GB2150040A - Thermal decomposition furnace for waste tyres - Google Patents
Thermal decomposition furnace for waste tyres Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2150040A GB2150040A GB08331623A GB8331623A GB2150040A GB 2150040 A GB2150040 A GB 2150040A GB 08331623 A GB08331623 A GB 08331623A GB 8331623 A GB8331623 A GB 8331623A GB 2150040 A GB2150040 A GB 2150040A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- thermal decomposition
- furnace
- fluidized bed
- bed
- conveyor
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 title abstract 2
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 title description 16
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005243 fluidization Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010920 waste tyre Substances 0.000 description 26
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 19
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 10
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006148 magnetic separator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B49/00—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by direct heating with heat-carrying agents including the partial combustion of the solid material to be treated
- C10B49/02—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by direct heating with heat-carrying agents including the partial combustion of the solid material to be treated with hot gases or vapours, e.g. hot gases obtained by partial combustion of the charge
- C10B49/04—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by direct heating with heat-carrying agents including the partial combustion of the solid material to be treated with hot gases or vapours, e.g. hot gases obtained by partial combustion of the charge while moving the solid material to be treated
- C10B49/08—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by direct heating with heat-carrying agents including the partial combustion of the solid material to be treated with hot gases or vapours, e.g. hot gases obtained by partial combustion of the charge while moving the solid material to be treated in dispersed form
- C10B49/10—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by direct heating with heat-carrying agents including the partial combustion of the solid material to be treated with hot gases or vapours, e.g. hot gases obtained by partial combustion of the charge while moving the solid material to be treated in dispersed form according to the "fluidised bed" technique
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B1/00—Retorts
- C10B1/02—Stationary retorts
- C10B1/04—Vertical retorts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
- C10B53/07—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of solid raw materials consisting of synthetic polymeric materials, e.g. tyres
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/30—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having a fluidised bed
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
- F23G7/12—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of plastics, e.g. rubber
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/141—Feedstock
- Y02P20/143—Feedstock the feedstock being recycled material, e.g. plastics
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
- Separation, Recovery Or Treatment Of Waste Materials Containing Plastics (AREA)
Abstract
A furnace in which waste tyres (2, 15) can be thermally decomposed, without being first comminuted, comprises a fluidised bed section (5) having fluidisation air inlets (9) in its side walls, a lower unfluidised bed section (12) having a diameter smaller than that of the fluidised bed section (5), and a conveyor (20) below the unfluidised bed section (12). The lower end of the unfluidised bed section (12) forms an oblique opening (21) so as to provide a progressively increasing clearance for the conveyor (20) in the direction of advance of the conveyor. Bed material removed from the opening (21) may be screened and returned to the apparatus. The air inlets (a) may introduce the fluidising air tangentially. <IMAGE>
Description
SPECIFICATION
Thermal decomposition furnace of waste tires
This invention relates to thermal decomposition furnaces of waste tires for utilizing waste tires of automobile etc. as fuel for cement kiln, combustion chamber of bioler, dryer or broadly general uses.
In the prior art, verious types of thermal decomposition furnace for this purpose has been proposed, but none of them is satisfactory. In a prior method, as an example, wherein a deep fluidized bed furnace is employed for thermally decomposing waste tires, incombustible steel cords left cannot be discharged during continuous operation. Thus, one must take the trouble to break up waste tires into scraps of nearly equal size at the beginning.
It is intended by this invention to resolve these problems of the prior art. It is the principal object of this invention to provide a thermal decomposition furnace of waste tires which can thermally decompose waste tires as an original shape without breaking up waste tires. It is another object of the present invention to porvide a thermal decomposition furnace of waste tires in which a continuous operation, not an intermittent operation, can be performed. A further object of this invention is to porvide a thermal decomposition furnace of waste tires wherein the entire amount of heat in embers can be utilized whithout wasting. A specific object of the present invention is to provide a thermal decomposition furnace of waste tires in which no difficult procedures, such as removal of embers or seal cords from the high temperature interior of the furnace, are necessary.
It has been found by this invention that the above objects can be most suitably accomplished by providing a thermal decomposition furnace of waste tires which is characterized by comprising a body of thermal decomposition furnace adapted to receive waste tires having original shape, the inner diameter of said body being larger thatn outer diameter of waste tire; a feeder adapted to charge a waste tire having original shape into said body from above; a fluidized bed-forming section formed in the lower part of said body, said fluidized bed-forming section being provided with inlets in the side wall; air pipes connected to said inlets and communicated with a blower; a sealing bed-forming section arranged beneath said fluidized bed-forming section; a conveyor disposed below said sealing bed-forming section with maintaing a distance; and an opening formed at the lower end of said sealing bed-forming seciton, the cut of said opening being so slanted that the distance from the upper surface of conveyor progressively increases in the direction of advancement of the conveyor.
Other objects and aspects of this invention will be understood from the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings wherein:
Figure 1 is a sectional view which represents a scheme of one preferred embodiment of thermal decomposition furnace of waste tires according to this invention;
Figure 2 shows the details, on enlarged scale, of an essential part of the furnace in
Fig. 1;
Figure 3 shows a section taken along the line Ill-Ill of Fig. 2;
Figure 4 shows a section taken along the line IV-IV of Fig. 2; and
Figure 5 represents an enlarged sectional view of another essential part of the furnace in Fig. 1.
Referring now to the drawing, there is illustrated in Fig. 1, a body 1 of the thermal decomposition furnace. A waste tire 2 is passed through a charging chamber 4 by means of a feeder 3 and is thrown into the body 1 to be decomposed by heat in a fluidized bed 5. It is to be noted that, to commence operating the thermal decomposition furnace, the medium which will constitute the fluidized bed 5, such as silica sand and cement clinker, must be preliminarily heated to about 600on or above. For the purpose of heating the medium, some waste tires 2 are preliminarily stacked in the fluidized bed 5 and are heated to burn. Then, the furnace is ready for operating.
The air for fluidizing the above-mentioned medium is fed from inlets 9 formed in the side wall 8 of body 1 via air pipes 7 by means of a blower 6. The gas which has been generated by thermal decomposition of waste tires 2 passes a duct 10 from the upper part of the body 1 and is blown into a combustion furnace not shown. This generated gas burns well in a combustion furnace because a large amount of CO, H2, CH4, CmHn etc. are contained.
The thermal decomposition furnace is so constructed that the upward gas velocity in the space above the fluidized bed, when converted to it under normal condition, amounts to a value v = 0.1 - 0.5 Nm3/sec..
The generated gas includes carbon and the maximum diameter of carbon particle is ca.
1 mm. Thus, in the case of said combustion furnace being that of boiler etc., it is desitable that carbon is separated by means of a gassolids separator, such as cyclone, and is returned to the fluidized bed 5 in the body 1 by way of a return line not shown to be decomposed thermally. The above-mentioned charging chamber 4 is provided with multiple dampers, not shown in the drawings. to form a sure seal. Accordingly, this apparatus allows charging of waste tires 2 during continuous operation. The above-mentioned inlets 9 of the air pipes 7 are arranged at two different heights as shown by 9a and 9b in Figs. 1 and 2. In addition, lower inlets 9a are formed in the directions of radius of body 1 as shown by Fig. 4 and upper inlets 9b are formed in tangential directions as shown by Fig. 3.The lower inlets 9a feed air in an amount Ao (Nm3/min.) required to fluidize the bed 5 and the upper inlets 9b feed air in an amount Aa (Nm3/min.) required for gasification of waste tires. By regulating this air amount Aa with the use of a valve not shown, the throughput of waste tires is controlled. In order to maintain the normal operation of the furnace, the temperature of fluidized bed 5, as thermal decomposition temperature, is kept at a suitable point in the range of 600-800"C partly by adjusting the air amount through upper inlets 9b. As hereinafter stated, the aforementioned medium 11 is circulated and replaced by means of a return line arranged outside the body 1 according to this invention. The temperature of fluidized bed 5 is also controlled partly by regulating the amount of medium to be replaced.In addition, it is preferred that said inlets 5a and 5b are inclined downward toward the body 1, making an angle of 5 to 20"with the horizontal. In Figs. 2, 3 and 4, reference numerals 1a and 1b indicate a refractory material and a casing, respectively. As shown in the drawings, a fluidized bed-forming section 1 3 is formed by slanted side wall 8 so as to have a smaller diameter at a lower position. By virtue of this structure, the formed fluidized bed slides on the slanted surface and the fluidization is smoothly performed to obtain a uniform fluidized bed.
On the other hand, a sealing bed 1 2 is formed by medium 11 in the part below said inlets 9a. The sealing mechanism by this sealing bed 1 2 is due to packing of medium 11. Sealing is satisfactory when the air for forming the fluidized bed cannot blow through the sealing bed. Thus, it is preferred that the depth of sealing bed is made to be 2 to 5 timed the depth of the fluidized bed 5. The size of said medium is of 0.1 to 5 mum0, preferrably 0.2 to 1.2 m+. The material of the medium should have heat resistance to about 1 500"C. Employable materials are exemplified by refractories, such as cement clinker and silica sand.Reference numerals 1 3 and 14 indicate a fluidized bed-forming section and a sealing bed-forming section, respectively. The ratio of the vertical length between both forming sections is the same as the ratio of depth between the fluidized bed 5 and the sealing bed 12. The level of medium 11 of the fluidized bed 5 is so controlled that, when L denotes the depth of the fluidized bed 5 and
D denotes the diameter of bed, the ratio L/D is kept in the range of + to 2. To perform a normal operation with maintaining the level in position, charge and discharge amounts of medium 11 are regulated by maintaining the constant differences between a measured pressure at the top of furnace and measured pressures at some points of fluidized bed 5.
The replacement of medium 11 in the fluidized bed is performed at the rate by which an amount of about 2 to 3 times the volume of fluidized bed 5 is replaced per hour.
When a waste tire is thermally decomposed and passes through the fluidized bed 5, crude embers enveloping steel cord 15 are agitated and broken up by fluidized medium 5, soon are released from steel cord 15 by heat, are comminuted, and are passed to a combustion furnace along with the generated gas to be utilized for heating in combustion furnace. On the other hand. the above-mentioned steel cord moves downward with medium 11 in the sealing bed 1 2 as the medium 11 is drawn from the bottom of sealing bed 1 2. Steel cords are successively expelled to the outside with medium 11.
Then, steel cords 1 5 are separated from medium by means of a separator 16, such as magnetic separator and grizzly, and the medium 11 is returned to the interior of the body 1 via a return line 1 7 arranged to open therein. A water-cooling jacket is provided round the sealing bed-forming section 14 and water 1 9 within the jacket 1 8 chills the seciton. By virture of this chilling, the medium 11 and the steel cords 15 which have been drawn outside from the bottom of sealing bed 1 2 are at a lower temperature and the conveyor 20 or other installations for receiving these materials can be prevented from any heat damage. Further, the sealing bed-forming section 1 4 is constructed as nearly right cylindrical shape.Thus, the steel cord 15 as an original shape, i.e. not broken, can move downward without any trouble. In addition the inner diameter of body 1 is made to be larger than the outer diameter of waste tire 2, and the inner diameter of sealing bed-forming section is made to be smaller than the outer diameter of waste tire 2. Accordingly, the separation of steel cords 1 5 from waste tires 1 2 is relatively secured.
Now, a brief mention will be made of an opening 21 of the aforementioned sealing bed-forming section 14. As can be seen from
Fig. 5, the opening 21 is made so as to keep a distance h from the upper surface 22 of conveyor 20. The cut of opening 21 is so slanted that said distance h from the upper surface 20 of conveyor progressively increases as the viewpoint moves in the direction of advancement of the conveyor. Preferably, the angle of inclination a in Fig. 4 takes a value of 15 to 30 degrees. When a = 0, expelling of steel cord 15 becomes difficult. In contrast, when the cut of opening is formed to have an excessive angle of inclination, sealing is deteriorated.
The conveyor 20 advances in the direction of arrow A20. Thereby, medium 11 including
**WARNING** end of DESC field may overlap start of CLMS **.
Claims (1)
- **WARNING** start of CLMS field may overlap end of DESC **.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| BE0/212007A BE898407A (en) | 1983-12-07 | 1983-12-07 | Thermal decomposition oven for waste tires. |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB8331623D0 GB8331623D0 (en) | 1984-01-04 |
| GB2150040A true GB2150040A (en) | 1985-06-26 |
| GB2150040B GB2150040B (en) | 1988-04-27 |
Family
ID=3843698
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB08331623A Expired GB2150040B (en) | 1983-12-07 | 1983-11-26 | Thermal decomposition furnace for waste tyres |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AU (1) | AU560699B2 (en) |
| BE (1) | BE898407A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3344492A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2556078B1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2150040B (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1987000082A1 (en) * | 1985-07-02 | 1987-01-15 | Brown, Boveri & Cie Aktiengesellschaft | Fluidized bed reactor |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB798502A (en) * | 1953-10-29 | 1958-07-23 | Cie Ind De Procedes Et D Appli | Improvements in fluidised chemical processes and apparatus therefor |
| GB1491558A (en) * | 1974-02-14 | 1977-11-09 | Fives Cail Babcock | Reaction of solid materials in deep fluidised beds |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2404800C3 (en) * | 1974-02-01 | 1982-05-19 | Schäfer, Winfried, 6234 Hattersheim | Smoldering generator for the production of gaseous and liquid hydrocarbons and other substances by heat treatment of automobile tires |
| DE2658371C2 (en) * | 1976-12-23 | 1983-03-03 | Carl Robert Eckelmann AG, 2000 Hamburg | Process for pyrolyzing old tires |
| DE2826918A1 (en) * | 1978-06-20 | 1980-01-10 | Babcock Ag | PROCESS FOR THE RECYCLING OF RUBBER AND PLASTIC WASTE, IN PARTICULAR OF USED TIRES |
| EP0072387B1 (en) * | 1981-08-04 | 1987-01-07 | Onahama Seiren Kabushiki Kaisha | Apparatus for dry distillation of discarded rubber tires |
-
1983
- 1983-11-26 GB GB08331623A patent/GB2150040B/en not_active Expired
- 1983-11-29 AU AU21782/83A patent/AU560699B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1983-12-01 FR FR838319439A patent/FR2556078B1/en not_active Expired
- 1983-12-07 BE BE0/212007A patent/BE898407A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1983-12-09 DE DE19833344492 patent/DE3344492A1/en active Granted
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB798502A (en) * | 1953-10-29 | 1958-07-23 | Cie Ind De Procedes Et D Appli | Improvements in fluidised chemical processes and apparatus therefor |
| GB798501A (en) * | 1953-10-29 | 1958-07-23 | Cie Ind De Procedes Et D Appli | Improvements in fluidised chemical processes and apparatus therefor |
| GB1491558A (en) * | 1974-02-14 | 1977-11-09 | Fives Cail Babcock | Reaction of solid materials in deep fluidised beds |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1987000082A1 (en) * | 1985-07-02 | 1987-01-15 | Brown, Boveri & Cie Aktiengesellschaft | Fluidized bed reactor |
| DE3523653A1 (en) * | 1985-07-02 | 1987-02-12 | Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie | FLUIDIZED LAYER REACTOR |
| US4822573A (en) * | 1985-07-02 | 1989-04-18 | Brown, Boveri & Cie Ag | Fluidized-bed reactor |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| BE898407A (en) | 1984-03-30 |
| GB2150040B (en) | 1988-04-27 |
| GB8331623D0 (en) | 1984-01-04 |
| AU560699B2 (en) | 1987-04-16 |
| AU2178283A (en) | 1985-06-06 |
| DE3344492A1 (en) | 1985-06-20 |
| FR2556078A1 (en) | 1985-06-07 |
| FR2556078B1 (en) | 1989-03-10 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 19931126 |