GB2133922A - Battery - Google Patents
Battery Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2133922A GB2133922A GB8301606A GB8301606A GB2133922A GB 2133922 A GB2133922 A GB 2133922A GB 8301606 A GB8301606 A GB 8301606A GB 8301606 A GB8301606 A GB 8301606A GB 2133922 A GB2133922 A GB 2133922A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- cell units
- casing
- stack
- cell unit
- cell
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M6/00—Primary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M6/42—Grouping of primary cells into batteries
- H01M6/46—Grouping of primary cells into batteries of flat cells
- H01M6/48—Grouping of primary cells into batteries of flat cells with bipolar electrodes
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Primary Cells (AREA)
- Sealing Battery Cases Or Jackets (AREA)
Abstract
A layer built battery having a plurality of dry cell or zinc chloride cell units (20) stacked one over another by inserting each cell unit into the heat shrinkable plastics casing (26) of another cell unit to form the cell unit stack. Each cell unit comprises in combination a tablet shaped composite positive electrode (25), a paper casing (24), a zinc sheet negative electrode (22), a carbon conductive film and a heat shrinkable plastics sleeve casing (26). A jacket closure (29) having a metal end plate with a heat shrinkable plastics sleeve laminated on side edges of the metal plate sits on top of the tablet shaped composite positive electrode of the top cell unit of the cell units stack and acts as a current collector. The cell units stack is sealed with a layer of wax (30) and the battery is completed by placing an additional two terminal top plate (28) on top of the cell units stack and packing into a metal casing (27) to enclose the corners, the side edges and the bottom of the cell units stack leaving the upper surface of the two terminal top plate exposed. <IMAGE>
Description
SPECIFICATION
Battery
The present invention relates to a battery, particularly a so-called layer-built battery.
Conventional layer-built batteries are generally composed of a plurality of dry cell units stacked one over another and packed in a metal casing with a two terminal end plate on the top. A typical example is shown in Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings, which is a perspective view of a conventional layer-built battery, partly cut away to show its internal arrangement; in the drawing, reference numeral 1 0 designates one of the dry cell units and numeral 17 a casing in which the dry cell units 10 are packed.
A conventional dry cell unit 10, as shown in
Figure 2 of the accompanying drawings, which is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a dry cell unit of a conventional layer-built battery, is composed of a rectangular, composite positive electrode 1 5 containing manganese dioxide, a paper casing 14 which covers the bottom surface and the side edge of the electrode 1 5, a paper sheet 13 to abut the bottom surface of the paper casing 14, a negative electrode 12 consisting of a zinc sheet to abut the paper sheet 13, and a carbon conductive film 1 1 bonded to the negative electrode 12 so that the composite positive electrode 15, paper casing 14, paper sheet 13, negative electrode (zinc sheet) 12 and carbon conductive film 11 constitute a laminate which is further enclosed with a heat shrinkable plastics shielding material 1 6 that leaves the central area 1 5A of the top surface of the composite positive electrode 1 5 and the central area of the lower surface of the carbon film 11 exposed. During the assembling of the composite positive electrode 1 5, paper casing 14 and paper sheet 13, a suitable quantity of electrolyte such as an aqueous acid solution is added so as to soak the paper casing 14 and paper sheet 13 therewith, and therefore a voltage may be generated between the composite electrode 15 and the zinc sheet negative electrode
12.When a plurality of the cell units are stacked one over another, or connected in series, a voltage is provided equivalent to the sum of the voltages generated by each individual cell unit.
With such a conventional cell unit as described above, the completed cell unit stacks are sealed with a uniform layer of wax enclosing all the side edges of the cell units stack which is formed by immersing the whole cell units stack into a molten wax bath. During the waxing stage, a considerable large volume of gas is trapped between adjacent cell units and consequently a large proportion of the finished layer-built batteries have high internal impedance and electrolyte leakage.
The present invention aims to overcome the problem of gas being trapped between adjacent cell units during the waxing stage in the production of layer-built batteries.
The present invention provides a layer-built battery having a plurality of dry cell units or zinc chloride cell units stacked one over the other to form a series connection, being sealed with a layer of wax and packed with a two terminal top plate and a metal casing, wherein the bottom part of at least some of the said cell units is disposed so as to be within the upper part of a plastics casing of the cell unit arranged therebelow.
At least some of the cell units of the battery according to the invention each comprises a composite positive electrode formed into a tablet shape having a top surface and a bottom surface, and side edges; a paper casing adapted to enclose the bottom surface and the side edges of the composite positive electrode; a paper casing adapted to enclose the bottom surface and the side edges of the composite positive electrode; a negative electrode consisting of a zinc sheet to abut the bottom surface of the paper casing; a carbon conductive film having an upper surface abutting the lower surface of the negative electrode; and a heat shrinkable plastics sleeve casing which is heat shrunk to bond onto the side edges and the bottom surface of the carbon conductive film leaving the central area of the bottom surface exposed, enclosing the tablet shaped composite positive electrode, the paper casing, the negative electrode and the carbon conductive film into a single cell unit, with an extra space left at the top of the tablet shaped composite positive electrode. Such a cell unit per se constitutes a further aspect of the present invention.
