GB2079442A - Method of cleaning reaction products of a flame combustion - Google Patents

Method of cleaning reaction products of a flame combustion Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2079442A
GB2079442A GB8116365A GB8116365A GB2079442A GB 2079442 A GB2079442 A GB 2079442A GB 8116365 A GB8116365 A GB 8116365A GB 8116365 A GB8116365 A GB 8116365A GB 2079442 A GB2079442 A GB 2079442A
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GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
combustion
flame
additives
air
stream
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
GB8116365A
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GB2079442B (en
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hitachi Zosen Inova Steinmueller GmbH
Original Assignee
L&C Steinmueller GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by L&C Steinmueller GmbH filed Critical L&C Steinmueller GmbH
Publication of GB2079442A publication Critical patent/GB2079442A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of GB2079442B publication Critical patent/GB2079442B/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10LFUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L10/00Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
    • C10L10/02Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes for reducing smoke development
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D53/00Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23CMETHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C9/00Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber
    • F23C9/003Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber for pulverulent fuel
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23JREMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J7/00Arrangement of devices for supplying chemicals to fire

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)

Abstract

A method of cleaning reaction products which result from flame combustion of high calorific value fuels containing impurities such as sulphur, chlorine and fluorine compounds by the addition of additives binding the impurities in the combustion chamber. The additives are added to the fuel or the combustion air to provide the required degree of mixing, and the temperature of the flame is reduced to that required for effective reaction of the additives by introducing a stream of heat absorbing material into the combustion zone 6. The heat absorbing material can be recirculated exhaust gas. <IMAGE>

Description

SPECIFICATION W Method for cleaning of reaction products from a flame combustion The invention relates to a method of cleaning reaction products which result from flame combus tion of high calorific value fuels containing impuri ties such as sulphur, chlorine and fluorine com pounds, by the addition of additives binding the impurities in the combustion chamber.
Methods are known whereby a dry cleaning of reaction products from the combustion of fuels containing impurities such as sulphur, chlorine and fluorine, can be carried out. In these cases, the additives binding the impurities are introduced into the combustion chamber in various ways.
In a first known method, the procedure is such that the additives are injected into the combustion cham ber, above the flame region, by means of jets of air.
The disadvantage of this known method consists in that the method of introducing the additives into the combustion chamber does not ensure the binding of the impurities by the additives because the relatively small mixing energy of the jets of air is not sufficient to achieve a satisfactory degree of mixing of the reaction partners. In addition, the mixing of the reaction partners is effected mainly in temperature regions which do not ensure the optimum reaction conditions. Furthermore, the available dwell time is insufficient for the conclusion of the reaction be cause the injection of the additives is generally effected in regions where the reaction is slow.
In a second known method, the procedure is such that the additives are admixed with the fuel immedi ately before the fuel is introduced into the burner.
