GB2115092A - Drive unit with electromagnetically- operated friction brake - Google Patents

Drive unit with electromagnetically- operated friction brake Download PDF

Info

Publication number
GB2115092A
GB2115092A GB08304101A GB8304101A GB2115092A GB 2115092 A GB2115092 A GB 2115092A GB 08304101 A GB08304101 A GB 08304101A GB 8304101 A GB8304101 A GB 8304101A GB 2115092 A GB2115092 A GB 2115092A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
drive unit
brake
annulus
armature
electromagnetically
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
GB08304101A
Other versions
GB2115092B (en
GB8304101D0 (en
Inventor
Siefried Winkelmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ZF Friedrichshafen AG
Original Assignee
ZF Friedrichshafen AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ZF Friedrichshafen AG filed Critical ZF Friedrichshafen AG
Publication of GB8304101D0 publication Critical patent/GB8304101D0/en
Publication of GB2115092A publication Critical patent/GB2115092A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of GB2115092B publication Critical patent/GB2115092B/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D27/00—Magnetically- or electrically- actuated clutches; Control or electric circuits therefor
    • F16D27/02—Magnetically- or electrically- actuated clutches; Control or electric circuits therefor with electromagnets incorporated in the clutch, i.e. with collecting rings
    • F16D27/04—Magnetically- or electrically- actuated clutches; Control or electric circuits therefor with electromagnets incorporated in the clutch, i.e. with collecting rings with axially-movable friction surfaces
    • F16D27/06—Magnetically- or electrically- actuated clutches; Control or electric circuits therefor with electromagnets incorporated in the clutch, i.e. with collecting rings with axially-movable friction surfaces with friction surfaces arranged within the flux
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D55/00—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/10—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters
    • H02K7/102—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters with friction brakes
    • H02K7/1021—Magnetically influenced friction brakes
    • H02K7/1023—Magnetically influenced friction brakes using electromagnets
    • H02K7/1025—Magnetically influenced friction brakes using electromagnets using axial electromagnets with generally annular air gap
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2121/00—Type of actuator operation force
    • F16D2121/18—Electric or magnetic
    • F16D2121/20—Electric or magnetic using electromagnets

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Braking Arrangements (AREA)
  • Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)

Abstract

An electromagnetically-operated friction brake is provided for stopping and holding a shaft (3) of a drive unit (1) such as an electric motor or gear unit. The brake comprises an electromagnet (8, 9) and an axially-movable armature annulus (5) fixed to an output wheel (4) fast with the shaft (3). Energisation of the electromagnet (8, 9) pulls the annulus (5) into contact with a friction surface (10) formed on a collar (6) formed on an end cover (2) of the casing of the drive unit. The collar (6) is of magnetic material and is machined to provide both a cavity (7) for the electromagnet coils (9), and the said friction surface (10). <IMAGE>

Description

SPECIFICATION Drive unit with electromagnetically-operated friction brake The present invention relates to drive units with electromagnetically-operated friction brakes for stopping and holding a drive shaft of the unit. As used herein, the term "drive unit" is intended to cover not only motor units (such as electric motors) but also transmission units (such as gear units and clutches).
Drive units with electromagnetically-operated brakes have been known for a long time, for example, for the backlash-free arresting of electric motors used, in particular, in machine-tool drives and lifting equipment.
In one known type of drive unit provided with an electromagnetically-operated friction brake for stopping and holding a drive shaft of the unit, the brake comprises an armature annulus mounted on an output wheel which is fast for rotation with the said drive shaft, a member mounted on a casing of the unit and formed with a friction surface facing the armature annulus, and an electromagnet mounted on an end cover of said casing adjacent the output wheel and including a coil assembly and magnetic circuit elements, the arrangement of the brake being such thatenergisation of the electromagnet is effective to cause frictional contact between the armature annulus and the friction surface.Thus for example, SIEMENS-Catalogue DA 36/1982 illustrates on pages 3/34 and 3/35 an electromagnetic brake in which a unified magnetic circuit structure is secured by screws to a purpose designed bearing cover of an electric motor; this structure serves to house the coil of the electromagnet and also bears the friction surface which is engageable with the brake armature annulus carried by the motor.
This state of the art drive-unit brake requires special machining of the casing end cover for screw holes as well as a large number of individually machined parts with their associated high levels of material usage and machining costs. In addition, the brake construction significantly increases the length and weight of the drive unit.
It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a drive unit with an electromagnetically operated brake which reduces the amount of machining and assembly work involved.
According to the present invention, there is provided a drive unit of the aforesaid type characterised in that the said casing end cover is made of a magnetic material and has an integral collar formed opposite the armature annulus, said collar having a cavity formed therein in which said coil assembly is disposed and the surface of the collar facing the armature annulus being formed as said friction surface.
Due to this arrangement, the casing end cover not only serves to locate the coil assembly, but also provides both the magnetic circuit elements of the electromagnet and the member formed with the friction surface. A number of advantages result from this arrangement, namely: - by dispensing with the use of separate magnetic circuit elements requiring to be screwed onto the drive unit, the need to machine the end cover with fixing screw holes is obviated as is the timeconsuming operation of securing the circuit elements onto the cover; - the number of component parts involved in considerably reduced;; - the mounting of the coil assembly in the casing end cover results in a considerable reduction in constructional length of the brake whereby the output wheel can be disposed closer to the main part of the drive unit - this is advantageous as it reduces the length of the drive shaft, thereby reducing torsional and bending forces and enabling a lighter and more compact shaft to be employed; - the risk of soiling the braking region is reduced due to reduced interspaces; - the cavity housing the coil assembly and the front friction surface can now be formed in a common machining operation together with the rotary machining of the casing end cover.
A drive unit brake embodying the invention will now be particularly described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying diagrammatic drawing the sole Figure of which is an axial half section through the brake.
A drive shaft 3 of a drive unit 1 (for example, a motor) is supported in bearings 11 mounted in an end cover 2 of a drive-unit casing. An output wheel 4 (pulley) is mounted fast for rotation on the external end of the shaft 3. An armature annulus 5 is fixed in an axially mobile manner on to that end surface of the output wheel 4 which faces towards the drive unit; the annulus 5 can be mounted on the output wheel 4 either with or without the aid of a support disc. The casing end cover 2 is formed opposite the annulus 5 and over approximately the same diameter range, with a collar 6 of magnetic material into which a coil cavity 7 is machined. This cavity 7 is open towards the annulus 5 and serves to locate coils 9 of an electromagnet, these coils being embraced at least on three sides by a magnetic circuit element structure 8 constituted by the collar 6 of magnetic material.In addition, the axial end surface 10 of the collar 6 which face the annulus 5 is machined to provide a friction surface 10 for contact with the armature annulus 5.
In operation, energisation of the electromagnet coils 9 results in the annulus 5 being pulled into frictional engagement with the surface 10 thereby applying a brake torque to the shaft 3.
The main advantages of drive units embodying the invention have already been discussed above and will not now be repeated; these advantages are, of course, attained whether the drive unit is an internal combustion engine, electric motor, gear box, coupling, or the like.
The direct integration of the magnetic circuit element 8 into the drive unit 1 also has the advantage of good seaiability of the electrical connections to the coils, particularly when the drive unit is an electric motor.
The described drive-unit brake is not only advantageous in terms of manufacturing costs and an improved range of application, but also improves operational reliability and safety. This is particularly the case in those applications which are especially subject to accidents such as lifting appliance drives and machine tools, where a brake failure usually has very serious consequences.

Claims (3)

1. A drive unit provided with an electromagnetically-operated friction brake for stopping and holidng a drive shaft of the unit, the brake comprising an armature annul us mounted on an output wheel which is fast for rotation with the said drive shaft, a member mounted on a casing of the unit and formed with a friction surface facing the armature annulus, and an electromagnet mounted on an end cover of said casing adjacent the output wheel and including a coil assembly and magnetic circuit elements, the arrangement of the brake being such that energisation of the electromagnet is effective to cause frictional contact between the armature annulus and the friction surface, characterised in that the said casing end cover is made of a magnetic material and has an integral collar formed opposite the armature, said collar having a cavity formed therein in which said coil assembly is disposed and the surface of the collar facing the armature annulus being formed as said friction surface.
2. A drive unit according to Claim 1, wherein the said cavity opens towards the armature annulus.
3. A drive unit provided with an electromagnetically-operable friction brake, the drive unit and brake being substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying drawing.
GB08304101A 1982-02-19 1983-02-15 Drive unit with electromagnetically-operated friction brake Expired GB2115092B (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3205980A DE3205980C2 (en) 1982-02-19 1982-02-19 Electromagnetic holding brake

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB8304101D0 GB8304101D0 (en) 1983-03-16
GB2115092A true GB2115092A (en) 1983-09-01
GB2115092B GB2115092B (en) 1985-09-25

Family

ID=6156177

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB08304101A Expired GB2115092B (en) 1982-02-19 1983-02-15 Drive unit with electromagnetically-operated friction brake

Country Status (3)

Country Link
DE (1) DE3205980C2 (en)
GB (1) GB2115092B (en)
IT (1) IT1193641B (en)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3506740A1 (en) * 1985-02-26 1986-08-28 Dictator Technik - Ruef & Co, 8902 Neusäß Rotation damper for closing drives of revolving doors, sliding doors or the like
DE102018117017A1 (en) * 2018-07-13 2020-01-16 Witte Automotive Gmbh Drive device for a door

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE602937C (en) * 1934-09-29 Henschel & Sohn A G Lubricating device for transmissions of motor vehicles
GB519626A (en) * 1938-08-25 1940-04-02 Rover Co Ltd Magnetically-controlled change-speed gearing

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3205980C2 (en) 1985-10-03
GB2115092B (en) 1985-09-25
GB8304101D0 (en) 1983-03-16
IT8319326A0 (en) 1983-01-28
DE3205980A1 (en) 1983-09-08
IT1193641B (en) 1988-07-21

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PCNP Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee