GB2085246A - Protecting electrical networks against excessive voltages - Google Patents
Protecting electrical networks against excessive voltages Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2085246A GB2085246A GB8128549A GB8128549A GB2085246A GB 2085246 A GB2085246 A GB 2085246A GB 8128549 A GB8128549 A GB 8128549A GB 8128549 A GB8128549 A GB 8128549A GB 2085246 A GB2085246 A GB 2085246A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- protective device
- thyristor
- control input
- controllable
- voltage source
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
- H02H3/02—Details
- H02H3/06—Details with automatic reconnection
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H9/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection
- H02H9/04—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess voltage
- H02H9/041—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess voltage using a short-circuiting device
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/00304—Overcurrent protection
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/00308—Overvoltage protection
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0047—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with monitoring or indicating devices or circuits
- H02J7/0048—Detection of remaining charge capacity or state of charge [SOC]
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/14—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from dynamo-electric generators driven at varying speed, e.g. on vehicle
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
- Control Of Charge By Means Of Generators (AREA)
- Protection Of Generators And Motors (AREA)
- Protection Of Static Devices (AREA)
- Control Of Eletrric Generators (AREA)
Abstract
A device Ueb for protecting an electrical network supplied by a controllable voltage source Gen, against excess voltages, short-circuits the excitation system Ew of the voltage source by means such as thyristor Th to reduce the output voltage, and removes the short circuit after a period of time determined by a multivibrator MK which charges a capacitor C. The voltage on C turns on Tr to turn off Th. A device of this kind is particularly suitable for motor vehicle electrical systems having a three-phase alternator. Zener DI senses the overvoltage. <IMAGE>
Description
SPECIFICATION
Device for protecting electrical networks against excessive voltages
The invention relates to a device for protecting electrical networks, to be connected to a controllable voltage source such as a generator system, from excess voltages.
In a known protective device, the output of the voltage source is short-circuited by a thyristor. In order to put the network into operational readiness again, the switching path of the thyristor is shortcircuited by a switching bridge controlled by a relay and the thyristor is thus switched off. However, this solution is relatively complicated and is unsuitable for rough operation in motor vehicles.
A device for protecting an electrical network having a controllable voltage source, against excessive voltages, according to the present invention comprises a controllable bistable switching element whose internal resistance drops to a substantially lower value when a control voltage exceeding a predetermined value is applied, a controllable semiconductor switch connected by its switching path in parallel with the switching path of the bistable element, an energy storage component connected in parallel with the control input of the controllable semiconductor switch, and a monostable trigger circuit whose output is connected to the control input of the controllable semiconductor switch, the control input of the monostable trigger circuit being connected to the control input of the controllable bistable switching element which control input is connected to a control input of the protective device, the control input of the protective device being connected to the current supply terminal of a control device of the voltage source and/or to the output terminal of the voltage source and the output of the protective device being connected to the current supply terminal of the control device and/or to the output terminal of the voltage source.
This has the advantage that the desired excessive voltage protection with automatically restored readiness is realised by a relatively simple electronic circuit. A further advantage is that the restored readiness time of the protective device is virtually optionally adjustable. Finally, the device operates without wear.
The invention is further described, by way of example, with reference to the drawing which is a circuit diagram of a voltage protective device according to the invention.
A bridge rectifier Bg is connected on the output side of a current generator such as a three-place alternator Str. The terminals of the bridge rectifier Bg lead to an earth terminal M and to an output terminal
B+ of a generator system Gen of which the current generator Str. forms a principal path. The generator system Gen further includes an excitation rectifier Eg and an excitation winding Ew. The excitation rectifier
Eg and the excitation winding Ew are connected to the terminal D+ of the generator system Gen. The other end of the excitation winding Ew is connected to the terminal DF of the generator system Gen. A voltage regulator Reg is connected to the output of the generator Gen and its associated terminals are connected to the generator terminals M, DF, D+. A vehicle battery Ba is connectible to the output terminal B+ of the generator system Gen.When the system is operating, a control switch Fs is normally switched on, and a charging pilot lamp La indicates that the generator system Gen and the regulator Reg are operating properly.
An excessive voltage protection device Ueb is connected to the system comprising the generator
Gen and the regulator Reg, that is to say, it is connected to the terminals M, D+ and B+ of the generator system Gen. The device Ueb includes a series combination comprising a thyristor Th and a diode D2, the anode of the thyristor Th being connected to the terminal D+, and the cathode of the diode D2 being connected to the terminal M. One end of a resistor R3 is connected to the junction between the cathode of the thyristor Th and the anode of the diode D2, the other end of the resistor
R3 being connected to the terminal B+. A voltage divider comprising ohmic resistors R1 and R2 is connected across the series combination comprising the resistor Th and the diode D2.The Zener diode D1 is connected between the junction between the two resistors R1, R2 and the grid terminal (control electrode) of the thyristor Th, the anode of the Zener diode being connected to the grid terminal of the thyristorTh. The collector-emitter path of a transistor Tr is connected in parallel with the series combination comprising the thyristor Th and the diode D2. A capacitor C is connected between the base and emitter of the transistor Tr. Furthermore, the device Ueb includes a monostable trigger stage
MK. The monostable trigger stage MK is supplied with voltage from the terminal B+ of the generator system Gen. The control input of the monostable trigger stage MK is connected to the grid terminal of the thyristor Th, and the output of the trigger stage
MK is connected to the base terminal of the transistor Tr.
By means of the excessive voltage protective device Ueb in accordance with the invention, the battery charger with the generator system Gen and the battery Ba are protected against excessive voltages by short-circuiting the excitation device Ew,
Eg of the generator system Gen in the event of a fault. The excessive voltage protection is automatically switched off after the excessive voltage has been eliminated.
In the event of an excess voltage appearing on the terminal D+ or on the terminal B+, the Zener diode D1 becomes conductive and the thyristor Th is thus fired. Consequently, the excitation device between the terminals D+ and M of the generator system Gen is virtually short-circuit. The generator system Gen is thus deenergized. At the same time as the thyristor
Th is fired, a voltage pulse from the anode of the
Zener diode D1 is applied to the control input of the monostable trigger stage MK. A square-wave voltage pulse of adjustable duration is then produced at the output of the monostable trigger stage MK. The capacitor C is charged by means of the square-wave voltage pulse.When the voltage on the terminals of the capacitor C has reached a predetermined value after a predetermined period of time, the transistor
Tr is switched on when the switching path of the transistor Tr has become conductive, the thyristor Th is short-circuited and thus the excessive voltage protective device is automatically switched off. The thyristor Th is reliably switched off by the diode D2, since the cathode of the thyristor Th is positively biassed by the diode D2 during the flow of current. It has proved to be advantageous to switch on the transistorTr in a delayed manner, since, when short-circuiting the generator system Gen, the excitation current and thus the output current of the generator system Gen decay in conformity with the time constant of the excitation field. The transistor Tr has to accept only a relatively small current after a correspondingly long period of time.
The monostable trigger circuit subsequently returns to its stable state again, the transistor Tr then becomes non-conductive again, and the system is again ready for operation.
Claims (8)
1. A device for protecting an electrical network, having a controllable voltage source, against excessive voltages, said protective device comprising a controllable bistable switching element whose internal resistance drops to a substantially lower value when a control voltage exceeding a predetermined value is applied, a controllable semiconductor switch connected by its switching path in parallel with the switching path of the bistable element, an energy storage component connected in parallel with the control input of the controllable semiconductor switch, and a monostable trigger circuit whose output is connected to the control input of the controllable semiconductor switch, the control input of the monostable trigger cicuit being connected to the control input of the controllable bistable switching element, which control input is connected to a control input of the protective device, the control input of the protective device being connected to the current supply terminal of a control device of the voltage source and/or to the output terminal of the voltage source and, the output of the protective device being connected to the current supply terminal of the control device and/or to the output terminal of the voltage source.
2. A protective device as claimed in claim 1, in which a controllable bistable switching element is a thyristor.
3. A protective device as claimed in claim 2, in which a forward biassed diode is conncted in series with the thyristor on the cathode side thereof.
4. A protective device as claimed in claim 3, in which a resistor is connected between the cathode of the thyristor and the output terminal of the voltage source.
5. A protective device as claimed in claim 3 or 4, in which a voltage divider is connected to the anode of the thyristor and to the cathode of the diode, and a reverse biassed Zener diode is connected between the tapping of the voltage divider and the control terminal of the thyristor.
6. A protective device as claimed in any preceding claim, in which the controllable semiconductor switch is a transistor.
7. A protective device as claimed in any preceding claim, in which the energy storage component is a capacitor.
8. A protective device constructed and adapted to operate substantially as herein described with reference to and as illustrated in the drawings.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19803035808 DE3035808A1 (en) | 1980-09-23 | 1980-09-23 | DEVICE FOR PROTECTION AGAINST OVERVOLTAGE FOR NETWORKS |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB2085246A true GB2085246A (en) | 1982-04-21 |
| GB2085246B GB2085246B (en) | 1983-05-25 |
Family
ID=6112623
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB8128549A Expired GB2085246B (en) | 1980-09-23 | 1981-09-22 | Protecting electrical networks against excessive voltages |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5785529A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3035808A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2085246B (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2118791A (en) * | 1982-04-05 | 1983-11-02 | Gen Electric | Protection circuit |
| DE3310242A1 (en) * | 1983-03-22 | 1984-09-27 | ANT Nachrichtentechnik GmbH, 7150 Backnang | Circuit arrangement for surge-voltage protection, with an automatic reset |
| GB2246254A (en) * | 1990-07-07 | 1992-01-22 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Protective equipment for a vehicle electrical supply system |
| FR2797116A1 (en) * | 1999-07-27 | 2001-02-02 | Valeo Equip Electr Moteur | Alternator overvoltage protection system |
| FR2832261A1 (en) * | 2001-11-13 | 2003-05-16 | St Microelectronics Sa | DEVICE FOR PROTECTING LOADS SUPPLIED BY AN ALTERNATOR |
| WO2016041601A1 (en) * | 2014-09-19 | 2016-03-24 | Höganäs Ab | An electric machine assembly |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102008020030B4 (en) * | 2008-04-21 | 2022-05-19 | Aeg Power Solutions Gmbh | Circuit arrangement with a rectifier and a circuit for protecting at least one direct-current network with direct-current loads that can be connected to the circuit arrangement against overvoltage |
| JP2015211602A (en) * | 2014-04-30 | 2015-11-24 | 株式会社ホトニクス | Surge protector |
| CN108802527B (en) * | 2018-06-11 | 2020-10-27 | 国家电网有限公司 | Excitation small current closed loop test trolley |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR1494254A (en) * | 1966-07-26 | 1967-09-08 | S E V Motorola S A | Device preventing overvoltages at the terminals of a rectified alternating current generator |
| US3643151A (en) * | 1969-09-17 | 1972-02-15 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Overcurrent proof constant voltage |
| DE2811440A1 (en) * | 1978-03-16 | 1979-09-20 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | ELECTRIC GENERATOR |
| FR2446026A1 (en) * | 1979-01-05 | 1980-08-01 | Paris & Du Rhone | OVERVOLTAGE PROTECTION DEVICE |
-
1980
- 1980-09-23 DE DE19803035808 patent/DE3035808A1/en not_active Ceased
-
1981
- 1981-09-22 GB GB8128549A patent/GB2085246B/en not_active Expired
- 1981-09-22 JP JP56148937A patent/JPS5785529A/en active Granted
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2118791A (en) * | 1982-04-05 | 1983-11-02 | Gen Electric | Protection circuit |
| US4481553A (en) * | 1982-04-05 | 1984-11-06 | General Electric Company | Protection circuit |
| DE3310242A1 (en) * | 1983-03-22 | 1984-09-27 | ANT Nachrichtentechnik GmbH, 7150 Backnang | Circuit arrangement for surge-voltage protection, with an automatic reset |
| GB2246254A (en) * | 1990-07-07 | 1992-01-22 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Protective equipment for a vehicle electrical supply system |
| GB2246254B (en) * | 1990-07-07 | 1993-12-08 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Protective equipment for a vehicle electrical supply system |
| FR2797116A1 (en) * | 1999-07-27 | 2001-02-02 | Valeo Equip Electr Moteur | Alternator overvoltage protection system |
| FR2832261A1 (en) * | 2001-11-13 | 2003-05-16 | St Microelectronics Sa | DEVICE FOR PROTECTING LOADS SUPPLIED BY AN ALTERNATOR |
| US6819535B2 (en) | 2001-11-13 | 2004-11-16 | Stmicroelectronics S.A. | Device for protecting loads supplied by an alternator |
| WO2016041601A1 (en) * | 2014-09-19 | 2016-03-24 | Höganäs Ab | An electric machine assembly |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB2085246B (en) | 1983-05-25 |
| JPS6360612B2 (en) | 1988-11-25 |
| JPS5785529A (en) | 1982-05-28 |
| DE3035808A1 (en) | 1982-05-06 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |