GB2085993A - Mechanical remote control system for actuating a plurality of devices - Google Patents
Mechanical remote control system for actuating a plurality of devices Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2085993A GB2085993A GB8033779A GB8033779A GB2085993A GB 2085993 A GB2085993 A GB 2085993A GB 8033779 A GB8033779 A GB 8033779A GB 8033779 A GB8033779 A GB 8033779A GB 2085993 A GB2085993 A GB 2085993A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- bowden
- conduit
- core
- actuator
- remote control
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C1/00—Flexible shafts; Mechanical means for transmitting movement in a flexible sheathing
- F16C1/10—Means for transmitting linear movement in a flexible sheathing, e.g. "Bowden-mechanisms"
- F16C1/101—Intermediate connectors for joining portions of split flexible shafts and/or sheathings
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
- B60T11/00—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator without power assistance or drive or where such assistance or drive is irrelevant
- B60T11/04—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator without power assistance or drive or where such assistance or drive is irrelevant transmitting mechanically
- B60T11/06—Equalising arrangements
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Braking Arrangements (AREA)
Abstract
The specification describes a mechanical remote control system comprising interconnected Bowden mechanisms whereby a plurality of devices e.g. vehicle wheel brakes, can be operated by movement of a single actuator. In one four-wheel braking system the actuator (21) is connected by a tie (22) and a coupling device (25) to the conduit (23) of a first Bowden mechanism (24) having its core (29) common with that of a second Bowden mechanism (30) whose conduit is secured to a fixture (39). A pull force exerted on tie (22) by the actuator (21) tensions the core (29) of the two Bowden mechanisms thereby actuating two brakes (31, 32) and at the same time axially loading the conduits of those mechanisms and thereby causing simultaneous actuation of the other two brakes (36, 38) which are connected to those conduits by coupling devices (33, 34) and ties (35, 37). <IMAGE>
Description
SPECIFICATION
Mechanical remote control system for actuating a plurality of devices
This invention relates to mechanical remote control systems whereby movement can be simultaneously transmitted to a plurality of devices by movement of a common actuator, e.g.
a hand-lever.
Such systems are employed in certain vehicles for operating different wheel brakes responsive to operation of a hand-brake lever (see e.g. British
Patent 1 467 679).
In some prior proposals Bowden mechanisms are employed so that actuating forces can be transmitted along non-rectilinear paths without using sheaves or other devices for imposing directional changes on connecting cables.
In the previously proposed systems employing
Bowden mechanisms for operating opposed vehicle wheel brakes, the inner member (hereafter called "the core") of a Bowden mechanism transmits a pull-load to the operating lever of one of the brakes and the reaction force on the outer member (hereafter called "the conduit") of such mechanism exerts a thrust on a displaceable coupling device which is located between the two vehicle wheels and is connected to the operating lever of the other brake (see e.g. British Patent 1 464 967).
The present invention enables various advantages to be achieved in comparison with the known systems. One advantage is a greater flexibility in the choice of the lay-out of the force transmitting components. Another potential advantage is that it is easily possible to apply the invention for simultaneously operating more than two devices by the common actuator and with a high degree of efficiency.
The invention can be applied with particular advantage in a four-wheel braking system.
According to the present invention there is provided a mechanical remote control system for simultaneously actuating at least two parts from an actuator, e.g. a hand-lever, using interconnected Bowden mechanisms whose cores are connected to said actuatable parts, characterised in that the actuator is connected to an end portion of a Bowden mechanism conduit so that an actuating force on said actuator pulls said conduit end portion towards the actuator and thereby imposes on said cores tensile forces causing simultaneous operation of said actuatable parts.
The versatility of the invention in regard to the choice of system lay-out can be illustrated by considering by way of example the case where the invention is employed in a vehicle for actuating two opposed wheel brakes. In contrast to the prior art systems, it is not necessary for a coupling device for coupling two Bowden mechanisms together to be located between the two wheels.
Another important point, is that by using the invention the brakes of two independently suspended wheels can be actuated using only two
Bowden mechanisms whereas three such
mechanisms are required for that purpose when
using the previously known system.
The force transmitted to each brake unit or
other actuatable device can be equal to the input force transmitted from the actuator minus a loss
factor which depends on the efficiency of the
Bowden mechanisms.
The term "Bowden mechanism" as used in this
specification includes any flexible mechanical
remote control mechanism comprising an inner
member (the core) which is longitudinally
displaceable within a guiding casing (the conduit).
The term therefore includes mechanisms wherein
the core, for example a flexible wire or cable,
slides in contact with the conduit or a conduit
liner, and mechanisms wherein the core is
supported within the conduit by caged bearings. In
the latter form of mechanism the core can be in
the form of a flexible strip.
In preferred embodiments of the invention the
system is characterised in that at least one of the
Bowden mechanism conduits is held so that its
end remote from the corresponding actuatable
part is free for axial displacement responsive to
tensile force on the associated core; the Bowden
mechanisms are interconnected by means
comprising one or more coupling devices
connecting the core or a displaceable conduit end
of one Bowden mechanism to the displaceable
conduit end of another such mechanism; and the
actuator is connected to at least one displaceable
conduit end; whereby an input force causing
displacement of the actuator results in balanced
tensile forces on the cores causing simultaneous
actuation of said parts.
The invention can be embodied in a braking
system for simultaneously operating the brakes of
two, four or even more independently suspended
wheels, with use of only a single abutment,
extraneous to the brake units, for sustaining the
reaction force on the system.
The invention includes a four-wheel braking
system wherein an actuator controls the brakes
via a combination of Bowden mechanisms
interconnected so as to co-operate in transmitting
balanced forces to the four wheel-brakes,
substantially as illustrated by Fig. 1 of the
accompanying drawings. An important feature of
that and various other systems according to the
invention is the interconnection of two or more
Bowden mechanisms so that a pull load on the
core of one Bowden mechanism is transmitted to
the conduit of another such mechanism.
For operating four independent brakes or other
devices simultaneously, the system can comprise
four Bowden mechanisms and two or three
coupling devices, as will hereafter be exemplified.
In preferred embodiments, the actuator is
connected to the displaceable conduit end portion
of a first Bowden mechanism connected to one
brake unit or other actuatable device; the core of
that first mechanism is connected to the conduit
of a second Bowden mechanism connected to a
second said device, so that a tensile load is imposed on the core of that second mechanism when an actuating force is applied to the system via the actuator; the core of that second mechanism is connected to or forms an extension of the core of a third Bowden mechanism for actuating a third actuatable device; whereas a displaceable conduit end portion of that third mechanism is connected to the core of a fourth
Bowden mechanism for actuating a fourth said device.
Certain embodiments of the invention, selected by way of example, are illustrated in the accompanying diagrammatic drawings comprising
Figures 1 to 5 which show five different systems.
The system shown in Fig. 1 is effective for actuating four brake units 1, 2, 3 and 4 of
independently suspended vehicle wheels by force transmitted from a pivoted hand lever 5. The
system comprises effectively four Bowden
mechanisms 6, 7, 8 and 9, although the
mechanisms 7 and 8 can have a common core
rather than different core members which are joined end to end. The outer ends of the cores of the four Bowden mechanisms are connected to
brake levers within the units 1-4, and the
corresponding ends of the conduits of those
mechanisms are secured to the housings of the
brake units.
The inner end of the core 10 of Bowden
mechanism 6 is connected to the inner end of the
conduit of Bowden mechanism 7 by a coupling
device 11. That coupling device may be in the form of a box shackle or clevis comprising spaced
side pieces between which the end portion of that
conduit intrudes and which are joined by a transverse end piece in which the conduit end is
secured. A similar form of coupling device is
shown in British Patent No. 1 464 967.
The core of Bowden mechanism 7 is connected
to or forms an extension of the core of Bowden
mechanism 8. The inner end of the conduit of
mechanism 8 is connected by another coupling
device 12 similar to coupling device 1 to the
core of the Bowden mechanism 9. The inner end
of the conduit of that mechanism is secured to a
fixture 13 which is the sole abutment, extraneous
to the brake units, for sustaining reaction force on
the system when the input force is applied via the
hand-lever 5.
The hand-iever 5 is connected via a tie 14 and
a coupling device 15 with the inner end of the
conduit of Bowden mechanism 6.
When the lever 5 is pivoted to apply the brakes,
the tie 14 pulls the coupling device 15 towards
the lever. In consequence of the accompanying
displacement of the inner end of the conduit of
Bowden mechanism 6 tension is applied to the core of that mechanism which causes a displacement force to be transmitted to the inner
end of the conduit of Bowden mechanism 7 via the coupling device 11 and this imposes tension on the core(s) of the mechanisms 7 and 8. This tension results in displacement of the inner end of the conduit of Bowden mechanism 8 towards the
hand-lever 5, whereby tension is applied to the core of Bowden mechanism 9 via the coupling device 12.
The result is that the four brake units are operated simultaneously under balanced forces.
Each of the four output forces, applied to a brake unit, is a large percentage of the input force applied to tie 14. The sum of the four output forces is in excess of three times said input force.
A single adjustment means will suffice to adjust the entire system. For example, such an adjustment may be provided for altering the position of the inner end of the conduit of Bowden mechanism 9 in relation to the fixture 13. The adjustment facility may take the form of adjustment nuts screwed onto a threaded tubular end fitting on said conduit. As an alternative the flexible conduit of Bowden mechanism 9 can be formed to provide an external screw profile and an adjustment nut or nuts can be screwed directly onto such conduit. For example, the conduit may be formed in any of the ways described in British
Patent 1 409 526.
Instead of the illustrated coupling devices, coupling devices can be used which form passageways through which the different Bowden conduits extend, as described in our International
Patent Application No. filed on the same date as the present application, for an invention entitled "Mechanical Remote Control
Assemblies".
Fig. 2 shows a two-wheel braking system. This corresponds with part of the Fig. 1 system and corresponding parts in the two figures are denoted by the same reference numerals. The corresponding Fig. 2 numerals however carry the index "'". In the Fig. 2 system the inner end of the core of Bowden mechanism 71 is secured to a fixture 1 6. An input force on the tie 14' by operation of the hand-brake lever 51 results in balanced output forces on the two brake units, the sum of the output forces being nearly twice said input force.
Fig. 3 shows a possible modification of the system shown in Fig. 2. According to this modification the inner end of the conduit of
Bowden mechanism 61 is connected to the conduit of Bowden mechanism 71 by a coupling device 17 and the inner ends of the cores of the two Bowden mechanisms are secured to the fixture 161. The coupling device 17 is directly connected to the hand-brake lever (not shown in
Fig. 3) by a tie 18. A pull force on that tie causes displacements of the inner ends of the conduits of the two mechanisms and consequently imposes tensile forces on their cores whereby both brake units are operated under balanced forces.
Fig. 4 represents a four-wheel braking system of a vehicle with rigid wheel axes. The system incorporates co-operating control assemblies according to the invention. A hand lever 21 is connected by a tie 22, for example a rod or a cable, to the conduit 23 of a Bowden mechanism 24. For the purpose of this connection a coupling device 25 is employed which as hereinbefore referred to forms a passageway through which the conduit 23 extends. The coupling device has been fastened to the conduit at a required position therealong so that the coupling device and conduit will move as a unit. This fastening is effected at the time when the control system is installed, choosing the most appropriate site for the coupling device. The length of the conduit 23 is not critical.Fastening of the coupling device to the conduit can be achieved in any suitable manner, for example in any of the ways herein specifically described, but preferably so that the position of the coupling device along the conduit can be easily varied at any time. In this instance the coupling device is secured in position by a clamping plug 26 which is forced into one end of the coupling device. The tie 22 is connected to a lug portion 27 of the coupling device at a point 28 which is in alignment with the axis of the remote end portion of the conduit passageway.
The inner member 29 of the Bowden mechanism 24 is common to that mechanism and a second Bowden mechanism 30. Opposed ends of that inner member 29 are connected to the brake levers 31, 32 of the front right-hand and the rear left-hand brake units.
The conduits of the Bowden mechanisms 24 and 30 pass through second and third coupling devices 33 and 34 respectively. These further coupling devices are of the same form as coupling device 25. Coupling device 33 is connected by means of a tie 35 with the brake lever 36 of the front left-hand brake unit. Coupling device 34 is connected by means of a tie 37 with the brake lever 38 of the rear right-hand brake unit.
The conduit of the Bowden mechanism 30 at its end remote from the coupling device 34 is secured-to a fixture 39. This connection can be achieved for example by means of clamping nuts screwed onto a threaded metal end fitting of the conduit as known per se. The fixture 39 is the only fixed anchorage for the brake system.
When the hand-brake lever 21 is moved to apply the brakes, the coupling device 25 is pulled towards such lever, thereby imposing a tensile load on the inner member 29 of the Bowden mechanisms 24 and 30. This tensile load is directly applied to the brake levers 31 and 32. The force transmitted to the conduit 33 of Bowden mechanism 34 via the tie 32 causes the front end portion of that conduit, together with the attached coupling device 33, to be displaced towards brake lever 31 and in consequence a similar operating load is transmitted to the brake lever 36 via the tie 35.The tensile load on the inner member 39 which causes displacement of brake levers 31 and 32, also causes the rear end portion of the conduit of the Bowden mechanism 30, together with the attached coupling device 34, to be displaced towards the brake lever 32 and in consequence a similar operating load is transmitted to the brake lever 38 via the tie 37. Spring means (not shown) is present which urges the control assembly towards its brake release position. Such spring means may comprise springs located within the brake units.
The system affords a remarkably high
aggregate output force. The operating force on
each of the brake units approaches a value equal
to the force applied to the tie 22 via the hand
brake lever 21, minus a loss factor which depends
on the operating efficiencies of the Bowden
mechanisms. The aggregate output force can be
well in excess of three times the force applied to
the tie 22. The four output forces are balanced, i.e.
equal to each other.
The operating efficiencies attained are in part
attributable to the fact that the inner member 29
of the Bowden mechanisms is fully supported by
the guiding conduits over the full lengths of the
coupling devices 33 and 34. Another contributory
factor is the location of the connecting points for
the ties 22, 35 and 37 in alignment with the axes
of the respective Bowden conduits where they
emerge from the passageways in the coupling
devices.
For the purpose of making in-service
adjustments to the brake system, it suffices to
provide a single adjustment facility. For this
purpose the conduit of Bowden mechanism 30
can be provided with a threaded metal end fitting
and adjustment nuts at the point where it is
connected to the fixture 39. By manipulation of
such nuts the curvatures and therefore the
operations of the two Bowden mechanisms can be
adjusted.
In preferred embodiments however an
adjustment facility is provided directly on the flexible conduit of one of the Bowden mechanisms
and use of the adjustment facility alters the
position at which one of the coupling devices is secured to such conduit.
If it is required to operate only the two rear wheel brakes from the hand-lever 21, this can be
done by omitting the Bowden mechanism 24, the
coupling devices 25 and 33 and the tie 35, and
connecting the inner member 29 of the Bowden
mechanism 20 directly to the lever 21. In that case the projecting front end portion of such inner
member takes the place of tie 22.
Fig. 5 shows a remote control system according to the invention installed for operating the brake units 40, 41 of opposed independently suspended vehicle wheels. The system empioys two Bowden mechanisms, 42, 43 and a single coupling device 44 with which an adjuster 45 is associated.
The inner member of the Bowden mechanism 42 is connected at its front end to the hand brake lever 21' and at its rear end to an operating lever within the brake unit 40. The rear end of the conduit of that mechanism is secured to the housing of the brake unit. The inner member 43' of the Bowden mechanism 43 connects the brake lever in brake unit 41 with the coupling device 44.
The conduit of that mechanism is secured at its rear end to the housing of brake unit 42 and at its front end to a fixture 46.
The conduit of the Bowden mechanism 42 comprises closely helically interwound wires which form at the exterior surface of the conduit a male screw and the adjuster 45 is in direct screw engagement with such male screw so that such adjuster can be screwed to any desired adjusted position along the conduit. The said conduit may for example have any of the forms described and shown in British Patent No. 1 409 526.
When a pull load is applied to the inner member of Bowden mechanism 42 via the lever 21 the front end portion of the conduit of that Bowden mechanism together with the coupling device 44 is displaced towards the lever 21' and brake units 40 and 41 are operated simultaneously. The operating force on each unit is equal to the force applied to the inner member of the Bowden mechanism 42 minus a loss factor depending on the efficiency of the Bowden mechanisms. The two output forces are balanced.
The fact that the conduit of the Bowden mechanism 42 projects forwardly from the coupling device 44 contributes to the smooth and efficient operation of the system because this projecting portion of the conduit is free to flex responsive to the arcuate movements of the connecting point between the inner member of such mechanism and the lever 21 '.
Coupling devices forming curved passageways through which the conduits of Bowden mechanisms extend, like coupling devices 25, 33 and 34 in Fig. 4 and device 44 in Fig. 5 can be arranged as indicated to be connectable to such conduits over a range of different positions therealong. This is an advantage in setting up the systems in a given space envelope. Coupling devices formed in that way can be used in systems as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, in place of the coupling devices 11, 12, 15 and 151 therein shown.
Claims (8)
1. A mechanical remote control system for simultaneously actuating at least two parts from an actuator, e.g. a hand-lever, using interconnected Bowden mechanisms whose cores are connected to said actuatable parts, characterised in that the actuator is connected to an end portion of a Bowden mechanism conduit so that an actuating force on said actuator pulls said conduit end portion towards the actuator and thereby imposes on said cores tensile forces causing simultaneous operation of said actuatable
parts.
2. A remote control system according to
claim 1, wherein at least one of the Bowden
mechanism conduits is held so that its end remote
from the corresponding actuatable part is free for
axial displacement responsive to tensile force on the associated core; the Bowden mechanisms are interconnected by means comprising one or more coupling devices connecting the core of a displaceable conduit end of one Bowden mechanism to the displaceable conduit end of another such mechanism; and the actuator is connected to at least one displaceabie conduit end; whereby an input force causing displacement of the actuator results in balanced tensile forces on the cores causing simultaneous actuation of said parts.
3. A remote control system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein two or more Bowden mechanisms are inter-connected so that a pull load on the core of one Bowden mechanism is transmitted to the conduit of another such mechanism.
4. A remote control system according to any preceding claim wherein the actuator is connected to the displaceable conduit end portion of a first
Bowden mechanism connected to one actuatable device; the core of that first mechanism is connected to the conduit of a second Bowden mechanism connected to a second said device, so that a tensile load is imposed on the core of that second mechanism when an actuating force is applied to the system via the actuator; the core of that second mechanism is connected to or forms an extension of the core of a third Bowden mechanism for actuating a third actuatable device; whereas a displaceable conduit end portion of that third mechanism is connected to the core of a fourth Bowden mechanism for actuating a fourth said device.
5. A remote control system according to any preceding claim, wherein the actuator is connected to an end portion of the conduit of a first Bowden mechanism whose core is an extension of or is connected to the core of a second Bowden mechanism; the remote ends of said core or said conjoined cores are connected to two devices to be actuated; and the remote end portions of the conduits of said first and second
Bowden mechanisms are connected by ties to third and fourth devices to be actuated.
6. A remote control system according to any preceding claim being a four-wheel braking system for operating four vehicle brakes simultaneously by movement of said actuator.
7. A remote control system according to claims 5 and 6 and substantially as illustrated by Fig. 1 of the accompanying drawings.
8. A remote control system according to claims 5 and 6 and substantially as illustrated in Fig. 4 of the accompanying drawings.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB8033779A GB2085993A (en) | 1980-10-20 | 1980-10-20 | Mechanical remote control system for actuating a plurality of devices |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB8033779A GB2085993A (en) | 1980-10-20 | 1980-10-20 | Mechanical remote control system for actuating a plurality of devices |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
GB2085993A true GB2085993A (en) | 1982-05-06 |
Family
ID=10516788
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
GB8033779A Withdrawn GB2085993A (en) | 1980-10-20 | 1980-10-20 | Mechanical remote control system for actuating a plurality of devices |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
GB (1) | GB2085993A (en) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0306718A2 (en) * | 1987-08-13 | 1989-03-15 | Bergische Achsenfabrik Fr. Kotz & Söhne | Brake installation |
GB2218482A (en) * | 1988-05-12 | 1989-11-15 | May & Scofield Inc | Gear selector indicator adjustment mechanism |
WO1990003905A1 (en) * | 1988-10-04 | 1990-04-19 | Allied-Signal Inc. | Electrically actuated cable |
CN102923107A (en) * | 2011-08-08 | 2013-02-13 | 上海双杰科技有限公司 | Multi-wheel parking and emergency brake system |
-
1980
- 1980-10-20 GB GB8033779A patent/GB2085993A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0306718A2 (en) * | 1987-08-13 | 1989-03-15 | Bergische Achsenfabrik Fr. Kotz & Söhne | Brake installation |
EP0306718A3 (en) * | 1987-08-13 | 1990-01-10 | Bergische Achsenfabrik Fr. Kotz & Sohne | Brake installation |
GB2218482A (en) * | 1988-05-12 | 1989-11-15 | May & Scofield Inc | Gear selector indicator adjustment mechanism |
GB2218482B (en) * | 1988-05-12 | 1992-01-15 | May & Scofield Inc | Gear selector indicator adjustment mechanism |
WO1990003905A1 (en) * | 1988-10-04 | 1990-04-19 | Allied-Signal Inc. | Electrically actuated cable |
AU625035B2 (en) * | 1988-10-04 | 1992-06-25 | Allied-Signal Inc. | Electrically actuated cable |
CN102923107A (en) * | 2011-08-08 | 2013-02-13 | 上海双杰科技有限公司 | Multi-wheel parking and emergency brake system |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
WAP | Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1) |