What was unfavourable about this method up till now was that the additives were subjected to the whole temperature spectrum of the flame and had to travel through temperature ranges which led to an inactivation of the additive. This applies, in particu lar, to fuels with a high calorific value which necessarily lead to flames with high temperatures.
It is therefore the object of the present invention to influence the flame temperature of the combustion of high calorific value fossil fuel in such a way with regard to temperature and degree of mixing to provide the necessary conditions for the binding of harmful substances, so that the binding of the harmful substances is carried out during combustion through addition of gaseous or fine grained addi tives.
For the solution of this problem it is proposed according to the invention that part of the heat released by combustion of the high calorific value fuel is absorbed by a stream of heat absorbing material introduced directly into the combustion zone so as to restrict the temperature to that necessary for binding the harmful substances and that the additives are added direct to the fuel and/or the combustion air to obtain the necessary degree of mixing of the reaction partners.
Various materials may be used for the stream of heat absorbing material for limiting the temperature necessary for the reaction. According to one embodiment of the method of the invention, oxygen-poor cooled-down exhaust gas fed by return flow from the combustion process, or cooled-down exhaust gas from an external combustion process, can serve as the stream of heat absorbing material.
The invention also provides the possibility of using the exhaust gas from a gas turbine process at the same time as oxidising means and as a stream of heat absorbing material.
Another possibility is that recirculating exhaust gas inside the combustion chamber can be drawn into the flame and serve as the stream of heat absorbing material.
According to the invention, the additive itself can serve as the stream of heat absorbing material, as for example, with the addition of limestone, for example Dolomite, for the calcination of which energy has to be withdrawn from the flame.
Gases capable of reaction, metallic oxides, hydro xtjdes or carbonates as well as their aqueous suspen scions can serve as additives.
By the addition of the stream of heat absorbing material in the region of the flame, there is obtained for the reaction the necessary temperature and degree of mixing of the additives contained in the fuel and/or in the combustion air.
The use of the method according to the invention is described below by way of example with reference to a coal-dust burner (Figure 1).
With the burner consisting of core air tube 2, fuel-additive carrier-air part 1 and jacket air part 3, a primary combustion zone 6 is produced, the air number of which is between 0.6 and 1.1 times the stoichiometry.
The burner is so constructed that by specific means (swirl of the jacket air, burner mouth widened out in a taper, closed core air) in the interior of the flame a zone of intensive return flow 5 from a region of already advanced combustion is produced. As a result, the mixture of fuel and air is quickly heated and ignited. The heating and ignition can be influenced by adjusting the amount of core air.
The remaining combustion air is blown in through some nozzles at the periphery as a component stream of air 4 (also called stage air stream) which forms the secondary flame or post-reaction zone 7 outside the primary flame.
At the sections of the peripheral area of the flame which are not adjacent to the component air flow, the cold flue gases are drawn in from the combustion chamber by pulse exchange. By this means, the flame temperature is lowered which contributes to a favourable influencing of the course of the reaction between additive and gaseous harmful substances.
1. A method of cleaning reaction products which result from flame combustion of high calorific value fuels containing impurities such as sulphur, chlorine and fluorine compounds by the addition of additives binding the impurities in the combustion chamber, characterised in that part of the heat released by combustion of the high calorific fuel is absorbed by a stream of heat absorbing material introduced direct
**WARNING** end of DESC field may overlap start of CLMS **.

Claims (7)

**WARNING** start of CLMS field may overlap end of DESC **. SPECIFICATION W Method for cleaning of reaction products from a flame combustion The invention relates to a method of cleaning reaction products which result from flame combus tion of high calorific value fuels containing impuri ties such as sulphur, chlorine and fluorine com pounds, by the addition of additives binding the impurities in the combustion chamber. Methods are known whereby a dry cleaning of reaction products from the combustion of fuels containing impurities such as sulphur, chlorine and fluorine, can be carried out. In these cases, the additives binding the impurities are introduced into the combustion chamber in various ways. In a first known method, the procedure is such that the additives are injected into the combustion cham ber, above the flame region, by means of jets of air. The disadvantage of this known method consists in that the method of introducing the additives into the combustion chamber does not ensure the binding of the impurities by the additives because the relatively small mixing energy of the jets of air is not sufficient to achieve a satisfactory degree of mixing of the reaction partners. In addition, the mixing of the reaction partners is effected mainly in temperature regions which do not ensure the optimum reaction conditions. Furthermore, the available dwell time is insufficient for the conclusion of the reaction be cause the injection of the additives is generally effected in regions where the reaction is slow. In a second known method, the procedure is such that the additives are admixed with the fuel immedi ately before the fuel is introduced into the burner. What was unfavourable about this method up till now was that the additives were subjected to the whole temperature spectrum of the flame and had to travel through temperature ranges which led to an inactivation of the additive. This applies, in particu lar, to fuels with a high calorific value which necessarily lead to flames with high temperatures. It is therefore the object of the present invention to influence the flame temperature of the combustion of high calorific value fossil fuel in such a way with regard to temperature and degree of mixing to provide the necessary conditions for the binding of harmful substances, so that the binding of the harmful substances is carried out during combustion through addition of gaseous or fine grained addi tives. For the solution of this problem it is proposed according to the invention that part of the heat released by combustion of the high calorific value fuel is absorbed by a stream of heat absorbing material introduced directly into the combustion zone so as to restrict the temperature to that necessary for binding the harmful substances and that the additives are added direct to the fuel and/or the combustion air to obtain the necessary degree of mixing of the reaction partners. Various materials may be used for the stream of heat absorbing material for limiting the temperature necessary for the reaction. According to one embodiment of the method of the invention, oxygen-poor cooled-down exhaust gas fed by return flow from the combustion process, or cooled-down exhaust gas from an external combustion process, can serve as the stream of heat absorbing material. The invention also provides the possibility of using the exhaust gas from a gas turbine process at the same time as oxidising means and as a stream of heat absorbing material. Another possibility is that recirculating exhaust gas inside the combustion chamber can be drawn into the flame and serve as the stream of heat absorbing material. According to the invention, the additive itself can serve as the stream of heat absorbing material, as for example, with the addition of limestone, for example Dolomite, for the calcination of which energy has to be withdrawn from the flame. Gases capable of reaction, metallic oxides, hydro xtjdes or carbonates as well as their aqueous suspen scions can serve as additives. By the addition of the stream of heat absorbing material in the region of the flame, there is obtained for the reaction the necessary temperature and degree of mixing of the additives contained in the fuel and/or in the combustion air. The use of the method according to the invention is described below by way of example with reference to a coal-dust burner (Figure 1). With the burner consisting of core air tube 2, fuel-additive carrier-air part 1 and jacket air part 3, a primary combustion zone 6 is produced, the air number of which is between 0.6 and 1.1 times the stoichiometry. The burner is so constructed that by specific means (swirl of the jacket air, burner mouth widened out in a taper, closed core air) in the interior of the flame a zone of intensive return flow 5 from a region of already advanced combustion is produced. As a result, the mixture of fuel and air is quickly heated and ignited. The heating and ignition can be influenced by adjusting the amount of core air. The remaining combustion air is blown in through some nozzles at the periphery as a component stream of air 4 (also called stage air stream) which forms the secondary flame or post-reaction zone 7 outside the primary flame. At the sections of the peripheral area of the flame which are not adjacent to the component air flow, the cold flue gases are drawn in from the combustion chamber by pulse exchange. By this means, the flame temperature is lowered which contributes to a favourable influencing of the course of the reaction between additive and gaseous harmful substances. CLAIMS
1. A method of cleaning reaction products which result from flame combustion of high calorific value fuels containing impurities such as sulphur, chlorine and fluorine compounds by the addition of additives binding the impurities in the combustion chamber, characterised in that part of the heat released by combustion of the high calorific fuel is absorbed by a stream of heat absorbing material introduced direct ly into the combustion zone so as to restrict the temperature to that necessary for binding the harmful substances and that the additives are added directto the fuel and/orthe combustion air to obtain the necessary degree of mixing of the reaction partners.
2. A method according to claim 1, characterised in that oxygen-poor cooled-down exhaust gas fed by return flow from the combustion process or from an external combustion process serves as the stream of heat absorbing material.
3. A method according to claims 1 and 2, characterised in that exhaust gas from a gas turbine process serves at the same time as oxidising means and as the stream of heat absorbing material.
4. A method according to claim 1, characterised in that recirculating exhaust gas inside the combustion chamber is drawn into the flame and serves as the stream of heat absorbing material.
5. A method according to any of claims 1-4, characterised in that gases capable of reaction, or metallic oxides, hydroxides or carbonates as well as their aqueous suspensions are used as additives.
6. A method according to claim 5, characterised in that the additives also serve at the same time as a stream of heat absorbing material.
7. A method of cleaning reaction products which result from flame combustion of high calorific value fuels containing impurities, substantially as hereinbefore described, with reference to the accompanying drawing.
GB8116365A 1980-05-28 1981-05-28 Method of cleaning reaction products of a flame combustion Expired GB2079442B (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19803020145 DE3020145A1 (en) 1980-05-28 1980-05-28 METHOD FOR CLEANING REACTION PRODUCTS

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB2079442A true GB2079442A (en) 1982-01-20
GB2079442B GB2079442B (en) 1984-01-04

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GB8116365A Expired GB2079442B (en) 1980-05-28 1981-05-28 Method of cleaning reaction products of a flame combustion

Country Status (14)

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JP (1) JPS5710006A (en)
AU (1) AU7109681A (en)
BE (1) BE889035A (en)
CA (1) CA1164187A (en)
DE (1) DE3020145A1 (en)
DK (1) DK233981A (en)
FR (1) FR2483452A1 (en)
GB (1) GB2079442B (en)
HK (1) HK78484A (en)
IT (1) IT1194799B (en)
MY (1) MY8500558A (en)
NL (1) NL8102612A (en)
SG (1) SG17584G (en)
ZA (1) ZA813622B (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES2306544A1 (en) * 2003-12-16 2008-11-01 Alstom Power Boiler Gmbh Round burner for burning powdery coal, has primary mixture pipe surrounding secondary air pipe under formation of circular cross section for placement of primary mixture flow into combustion chamber, where flow has high burn dust loading

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3409862A1 (en) * 1984-03-17 1985-09-19 Burkel, Wolfgang, Dr.-Ing., 8200 Rosenheim Method for producing environmentally safe solid fuels
US4555996A (en) * 1984-07-06 1985-12-03 Acurex Corp. Method for reduction of sulfur products in the exhaust gases of a combustion chamber

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1095436B (en) * 1957-04-03 1960-12-22 Deutsche Erdoel Ag Device for metering and introducing dust-like, corrosion-inhibiting additives into the combustion chamber of oil firing systems by means of an air stream
GB899744A (en) * 1957-07-11 1962-06-27 Bohdan Jan Zaczek Improvements in or relating to the injection of fuel additives
US4023921A (en) * 1975-11-24 1977-05-17 Electric Power Research Institute Oil burner for NOx emission control
CH602166A5 (en) * 1976-02-12 1978-07-31 Mueller Ernst Kg Removing sulphur and its cpds. from waste combustion gas
CA1070963A (en) * 1976-03-08 1980-02-05 Exxon Research And Engineering Company Minimizing nox production in operation of gas turbine combustors
DE2932676C2 (en) * 1979-08-11 1983-01-27 L. & C. Steinmüller GmbH, 5270 Gummersbach Process for binding sulfur, chlorine and fluorine compounds during combustion

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES2306544A1 (en) * 2003-12-16 2008-11-01 Alstom Power Boiler Gmbh Round burner for burning powdery coal, has primary mixture pipe surrounding secondary air pipe under formation of circular cross section for placement of primary mixture flow into combustion chamber, where flow has high burn dust loading

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS5710006A (en) 1982-01-19
BE889035A (en) 1981-10-01
DK233981A (en) 1981-11-29
IT8122012A0 (en) 1981-05-28
ZA813622B (en) 1982-07-28
SG17584G (en) 1985-03-08
HK78484A (en) 1984-10-26
DE3020145A1 (en) 1981-12-10
FR2483452A1 (en) 1981-12-04
MY8500558A (en) 1985-12-31
AU7109681A (en) 1981-12-03
NL8102612A (en) 1981-12-16
CA1164187A (en) 1984-03-27
IT8122012A1 (en) 1982-11-28
GB2079442B (en) 1984-01-04
IT1194799B (en) 1988-09-28

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PCNP Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee