet through an aperture in a first one of a pair of members, so that the head engages the first member, the second member of the pair is fitted over the rivet and the free end of the rivet is deformed to lock against the second member of the pair. The bearings surfaces of the scissors accordingly comprise the cylindrical surface of the rivet adjacent the head and the corresponding cylindrical surface of the aperture in the first member of the pair. Wear on these very limited surfaces will accordingly impare the operation of the scissors. Moreover, very accurate pressure has to be maintained between the parts during the deformation of the rivet to ensure correct pressure between the members of the completed scissors. According to the present invention there is provided a hand tool comprising a pair of members having coaxial apertures therein and a pivot device extending through said apertures and holding the members together for relative pivotal movement, said device comprising a tubular rivet which extends through said apertures having a head in engagement with a first member of said pair and an outwardly flared tubular portion which engages an outwardly flared portion of the said aperture of the second member of said pair. The present invention also, provides a method of assembly of a hand tool having a pair of members pivotally interconnected by a tubular rivet which comprises forming a pivot aperture in a first member of said pair, securing the head end of the rivet in said aperture so that a first portion of the rivet lies within the aperture and a second portion of the rivet projects from said first member perpendicularly thereto, forming a flared pivot aperture in the second member of the pair, fitting the second member over said second portion of the rivet so that the narrower end of the flared aperture lies adjacent the first member, and spinning said second portion of the rivet to expand and flare it to fit the flared aperture of the second member. One embodiment of scissors in accordance with the invention will now be particularly described, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings in which: Figure 1 is a plan view of the scissors in an open position; Figure 2 is a section in a plane containing the pivot axis of the scissors, on an enlarged scale, illustrating one stage in assembly; and Figure 3 is a section on the line Ill-Ill of Figure 1 to the same enlarged scale. As shown in the drawings, the scissors comprise a first member 10, a second member 11, which are interconnected by a hollow rivet 12. At the outset, the rivet 12 is of right cylindrical tubular shape and is fitted to the first member 10 of the scissors. This can comprise either pre-forming a head 12a on the rivet which is then inserted into the pivot aperture 10a of the first member in an interference fit, or by taking a plane ended tubular rivet and upsetting it within the aperture 10a of the first member 10 to form a head 12a in situ. In either case, the rivet when secured to the first member 10 will be as shown in Figure 2 and will have a first portion 12b adjacent the head 12a which is tightly secured within the first member and a second portion 12c projecting from the first member 10 and over which the pivot aperture 11a of the second member 11 is fitted as shown in Figure 2, with clearance between the second member and the rivet. The hollow form of the rivet permits it to be fitted on to a spigot or other support which assists in locating the scissors during assembly, in particular during automatic assembly. The two members 10, 11 are then rigidly secured in this position and by means of a tool fitted into the second portion 12c of the rivet, this portion of the rivet is flared by relative spinning movement between the rivet and the tool until the rivet has been expanded to the shape shown in Figure 3. It will be seen from Figure 3 that the bearing surface area between the rivet and the second member will be substantially greater than would be provided by an aperture having a diameter equal to the external diameter of the first portion 12b of the rivet. Moreover, the operation of spinning the rivet can be closely adjusted to give the desired fit between the flared rivet and the aperture 11a. If desired, one or more shims can be fitted between the two members 10, 11 prior to the spinning operation to give the desired freedom of movement of the second member relative to the rivet, these shims being removed subsequently. Moreover, while the first and second members 10, 11 remain rigidly secured, the members can be bent to give them a desired set so that they engage one another correctly in the action of closing the scissors. The hollow ends of the rivet can be closed by button shaped closure members to give a neat appearance and carry any required information. The space enclosed in this way within the hollow rivet can be used to contain lubricant, a suitable aperture or other leak path being provided to lead from the interior to the exterior of the rivet. CLAIMS
1. A hand tool comprising a pair of members having coaxial apertures therein and a pivot device extending through said apertures and holding the members together for relative pivotal movement, said device comprising a tubular rivet which extends through said apertures having a head and body in engagement with a first member of said pair and an outwardly flared tubular portion of said body which engages an outwardly flared portion of the said aperture of the second member of said pair.
2. A hand tool according to claim 1 wherein the tubular portion of the rivet located within the aperture in said second member has been flared in situ into engagement with the flared portion of said aperture.
3. A method of assembly of a hand tool having a pair of members pivotally interconnected by a tubular rivet which comprises forming a pivot aperture in a first member of said pair, securing the head end and body of the rivet in said aperture so that a first portion of the rivet lies within the aperture and a second portion of the rivet projects from said first member, forming a flared pivot aperture in the second member of the pair, fitting the second member over said second portion of the rivet so that the narrower end of the flared aperture lies adjacent the first member, and spinning said second portion of the rivet to expand and flare it to fit the flared aperture of the second member
4. A hand tool according to any preceding claim wherein the outwardly-flared portion of said aperture of the second member extends over more than half the total surface area of the apertures.
4. A method according to claim 3 which is performed when the members are disposed in a scissors-open position.
5. A method according to claim 3 or claim 4 which includes fitting one or more shims between the members prior to flaring the rivet.
6. A method according to claim 5 which comprises rigidly securing said members prior to fitting the rivet and, while the members are so secured, bending the members to give them a desired set prior to moving the members to a scissors-closed position.
7. A method of assembling a hand tool, the method being substantially as described herein.
8. A hand tool which has been produced by the method according to any one of claims 3 to 7.
Amendments to the claims have been filed, and have the following effect: (a) Claim 1 above has been deleted or textually amended.
(b) New or textually amended claims have been filed as follows: (c) Claims 3 to 8 above have been re-numbered as 5 to 10 and their appendancies corrected.
1. A hand tool comprising a pair of members having coaxial apertures therein and a pivot device extending through said apertures and holding the members together for relative pivotal movement, said device comprising a tubular rivet which extends through said apertures having a head and body in engagement with a first member of said pair and an outwardly flared funnel-shaped tubular portion of said body which slidingly engages an outwardly flared portion of the said aperture of the second member of said pair.
3. A hand tool according to claim 1 or claim 2 wherein the head of the tubular rivet comprises an outwardly flared funnel-shaped tubular portion corresponding to the funnel-shaped tubular portion of the body.
GB08502363A 1985-01-30 1985-01-30 Improvements-in-hand-tools Withdrawn GB2170137A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB08502363A GB2170137A (en) 1985-01-30 1985-01-30 Improvements-in-hand-tools

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB08502363A GB2170137A (en) 1985-01-30 1985-01-30 Improvements-in-hand-tools

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB8502363D0 GB8502363D0 (en) 1985-02-27
GB2170137A true GB2170137A (en) 1986-07-30

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2809045A1 (en) * 2000-05-18 2001-11-23 Sam Outil Pivot for sheet metal clamp has tubular collar with periphery shaped to fit seating in metal sheet
EP1714752A1 (en) * 2005-04-22 2006-10-25 Consorzio Premax Scissors
WO2007082560A1 (en) * 2006-01-23 2007-07-26 Consorzio Premax Scissors with improved riveted closing system

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB261856A (en) * 1925-08-31 1926-11-30 Verena Winifred Holmes Improvements in scissors, and like tools comprising two leg members pivotally connected
GB550626A (en) * 1941-09-17 1943-01-18 William Whiteley & Sons Sheffi Improvements connected with scissors or shears, more particularly pinking scissors or shears

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB261856A (en) * 1925-08-31 1926-11-30 Verena Winifred Holmes Improvements in scissors, and like tools comprising two leg members pivotally connected
GB550626A (en) * 1941-09-17 1943-01-18 William Whiteley & Sons Sheffi Improvements connected with scissors or shears, more particularly pinking scissors or shears

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2809045A1 (en) * 2000-05-18 2001-11-23 Sam Outil Pivot for sheet metal clamp has tubular collar with periphery shaped to fit seating in metal sheet
EP1714752A1 (en) * 2005-04-22 2006-10-25 Consorzio Premax Scissors
WO2006111383A1 (en) * 2005-04-22 2006-10-26 Consorzio Premax Scissors
WO2007082560A1 (en) * 2006-01-23 2007-07-26 Consorzio Premax Scissors with improved riveted closing system
US7454838B2 (en) 2006-01-23 2008-11-25 Consorzio Premax Scissors with improved riveted closing system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB8502363D0 (en) 1985-02-27

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