GB2079434A - Protecting headlamp lenses from damage by heat - Google Patents

Protecting headlamp lenses from damage by heat Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2079434A
GB2079434A GB8117307A GB8117307A GB2079434A GB 2079434 A GB2079434 A GB 2079434A GB 8117307 A GB8117307 A GB 8117307A GB 8117307 A GB8117307 A GB 8117307A GB 2079434 A GB2079434 A GB 2079434A
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GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
glass
internal wall
optical unit
disc
unit according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
GB8117307A
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GB2079434B (en
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Societe de Signalisations Automobiles SEIMA
Original Assignee
Societe de Signalisations Automobiles SEIMA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Societe de Signalisations Automobiles SEIMA filed Critical Societe de Signalisations Automobiles SEIMA
Publication of GB2079434A publication Critical patent/GB2079434A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of GB2079434B publication Critical patent/GB2079434B/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S45/00—Arrangements within vehicle lighting devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, for purposes other than emission or distribution of light
    • F21S45/40—Cooling of lighting devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/10—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source
    • F21S41/14—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source characterised by the type of light source
    • F21S41/162—Incandescent light sources, e.g. filament or halogen lamps
    • F21S41/164—Incandescent light sources, e.g. filament or halogen lamps having two or more filaments
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/40—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by screens, non-reflecting members, light-shielding members or fixed shades
    • F21S41/43—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by screens, non-reflecting members, light-shielding members or fixed shades characterised by the shape thereof
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S45/00—Arrangements within vehicle lighting devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, for purposes other than emission or distribution of light
    • F21S45/10—Protection of lighting devices

Abstract

An optical lighting unit, especially for motor vehicle headlamps, comprises a transparent lens 1 made of plastics material and a reflector provided with means for locating at least one lighting bulb, the optical unit being characterised in that it has a reflective metal surface 11 provided with surface irregularities to disperse towards the interior of the unit at least the thermal radiation of the light beam reflected by the reflector, this surface being situated at least at the level of the central area of the lens and close to, or on, its internal wall. The surface may be a coating, an insert or a separate disc disposed at a small distance from the lens. <IMAGE>

Description

SPECIFICATION An optical lighting unit, especially for a motor vehicle driving light The invention concerns an optical lighting unit, especially for a motor vehicle driving lights.
Optical lighting units comprise a transparent glass and a reflector produced in the form of a precise quadratic (regular paraboloid, ti uncated or stepped, ellipsoid, etc), this reflector supporting the lighting bulb or bulbs of which one is situated on the axis of symmetry of the reflector so that one of the filaments of the bulb is situated at the focus of the quadratic so as to produce a reflected parallel beam (main beam and anti-fog lighting) and so that another filament is displaced from this focus (preferably forwards) so as to produce a convergent luminous beam (lighting by crossing lights).
Besides, it is desired in practise to form optical units entirely from plastics material but it has not yet been possible to find an acceptable solution because when the "glass" is from from a plastics material, the heat radiated by the light bulb in the enclosed space which constitutes the optical unit combined with the heat transfer produced by the impingement of the light beam of the glass results in a substantial increase in the temperature of this glass, which results either in a softening of the plastic material thus an increased sensitivity to abrasion and to impact or in a deformation of this glass, especially on its internal surface, and thus a modification of its optical properties.
A particular object of the present invention is to remedy these defects and thus concerns an optical light unit, especially for motor vehicle driving lights, comprising a transparent glass and a reflector provided with means for the location of at least one light bulb, the optical unit being characterised in that it has a metallic reflecting surface having surface irregularities for dispersing to the interior of the unit at least the thermal radiation of the light beam reflected by the reflector, this surface being situated at least at the level of the central area of the glass and close to, or on, its internal wall.
According to another characterstic of the invention, the metallic surface forms a coating on the internal wall of at least the central area of the glass.
According to another characteristic of the invention, the metallic surface is constituted by a metallisation of the internal wall of at least the central area ofthis glass.
According to another characteristic of the invention, the metallic surface is disposed within the thickness of the central wall of the glass and constitutes its internal wall.
According to another characteristic of the invention, the metallic surface is combined with at least one composite material of a different nature in order to form a heat-proof protective disc for the glass.
According to another characteristic of the invention, the material of a different nature is disposed at a small distance from the internal wall of the glass.
The invention is shown, byway of non-limiting examples, in the attached drawings, in which: Figure lisa schematic section of an optical unit in accordance with the invention; Figure 2 is a view from the left of Figure 1; Figures 3, 4 and 5 represent impartial section three ways of forming the glass of the optical unit; Figures 6 and 7 show in actual section two methods of forming the glass; Figure 8 shows in perspective a method of fixinf, in the central area of this glass, a material of different nature from the constituting the glass; Figure 9 shows impartial section another method of forming the glass.
The object of the present invention is, consequently, the provision of an optical unit of plastics material and of which the glass especially is moulded from a plastics material, this glass being capable of withstanding, without deformation, burning or softening, a substantial increase in temperature, this increase in temperature being however smaller than in the case of known optical units.
The present invention stems from the observation that when the optical unit is in operation, the temperature of the glass is mainly in its central area and decreases as its periphery is approached to such an extent that modification of the mechanical properties of the material of the glass, or deformation or burning of this material always commences in the central area of this glass and then spreads towards the periphery.
According to the invention, there has therefore been provided in this central area of the glass a material of a different nature from that constitutes the rest of the glass, this material avoiding any deformation, burning, or modification of mechanical properties in this central zone of the glass and thus at the same time avoiding the propagation of these defects towards the periphery of the glass. Thus, the Figure 1, the unit consists of a glass 1 and a reflector 2, supporting on its X-X axis, a lighting bulb 3, fixed through an axial orifice in this reflector by a bulbholder 4.
According to the invention, the glass 1 comprises, in its central zone, a material of a different nature from that constituting the glass, this material which constitutes the internal wall of the glass in this area, avoiding the appearance of deformations, burning, or even mere softening.
In order to achieve this result, this material will be chosen either because of its mechanical resistance to increases in temperature or because of special properties of this material which reduce this increase in temperature.
Thus, for a material which is mechanically resistans to increases in temperature, there may be used glass or all other reflectory materials while, as a material which diminishes the increase in temperature in the central zone of the glass, there can be used a metal, by virtue of the substantial thermal diffusion which it causes.
It will be noted as well that this material, which constitutes the central zone 11, can be opaque without disadvantages to the light beam produced, by virtue of its small area.
Figure 2 shows the extent of this area 11, compared with that of the whole glass 1.
This central zone 11 can also include on its internal face irregularities such as striations, ribs, checkerboard patterns, etc, depated to reflect and defuse towards the interior of the unit, the light rays impinging on this central zone 1,.
In the case where these surfaces irregularities in this central zone are constituted by striations, these striations will preferably be shorterthand and/or have a top angle more acute than the striations 12, 13, 14 provided on the internal face of the glass and which constitute the optical network adapted to impart to the light beam from the projector its desired form and intensity. These striations in the zone 11 thus formed will permit there to be obtained a diffusion of heat and light which helps to avoid deterioration of this central area.
In the embodiment of Figure 3, the material of a different nature, located in the central area of the glass 1, is constituted by a discS which is positioned within the thickness of the glass and extends right through it, this disc being provided on its external face with a flange to reinforce the assembly of the disc and the plastics material forming the main part ofthe glass.
In the case of Figure 4, this material of a different nature is also made in the form of a disc 16 which is also inserted into the thickness of the glass and of which the surface 16 forms the internal wall of this glass.
In the embodiment of Figure 5, the disc 17 is arranged in the central area of the glass so as to form with the internal wall of this glass a closed empty space 18 for diminishing the thermal diffusion between the part 17 of material which is not sensitive to the temperature and the actual glass 1 formed of a plastics material and thus sensitive to the temperature.
In all these embodiment, the material of a different nature, produced in a force of a disc, amy be assembled to the material forming the glass 1 by glueing, soldering, clipping or moulding it in.
Also, in the case of a disc disposed at a small distance from the internal wall of the glass, the disc can be fixed other than to the glass 1.
Thus, in the embodiment of Figure 6, the material of a different nature is formed by a lamella 19, also disposed at a small distance from the internal wall of the glass 1, this lamella constitutes the internal wall of an auxiliary glass disposed between the glass 1 and the bulb 3 and is for example fixed to this glass 1 by feet 191 which form a vertical chimney which permits circulation of cooling air.
In this example, of Figure 6, it will also be noted that the glass 1 constitutes two thicknesses of material havimg complementary characteristics as far as hardness, ease of moulding, or colour is concerned.
In the embodiment of Figure 7, the disc 20 is formed at the extremity of an arm 21, also fixed to the internal wall of the reflector 22.
Also, in the case of Figure 8, the disc 23, which is situated at a small distance from the internal wall of the glass, is supported by two rods 24, connected to a ring 25 fitting around the bulb holder and fixed with ittothe reflector.
These rods 24 can also support a shield 26 which, in known manner is intended to be fitted close to the lighting bulb so as to cut off in a predetermined direction the light rays emitted by this bulb (direct rays).
In the case where the material of a different nature is a metal, this can form a metallic foil 27, possibly provided with surface irregularities and fixed by glueing, soldering, moulding in, or projection in the central area of the internal surface of the glass 1.
The external surface of the foil 27, which is always directed towards the bulb, will preferably be reflective so as to reflect or diffuse the light rays towards the interior of the optical unit.
This metallic foil can also be formed by metallisation of the central zone of the internal wall of the glass.
Also, this material of different nature = forming the disc arranged in the central zone of the internal surface of the glass can be constituted by a combination of several materials and for example by a refractory material (for example glass) associated with a reflecting and diffusing material such as metal.
In all the above-mentioned cases, the covering can be formed by a layer of metal, or metal oxide, and at least one layer of a dielectric material which is adjacent to it, with a view to reflecting towards the filament emitting the light rays at least an average of greater than 80% of the energy above the infer-red region produced by the filament and to transmit an average of greaterthan about 60% of the energy above the visible region produced by the filament.
This principal criterion for the selection of the components of the coating layers and which is known for other articles and objecting, such as the production of transparent heat mirrors for use in connection with solar energy, is constituted by the fact that the light energy absorbtion index of the dielectric layer corresponds to that of the metal situated nearby, in the waveband under consideration. We can mention by way of example as possible dielectrics: titanium dioxide, zinc sulphate, cadmium sulphate, glass, magnesium fluoride.
The thickness of the layers being chosen so as to optimise the reflection of infra-red energy and the transmission of visible energy and so as to lead to a non-limited combination such as that constituted by the three super-imposed layers hereafter mentioned: 1 layer of titanium dioxide, index 2.6, having a thickness of 13 to 26 nanometers; One layer of silver, index 2.3 having a thickness of 4 to 9 nanometers; One layer of titanium dioxide, index having a thickness of 39 to 84 nanometers.
CLAIMS i 1. Optical lighting unit, especially for motor ; vehicle driving lights, comprising a transparent glass and a reflector provided with means for locating at least one lighting bulb, the optical unit being characterised in that it has a reflective metal surface provided with surface irregularities to disperse to
**WARNING** end of DESC field may overlap start of CLMS **.

Claims (11)

**WARNING** start of CLMS field may overlap end of DESC **. This central zone 11 can also include on its internal face irregularities such as striations, ribs, checkerboard patterns, etc, depated to reflect and defuse towards the interior of the unit, the light rays impinging on this central zone 1,. In the case where these surfaces irregularities in this central zone are constituted by striations, these striations will preferably be shorterthand and/or have a top angle more acute than the striations 12, 13, 14 provided on the internal face of the glass and which constitute the optical network adapted to impart to the light beam from the projector its desired form and intensity. These striations in the zone 11 thus formed will permit there to be obtained a diffusion of heat and light which helps to avoid deterioration of this central area. In the embodiment of Figure 3, the material of a different nature, located in the central area of the glass 1, is constituted by a discS which is positioned within the thickness of the glass and extends right through it, this disc being provided on its external face with a flange to reinforce the assembly of the disc and the plastics material forming the main part ofthe glass. In the case of Figure 4, this material of a different nature is also made in the form of a disc 16 which is also inserted into the thickness of the glass and of which the surface 16 forms the internal wall of this glass. In the embodiment of Figure 5, the disc 17 is arranged in the central area of the glass so as to form with the internal wall of this glass a closed empty space 18 for diminishing the thermal diffusion between the part 17 of material which is not sensitive to the temperature and the actual glass 1 formed of a plastics material and thus sensitive to the temperature. In all these embodiment, the material of a different nature, produced in a force of a disc, amy be assembled to the material forming the glass 1 by glueing, soldering, clipping or moulding it in. Also, in the case of a disc disposed at a small distance from the internal wall of the glass, the disc can be fixed other than to the glass 1. Thus, in the embodiment of Figure 6, the material of a different nature is formed by a lamella 19, also disposed at a small distance from the internal wall of the glass 1, this lamella constitutes the internal wall of an auxiliary glass disposed between the glass 1 and the bulb 3 and is for example fixed to this glass 1 by feet 191 which form a vertical chimney which permits circulation of cooling air. In this example, of Figure 6, it will also be noted that the glass 1 constitutes two thicknesses of material havimg complementary characteristics as far as hardness, ease of moulding, or colour is concerned. In the embodiment of Figure 7, the disc 20 is formed at the extremity of an arm 21, also fixed to the internal wall of the reflector 22. Also, in the case of Figure 8, the disc 23, which is situated at a small distance from the internal wall of the glass, is supported by two rods 24, connected to a ring 25 fitting around the bulb holder and fixed with ittothe reflector. These rods 24 can also support a shield 26 which, in known manner is intended to be fitted close to the lighting bulb so as to cut off in a predetermined direction the light rays emitted by this bulb (direct rays). In the case where the material of a different nature is a metal, this can form a metallic foil 27, possibly provided with surface irregularities and fixed by glueing, soldering, moulding in, or projection in the central area of the internal surface of the glass 1. The external surface of the foil 27, which is always directed towards the bulb, will preferably be reflective so as to reflect or diffuse the light rays towards the interior of the optical unit. This metallic foil can also be formed by metallisation of the central zone of the internal wall of the glass. Also, this material of different nature = forming the disc arranged in the central zone of the internal surface of the glass can be constituted by a combination of several materials and for example by a refractory material (for example glass) associated with a reflecting and diffusing material such as metal. In all the above-mentioned cases, the covering can be formed by a layer of metal, or metal oxide, and at least one layer of a dielectric material which is adjacent to it, with a view to reflecting towards the filament emitting the light rays at least an average of greater than 80% of the energy above the infer-red region produced by the filament and to transmit an average of greaterthan about 60% of the energy above the visible region produced by the filament. This principal criterion for the selection of the components of the coating layers and which is known for other articles and objecting, such as the production of transparent heat mirrors for use in connection with solar energy, is constituted by the fact that the light energy absorbtion index of the dielectric layer corresponds to that of the metal situated nearby, in the waveband under consideration. We can mention by way of example as possible dielectrics: titanium dioxide, zinc sulphate, cadmium sulphate, glass, magnesium fluoride. The thickness of the layers being chosen so as to optimise the reflection of infra-red energy and the transmission of visible energy and so as to lead to a non-limited combination such as that constituted by the three super-imposed layers hereafter mentioned:
1 layer of titanium dioxide, index 2.6, having a thickness of 13 to 26 nanometers; One layer of silver, index 2.3 having a thickness of 4 to 9 nanometers; One layer of titanium dioxide, index having a thickness of 39 to 84 nanometers.
CLAIMS i 1. Optical lighting unit, especially for motor ; vehicle driving lights, comprising a transparent glass and a reflector provided with means for locating at least one lighting bulb, the optical unit being characterised in that it has a reflective metal surface provided with surface irregularities to disperse to
wards the interior of the unit at least the thermal radiation of the light beam reflected by the reflector, this surface being situated at least at the level of the central area of the glass and close to, or on, its internal wall.
2. Optical unit according to claim 1,characterised in that the metallic surface forms a coating on the internal wall of at least the central area of the glass.
3. Optical unit according to claim 2, characterised in that the metallic surface is formed by metallisation of the internal wall of at least the central area of the glass.
4. Optical unit according to claim 1, characterised in that the metallic surface is arranged within the thickness of the central wall of the glass and forms its internal wall.
5. Optical unit according to claim 1, characterised in that the metallic surface is located at a small distance from the internal wall of the glass.
6. Optical unit according to claim 5, characterised in that the metallic surface is supported by the glass by means of at least one lateral foot fixed, at its end, to the internal wall of the glass.
7. Optical unit according to claim 6, characterised in that the lateral foot connecting the metallic surface to the internal wall of the glass is vertically orientated to form a chiminey for the circulation of air.
8. Optical unit according to claim 1,characterised in that the metallic surface is supported by the reflector.
9. Optical unit according to claim 1, characterised in that the metallic surface is supported by the means for locating the lighting bulb.
10. Optical unit according to claim 1, characterised in that the metallic surface is supported by the means for locating a shield for direct light rays.
11. Optical unit according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the metallic surface is combined with at least one composite material having a different nature so as to form a heat protective disoforthe glass.
GB8117307A 1980-06-06 1981-06-05 Protecting headlamp lenses from damage by heat Expired GB2079434B (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8012679A FR2484058A1 (en) 1980-06-06 1980-06-06 OPTICAL BLOCK OF LIGHTING, IN PARTICULAR FOR MOTOR VEHICLE PROJECTOR

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB2079434A true GB2079434A (en) 1982-01-20
GB2079434B GB2079434B (en) 1984-06-06

Family

ID=9242810

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB8117307A Expired GB2079434B (en) 1980-06-06 1981-06-05 Protecting headlamp lenses from damage by heat

Country Status (5)

Country Link
DE (2) DE3122726C2 (en)
ES (1) ES259198Y (en)
FR (1) FR2484058A1 (en)
GB (1) GB2079434B (en)
IT (1) IT1147363B (en)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0111579A1 (en) * 1982-12-17 1984-06-27 Ichikoh Industries Limited Vehicle headlamp
US4506315A (en) * 1982-12-08 1985-03-19 Ichikoh Industries, Ltd. Vehicle headlamp
EP0176103A1 (en) * 1984-09-28 1986-04-02 GTE Products Corporation Automobile headlight
FR2636408A1 (en) * 1988-09-12 1990-03-16 Valeo Headlamp with plastic reflector with rectangular cross section and fitted with a heat screen
WO2003099939A1 (en) 2002-05-27 2003-12-04 Hella Lux Slovenia, Proizvodnja Svetlobne Opreme Za Motorna In Druga Vozila, D.O.O. Lamp with a black or almost black casing made of a polymer
AU782537B2 (en) * 2000-03-17 2005-08-04 We-Ef Leuchten Gmbh & Co. Kg Luminaire
US11193644B2 (en) 2015-02-06 2021-12-07 Valeo Vision Reflector device for a light module with electromagnetic shielding

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR542352A (en) * 1922-08-10
FR545401A (en) * 1921-12-30 1922-10-11 Improvements in headlights, projectors and the like
FR1139622A (en) * 1966-08-01 1957-07-03 Du Pont PH adjustment in electrolytic deposition processes
DE1968112U (en) * 1967-05-30 1967-09-14 Stra Lichttechnik G M B H E REFLECTOR LIGHT.
FR2036971A1 (en) * 1969-04-24 1970-12-31 Cibie Projecteurs
FR2098680A5 (en) * 1970-07-23 1972-03-10 Sev Marchal

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4506315A (en) * 1982-12-08 1985-03-19 Ichikoh Industries, Ltd. Vehicle headlamp
EP0111579A1 (en) * 1982-12-17 1984-06-27 Ichikoh Industries Limited Vehicle headlamp
EP0176103A1 (en) * 1984-09-28 1986-04-02 GTE Products Corporation Automobile headlight
US4642514A (en) * 1984-09-28 1987-02-10 Gte Products Corporation Automobile headlight with combined heat and light shield
FR2636408A1 (en) * 1988-09-12 1990-03-16 Valeo Headlamp with plastic reflector with rectangular cross section and fitted with a heat screen
AU782537B2 (en) * 2000-03-17 2005-08-04 We-Ef Leuchten Gmbh & Co. Kg Luminaire
WO2003099939A1 (en) 2002-05-27 2003-12-04 Hella Lux Slovenia, Proizvodnja Svetlobne Opreme Za Motorna In Druga Vozila, D.O.O. Lamp with a black or almost black casing made of a polymer
US11193644B2 (en) 2015-02-06 2021-12-07 Valeo Vision Reflector device for a light module with electromagnetic shielding

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES259198U (en) 1982-06-01
DE3122726C2 (en) 1986-05-15
ES259198Y (en) 1982-12-01
DE3122726A1 (en) 1982-04-15
FR2484058A1 (en) 1981-12-11
DE3153278A1 (en) 1985-07-11
IT8112545A0 (en) 1981-06-05
FR2484058B1 (en) 1982-11-19
IT1147363B (en) 1986-11-19
GB2079434B (en) 1984-06-06

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PCNP Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 19960605