GB2161906A - Thermal insulators - Google Patents
Thermal insulators Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2161906A GB2161906A GB08414346A GB8414346A GB2161906A GB 2161906 A GB2161906 A GB 2161906A GB 08414346 A GB08414346 A GB 08414346A GB 8414346 A GB8414346 A GB 8414346A GB 2161906 A GB2161906 A GB 2161906A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- microporous
- refractory
- opacified
- rigid
- vacuum
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 title description 4
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000004965 Silica aerogel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007900 aqueous suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007666 vacuum forming Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011796 hollow space material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011214 refractory ceramic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011152 fibreglass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012229 microporous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001473 noxious effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003605 opacifier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035943 smell Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L59/00—Thermal insulation in general
- F16L59/04—Arrangements using dry fillers, e.g. using slag wool which is added to the object to be insulated by pouring, spreading, spraying or the like
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B30/00—Compositions for artificial stone, not containing binders
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
- E04B1/78—Heat insulating elements
- E04B1/80—Heat insulating elements slab-shaped
- E04B1/803—Heat insulating elements slab-shaped with vacuum spaces included in the slab
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00612—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 as one or more layers of a layered structure
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/24—Structural elements or technologies for improving thermal insulation
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/24—Structural elements or technologies for improving thermal insulation
- Y02A30/242—Slab shaped vacuum insulation
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B80/00—Architectural or constructional elements improving the thermal performance of buildings
- Y02B80/10—Insulation, e.g. vacuum or aerogel insulation
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Insulation (AREA)
Abstract
A thermal insulating panel (1) consisting of an opacified microporous refractory insulating material (2) housed in a rigid refractory fibre casing (3); the insulating material may be in the form of a board of reinforced, opacified microporous silica aerogel and the casing may be of a vacuum cast ceramic fibre or of an impregnated blanket of ceramic fibre. The panel may be made by placing a layer (1) of an opacified microporous refractory insulating material on a vacuum formed sheet (4) of wet refractory fibre, covering the microporous insulating layer with a second vacuum-formed sheet (6), joining the edges (5) and (7) of the first and second sheets one to the other and then drying the thus- formed composite to produce a rigid casing (3) housing the microporous insulating material. In an alternative method a container (8) is vacuum-formed from wet refractory fibre, the hollow space (9) in the container is filled with opacified microporous refractory material, the open end (10) of the container is closed, and the container dried to form a rigid casing. <IMAGE>
Description
SPECIFICATION
Thermal insulators
This invention relates to thermal insulators and particularly to rigid thermal insulating panels which may, for example, be used to insulate night storage heaters.
One of the best known insulating materials are the opacified microporous silica refractory materials described, for example, in United
States Patent Specification Nos. 2808338, 2811457 and 3055831; all assigned to
Johns-Manville Corporation. These materials rely on the inclusion of staple reinforcing fibres to give a measure of strength. However, such materials are still very friable and brittle.
It has been proposed to render opacified microporous silica refractory material more useful by containing them in, for example, a fibre glass bag. United Kingdom Patent Specification No. 1247674 (Micropore Insulation
Limited) discloses a bag of fibre-glass cloth forming a porous envelope which is packed with a semi-rigid sheet of silica aerogel and opacifier. United Kingdom Patent Specification No. 1350661 (Micropore International
Limited) discloses a semi-rigid thermal insulation panel in the form of a block of consolidated dry particulate insulating material incorporated with an outer porous envelope in the form of a cloth bag.
In contradistinction to the above described thermal insulators which are, at best, structurally weak and/or semi-rigid, it is an object of the present invention to provide a structurally strong and rigid thermal insulating panel using opacified, microporous refractory materiais.
According to present invention, a thermal insulating panel consists of an opacified microporous refractory insulating material housed in a rigid refractory fibre casing.
Preferably, the microporous insulating material is in the form of a board of reinforced, opacified microporous silica aerogel and the casing is of vacuum-cast ceramic fibre or of an impregated blanket of ceramic fibre.
Also acccording to the present invention, a method of making a rigid thermal insulating panel comprises placing a layer of an opacified microporous, refractory, insulating material on a vacuum-formed sheet of wet refractory fibre, covering the microporous insulating layer with a second vacuum-formed sheet of wet refractory fibre, joining the edges of the first and second sheets one to the other and then drying thus formed composite to produce a rigid casing housing the microporous insulating material.
In an embodiment of the invention, the microporous insulating material is a board of reinforced, opacified microporous silica aerogel.
In another embodiment, a vacuum-formed container of wet refractory fibre is filled with opacified microporous insulating material, the container is then closed and is then dried to form the rigid casing.
In a further embodiment, the casing is formed by vacuum-casting a slurry of a ceramic fibre in a water suspension with a silica binder and with or without an organic binder.
The invention is illustrated, for example, in the Drawing, wherein:
Figure 1 is a section of a rigid thermal insulating panel in accordance with one embodiment of the invention; and
Figure 2 is a perspective view of a wet, unfilled container for a second embodiment of the invention.
As shown by Fig. 1, a rigid thermal insulating panel 1 consists of a rectangular board 2 of a commercially obtained, fibre-reinforced, opacified microporous silica aerogel refractory insulating material such as "MIN-K" (Trade
Mark) produced by Johns-Manville Corporation or "MICROTHERM" (Trade Mark) produced by Micropore International Limited.
The board 2 has a rigid casing 3 of refractory ceramic fibre to form a rigid, composite, thermal insulating panel of which the inner microporous material provides insulation and the outer ceramic fibre casing the rigidity and strength.
The panel may be made by placing a fullyformed and finished board 2 of microporous insulating material on a layer of wet refractory ceramic fibre, such as an alumina-silicate, e.g.
''TRITON-KAOWOOL'' (Trade Mark), that has been vacuum-cast from a slurry of ceramic fibre in a water suspension with both silica and organic binders by known techniques to form a rectangular sheet 4; the board 2 being smaller than the sheet 4 so as to leave a free boarder of wet ceramic-fibre about the periphery of the board. A second layer of wet refractory fibre sheet 6 is then laid over the board 2, the sheet 6 again being larger than the board 2. The wet, free borders 5 and 7 of both sheets are then joined one to the other (such as by simple compression) and the thusformed composite is then dried to produce a rigid and heat resistant casing formed of sheets 4 and 6.
The thermal insulating panel formed by this process is rigid and structurally stronger than known panels using the aforesaid microporous insulation materials. Additionally, the rigid ceramic fibre casing provides extra insulation and increases the maximum use temperature as well as making the panel suitable for hotfaced applications and for turbulent atmospheres.
Fig. 2 shows a hollow, rectangular container 8 formed by vacuum-casting a refractory ceramic fibre onto a rectangular mandril.
The wet rectangular hollow 9 thus formed is thereafter filled with microporous insulating material, the open end 10 is then closed, such as by a further small rectangle of wet ceramic fibre, and the wet casing is then dried.
If necessary, either casing may be fired to remove any residual carbon, the firing temperature being below that at which the microporous insulating material would be destroyed.
For some applications, an organic binder free vacuum-cast ceramic fibre material may be employed, especially for domestic usage of the insulating panels such as in night storage heaters. The usual organic binders, e.g.
starch, in such application producing noxious smells, when the insulating panel is heated.
As an alternative to a casing of vacuum-cast ceramic fibre material, an impregated blanket of ceramic fibre might be employed; again forming a rigid casing enclosing microporous insulating material.
Claims (11)
1. A thermal insulating panel consisting of an opacified microporous refractory insulating material housed in a rigid refractory fibre casing.
2. A panel as claimed in Claim 1, wherein the microporous insulating material is in the form of a board of reinforced, opacified microporous silica aerogel.
3. A panel as claimed in Claim 1 and
Claim 2, wherein the casing is of a vacuum cast ceramic fibre; with or without an organic binder.
4. A panel as claimed in Claim 1 and
Claim 2, wherein the casing is of an impregnated blanket of ceramic fibre.
5. A thermal insulating panel substantially as described with reference to or as shown by
Fig. 1 or Fig. 2 of the Drawing.
6. A method of making a rigid thermal insulating panel comprising placing a layer of an opacified microporous refractory insulating material on a vacuum-formed sheet of wet refractory fibre, covering the microporous insulating layer with a second vacuum-formed sheet of wet refractory fibre, joining the edges of the first and second sheets one to the other and then drying the thus formed composite to produce a rigid casing housing the microporous insulating material.
7. A method as claimed in Claim 6, wherein the microporous insulating material is a board of reinforced, opacified microporous silica aerogel.
8. A method of making a rigid thermal insulating panel comprising vacuum-forming a container of wet refractory fibre, filling the container with opacified microporous refractory material, closing the container and thereafter drying the container to form a rigid casing.
9. The method as claimed in Claim 6 or
Claim 8, wherein the sheet or the container is formed by vacuum-casting slurry of a ceramic fibre in a water suspension with a silica binder with or without an organic binder.
10. The method of making a rigid thermal insulating panel as described with reference to
Fig. 1 or Fig. 2 of the Drawing.
11. A rigid thermal insulating panel produced by the method of any of Claims 6 to 10.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB08414346A GB2161906A (en) | 1984-06-05 | 1984-06-05 | Thermal insulators |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB08414346A GB2161906A (en) | 1984-06-05 | 1984-06-05 | Thermal insulators |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB8414346D0 GB8414346D0 (en) | 1984-07-11 |
| GB2161906A true GB2161906A (en) | 1986-01-22 |
Family
ID=10561964
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB08414346A Withdrawn GB2161906A (en) | 1984-06-05 | 1984-06-05 | Thermal insulators |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (1) | GB2161906A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0629810A1 (en) * | 1993-06-10 | 1994-12-21 | Praxair Technology, Inc. | Low heat-leak, coherent-aerogel, cryogenic system |
| US8263880B2 (en) * | 2006-11-27 | 2012-09-11 | Hilmar Kraus | Assembly comprising electric and/or electronic components |
| WO2013072264A1 (en) * | 2011-11-15 | 2013-05-23 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft Zur Förderung Der Angewandten Forschung | Heat-insulating insulation element for high-temperature applications and a procedure for manufacturing it |
-
1984
- 1984-06-05 GB GB08414346A patent/GB2161906A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0629810A1 (en) * | 1993-06-10 | 1994-12-21 | Praxair Technology, Inc. | Low heat-leak, coherent-aerogel, cryogenic system |
| US8263880B2 (en) * | 2006-11-27 | 2012-09-11 | Hilmar Kraus | Assembly comprising electric and/or electronic components |
| WO2013072264A1 (en) * | 2011-11-15 | 2013-05-23 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft Zur Förderung Der Angewandten Forschung | Heat-insulating insulation element for high-temperature applications and a procedure for manufacturing it |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB8414346D0 (en) | 1984-07-11 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| EP0254993B1 (en) | Insulation formed of precipitated silica and fly ash | |
| US3500444A (en) | Electrical heating unit with an insulating refractory support | |
| CA2087499C (en) | Thermal insulation body for heat insulation | |
| GB2233678A (en) | Intumescent sheet material | |
| CA2315335A1 (en) | High performance insulations and methods of manufacturing the same | |
| WO2001060598A3 (en) | Evacuated jacket for thermal insulation and process for manufacturing the same | |
| US4556593A (en) | Panels of thermal insulation material | |
| YU47387B (en) | DESIGNED MULTIPLE HEAT-INSULATION BODY | |
| JPS6025540B2 (en) | Expandable ceramic fiber felt | |
| HU215751B (en) | Radiator, especially for glass ceramic cooking plate | |
| GB2161906A (en) | Thermal insulators | |
| JPH07139691A (en) | Vacuum heat insulation material and manufacture thereof | |
| HRP920665A2 (en) | Vacuum insulation panel with asymmetric structure | |
| US6772517B2 (en) | Heat insulating material | |
| JPS5830272B2 (en) | How to use ceramic fiber | |
| JPH0791591A (en) | Filler for heat insulating wall | |
| KR100566764B1 (en) | Insulating material, electrical heating unit employing same, and manufacturing method therefor | |
| EP0686732B1 (en) | Thermal insulating panel | |
| JPS6124961A (en) | Heat-insulating wall of refrigerator, etc. | |
| CA2030699A1 (en) | Method for the manufacture of a composite material part | |
| JPH0618222Y2 (en) | Insulation structure of furnace | |
| CZ282356B6 (en) | Fiber-free heat-insulating composite board | |
| JP2000351677A (en) | Thermal insulation form and electric heating unit using the same and their production | |
| JPH05221741A (en) | Thermally expandable ceramic fiber composite material | |
| RU2211201C2 (en) | Fiber-glass plastic composition and a method of manufacturing fiber-glass plastic |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| WAP | Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1) |