GB2122328A - Refractory brick - Google Patents

Abstract

An assemblage of octagonal prismatic refractory bricks having matching central tetragonal bores 12, wide side faces 10 and narrow side faces 11. The top face has raised sections 16 and recessed sections 14 and the bottom face has similar sections complementary to the sections on the top face. The steps 17 between each section make the same angle with an imaginary line drawn radially from the centre of bore 12. The face of the step 17 between each section forms a bevel between raised section 16 and recessed section 14. <IMAGE>

Description

SPECIFICATION Refractory brick The present invention relates to refractory checker bricks and their use in the construction of heat exchangers such as for example hot blast stoves, recuperators or regenerators.

In the usual layout of heat exchangers of the above type, the checker bricks are stacked in a chamber one layer upon another supported by a grate-like structure near the bottom of the chamber. In operation the checkerwork is alternately heated by waste hot gases resulting from burning of fuel in an associated furnace and cooled by gases which it is desired to hear for use in the burning of fuel. The result of this cycle of operations involving expansion and contraction of the checkerwork is to set up forces rending to displace and twist the columns of checkerwork.

The present invention seeks to provide a checker brick which minimisesthis disadvantage.

Accordingly the present invention provides an octagonal prismatic refractory brick having a centrally disposed bore, or bores preferably tetragonal in cross section extending between the top and bottom surfaces of the brick, each of which top and bottom surfaces is divided into four sections or lands which are each heptagonal in plan such that each section is at a level different from that of its neighbours but at the same level as the remaining section so as to form a surface having two raised sections and two recessed sections separated by steps.

In an alternative aspect the invention provides an octagonal prismatic refractory brick having a bore or bores extending therethrough between the octagonal faces thereof, a perimeter portion of each of the said octagonal faces being divided into alternating higher and lower lands lying in parallel planes and joined by wall portions wherein each upper and each lower land extends from intermediate the ends of one side of a respective octagonal face to intermediate the ends of the next but one side of the face.

Preferably each wall surface joining higher and lower lands lies at about the mid-point of a side of the respective octagonal face of the brick.

Preferably, the perimeter portion of each face containing the lands is defined between the edges of the octagonal face and the periphery of a single central bore.

Preferably the raised and recessed sections of one surface are complemented by recessed and raised sections on the other surface.

In particular, when the raised and recessed sections are of equal area and shape it is preferred that the raised and recessed sections of one surface are complemented by recessed and raised sections on the other surface.

The centre line between the inner and outer perimeters of each section of the top and bottom surfaces of the brick desirably extends from the mid point of one of the sides of the brick to the mid point of a next but one side. Preferably the octagonal faces have alternating long and short sides so that the brick has alternating wide and narrow parallelogram sides and the centre line of each section extends from the mid point of one of the wide sides of the mid point of a next wide side.

The steps or wall portions between each section may lie on a notional straight radial line from the centre of the bore or brick but are preferably set at an angle to such a notional line.

The wall portion defining the step between a raised section and a recessed section may be at right angles to the two planes of the surface of each section but preferably forms a bevel between the two surfaces.

In an alternative aspect of the invention provides an octagonal prismatic refractory brick having a bore or bores extending therethrough between the octagonal faces thereof, a perimeter portion of each of the said octagonal face being divided into alternating higher and lower lands lying in parallel planes and joined bywall portions forming a bevel between the said parallel planes.

The present invention also provides for sn assemblage of prismatic refractory bricks described above wherein the bricks are arranged in side by side abutting relationship in superimposed layers in which bricks in any one intermediate layer interlock with bricks in the adjoining layers and in which, in general, any one brick in any one layer contacts four bricks in an adjoining layer to form passages extending vertically through the assemblage. In an alternative assemblage the bricks may be arranged to form horizontal passages extending through the assemblage.

Preferably the bricks in an intermediate layer lie shifted one whole brick with respect to bricks in each adjacent layer and preferably alternate layers thereto correspond to one another. To this end the shape and size of the lands on the perimeter portion of the brick should be such that when four bricks are arranged in a layer to enclose a central opening, the lands on the perimeter portions surrounding the opening are fully interlockable with the lands on one face of a single brick.

Moreover the present invention provides a hot blast stove or recuperator or regenerator or other heat exchange apparatus containing such an assemblage of refractory bricks.

The present invention wiil be illustrated by the following description of a preferred embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawings in which Figure 1 is an isometric view of part of an assemblage of bricks and Figure 2 is another isomeric view of part of an assemblage of bricks showing a different locking system between the bricks.

Referring to Figure 1 of the drawing this shows a plurality of octagonal prismatic bricks such as 1 having a central tetragonal bore 12, wide side faces 10 and narrow side faces 11. The top face has raised sections 16 and recessed sections 14 the mid lines of which extend from the mid line across the top face of one wide side to the mid line across the top face of the next wide side. The bottom face has similar sections complementary to the sections on the top face. The steps 17 between each section make the same angle with an imaginary line drawn radially from the centre of bore 12. The face of the step 17 between each section forms a bevel between raised section 16 and recessed section 14.

In making an assemblage of the bricks such as 1, the narrow side faces 11 are abutted in any one layer each set of four bricks thus forming a bore 22. In adjoining layers the bricks are so arranged that the raised section in one layer fits into half of the recessed section of two bricks in the next layer as illustrated with bricks 2,3 and 4. This means that the bore 22 formed by four bricks on one layer connects with the bore 12 of one brick in the next layer. It also means that the four bricks forming a bore 22 are locked together by the action of steps 17 on adjoining layers bearing upon each other if there is any incipient relative movement in the bricks.

Referring to Figure 2 of the drawing this differs from Figure 1 in the angle the steps 17 make with an imaginary radial line drawn from the centre of bore 12 and in the fact that the configuration of the sections is the same on the top and bottom surfaces.

It can be seen that in both the embodiment of Figure 1 and the embodiment of figure a the shape of the bricks is such that when they are laid out in a single layerwith corresponding side faces in contact composite higher and lower lands are formed, each composed of s pair of higher or lower lands derived from just two touching bricks. Each composite land, is divided by a a piane (A - A on Figure 1) perpendicularly through the centre of the touching sides into a pair of lands, (one shown hatched) each having a shape which corresponds to the shape of an interlockable land of a single brick. Thereby, it is possible to lay the next layer of bricks shifted by one whole brick position with respect to the first. In particular it can be seen that the shaded composite land portion of Figure 1 corresponds in shape to a lower land of any one brick.

CLAIMS (Filed on 2.6.83) 1. An octagonal prismatic refractory brick having a centrally disposed bore or bores extending between the top and bottom surfaces of the brick, each of which top and bottom surfaces is divided into four sections or lands which are each heptagonal in plan such that each section is at a level different from that of its neighbours but at the same level as the remaining section so as to form a surface having two raised sections and two recessed sections separated by steps.

2. An octagonal prismatic refractory brick having a bore or bores extending therethrough between the octagonal faces thereof, a perimeter portion of each of the said octagonal faces being divided into alternating higher and lower lands lying in parallel planes and joined by wall portions wherein each upper and each lower land extends from intermediate the ends of one side of a respective octagonal face to intermediate the ends of the next but one side of the face.

3. A brick as claimed in claim 2 wherein each wall surface joining higher and lower lands lies at about the mid-point of a side of the respective octagonal face of the brick.

4. A brick as claimed in any preceding claim wherein the perimeter portion of each face containing the lands is defined between the edges of the octagonal face and the periphery of a single central bore.

5. A brick as claimed in any preceding claim wherein the or each bore is tetragonal is cross section.

6. A brick as claimed in any preceding claim wherein the raised and recessed sections of one surface are complemented by recessed and raised sections on the other surface.

7. A brick as claimed in claim 6 wherein the raised and recessed sections are of equal area and shape.

8. A brick as claimed in any preceding claim wherein the centre line between the inner and outer perimeters of each section of the top and bottom surfaces of the brick desirably extends from the mid point of one of the sides of the brick to the mid point - of a next but one side.

9. A brick as claimed in claim 8 wherein the octagonal faces have alternating long and short sides so that the brick has alternating wide and narrow parallelogram sides and the centre line of each section extends from the mid point of one of the wide sides to the mid point of a next wide side.

10. A brick as claimed in any preceding claim wherein wail portions defining the steps between a raised section and a recessed section forms a bevel between the surfaces of the two sections.

11. An octagonal prismatic refractory brick having a bore or bores extending therethrough between the octagonal faces thereof, a perimeter portion of each of the said octagonal face being divided into alternating higher and lower lands lying in parallel planes and joined by wall portions forming a bevel between the said parallel planes.

12. A brick substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to and as illustrated in Figure 1 or Figure 2 of the accompanying drawings.

13. An assemblage of prismatic refractory bricks as claimed in any preceding claim wherein the bricks are arranged in side by side abutting relationship in superimposed layers in which bricks in any one intermediate layer interlock with bricks in the adjoining layers and in which, in general, any one brick in any one layer contacts four bricks in an adjoining layer to form passages extending vertically or horizontally through the assemblage.

14. An assemblage as claimed in claim 13 wherein the bricks in an intermediate layer lie shifted one whole brick with respect to bricks in each adjacent layer and preferably alternate layers thereto correspond to one another.

15. An assemblage as claimed in claim 13 or claim 14 wherein the shape and size of the lands on the perimeter portion of each brick is such that when four bricks are arranged in a layer to enclose a central opening, the lands on the perimeter portions surrounding the opening are fully interlockable with the lands on one face of a single brick.

16. An assemblage of bricks substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to and as illustrated in Figure 1 or Figure 2 of the accompany

**WARNING** end of DESC field may overlap start of CLMS **.

Claims (17)

**WARNING** start of CLMS field may overlap end of DESC **. from the centre of bore 12. The face of the step 17 between each section forms a bevel between raised section 16 and recessed section 14. In making an assemblage of the bricks such as 1, the narrow side faces 11 are abutted in any one layer each set of four bricks thus forming a bore 22. In adjoining layers the bricks are so arranged that the raised section in one layer fits into half of the recessed section of two bricks in the next layer as illustrated with bricks 2,3 and 4. This means that the bore 22 formed by four bricks on one layer connects with the bore 12 of one brick in the next layer. It also means that the four bricks forming a bore 22 are locked together by the action of steps 17 on adjoining layers bearing upon each other if there is any incipient relative movement in the bricks. Referring to Figure 2 of the drawing this differs from Figure 1 in the angle the steps 17 make with an imaginary radial line drawn from the centre of bore 12 and in the fact that the configuration of the sections is the same on the top and bottom surfaces. It can be seen that in both the embodiment of Figure 1 and the embodiment of figure a the shape of the bricks is such that when they are laid out in a single layerwith corresponding side faces in contact composite higher and lower lands are formed, each composed of s pair of higher or lower lands derived from just two touching bricks. Each composite land, is divided by a a piane (A - A on Figure 1) perpendicularly through the centre of the touching sides into a pair of lands, (one shown hatched) each having a shape which corresponds to the shape of an interlockable land of a single brick. Thereby, it is possible to lay the next layer of bricks shifted by one whole brick position with respect to the first. In particular it can be seen that the shaded composite land portion of Figure 1 corresponds in shape to a lower land of any one brick. CLAIMS (Filed on 2.6.83)

1. An octagonal prismatic refractory brick having a centrally disposed bore or bores extending between the top and bottom surfaces of the brick, each of which top and bottom surfaces is divided into four sections or lands which are each heptagonal in plan such that each section is at a level different from that of its neighbours but at the same level as the remaining section so as to form a surface having two raised sections and two recessed sections separated by steps.

2. An octagonal prismatic refractory brick having a bore or bores extending therethrough between the octagonal faces thereof, a perimeter portion of each of the said octagonal faces being divided into alternating higher and lower lands lying in parallel planes and joined by wall portions wherein each upper and each lower land extends from intermediate the ends of one side of a respective octagonal face to intermediate the ends of the next but one side of the face.

3. A brick as claimed in claim 2 wherein each wall surface joining higher and lower lands lies at about the mid-point of a side of the respective octagonal face of the brick.

4. A brick as claimed in any preceding claim wherein the perimeter portion of each face containing the lands is defined between the edges of the octagonal face and the periphery of a single central bore.

5. A brick as claimed in any preceding claim wherein the or each bore is tetragonal is cross section.

6. A brick as claimed in any preceding claim wherein the raised and recessed sections of one surface are complemented by recessed and raised sections on the other surface.

7. A brick as claimed in claim 6 wherein the raised and recessed sections are of equal area and shape.

8. A brick as claimed in any preceding claim wherein the centre line between the inner and outer perimeters of each section of the top and bottom surfaces of the brick desirably extends from the mid point of one of the sides of the brick to the mid point - of a next but one side.

9. A brick as claimed in claim 8 wherein the octagonal faces have alternating long and short sides so that the brick has alternating wide and narrow parallelogram sides and the centre line of each section extends from the mid point of one of the wide sides to the mid point of a next wide side.

10. A brick as claimed in any preceding claim wherein wail portions defining the steps between a raised section and a recessed section forms a bevel between the surfaces of the two sections.

11. An octagonal prismatic refractory brick having a bore or bores extending therethrough between the octagonal faces thereof, a perimeter portion of each of the said octagonal face being divided into alternating higher and lower lands lying in parallel planes and joined by wall portions forming a bevel between the said parallel planes.

12. A brick substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to and as illustrated in Figure 1 or Figure 2 of the accompanying drawings.

13. An assemblage of prismatic refractory bricks as claimed in any preceding claim wherein the bricks are arranged in side by side abutting relationship in superimposed layers in which bricks in any one intermediate layer interlock with bricks in the adjoining layers and in which, in general, any one brick in any one layer contacts four bricks in an adjoining layer to form passages extending vertically or horizontally through the assemblage.

14. An assemblage as claimed in claim 13 wherein the bricks in an intermediate layer lie shifted one whole brick with respect to bricks in each adjacent layer and preferably alternate layers thereto correspond to one another.

15. An assemblage as claimed in claim 13 or claim 14 wherein the shape and size of the lands on the perimeter portion of each brick is such that when four bricks are arranged in a layer to enclose a central opening, the lands on the perimeter portions surrounding the opening are fully interlockable with the lands on one face of a single brick.

16. An assemblage of bricks substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to and as illustrated in Figure 1 or Figure 2 of the accompany

ing drawings.

17. A hot blast stove or recuperator or regenerator or other heat exchange apparatus containing an assemblage of refractory bricks as claimed in any one of claims 13 to 16.