In such a cell unit, the composite positive electrode may be suitably composed of a mixture comprising manganese dioxide, ammonium chloride, acetylene black, graphite and an electrolyte containing an aqueous acid solution, such mixture being compressed and formed into a tablet shape. The heat shrinkable plastics sleeve casing of the cell unit is preferably a heat shrinkable PVC sleeve casing.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the stack of cell units comprises five cell units stacked one over another by inserting each cell unit into the heat shrinkable plastics sleeve casing of another cell unit, a conventional dry cell unit being inserted into the heat shrinkable plastics casing of the top layer of the cell units stack, and a jacket closure having a metal end plate with a heat shrinkable plastics sleeve laminated on the bottom side edges of the metal plate resting on the top of the conventional dry cell unit to enclose the top of the cell units stack.The jacket closure preferably comprises a tin plated steel end plate, a carbon conductive film bonded onto the bottom of the tin plated steel end plate, and a heat shrinkable PVC sleeve heat shrunk to enclose the corners and the side edges of the carbon conductive film leaving the central area of the bottom surface of the carbon conductive film exposed.
The cell units stack is preferably sealed with a uniform layer of wax, which is formed by immersing the cell units stack into a molten wax bath, enclosing all side edges and corners of the cell units stack while leaving the central area of top and bottom surfaces of the cell units stack exposed.
A two terminal top plate is preferably packed with the cell units stack to provide an external electrical connection, the two terminal top plate comprising a plastics plate, a positive terminal comprising a cylindricul metal cap with a direct electrical contact to the top of the metal plate of a jacket closure as previously described, and a negative terminal comprising a metal cup with a metal sheet packed around the side of the cell units stack to reach the bottom surface of the cell units stack. The cell units stack and the two terminal top plate are suitably packed into a metal casing to enclose the corners, the side edges and the bottom surface of the cell units stack leaving the upper surface of the two terminal top plate exposed.
The battery according to the invention in which a plurality of dry cell or zinc chloride cell units are stacked one over another may be assembled by inserting each cell unit into the heat shrinkable plastics casing of another cell unit to form the cell units stack. Each cell unit has a heat shrinkable plastics sleeve casing which is formed by laminating one end of the plastics sleeve to the side edges of the negative electrode such that the paper casing and the composite positive electrode tablet as well as the other cell unit could be inserted. A jacket closure having a metal end plate with a shrinkable plastics sleeve laminated on the side edges of the metal plate is provided on the top layer of the cell units stack to enclose the layer-built battery.Since the heat shrinkable plastics sleeve casing of each cell unit are still opened, it is much easier for the air to escape during the waxing stage of the production.
The invention will be further described, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
Figure 3 is a perspective view of a composite positive electrode to be used in the battery of this invention;
Figure 4 is a perspective view of the composite positive electrode wrapped in a paper casing;
Figure 5 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a dry cell unit of a layer built battery of this invention;
Figure 6 is a perspective view showing the assembly of the cell units of a layer built battery according to this invention;
Figure 7 is a view partly in section and partly in elevation showing the electrical connection of a layer built battery according to this invention; and
Figure 8 is a perspective view, partly cut away, showing a complete layer built battery according to this invention.
In the assembly of a layer-built battery of the present invention, a plurality of dry cell or zinc chloride cell units 20 are stacked one over another by inserting each cell unit 20 into the heat shrinkable plastics coating 26 of another cell unit 20 to form the cell units stack as shown in Figure 6. The cell units stack is sealed with a layer of wax and packed into a metal casing 27 in a similar manner as a conventional layer-built battery as shown in Figure 1.
As shown in Figure 5, a cell unit comprises a composite positive electrode 25, a paper casing 24, a zinc sheet negative electrode 22, a carbon conductive film 21 and a heat shrinkable plastics sleeve casing 26. The composite positive electrode 25, which is composed of a mixture of manganese dioxide, acetylene black, graphite powder and an electrolyte containing an aqueous acid solution, is compressed and formed into a tablet shape. The paper casing 24 which covers the bottom surface of the side edges of the tablet shaped composite positive electrode 25, as shown in Figure 4, is soaked with an aqueous acid solution. The negative electrode 22 consists of a zinc sheet which is attached to the bottom surface of the paper casing 24. A carbon conductive film 21 is bonded onto the bottom surface of the negative electrode 22 so as to form a laminate construction.The heat shrinkable plastics sleeve casing 26 is heat shrunk to bond onto the side edges and the bottom surface of the carbon conductive film 21, leaving the central area of the bottom surface of the carbon conductive film 21 exposed as shown in Figure 5, enclosing the tablet shaped composite positive electrode 25, the paper casing 24, the negative electrode 22 and the carbon conductive film 21 into a single cell unit, with an extra space left at the top of the positive electrode 25 such that another cell unit 20 could be inserted and placed on top of the positive electrode 25 during the assembly of the layer built battery.
With reference to Figure 6, a GP 1604S zinc carbon 9 V. layer built battery is shown comprising five dry cell units 20 stacked one over another by inserting each dry cell unit 20 into the heat shrinkable plastics sleeve casing 26 of another dry cell unit 20. A conventional dry cell unit 10 is then inserted into the heat shrinkable plastics casing 26 of the top layer of the cell units stack and a jacket closure 29 having a metal end plate with a heat shrinkable plastics sleeve laminated on the bottom side edges of the metal plate rests on the top of the conventional dry cell unit 10 to enclose the cell units stack. The complete cell units stack is sealed with a uniform layer of wax 30 to enclose all the side edges and corners of the cell units stack leaving the central area of top and bottom surfaces of the dry cell units stack exposed as shown in Figure 7.
As illustrated in Figure 7, an additional two terminal top plate 28 is packed with the dry cell units stack to provide an external electrical connection. The layer-built battery is completed by enclosing the cell units stack and the terminal top plate 28 into a metal casing 27 in a similar manner as a conventional layer-built battery and as shown in Figure 8.
Since the heat shrinkable plastics sleeve casing 26 of the cell unit 20 could be considered as an open-ended container, it is much easier for the gas to escape in the molten wax bath during the waxing stage of the production method. Hence the number of finished layer-built batteries having high internal impedance and electrolyte leakage caused by the gap trapped between the cell units during the assembly of the layer-built batteries may be reduced significantly.
Claims (12)
1. A layer-built battery having a plurality of dry cell units or zinc chloride cell units stacked one over the other to form a series connection, being sealed with a layer of wax and packed with a two terminal top plate and a metal casing, wherein the bottom part of at least some of the said cell units is disposed so as to be within the upper part of a plastics casing of the cell unit arranged therebelow.
2. A battery as claimed in Claim 1, wherein at least some of the said cel units each comprises a composite positive electrode formed into a tablet shape having a top surface and a bottom surface, and side edges; a paper casing adapted to enclose the bottom surface and the side edges of the said composite positive electrode; a negative electrode consisting of a zinc sheet to abut the bottom surface of the said paper casing; a carbon conductive film having an upper surface abutting the lower surface of the said negative electrode; and a heat shrinkable plastics sleeve casing which is heat shrunk to bond onto the side edges and the bottom surface of the said carbon conductive film leaving the central area of the bottom surface exposed, enclosing the tablet shaped composite positive electrode, the paper casing, the negative electrode and the carbon conductive film into a single cell unit, with an extra space left at the top of the tablet shaped composite positive electrode.
3. A battery as claimed in Claim 2, wherein the said composite positive electrode is composed of a mixture comprising manganese dioxide, ammonium chloride, acetylene black, graphite and an electrolyte containing an aqueous acid solution, the said mixture being compressed and formed into a tablet shape.
4. A battery as claimed in Claim 2 or 3, wherein the said heat shrinkable plastics sleeve casing of the cell unit is a heat shrinkable PVC sleeve casing.
5. A battery as claimed in any of Claims 2 to 4, wherein the said stack of cells units comprises five said cell units stacked one over another by inserting each cell unit into the said heat shrinkable plastics sleeve casing of another said cell unit, a conventional dry cell unit being inserted into the heat shrinkable plastics casing of the top layer of the cell units stack, and a jacket closure having a metal end plate with a heat shrinable plastics sleeve laminated on the bottom side edges of the said metal plate resting on the top of the said conventional dry cell unit to enclose the top of the said cell units stack.
6. A battery as claimed in Claim 5, wherein the said jacket closure comprises a tin plated steel end plate, a carbon conductive film bonded onto the bottom of the said tin plated steel end plate, and a heat shrinkable side edges of the said carbon conductive film leaving the central area of the bottom surface of the said carbon conductive film exposed.
7. A battery as claimed in any of Claims 1 to 6, wherein the said cell units stack is sealed with a uniform layer of wax, which is formed by immersing the cell units stack into a molten wax bath, enclosing all side edges and corners of the cell units stack while leaving the central area of top and bottom surfaces of the cell units stack exposed.
8. A battery as claimed in any of Claims 1 to 7, wherein a two terminal top plate is packed with the said cell units stack to provide an external electrical connection, the said two terminal top plate comprising a plastics plate, a positive terminal comprising a cylindrical metal cap with a direct electrical contact to the top of the metal plate of a jacket closure provided at the top of the cell units stack, and a negative terminal comprising a metal cup with a metal sheet packed around the side of the cell units stack to reach the bottom surface of the cell units stack.
9. A battery as claimed in Claim 8, wherein the said cell units stack and the said two terminal top plate are packed into a metal casing to enclose the corners, the side edges and the bottom surface of the cell units stack leaving the upper surface of the two terminal top plate exposed.
10. A layer built battery according to Claim 1, substantially as herein described with reference to, and as shown in, Figures 3 to 8 of the accompanying drawings.
11. A cell unit for a battery according to Claim 1, which comprises a composite positive electrode formed into a tablet shape having a top surface and a bottom surface, and side edges; a paper casing adapted to enclose the bottom surface and the side edges of the said composite positive electrode; a negative electrode consisting of a zinc sheet to abut the bottom surface of the said paper casing; a carbon conductive film having an upper surface abutting the lower surface of the said negative electrode; and a heat shrinkable plastics sleeve casing which is heat shrunk to bond onto the side edges and the bottom surface of the area of the bottom surface exposed, enclosing the tablet shaped composite positive electrode, the paper casing, the negative electrode and the carbon conductive film into a single cell unit, with an extra space left at the top of the tablet shaped composite positive electrode.
12. A cell unit according to Claim 11, substantially as herein described with reference to, and as shown in, Figure 5 of the accompanying drawings.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB8301606A GB2133922A (en) | 1983-01-21 | 1983-01-21 | Battery |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB8301606A GB2133922A (en) | 1983-01-21 | 1983-01-21 | Battery |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB8301606D0 GB8301606D0 (en) | 1983-02-23 |
| GB2133922A true GB2133922A (en) | 1984-08-01 |
Family
ID=10536665
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB8301606A Withdrawn GB2133922A (en) | 1983-01-21 | 1983-01-21 | Battery |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (1) | GB2133922A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NL1014590C2 (en) * | 2000-03-09 | 2001-09-11 | Corus Staal Bv | Battery comprising several galvanic cells connected in series. |
| NL1014591C2 (en) * | 2000-03-09 | 2001-09-11 | Corus Staal Bv | Battery of the type comprising a zinc canister and a carbon collector for the cathode. |
| EP1408565A1 (en) * | 2002-09-05 | 2004-04-14 | Whitehill Electrochemical Co. Ltd. | An improved battery cell and batteries including same |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB564264A (en) * | 1942-12-15 | 1944-09-20 | Alpha Accessories Ltd | Improvements relating to electric dry batteries |
| GB579986A (en) * | 1943-09-17 | 1946-08-22 | Burndept Ltd | Improvements in the construction of electric dry cells |
| GB765766A (en) * | 1954-01-27 | 1957-01-09 | La Pile Leclanche Soc D | Improvements in or relating to electric batteries and methods for the manufacture thereof |
| GB877082A (en) * | 1957-06-28 | 1961-09-13 | Burndept Ltd | A construction of dry battery and a method of making it |
-
1983
- 1983-01-21 GB GB8301606A patent/GB2133922A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB564264A (en) * | 1942-12-15 | 1944-09-20 | Alpha Accessories Ltd | Improvements relating to electric dry batteries |
| GB579986A (en) * | 1943-09-17 | 1946-08-22 | Burndept Ltd | Improvements in the construction of electric dry cells |
| GB765766A (en) * | 1954-01-27 | 1957-01-09 | La Pile Leclanche Soc D | Improvements in or relating to electric batteries and methods for the manufacture thereof |
| GB877082A (en) * | 1957-06-28 | 1961-09-13 | Burndept Ltd | A construction of dry battery and a method of making it |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NL1014590C2 (en) * | 2000-03-09 | 2001-09-11 | Corus Staal Bv | Battery comprising several galvanic cells connected in series. |
| NL1014591C2 (en) * | 2000-03-09 | 2001-09-11 | Corus Staal Bv | Battery of the type comprising a zinc canister and a carbon collector for the cathode. |
| WO2001067529A1 (en) * | 2000-03-09 | 2001-09-13 | Corus Staal Bv | Battery comprising a plurality of series-connected galvanic cells |
| WO2001075995A1 (en) * | 2000-03-09 | 2001-10-11 | Corus Staal Bv | Battery of the type comprising a zinc can and a collector consisting of carbon for the cathode |
| EP1408565A1 (en) * | 2002-09-05 | 2004-04-14 | Whitehill Electrochemical Co. Ltd. | An improved battery cell and batteries including same |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB8301606D0 (en) | 1983-02-23 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| WAP | Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1) |