GB2096960A

GB2096960A - Freight-retaining stanchion for vehicles

Info

Publication number: GB2096960A
Application number: GB8210666A
Authority: GB
Original assignee: Theodor Wuppermann GmbH
Current assignee: Theodor Wuppermann GmbH
Priority date: 1981-04-16
Filing date: 1982-04-13
Publication date: 1982-10-27
Also published as: FR2504074B3; FR2504074A1; BE892862A; CH658227A5; DE3115362A1; SE8202338L; AT376183B; ATA147282A

Abstract

Railway flat wagons have pairs of stanchions into which there is built a device for holding down the freight to be transported, principally. Freight of an elongated nature is retained in a railway flat wagon or a lorry by pairs of stanchions each consisting of two adjacently arranged profile members (9, 10) which are connected by connecting members (11, 29), each profile member (9, 10) being provided with transverse holes (12, 13) for receiving mounting bolts. The profile members (9, 10) are constructed, from the base of the stanchion to the top of the stanchion, as uniform profile members having webs and flanges extending along the length of the stanchion. Furthermore, the connecting members (28) are provided on the upper and lower edges with curved recesses (29). A stanchion construction of this type gives an extremely light structural type with a high degree of design strength and maximum operability. <IMAGE>

Description

SPECIFICATION Stanchion for a freight-retaining device for freight vehicles and lorries This invention relates to a stanchion for a freight-reatining device for freight vehicles and lorries, more particularly for railway flat wagons such as railway flat wagons having fixed bogies.

The device is mainly used for retaining freight of an elongated nature, such as pipes, long wood, stacks of sawn timber, and the like.

A known freight-retaining device for flat railway wagons consists of stanchions having a heavy cast or forged lower part and an upper part which is also made of several heavy parts. The outer part of the upper part of the stanchion comprises two severed, broad-flanged members, while on the side adjacent to the wagon there is arranged across the entire width of the stanchion a solid wide flat steel plate which is welded to the webs of the two broad-flanged members and which forms with them a stanchion unit.

It is further known for the stanchions to have along their length two or more components having transversely-extending weld points, thereby to form a heavy base for the stanchion, the upper components being lighter. The transverselyextending weld points, in order to withstand the forces which act on the stanchion, require weld seams which are labour-intensive and difficult to produce. In this case, the lower transverse seam, that is, the separating line at the upper edge of the base of the stanchion, is still located in what is a highly stressed part of the stanchion, which calls for the greatest care in welding the seam, thereby increasing the manufacturing costs.

The known stanchions are constructed very sturdily due to the high load requirements. This gives rise to high dead weights, which greatly reduce the load capacity as the axle loads are limited and cannot be increased as will. The loadbearing height of the stanchions cannot be increased at will because the load limit cannot be altered, and accordingly, in order to increase the transverse rigidity, it is necessary to use an arrangement of web plates which extend into the actual freight-carrying space. However, this prevents loading in this area and reduces the freight-carrying width of the wagon. Furthermore, the dead weight of the stanchion is thereby increased. A plurality of such heavy stanchions affects in the case of a goods train or the like the useful freight-carrying capacity of the train and reduces its efficiency.The disadvantages of such heavy stanchions is aggravated by the many times of use of a wagon during its lifetime.

According to the presentinvention, there is provided a stanchion for a freight-retaining device for freight vehicles and lorries, more particularly railway flat wagons, comprising two adjacentlyarranged profile members each provided with transverse holes for receiving mounting bolts, wherein the profile members, from the base of the stanchion to the top of the stanchion, are uniform profile members whose web and flanges extend along the length of the stanchion, the profile members being partially interconnected by connecting members.

In use, the stanchion is associated with a device, such as a belt, for holding down the freight. The stanchions have the task of absorbing transverse and longitudinal forces and stresses, and the forces of the belt, and of transmitting these to the wagon. One stanchion is provided with a means for holding the belt at a fixed point, while the other stanchion is provided with a spring-loaded tensioning device for holding the belt. Each of the stanchions has at various heights rollers over which the securing belt or the like can pass and can also be adjusted in terms of height in stages to the freight so that the freight is immovably secured in position.

The stanchion design enables even that part of the stanchion which has to provide for mounting on the wagon platform and hence for the transfer of forces, to be capable of being of an extremely light construction. A reduction in the structural thickness is also possible, the stanchion proving to be lighter than the known stanchions. Heavier useful loads can thereby be carried by the wagon, which gives rise to improved utliization which has a considerable effect on the economic viability of the vehicle. Furthermore, the stanchion can be cheaper two manufacture and lighter, and can be safer in that weld seams are not necessary.

The components which serve as connecting members are advantageously provided on the upper and lower edges with curved recesses. This thereby produces a gradual transition of the tension resulting from stress, thereby preventing fatigue troughs and stress peaks. Such connecting members are adapted to the variation in the stress flow and are also constructed so that they meet welding requirements and ensure the integral behaviour of both of the profile members which form the stanchions.

Insert members, for example blocks or the like, can be arranged around the mounting holes between the flanges, and welded thereto. This thereby produces simple reinforcement of the mounting point of the profile member, which is weakened by the mounting hole. There is also satisfactory transmission of force from the stanchion to the wagon.

The rigidity of the stanchion can also be increased by providing the profile members with flange plates welded thereon in the region of the mounting holes on the inside and/or outside and on the sides remote from the wagon, respectively, which flange plates taper towards the ends.

Furthermore, the webs of the profile members can consist of two opposite U-shaped profile members with the flanges becoming narrower towards the respective ends. This design provides adaptation to static and dynamic stress variation, an increase in strength, and a weight saving.

According to a further feature of the invention, the profile members of the stanchion are formed of cold profile members having a U-shaped or Cshaped cross-section. The cold profile members, in cross-section, can be arranged with their openings towards one another. The profile member can be designed so that cold profile members having a Ushaped or C-shaped cross-section lie with their webs together. The use of cold profile members as the profile members of the stanchion results in a considerable weight saving with, at the same time, adequate strength and rigidity on the part of the profile member and the stanchion. Another result of this is that the stanchion is simple to manufacture.

Preferably, the sides and/or the webs of the cold profile members are provided with longitudinally extending heads. Therefore, the profile member can be formed by flanges provided with inwardly and outwardly arranged longitudinal beads. Advantageously, the flanges are shaped inwards by beading in the region of the web seam so that the weld runs between the web and the flange as far as possible from the outside edge as most heavily stressed zone in the direction of the neutral zone, which gives rise to an increase in continuous creep strength. The outwardly extending beads can at the same time act as a stopping means for a protective bearing surface member (which consists of wood, synthetic material or similar material) which is disposed towards the inside of the wagon. The lateral boundary parts for this bearing surface which are otherwise applied by welding are not necessary.

Sharp edges are avoided by gentle rounding or by a triangular form of the bead cross-section, providing protection against damage of the freight being conveyed. At the mounting holes, the insert members are advantageously enclosed by a Ushaped or C-shaped cold profile member, the sides of the cold profile member being able to engage in recesses or grooves of the insert member.

For a better understanding of the invention, reference will now be made, by way of example, to the accompanying drawings in which: Figure 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view through a load platform, provided with a stanchion according to the invention to the left and to the right of the platform, and with a device for holding down the freight to be conveyed; Figures 2 and 3 are cross-sectional views onto the stanchion of Figure 1, in accordance with arrows II and Ill; Figures 4 to 9 are cross-sections through the stanchions, along lines lV-lV to IX-IX of Figures 2 and 3; Figures 10 to 11 are a front view and a lateral view of another stanchion according to the invention;; Figures 1 2 to 1 4 are cross-sectional views through the stanchion of Figure 10, along lines Xll-Xll to XIV--XIV; Figures 1 5 and 16 are a front view and a lateral view of another stanchion according to the invention; Figure 1 7 is a cross-sectional view, along line XVll-XVll of Figure 1 5; Figures 18 and 19 are a front view and a lateral view of another stanchion according to the invention; Figures 20 to 22 are cross-sectional views, along lines XX-XX to XXll-XXll of Figure 18; Figures 23 and 24 are a front view and a lateral view of another stanchion according to the invention;; Figures 25, 26 and 27 are cross-sectional views along lines XXV-XXV to XXVlI-XXVll of Figure 23.

Figure 28 is a view of another stanchion according to the invention; Figure 29 is a cross-sectional view, along line XXIX--XXIX of Figure 28; Figure 30 is a view of the lower part of a modified stanchion according to the invention; and Figures 31,32 and 33 are cross-sectional views along lines XXXl-XXXl to XXXIII--XXXIII of Figure 30.

Referring to Figures 1 to 9, stanchions 4 and 5 are detachably fixed to a platform 1 having longitudinal edge members 2 and connecting supports 3 welded thereto, by means of mounting bolts 6 and 7. The stanchions 4 and 5 on the two sides of the platform 1 have the same basic design, and are arranged to receive a holding device consisting of a stretchable belt 8 which extends from the stanchion on one side to the stanchion on the other side, and which is intended to hold down the freight to be carried. The stanchions each consist of two adjacentlyarranged profile members 9 and 10 which are interconnected by connecting members 11. Each profile member has at the lower end, transverse mounting holes 12 and 1 3 which serve to receive the mounting bolts 6 and 7. Between the profile members 9 and 10, there are mounted rollers 14 over which the belt 8 is guided.The stanchion 5 on one side of the platform 1 receives one end of the belt 8 by means of one of pairs of recessed plates 1 6 in which an end member 1 5 of the belt can engage. The stanchion 4 on the other side of the platform 1 is provided with a tensioning device 17 for securing the belt 8. This tensioning device 17 consists of a tension lever 1 8, a cam 19 and levers 20 and 21, to the latter of which a link member 22 is connected via a damping element 23. Depending upon the height of the freight to be carried, the belt 8 is guided over the guide rollers located at the corresponding height The profile members 9 and 10 of the stanchions 4 and 5 are profile members 25 which are uniform from the base of the stanchion to the top of the stanchion, and which consist of flanges 27 and a web 26 extending along the entire length of the stanchion. The profile members 25 are interconnected partially along their length by connecting members 28 fixed to the outer and/or inner flanges of the profile members 25. The connecting members 28 have curved recesses in their upper and lower edges, whereby there is a relatively high level of design and fatigue strength and also adaptation to the variation of the forces to be transmitted. The recesses 29 at the same time help to save weight.Insert members 30 and 31 are inserted in the profile members around the mounting holes 12 and 13. These insert members are advantageously blocks which are frictionally connected to flanges 27 and also to the webs 26 by welding. The weakening of the profile members caused by the presence of the mounting holes is thereby offset. In the region of the upper and lower mounting holes 12 and 13, there are respectively a fishplate 32 adapted to the flanges 27 and a fishplate 32a and 32b adapted to the insert members 30 and 31. These fishplates engage matching fitting strips 33 and 33a on the supports 3, 3a and 3b. The insert members 31 are advantageously angular. It is not necessary to bend the flanges 27, and these can therefore end a little above the base of the stanchion.The bolts 6 connect the base of the stanchion to the front of the upper support 3b by hooked retaining members 34 which engage around the wagon plate. The stanchion remains in its lateral position even if, due to whatever circumstances, the bolts 6 and 7 become unbolted or loose.

In order to prevent damage to the freight, the flanges 27 which point towards the platform 1 are provided with surface members 36 of wood, synthetic material, or the like, which members 36 can be bevelled at the edges. The surface members 36 are secured by, for example, retaining ledges 37 which are secured to the respective flanges 27 by means of, for example, bolts 38.

The profile members 25 are preferably reinforced in the region of the mounting holes.

Thus, the transition from the inserts 30 and 31 to the web 26 can be strengthened by oblique fishplates 40 and 41 which are welded in place.

The strength of the flat structure of the profile members is thereby substaptially increased without the base of the stanchion being too heavy.

Figures 10 to 14 shows a stanchion 42 whose profile members 25 are constructed in essentially the same manner as described above. The profile members 25 have the same cross-section from the base of the stanchion to the top of the stanchion. At the upper end the profile members are provided with outwardly-extending bevelled members 42 so that, in the event of impact of the freight with the stanchions, for example when loading, these members 43 assisting in guiding the freight between the stanchions. At the base of the stanchion the profile members 25 are connected and held apart at the level of the insert members 30 and 31 by connecting fishplates 44 and 45. The flanges 27 can be provided with tapered edges 46 at the base of the stanchion.

Figures 1 5 to 1 7 show a stanchion 48 whose profile members 25 are provided with flange plates 49 and 50 which are welded to the flanges 27 and which taper towards the top and bottom.

The profile members 25 are thereby adequately strengthened in the region of the mounting holes.

Figures 1 8 to 22 show a stanchion 1 8 whose profile members 25 have webs formed of two Ushaped profile members 53 and 54 which are disposed with their webs adjacent to each other and which extend almost along the length of the profile members. From the mounting holes 12, the flanges of the U-shaped profile members 53 and 54 taper on the one hand towards the top of the stanchion and on the other hand towards the base of the stanchion, the U-shaped profile members being interupted only by the insert members 30.

At the base of the stanchion the U-shaped profile members 53 and 54 are welded, by their flanges and by their webs, to the insert member 31.

Particular stiffening of the profile members is thereby obtained. Those profile members can, in addition, be connected in the region of the mounting holes by corresponding fishplates.

A particular embodiment of the stanchion is shown in Figures 23 to 27. In this case, the stanchion 56 consists of cold profile members 57 and 58 which extend from the top of the stanchion to the base of the stanchion. The profile members 57 and 58 are U-shaped or C-shaped profile members which have their open sides adjacent to one another. In the region of the mounting holes 12 and 13, there are provided insert members 59 which are enclosed by the U-shaped or C-shaped profile members and which are fixed in an appropriate manner to the cold profile mernbers.

The sides of the C-shaped cold profile members 57 and 58 can be inserted into recesses 60 andior grooves 61. The insert members 59, advantageously formed as solid blocks, can be connected in the region of the mounting holes 12 and 13 by webs 62 to form one unit. The insert members 59 can be provided with projecting fishplates 63 which can taper in width and in thickness towards their free end. The insert member 59 of one profile member 57 can be connected to the insert member of the other profile member 58 by connecting fishplates 64 and 68, to form a uniform body. Such a construction of the profile members 57 and 58 results on the one hand in a substantial weight saving.On the other hand, the cold profile members, which can be made of high tensile strength and relatively thin material, have a high level of strength and rigidity, and have a good resistance ta denting.

A further embodiment of a stanchion made of cold profile members is shown in Figures 28 and 29. In this case, the profile members 69 have flanges 68 which are provided with longitudinal outwardly-extending beads 70. Furthermore, the flange 68 can be deformed in the region of webs 71 by longitudinal beads 72, so that the weld seam 73 runs in the direction of the neutral zone as far as possible from the outside edge as the most highly stressed zone. The connecting weld seams are disposed in a region which is subjected to relatively low levels of stress. The outwardlyextending beads 70 are advantageously arranged so that they act at the same time as a locking means for the surface members 36. Shoulders are not necessary. The profile member 69 can also be formed of two profile members each having a Cshaped cross section.

A further embodiment of the stanchion is shown in Figures 30 to 33. In this case, the stanchion 74 has insert members 75 and 76 which lie in each case one below the other and which can be in one piece. The insert member 75 is a forged member whereas the insert member 76 is a cast steel member. Both the connecting fishplates and the contact members for the fitting strips disposed on the wagon can be an integral component of the insert members. The same applies to the retaining hooks 34 for securing the stanchion at the side. The insert members are designed so that towards the free end of the stanchion their thickness matches that of the web of the profile members.The insert members are provided with corresponding connecting fishplates 75a and 76a, respectively, which are connected by welding to the projecting fishplates of the insert member of the other profile members Insert members of forged steel or of cast steel match most accurately the instantaneous and/or force variation and change over into the web thickness.

Ribs 75u dnd 76b in the region of the holes ensure mass equilibrium, prevent any sudden damaging change in rigidity, and hold the main axis of the stanchion in its generally upright position.

Advantageously, there is used, for profile members made of steel, a high-quality steel with an eiastic limit greater than 360 N/mm2, with a high capacity for expansion and for welding between rolled steel on the one hand and cast steel or forged steel on the other hand. For the cold profile members, fine-grained, high tensile and very high tensile steels are preferably used.

The design possibility enabling the profile members to be of a particularly light construction.

Claims

1. A stanchion for a freight-retaining device for freight vehicles and lorries, more particularly railway flat wagons, comprising two adjacentlyarranged profile members each provided with transverse holes for receiving mounting bolts, wherein the profile members, from the base of the stanchion to the top of the stancchion, are uniform profile members whose web and flanges extend along the length of the stanchion, the profile members being partially interconnected by connecting members.

2. A stanchion according to claim 1, wherein the connecting members are provided on the upper and lower edges with curved recesses.

3. A stanchion according to claim 1 or 2, wherein blocks or other insert members are arranged around the mounting holes inside the profile members, and are welded thereto.

4. A stanchion according to any of claims 1 to 3, wherein the insert members are connected to the webs by oblique fishplates.

5. A stanchion according to any of claims 1 to 4, wherein the profile members are provided, in the region of the mounting holes on the inside and/or outside, with flange plates welded thereto, and/or wherein the flange plates taper towards the ends.

6. A stanchion according to any of claims 1 to 5, wherein the webs of the profile members consist of two U-shaped profile members which face each other, and/or wherein the flanges of the U-shaped profile members are thinner towards the end.

7. A stanchion according to any of claims 1 to 6, wherein the profile members comprise cold profile members, and wherein the cold profile members having a U-shaped or C-shaped crosssection are arranged with their openings facing each other.

8. A stanchion according to any of claims 1 to 7, wherein the insert members are enclosed by Ushaped or C-shaped cold profile members engage in recesses or grooves of the insert members.

9. A stanchion according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the flanges of the cold profile members are provided with longitudinally extending beads, and wherein surface members are arranged between the beads.

10. A stanchion according to any of claims 7 to 9, wherein, in the centre of the flanges of the cold profile members, there are inwardly directed longitudinal beads, the web of ohe cold profile member engaging with the vertex thereof and being welded thereto.

11. A stanchion according to any of claims 1 to 1 0, wherein the insert members for the mounting holes of a profile member which lie one below the other are united to form a common insert member, namely a forged member or a cast steel member.

12. A stanchion according to claim 11, wherein the common insert member tapers in the direction of the ends of the profile member until it is almost the thickness of the respective web.

13. A stanchion according to any of claims 1 to 12, wherein the insert members have hooked retaining members and stops for fitting strips,

14. A stanchion according to any of claims 1 to 13, wherein the insert members are provided with projecting ribs.

15. A stanchion according to any of claims 1 to 14, wherein there are arranged, between the flanges or the insert members, fishplates which engage the fitting strips.

1 6. A stanchion according to claim 1, substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to, and as shown in, Figures 1 to 9, Figures 10 to 14, Figures 15 to 17, Figures 18 to 22, Figures 23 to 27, Figures 28 and 29, or Figures 30 to 33, of the drawings.