GB2131324A - Glass/plastic laminates - Google Patents
Glass/plastic laminates Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2131324A GB2131324A GB08234831A GB8234831A GB2131324A GB 2131324 A GB2131324 A GB 2131324A GB 08234831 A GB08234831 A GB 08234831A GB 8234831 A GB8234831 A GB 8234831A GB 2131324 A GB2131324 A GB 2131324A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- plastics
- glass
- laminate
- coating
- resin composition
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000005340 laminated glass Substances 0.000 title description 2
- 239000002650 laminated plastic Substances 0.000 title 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000011342 resin composition Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000001464 adherent effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 description 4
- VOBUAPTXJKMNCT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-prop-2-enoyloxyhexyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCC(OC(=O)C=C)OC(=O)C=C VOBUAPTXJKMNCT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KWVGIHKZDCUPEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-dimethoxy-2-phenylacetophenone Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(OC)(OC)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KWVGIHKZDCUPEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DAKWPKUUDNSNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane triacrylate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OCC(CC)(COC(=O)C=C)COC(=O)C=C DAKWPKUUDNSNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RWCCWEUUXYIKHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzophenone Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 RWCCWEUUXYIKHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000012965 benzophenone Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004848 polyfunctional curative Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 231100000489 sensitizer Toxicity 0.000 description 3
- 229940096522 trimethylolpropane triacrylate Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005329 float glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 2
- 208000034693 Laceration Diseases 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003679 aging effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013067 intermediate product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- KCTAWXVAICEBSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-enoyloxy prop-2-eneperoxoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OOOC(=O)C=C KCTAWXVAICEBSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002345 surface coating layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001771 vacuum deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
- B32B17/10018—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising only one glass sheet
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/1033—Laminated safety glass or glazing containing temporary protective coatings or layers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
- B32B17/10706—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer being photo-polymerized
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
- B32B2307/554—Wear resistance
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2310/00—Treatment by energy or chemical effects
- B32B2310/08—Treatment by energy or chemical effects by wave energy or particle radiation
- B32B2310/0806—Treatment by energy or chemical effects by wave energy or particle radiation using electromagnetic radiation
- B32B2310/0831—Treatment by energy or chemical effects by wave energy or particle radiation using electromagnetic radiation using UV radiation
Landscapes
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Joining Of Glass To Other Materials (AREA)
- Surface Treatment Of Glass (AREA)
Abstract
In the manufacture of glass/plastics laminates transparent glass 1 and plastics 2 plies are bonded together. After bonding, a uniform coating 3 of a fluid electron-beam or ultra-violet radiation curable resin composition is applied to the exposed plastics surface of the laminate 1, 2 and is then cured in situ to leave an adherent transparent surface coating which is more abrasion resistant than the underlying plastics material. <IMAGE>
Description
SPECIFICATION
Glass/plastics laminates
This invention relates to a method of manufacturing a glass/plastics laminate comprising bonding together transparent glass and plastics plies, and to such laminates.
Such laminates can be used for various purposes for example as exterior or interior glazings for buildings.
However the most important commercial use of glass/plastics laminates is probably as lights for vehicles, in particular windscreens of road vehicles. Windscreens in which a plastics ply is located to the interior of the vehicle can have a combination of properties which is highly desirable for affording protection to vehicle occupants against laceration by glass fragments in the event of the windscreen being broken, for example by impact of an occupant's head against the screen. The greatest benefits in this respect are achieved when the strength of the bond between the glass and the plastics is high enough to retain broken glass fragments but low enough to give an acceptable risk of tearing the plastics when the windscreen is broken.
It will be apparent that such a product should be as optically perfect as is commercially practicable and that is should have good ageing properties.
One problem encountered with such products relates to non-parallelism of the outer faces of the laminate either on initial manufacture or on ageing. Proposals for overcoming this problem have been put forward in our co-pending British Patent applications Nos. 8212668 and 8212669 and in BFG Glassgroup's British Patent application No. 2,074,090 which deal with the conditions under which bonding of the laminate takes place.
Another problem encountered with such laminates is the relative softness of the exposed plastics face.
After some time, this tends to become abraded, for example due to less than careful cleaning. It is this problem with which the present invention is particularly concerned.
It would of course be possible to substitute a relatively hard and abrasion-resistant plastics ply, but this would tend to rupture or tear more easily on breakage of the windscreen and would reduce the safety benefits afforded by the use of a glass/plastics laminate.
It has been proposed to make a triple laminate of glass/soft plastics/abrasion-resistant plastics. It is however well known in the field that the lamination of one plastics ply to another in a laminate gives rise to considerable problems and greatly increases the number of factory rejects. It is easier to manufacture a glass/plastics/glass laminate, but this again reduces the safety benefits afforded.
It has also been proposed to apply a thin abrasion resistant coating of silica by vacuum deposition on the plastics ply of a glass/plastics laminate but this adds greatly to manufacturing costs.
It is an object of the present invention to provide an abrasion resistant glass/plastics laminate which lends itself to easy manufacture.
According to the present invention, there is provided a method of manufacturing a glass/plastics laminate comprising bonding together transparent glass and plastics plies characterised in that after bonding, there is applied to the exposed plastics surface of the laminate a uniform coating of a fluid, electron-beam or ultra-violet radiation curable resin composition which is then cured in situ to leave an adherent transparent surface coating which is more abrasion resistant than the underlying plastics material.
By making use of the present invention it is possible to make glass/plastics laminates having a more abrasion resistant plastics face without having any substantial effect on the glass/plastics bond and without causing any substantial deterioration in the geometrical form of the exposed plastics face or in the optical quality of the product. For example, by avoiding imparting any substantial heat to effect curing of the resin coating, the bond between the glass and the plastics is not increased by any undesirable extent nor is the plastics ply heated to such an extent that there is substantial risk of any unevenness in its thickness reappearing as a surface defect. A further advantage of electron-beam or ultra-violet curing is the rapidity with which the coating is cured so that the abrasion resistant surface is formed quickly.
The expression "abrasion resistance" is used herein to denote resistance to abrasion as measured by
American National Standard Neo, 226.1 - 1977 - Abrasion Resistances (Plastics), Test No. 17 using a Taber
Abraser (ASTM D 1044-76).
Advantageously, such resin composition comprises an ultra-violet photo-activator and is cured by ultra-violet radiation. The ultra-violet radiation required for curing in the presence of a photo-activator is less energetic than electron-beam irradiation and is likely to have even less effect on the quality of the plastics ply especially when the latter is substantially free of ultra-violet photo-activators as in any case desirable.
Said resin composition is preferably applied by a roller technique. This is a simple and rapid way of applying uniform coatings.
The invention includes a glass/plastics laminate manufactured by a method as herein defined.
The invention also extends to intermediate products for the formation of such glass/plastics laminates.
Accordingly there is provided a glass/plastics laminate characterised in that the plastics surface thereof bears a coating of a curable resin composition which includes an ultra-violet photo-activating composition and which is curable to form an adherent transparent surface coating which is more abrasion resistant than the underlying plastics material.
And there is further provided a glass/plastics laminate characterised in that the plastics surface thereof bears a coating of an electron-beam curable resin composition which is so curable to form an adherent transparent surface coating which is more abrasion resistant than the underlying plastics material.
Preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described by way of example and with reference to the accompanying diagrammatic drawing which is a detail cross section through a glass/plastics laminate according to the invention.
In the drawing, a glass/plastics laminate consists of a sheet of glass 1 to which has been bonded a plastics ply 2. The free surface of the plastics ply 2 is coated after bonding with a transparent surface coating layer 3 which is then cured.
Example 1
A glass/plastics laminate for use as a vehicle windscreen comprising a 3 mm thick sheet of float glass and a 1 mm thick ply of plasticised polyvinyl chloride availale from Dynamit-Nobel under their trade name
ASTRAGLAS was formed by the method described in British Patent application No.82 12669.
The exposed surface of polyvinyl chloride was then coated with a layer about 1 ffi m thick of acrylic-based resin composition using a roller.
The resin had the following composition:
Plex 6628-0* (from Rohm)
(acrylic resin) 35 parts by weight
Trimethylolpropanetriacrylate 14 parts byweight 1-6 hexanedioldiacrylate
(hardener) 35 parts by weight
IRGACURE 651* (from Ciba)
(u.v. sensitiser) 4 parts by weight
Benzophenone
(photo-initiator) 1.5 parts by weight By344* (from Mallinckrodt)
(dispersion agent) 0.5 parts by weight
* Trade Marks
The resin was cured by exposure to ultra-violet radiation. It was found that the optical properties of the laminate were unaffected by this treatment as was the strength of the bond between the glass and plastics plies.
The abrasion resistance of the laminate was then tested according to American National Standard No.
Z26.1 - 1977, with an abrasion of 100 cycles and a 500 g. load as specified in ASTM D 1044-76.
The increase in the proportion of diffuse to total transmittance, the haze, due to the abrasion was found to be less than 4 percentage points.
In the absence of the resin coating the increase in haze noted when the unprotected polyvinyl chloride was similarly tested was about 30 percentage points.
Like results have been found when using a similar resin composition omitting the ultra-violetsensitiser and photo-initiator and curing the resin coating in an electron-beam.
Similar results have also been found when a glass/ASTRAGLAS (Trade Mark) laminate made by a method described in British Patent application No.8212668 is similarly treated.
Example 2
A pair of glass/plastics laminates for use as vehicle windscreens each comprising a 3 mm sheet of float glass bonded to a 0.6 mm ply of polyurethane marketed by Bayer was formed as described in Example 1 of
British Patent application No. 82 12668.
The polyurethane ply of one such laminate was protected by a 1 ,u m thick coating formed by applying with a roller the following resin composition:
Epoxyacrylate 50 parts by weight
Trimethylolpropanetriacrylate 30 parts by weight
1-6 Hexanedioldiacrylate
(hardener) 14 parts by weight
IRGACURE 651 * (from Ciba)
(u.v. sensitiser) 4 parts by weight
Benzophenone
(photo-initiator) 1.5 parts by weight
BYK344* (from Mallinckrodt)
(dispersion agent) 0.5 parts by weight
* Trade Marks
The coating was cured by ultra-violet irradiation, and the optical properties of the laminate were
unaffected. When the plastics faces of the laminates were subjected to the abrasion test specified in Example
1 it was found that the presence of the coating contributed to a reduction in haze increase.After abrasion of
the unprotected sample it was found that of the light transmitted by the laminate, an additional 2% was
transmitted diffusely. After abrasion of the protected sample, only an additional 1% of transmitted light was
transmitted diffusely.
Similar results have been achieved by applying a similar coating to a glass/polyurethane laminate
manufactured by a method described in British patent application No. 82 12669.
Example 3
A resin of the following composition was substituted for the resin specified in Example 2: PLEX6617-0* 40 parts by weight
PLEX 6618-0* 10 parts by weight
(acrylic resins from Rohm)
Trimethylolpropanetriacrylate 30 parts by weight
1-6 hexanedioldiacrylate
(hardener) 14 parts by weight IRGACURE 651 * (from Ciba)
(u.v. sensitiser) 4 parts by weight
Benzophenone
(photo-initiator) 1.5 parts by weight BYK344* (from Mallinckrodt)
(dispersion agent) 0.5 parts by weight
* Trade Marks
The coating was cured and then tested as specified in Example 2 and very similar results were given.
Claims (7)
1. A method of manufacturing a glass/plastics laminate comprising bonding together transparent glass and plastics plies characterised in that after bonding, there is applied to the exposed plastics surface of the laminate a uniform coating of a fluid, electron-beam or ultra-violet radiation curable resin composition which is then cured in situ to leave an adherent transparent surface coating which is more abrasion resistant than the underlying plastics material.
2. A method according to Claim 1, wherein such resin composition comprises an ultra-violet photo-activator and is cured by ultra-violet radiation.
3. A method according to Claim 1 or 2, wherein said resin composition is applied by a roller technique.
4. A method according to any preceding claim, and substantially as herein described.
5. A glass/plastics laminate manufactured by a method according to any preceding claim.
6. A glass/plastics laminate characterised in that the plastics surface thereof bears a coating of a curable resin composition which includes an ultra-violet photo-activating composition and which is curable to form an adherent transparent surface coating which is more abrasion resistant than the underlying plastics material.
7. A glass/plastics laminate characterised in that the plastics surface thereof bears a coating of an electron-beam curable resin composition which is so curable to form an adherent transparent surface coating which is more abrasion resistant than the underlying plastics material.
Priority Applications (8)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB08234831A GB2131324B (en) | 1982-12-07 | 1982-12-07 | Glass/plastic laminates |
| IT68260/83A IT1159989B (en) | 1982-12-07 | 1983-12-01 | GLASS AND PLASTIC LAMINATES |
| BE1/10913A BE898355A (en) | 1982-12-07 | 1983-12-02 | METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING A GLASS / PLASTIC SHEET PANEL. |
| FR838319536A FR2537125B1 (en) | 1982-12-07 | 1983-12-05 | METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING A GLASS / PLASTIC SHEET PANEL |
| JP58230463A JPS59114049A (en) | 1982-12-07 | 1983-12-06 | Glass/plastics laminate |
| DE19833344069 DE3344069A1 (en) | 1982-12-07 | 1983-12-06 | GLASS / PLASTIC LAMINATES |
| ES1983276413U ES276413Y (en) | 1982-12-07 | 1983-12-07 | GLASS PLASTIC LAMINATE |
| ES528234A ES8500815A1 (en) | 1982-12-07 | 1983-12-07 | Glass/plastic laminates |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB08234831A GB2131324B (en) | 1982-12-07 | 1982-12-07 | Glass/plastic laminates |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB2131324A true GB2131324A (en) | 1984-06-20 |
| GB2131324B GB2131324B (en) | 1986-02-12 |
Family
ID=10534794
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB08234831A Expired GB2131324B (en) | 1982-12-07 | 1982-12-07 | Glass/plastic laminates |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS59114049A (en) |
| BE (1) | BE898355A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3344069A1 (en) |
| ES (2) | ES8500815A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2537125B1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2131324B (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1159989B (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3726033A1 (en) * | 1986-08-09 | 1988-02-18 | Glaverbel | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR BENDING THERMOPLASTIC WINDOWS AND FOR PRODUCING LAMINATED LIGHT-TRANSFER TABLETS |
| US5252265A (en) * | 1991-05-06 | 1993-10-12 | Proel Tecnologie, S.P.A. | Method for the production of manufactured articles of resin or composite material with a polymerizable resin matrix using electron beams |
| CN103237734A (en) * | 2010-12-06 | 2013-08-07 | 兴亚硝子株式会社 | Decorative glass container and method for manufacturing decorative glass container |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0622967B2 (en) * | 1985-12-27 | 1994-03-30 | 日本ペイント株式会社 | Laminated coating on automobile body |
Family Cites Families (18)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BE788868A (en) * | 1971-09-16 | 1973-03-15 | Ppg Industries Inc | METHOD OF MANUFACTURING A SAFETY SHEET GLASS |
| DE2324631A1 (en) * | 1972-05-18 | 1973-11-29 | Sierracin Corp | IMPACT-RESISTANT LIGHT TRANSLUCENT LAMINATE, ESPECIALLY LAMINATED GLASS |
| JPS4928610A (en) * | 1972-07-14 | 1974-03-14 | ||
| CA988965A (en) * | 1972-08-28 | 1976-05-11 | Paul T. Mattimoe | Automotive glazing structure |
| AR205906A1 (en) * | 1973-11-14 | 1976-06-15 | Du Pont | A COMPOSITION OF COATING |
| ZA764846B (en) * | 1975-08-29 | 1977-04-27 | Libbey Owens Ford Co | Automotive glazing structure and method of producing same |
| US4039720A (en) * | 1976-05-03 | 1977-08-02 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | Laminated windshield with improved innerlayer |
| JPS5313231A (en) * | 1976-07-23 | 1978-02-06 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Gas burner |
| US4242403A (en) * | 1976-08-02 | 1980-12-30 | Libbey-Owens-Ford Company | Automotive glazing units and method of producing the same |
| US4272586A (en) * | 1978-02-23 | 1981-06-09 | Denki Kagaku Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Laminated glass product |
| JPS5590516A (en) * | 1978-12-28 | 1980-07-09 | Mitsubishi Rayon Co Ltd | Coating composition with excellent functionality |
| JPS5590445A (en) * | 1978-12-28 | 1980-07-09 | Bridgestone Corp | Laminated glass |
| US4230769A (en) * | 1979-01-29 | 1980-10-28 | General Electric Company | Glass-polycarbonate laminate |
| IT1129885B (en) * | 1979-11-27 | 1986-06-11 | Bfg Glassgroup | PROCEDURE FOR FORMING A MULTI-LAYER LAMINATE |
| US4322476A (en) * | 1979-12-12 | 1982-03-30 | General Electric Company | Impact resistant laminate |
| JPS5699238A (en) * | 1980-01-10 | 1981-08-10 | Mitsubishi Rayon Co Ltd | Abrasion resistant resin composition and preparation of resin molded product using the same |
| GB2119704B (en) * | 1982-04-30 | 1985-09-11 | Glaverbel | Process of forming multi-ply laminates |
| GB2124548B (en) * | 1982-04-30 | 1985-09-11 | Glaverbel | Process of forming a curved glass-plastics laminate |
-
1982
- 1982-12-07 GB GB08234831A patent/GB2131324B/en not_active Expired
-
1983
- 1983-12-01 IT IT68260/83A patent/IT1159989B/en active
- 1983-12-02 BE BE1/10913A patent/BE898355A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1983-12-05 FR FR838319536A patent/FR2537125B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1983-12-06 DE DE19833344069 patent/DE3344069A1/en not_active Ceased
- 1983-12-06 JP JP58230463A patent/JPS59114049A/en active Pending
- 1983-12-07 ES ES528234A patent/ES8500815A1/en not_active Expired
- 1983-12-07 ES ES1983276413U patent/ES276413Y/en not_active Expired
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3726033A1 (en) * | 1986-08-09 | 1988-02-18 | Glaverbel | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR BENDING THERMOPLASTIC WINDOWS AND FOR PRODUCING LAMINATED LIGHT-TRANSFER TABLETS |
| US5252265A (en) * | 1991-05-06 | 1993-10-12 | Proel Tecnologie, S.P.A. | Method for the production of manufactured articles of resin or composite material with a polymerizable resin matrix using electron beams |
| CN103237734A (en) * | 2010-12-06 | 2013-08-07 | 兴亚硝子株式会社 | Decorative glass container and method for manufacturing decorative glass container |
| US20130248528A1 (en) * | 2010-12-06 | 2013-09-26 | Koa Glass Co., Ltd. | Decorative glass container and method for manufacturing decorative glass container |
| CN103237734B (en) * | 2010-12-06 | 2015-03-04 | 兴亚硝子株式会社 | Decorative glass container and method for manufacturing decorative glass container |
| US10202216B2 (en) | 2010-12-06 | 2019-02-12 | Koa Glass Co., Ltd. | Decorative glass container and method for manufacturing decorative glass container |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE3344069A1 (en) | 1984-06-07 |
| ES276413U (en) | 1984-04-16 |
| ES276413Y (en) | 1984-12-01 |
| ES528234A0 (en) | 1984-11-01 |
| JPS59114049A (en) | 1984-06-30 |
| IT1159989B (en) | 1987-03-04 |
| FR2537125B1 (en) | 1991-10-11 |
| FR2537125A1 (en) | 1984-06-08 |
| BE898355A (en) | 1984-06-04 |
| GB2131324B (en) | 1986-02-12 |
| ES8500815A1 (en) | 1984-11-01 |
| IT8368260A0 (en) | 1983-12-01 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 19971207 |