GB2067985A - Refractory Materials - Google Patents
Refractory Materials Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2067985A GB2067985A GB8100458A GB8100458A GB2067985A GB 2067985 A GB2067985 A GB 2067985A GB 8100458 A GB8100458 A GB 8100458A GB 8100458 A GB8100458 A GB 8100458A GB 2067985 A GB2067985 A GB 2067985A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- pref
- refractory
- silicon
- steel
- binding agent
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
- C04B35/63—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B using additives specially adapted for forming the products, e.g.. binder binders
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
- B22D41/50—Pouring-nozzles
- B22D41/52—Manufacturing or repairing thereof
- B22D41/54—Manufacturing or repairing thereof characterised by the materials used therefor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
- C04B35/10—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on aluminium oxide
- C04B35/101—Refractories from grain sized mixtures
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
- C04B35/14—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on silica
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
- C04B35/48—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on zirconium or hafnium oxides, zirconates, zircon or hafnates
- C04B35/482—Refractories from grain sized mixtures
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
- C04B35/63—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B using additives specially adapted for forming the products, e.g.. binder binders
- C04B35/6303—Inorganic additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/66—Monolithic refractories or refractory mortars, including those whether or not containing clay
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/0087—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 for metallurgical applications
- C04B2111/00887—Ferrous metallurgy
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/38—Non-oxide ceramic constituents or additives
- C04B2235/3852—Nitrides, e.g. oxynitrides, carbonitrides, oxycarbonitrides, lithium nitride, magnesium nitride
- C04B2235/386—Boron nitrides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/42—Non metallic elements added as constituents or additives, e.g. sulfur, phosphor, selenium or tellurium
- C04B2235/422—Carbon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
- C04B2235/96—Properties of ceramic products, e.g. mechanical properties such as strength, toughness, wear resistance
- C04B2235/9669—Resistance against chemicals, e.g. against molten glass or molten salts
- C04B2235/9676—Resistance against chemicals, e.g. against molten glass or molten salts against molten metals such as steel or aluminium
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
- Ceramic Products (AREA)
Abstract
A refractory ceramic material comprising a base (e.g. Al2O3, ZrO2, SiO2) with carbon and a binding agent, also comprises 5-15 wt % of calcium silicon, ferrosilicon and/or boron nitride.
Description
SPECIFICATION
Refractory Ceramic Materials
This invention relates to refractory ceramic
materials for use in the casting of steels, and to the problem of agglomeration of oxidic
compounds precipitated from molten steel on the
refractory material in the casting process.
In the production of aluminium-killed steels,
alumina occurs as a solid oxidic phase in the
liquid steel after the deoxidisation and alloying of tbe crude steel. In the continuous casting of steel,
a submerged outlet of refractory material is situated between the distributing vessel and the
mould. On flowing through the outlet, some of the
alumina present in the liquid steel is precipitated
on the outlet; large alumina agglomerates are formed, which from time to time are carried away
by the flowing steel and, when the steel solidifies, form inclusions therein.
Hitherto known submerged outlets are composed of refractory mixtures comprising one or more refractory oxides (Al203, SiO2,ZrO2and the like), carbon (graphite, coke, carbon black)
and a binding agent. These compositions are not
effective in preventing the depositing of alumina
particles from the steel.
The invention has as its aim the provision of a
refractory ceramic mixture for the production of submerged outlets, or other shaped or moulded components in contact with liquid steel, which
inhibit the deposition of oxidic suspensions, more
particularly alumina, which are present in the
liquid steel and which have a tendency to
agglomeration, on surfaces of the components which come into contact with the liquid steel. We
have found that this can be accomplished by
including certain materials in the refractory
material.
Accordingly, the invention provides a refractory ceramic material having a base comprising carbon and a binding agent, and including 5% to 15% by weight of at least one of calcium silicon (met.), ferro-silicon (met.), and boron nitride. Using
materials of the invention solid oxidic suspensions
(e.g. alumina) present in the steel at the phase transition between steel and refractory part
undergo a lowering of their melting points on contact with the refractory material with the
result that at first solid alumina particles (typically of around 1 to 30 ,um in diameter) liquefy after
contact with the refractory material and thus do
not remain adherant thereto.
The substance which acts on the suspension in the refractory part forms with the suspension an oxidic melt i.e., the melting point of this slag is
below the operating temperature of the steel. The
appended examples list possible embodiments of
refractory mixtures according to the invention.
Example 1 consists of corundum, graphite, calcium silicon and binding agent. The metallic calcium and silicon present in the mixture, or calcium silicon present as alloy, is matallically stable. This stable state is achieved through the relatively low temperature of the refractory mixture as compared with the steel temperature and reducing conditions provided through the presence of carbon.
These reducing conditions are transformed into oxidising conditions at the interphase boundaries refractory mixture -- air; refractory mixture liquid steel). At the air -- refractory phase boundary the metallic constituent is oxidised after gradual carbon burn-off, and forms and oxidic mixed phase with the basic mixture. This mixed phase is in fact subjected to a lowering of melting point, but not to any eroding force, so that removal of material and therefore wear does not occur.
After the carbon burn an oxidation begins of the metallic constituent (calcium, silicon, calcium silicon) with Al -killed steel at the phase boundary between refractory and liquid steel. This oxidation can occur since in the case of Al -killed steel calcium further has a deoxidising effect. The calcium silicon mixed oxide forming has a melting point lowering effect on alumina at the phase transition, and results in a mixed oxide which is liquid at the phase boundary (slag film). This slag film is then carried by the eroding action of the flowing steel into the bath in the mould. Here the slag is in spheroidal form and can be separated out.
The phenomen brought about with the present invention results in a deliberate internal wear at the refractory wall, and obviates the depositing of alumina on this wall. The wall thickness and the composition of the refractory mixture must be related to the intended pouring time.
A further example of use (see Example 2) can be Bled, which is not stable under oxidising conditions and forms B203 and is a liquefier for
alumina (present as suspension in steel), and has a similar effect to that indicated in the case of
Example 1.
Moreover the erosion in the slag region can be
counter-acted by an already known mixture
composition including zirconium oxide (Example
3).
It is also possible to replace the alumina by
quartz glass (Examples 4 and 5).
Example 1 4070% pref. 60% corundum 5-1 5% pref. 10% calcium silicon 1 5-30% phef. 25% graphite 5-15% pref, 5% binding agent
Example 2 4070% pref. 60% corundum 5-1 5% pref. 10% boron nitride 1 5-30% pref. 25% graphite 5-1 5% pref. 5% binding agent
Example 3 4070% pref. 60% zirconium oxide 15-30% pref. 25% graphite 515% pref. 10% ferro-silicon 5-1 5% pref. 5% binding agent
Example 4
40--70% pref. 60% quartz glass 5-15% pref. 10% calcium silicon 1 5-30% pref. 25% graphite
5--15% pref. 5% binding agent
Example 5 40-70% pref. 60% quartz glass
5--15% pref. 10% boron nitride 1 5-30% pref. 25% graphite 5-15% pref. 5% binding agent
Example 6
40--70% pref. 60% corundum 515% pref. 5% calcium silicon 5--15% pref. 5% boron nitride 5-1 5b/0 pref. 5% ferro-silicon
15--30% pref. 20% graphite 5-15% pref. 5% binding agent.
Claims (4)
1. A refractory ceramic material having a base comprising carbon and a binding agent, and including 5% to 15% by weight of at least one of calcium silicon (met.), ferro-silicon (met.), and boron nitride.
2. A material according to Claim 1 wherein the total amount of said at least one of calcium silicon (met.), ferro-silicon (met.), and boron nitride is in the range 5% to 15% by weight.
3. A material according to Claim 1 or Claim 2 wherein the base comprises one of aluminium oxide, zirconium oxide, and silicon dioxide.
4. A refractory material substantially as described in any of the Examples herein.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE3003046A DE3003046C2 (en) | 1980-01-25 | 1980-01-25 | Refractory ceramic mass |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
GB2067985A true GB2067985A (en) | 1981-08-05 |
GB2067985B GB2067985B (en) | 1983-08-24 |
Family
ID=6093148
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
GB8100458A Expired GB2067985B (en) | 1980-01-25 | 1981-01-08 | Refractory materials |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPS56109868A (en) |
DE (1) | DE3003046C2 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2474481A1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB2067985B (en) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2572724A1 (en) * | 1984-11-02 | 1986-05-09 | Didier Werke Ag | REFRACTORY WEAR PIECE FOR DRAINING LIQUID MASS MASSES |
EP0256217A2 (en) * | 1986-08-12 | 1988-02-24 | Didier-Werke Ag | Submerged casting pipe and its manufacturing process |
FR2609419A1 (en) * | 1987-01-14 | 1988-07-15 | Intracon Handel Indbedarf | Bottom tap-hole closure material |
US5171495A (en) * | 1988-08-12 | 1992-12-15 | Didier-Werke Ag | Immersion nozzles for metal melts |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS5895642A (en) * | 1981-11-28 | 1983-06-07 | 黒崎窯業株式会社 | Calcium alloy-containing casting nozzle |
JPS58107252U (en) * | 1981-12-10 | 1983-07-21 | 品川白煉瓦株式会社 | Immersion nozzle for continuous casting |
JPS6246951A (en) * | 1985-08-22 | 1987-02-28 | 黒崎窯業株式会社 | Manufacture of plate refractories for sliding nozzle |
US4909484A (en) * | 1988-08-02 | 1990-03-20 | Dresser Industries, Inc. | Prevention of slag buildup in steel ladles |
DE3827424A1 (en) * | 1988-08-12 | 1990-02-15 | Didier Werke Ag | SUBMERSIBLE SPOUTS FOR METAL MELTING |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE817271C (en) * | 1950-08-20 | 1951-10-15 | Friedrich Dr-Ing Badenheuer | Process for the manufacture of ovens and oven components |
GB1058461A (en) * | 1962-10-02 | 1967-02-08 | Int Minerals & Chem Corp | Refractory and cupola operation |
DE2441494C3 (en) * | 1974-08-29 | 1978-04-20 | Mannesmann Ag, 4000 Duesseldorf | Refractory ceramic mass |
JPS5227405A (en) * | 1975-08-12 | 1977-03-01 | Shinagawa Refractories Co | Lining refractories for ingot iron transfer furnace or desulfurization treatment furnace |
-
1980
- 1980-01-25 DE DE3003046A patent/DE3003046C2/en not_active Expired
-
1981
- 1981-01-05 FR FR8100044A patent/FR2474481A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1981-01-08 GB GB8100458A patent/GB2067985B/en not_active Expired
- 1981-01-23 JP JP890881A patent/JPS56109868A/en active Pending
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2572724A1 (en) * | 1984-11-02 | 1986-05-09 | Didier Werke Ag | REFRACTORY WEAR PIECE FOR DRAINING LIQUID MASS MASSES |
EP0256217A2 (en) * | 1986-08-12 | 1988-02-24 | Didier-Werke Ag | Submerged casting pipe and its manufacturing process |
EP0256217A3 (en) * | 1986-08-12 | 1988-11-30 | Didier-Werke Ag | Submerged casting pipe and its manufacturing process |
FR2609419A1 (en) * | 1987-01-14 | 1988-07-15 | Intracon Handel Indbedarf | Bottom tap-hole closure material |
US5171495A (en) * | 1988-08-12 | 1992-12-15 | Didier-Werke Ag | Immersion nozzles for metal melts |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE3003046A1 (en) | 1981-07-30 |
FR2474481A1 (en) | 1981-07-31 |
GB2067985B (en) | 1983-08-24 |
JPS56109868A (en) | 1981-08-31 |
DE3003046C2 (en) | 1982-01-28 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |