GB2042399A - Method and apparatus for penetrating a body of material or treating a surface - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for penetrating a body of material or treating a surface Download PDF

Info

Publication number
GB2042399A
GB2042399A GB8001143A GB8001143A GB2042399A GB 2042399 A GB2042399 A GB 2042399A GB 8001143 A GB8001143 A GB 8001143A GB 8001143 A GB8001143 A GB 8001143A GB 2042399 A GB2042399 A GB 2042399A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
liquid
nozzle
outlet
stream
jet
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
GB8001143A
Other versions
GB2042399B (en
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BOC Ltd
Original Assignee
BOC Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BOC Ltd filed Critical BOC Ltd
Priority to GB8001143A priority Critical patent/GB2042399B/en
Publication of GB2042399A publication Critical patent/GB2042399A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of GB2042399B publication Critical patent/GB2042399B/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
    • B24C1/00—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods
    • B24C1/08—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods for polishing surfaces, e.g. smoothing a surface by making use of liquid-borne abrasives
    • B24C1/083—Deburring
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B17/00—Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by the preceding groups
    • B05B17/04—Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by the preceding groups operating with special methods
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
    • B24C1/00—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods
    • B24C1/003—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods using material which dissolves or changes phase after the treatment, e.g. ice, CO2
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
    • B24C1/00—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods
    • B24C1/04—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods for treating only selected parts of a surface, e.g. for carving stone or glass
    • B24C1/045—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods for treating only selected parts of a surface, e.g. for carving stone or glass for cutting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
    • B24C1/00—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods
    • B24C1/08—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods for polishing surfaces, e.g. smoothing a surface by making use of liquid-borne abrasives
    • B24C1/086—Descaling; Removing coating films
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26F—PERFORATING; PUNCHING; CUTTING-OUT; STAMPING-OUT; SEVERING BY MEANS OTHER THAN CUTTING
    • B26F3/00—Severing by means other than cutting; Apparatus therefor
    • B26F3/004—Severing by means other than cutting; Apparatus therefor by means of a fluid jet
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06H—MARKING, INSPECTING, SEAMING OR SEVERING TEXTILE MATERIALS
    • D06H7/00—Apparatus or processes for cutting, or otherwise severing, specially adapted for the cutting, or otherwise severing, of textile materials
    • D06H7/22—Severing by heat or by chemical agents
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/18—Drilling by liquid or gas jets, with or without entrained pellets

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
  • Nozzles (AREA)

Abstract

In order to penetrate a body of material or treat a surface, a first liquid is pressurised by pump 14 and is passed through a pipe 20 to a nozzle 22 which directs the pressurised liquid at a surface or body 30. A stream of second liquid is pressurised by a pump 40 and is passed through a pipe 32 to a nozzle 36 coaxial with the nozzle 22. One of the liquids is a liquefied gas. Typically, the first liquid is water and the second liquid the liquefied gas. The liquefied gas forms ice in the first liquid and evaporates forming cavities in the jet of water leaving the nozzle 22. The materials to be treated may be metal, plastics, elastomers, textiles, paper. <IMAGE>

Description

SPECIFICATION Method and apparatus for penetrating a body of material or treating a surface This invention relates to a method of and apparatus for treating a surface or penetrating a body of (solid) material by means of a jet of liquid. The invention is particularly concerned with the following methods of penetrating a body of (solid) material: cutting, shearing, boring, gouging and piercing, and the term "penetrating a body of solid material" as used herein encompasses such methods. The invention is also concerned with the following methods of treating a surface: finishing (eg.
planing, deburring or deflashing), cleaning and polishing, and the term "treating a surface" as used herein encompasses such methods.
It is known to use jets of liquid to perform various processes of treating surfaces or penetrating solid bodies. The ability of a liquid jet to perform such processes depends in part on the momentum of the liquid as it strikes the surface or solid body. A high velocity jet may be created by subjecting a stream of liquid (typically water) to a high pressure and then passing the stream under the high pressure through a nozzle. As the stream passes out of the nozzle so the pressure is translated into velocity. For a given nozzle, the higher the pressure, the greater the velocity of resultant jet and therefore the greater its ability to deform a surface. In order to create a high pressure, a special kind of pump, called an intensifier, may be used.
The ability to penetrate a solid body may be greatly enhanced by subjecting the surface not to a jet of constant kinetic energy but instead to one whose kinetic repeatedly varies from a maximum to a minimum and back to the maximum (ie. is effectively pulsed). One method of achieving such a variation in the kinetic energy is to feed particles of hard material into the jet or the stream of liquid from which it is formed. Another method is to interrupt the jet so as to form individual slugs of liquid. The flow of liquid may be physically interrupted by a suitable mechanical device.
Altertnatively, the nozzle may be designed as to induce cavities to form in the jet.
Jets of liquid have been used to clean surfaces, for example, of marine structures.
Jets of liquid have also been used to cut, shear or pierce such various materials as met als, textile, elastomers, plastics, laminates and other composite materials, particularly fibre reinforced plastics, leather and paper' Jets of liquid have also been used to mine materials, particularly coal. The uses of jets of liquid in treating surfaces and penetrating solid bodies mentioned in this paragraph are merely illustrative and by no means exhaustive.
The jet of liquid is commonly formed of water.
It is an aim of the present invention to provide a method of and apparatus for treating a surface or penetrating a body of solid material which involves forming a jet from two liquids, at least one of which is a liquefied gas.
According to the present invention, there is provided a method of treating a surface or penetrating a body of (solid) material, comprising the steps of forming a stream of a first liquid, pressurising the stream, passing the stream through a nozzle to form a jet, and directing the jet at the surface, or body in which method a stream of a second liquid is introduced into the first liquid upstream of, in, or downstream of the nozzle, at least one of the liquids being a liquefied gas.
The invention also provides apparatus for treating a surface or penetrating a body of (solid) material, comprising a pump having an inlet for a stream of a first liquid and an outlet; a nozzle in communication with the outlet; the nozzle being capable of forming a jet of the liquid; means for introducing a stream of second liquid into the first liquid upstream of, in, or downstream of the nozzle; a source of the first liquid, and a source of the second liquid, at least one of the sources being capable of supplying liquefied gas.
The term "body of (solid) material" as used herein encompasses hollow bodies, porous bodies, and bodies with interstitial voids (such as foamed plastics materials), as well as solid bodies that are monolithic.
The respective temperatures of the two liquids are preferably such that particles of frozen liquid are formed in the first liquid. The particles have, we believe, an effect analogous to that of particles of hard matter in a jet in that they cause variations in the kinetic energy of the jet as it strikes the surface or body.
Also, we believe that shock caused by the formation of the frozen particles may cause discrete slugs of liquid to be formed. It is not essential that particles of frozen liquid be formed in the first liquid, though in practice it is difficult to avoid their formation.
The liquefied gas will tend to evaporate on coming into contact with a warmer liquid.
Bubbles or pockets of gas will thus be formed in the first liquid. These gas bubbles or pockets may become so pronouced that the desirable end of forming individual slugs of liquid within the jet is achieved.
The first liquid may be the one which is frozen to form the particles. If this expedient is adopted, water is preferably chosen as the first liquid, the liquefied gas constituting the second liquid. The liquefied gas may typically be liquid nitrogen or liquid carbon dioxide. On entering the first liquid, the liquefied gas causes the first liquid to start to freeze. The relative rates of flow of the first and second liquids may be chosen so that particles of frozen liquid of suitable size may be formed. If the first liquid is the one which is frozen to form the particles, it is not necessary to choose water as that first liquid. Another possible choice of the first liquid is liquid carbon dioxide, the second liquid being a liquefied gas having a lower temperature such as, for example, liquid nitrogen.
It is possible for the second liquid to be the one which is frozen to form the particles. If this expedient is adopted, water may be chosen as the second liquid, the first liquid typically being liquid carbon dioxide or. liquid nitrogen. On entering the first liquid (a liquefied gas) the water or other second liquid freezes to form the particles of frozen liquid.
The relative rates of flow of the first and second liquids may be chosen so that particles of frozen liquid of suitable size may be formed. Even if the second liquid is the one which is frozen to form the particles, it is not necessary to choose water as the second liquid. Another possible choice for the second liquid is liquid carbon dioxide, the first liquid being a liquefied gas having a lower temperature such as, for example, liquid nitrogen.
Preferably up to 25% by weight of the first liquid is frozen, or, if the second liquid is frozen, the particles of frozen second liquid constitute up to 25% by weight of the jet.
The particles of ice (or other frozen liquid) are preferably formed such that they are carried generally axially within the jet. This is so as to avoid the ice particles having an abrasive action against the inner surface of the nozzle, or, if they are formed upstream of the nozzle, against the walls of the conduit connecting the nozzle to the outlet of the pump.
In order to keep the particles of frozen liquid towards the centre of the pressurised stream, an outlet in communication with the source of the second liquid may come to an end gradually on the axis of the nozzle or the said conduit. The outlet through which the second liquid is introduced into the first liquid may come to an end in the nozzle itself, for example, as close as possible to the outlet of the nozzle. In another embodiment, the outlet through which the second liquid is introduced into the first may be coaxial with the outlet of the nozzle. This arrangement may be employed if one liquid is to be introduced into the other downstream of the nozzle.
The pump is preferably of the intensifier kind. The nozzle may conform to any one of a number of alternative shapes. For example, the nozzle may have a hollow cylindrical upstream portion meeting a conical downstream portion which converges in the downstream direction and ends in a small circular orifice. If desired, the cylindical upstream portion may be ommitted. Another alternative is for the nozzle to have an annular outlet. If desired, the second liquid may be introduced into the first liquid through a pipe having a complementary annular outlet. A further alternative is for the nozzle to be formed with a convergent upstream part and a divergent downstream part which meet in a throat.
The second liquid may be introduced into the first under pressure. Alternatively, a flow of the second liquid into the first may be induced through a venturi. If desired, a flow of the second liquid may be induced into the pressurised stream passing through the throat of such a nozzle. The method and apparatus according to the invention are not restricted to the use of such nozzles: alternative geometries may, if desired, be employed.
The method and apparatus according to the present invention may be employed in any one of the aforementioned methods for treating a surface or penetrating a solid body.
Such processes may be classified into those which require the jet to be directed exactly and those which do not. Processes which require the jet to be aligned or directed include those where it is desired to make a cut in a precise position. In, for example, precision cutting, the nozzle is preferably kept in a fixed position, and the sheet of material traversed in relation to the jet so as to produce the desired cut. In order to effect the traversing of the work, it may be mounted on a suitably controlled carriage.
For low pressure processes, such as cleaning of surfaces, the pump may for example generate a pressure in the range of 5 to 21 MPa, and for example be capable of delivering from 5 to 200 litres of first liquid per minute to the nozzle. The nozzle may typically have a diameter in the range 1 to 10 mm.
In order to cut plastics, resins, composite materials and leather, the pump may, for example, generate a pressure up to 1000 MPa and deliver up to 10 litres per minute of first liquid to the nozzle. The nozzle, may have, for example, an outlet orifice of diameter in the range 0.05 to 0.5 mm.
For mining applications, particularly coal mining, the pump may or example, be capable of generating a pressure in the range 14 to 70 MPa, and of passing the first liquid to the nozzle at a rate of, for example, 230 to 6,800 litres per minute. The nozzle may, for example, have an outlet orifice whose diameter is 5 mm.
We believe that operation of the method according to the present invention makes possible the production of a jet of liquid which is more penetrative than that which can be formed when the second liquid is not supplied. Moreover, the present invention does not rely on complicated mechanical means to pulse the liquid, nor on the use of abrasive particles of hard material such as silicon carbide or titanium carbide.
The method and apparatus according to the invention will now be described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawing, which is a general diagram illustrating apparatus for use in cleaning a surface.
With reference to the drawing, a water tank 2 has an inlet 4 with an manually operable valve 6. The inlet 4 may be connected to a main water supply when it is desired to fill the tank.
The tank 2 has an outlet 8 with a valve 1 0.
The outlet 8 is connected by a pipe 1 2 to the inlet 1 4 of a pump 16, of the intensifier kind, which is capable of generating a pressure of 80 MPa. The pump 1 6 has an outlet 1 8 in which is received a flexible pipe 20 which is typically 1 metre in length and has a diameter of typically 50 mm.
A pipe 20 has at its end remote from the pump 1 6 a nozzle 22 which may typically be formed of a cermet, ceramic and/or artificial sapphire. The nozzle 22 has a hollow cylindrical upstream portion 24 and a conical downstream portion 26 which converges in the downstream direction and ends in a small orifice 28. If desired, the nozzle 24 or flexible pipe 20 may be provided with means (not shown) to enable the nozzle to be directed and held by hand at a surface 30 to be cleaned or body 30 to be penetrated. Typically, the nozzle 24 may be held a suitable distance (for example 500 to 1000 times the diameter of the outlet, or less) away from the surface 30 to be cleaned.
Extending through the cylindrical portion 24 of the nozzle 22 is a pipe 32. The pipe 32 extends into the interior of the nozzle 22 and ends in a nozzle 36 which may, for example, be of frusto-conical shape and which is coaxial with the nozzle 22. Preferably, the outlet of the nozzle 36 is within the conical portion 26 of the nozzle 22. In addition, the outlet of the nozzle 36 preferably has a diameter not greater than the diameter of the outlet 28 of the nozzle 22.
The pipe 32 is formed of materal which is not embrittled by liquid nitrogen. At its upstream end it is connected to the outlet 40 of a pump 42 which is capable of generating a greater pressure than the pump 16. Preferably, the pump 42 is of the intensifier kind.
The pump 42 has an inlet 44 which is connected by means of a pipe 46 to a source 48 of liquid nitrogen. A flow control valve 50 is dsposed in the pipe 46.
In operation, with the valves 6 and 10 open and the pump 1 6 actuated, water is taken from the tank 2 and subjected to a pressure of, say, 80 MPa. The pressurised water then flows through the pipe 20 and into the nozzle 22. With the valve 50 open, liquid nitrogen is passed from the source 48 and is subjected in the pump 42 to a pressure just greater than that to which the water in the pump 1 6 is subjected. The liquid nitrogen is then injected into the pressurised water in the nozzle 22 through the nozzle 22 through the nozzle 36.
This liquid nitrogen enters the pressurised water in the form of a fine jet. It causes small particles of ice to form in the water. At the same time, it itself evaporates forming gas bubbles within the pressurised stream of water. After the jet leaves the nozzle 22 these bubbles are effective to interrupt the flow of liquid into discrete "slugs" typically containing particles of ice. The residence time in the jet of water is sufficiently short for such ice not to melt to any appreciable extent.
By directing the jet of water at the surface to be cleaned or body to be penetrated, solid materials encrusted in, for example, oil on the surface may be broken up and washed away by the action of the jet.

Claims (24)

1. A method of treating a surface or penetrating a body of (solid) material, comprising the steps of forming a stream of a first liquid, pressurising the stream, passing the stream through a nozzle to form a jet, and directing the jet at the surface or body, in which a stream of a second liquid is introduced into the first liquid upstream of, in, or downstream of the first liquid, at least one of the liquids being a liquefied gas.
2. A method as claimed in claim 1, in which the respective temperatures of the two liquids are such that particles of frozen liquid are formed in the first liquid.
3. A method as claimed in claim 1 or claim 2, in which the second liquid enters the pressurised stream through an outlet which is generally coaxial with the nozzle.
4. A method as claimed in claim 2 or claim 3, in which the outlet through which the second liquid is introduced into the pressurised stream comes to an end within the nozzle itself.
5. A method as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, in which the jet comprises discrete slugs of liquid.
6. A method as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, in which the first liquid is the one that is frozen to form the said particles.
7. A method as claimed in claim 6, in which the first liquid is water.
8. A method as claimed in claim 7, in which the liquefied gas is liquid nitrogen or liquid carbon dioxide.
9. A method as claimed in claim 6, in which the first liquid is liquid carbon dioxide and the second liquid is liquid nitrogen.
10. A method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, in which the second liquid is water.
11. A method as claimed in claim 10, in which the first liquid is liquid carbon dioxide or liquid nitrogen.
1 2. A method as claimed in any one of claims 6 to 9, in which up to 25% by weight of the first liquid is frozen.
13. A method as claimed in claim 10 or claim 11, in which the particles of frozen second liquid constitute from 5 to 25% by weight of the jet.
14. A method of treating a surface or penerating a surface, substantially as herein described with reference to the accompanying drawing.
1 5. Apparatus for treating a surface or penetrating a body of solid material, comprising a pump having an inlet for a stream of the first liquid and an outlet; a nozzle in communication with the outlet, the nozzle being capable of forming a jet of the liquid; means for introducing a stream of a second liquid into the first liquid upstream of, in, or downstream of the nozzle; a source of the first liquid, and a source of the second liquid, at least one of the sources being adapted to contain liquefied gas.
16. Apparatus as claimed in claim 15, in which a conduit places the nozzle in communication with the pump, and a pipe for the second liquid comes to an end in the conduit or said nozzle, the outlet of such pipe being coaxial with the nozzle.
1 7. Apparatus as claimed in claim 6, in which the outlet of the pipe comes to an end within the nozzle itself.
1 8. Apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 1 5 to 17, in which the diameter of the outlet of the pipe is not greater than the diameter of the outlet of the nozzle.
1 9. Apparatus as claimed in claims 1 5 to 18, in which the nozzle has a hollow cylindrical upstream portion meeting a conical downstream portion which converges in the downstream direction and ends in a small circular orifice.
20. Apparatus as claimed in any of claims 1 5 to 19, in which the nozzle has a convergent upstream part and a divergent downstream part which meet in a throat.
21. Apparatus as claimed in claim 15 to 20, in which the said pipe comes to an end in the throat.
22. Apparatus as claimed in claim 15, in which the nozzle has an annular outlet.
23. Apparatus as claimed in claim 22, in which the pipe has a complementary annular outlet.
24. Apparatus for treating a surface or penetrating a body of (solid) material, substantially as herein described with reference to, and as shown in, the accompanying drawings.
GB8001143A 1979-01-15 1980-01-14 Method and apparatus for penetrating a body of material or treating a surface Expired GB2042399B (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB8001143A GB2042399B (en) 1979-01-15 1980-01-14 Method and apparatus for penetrating a body of material or treating a surface

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB7901482 1979-01-15
GB8001143A GB2042399B (en) 1979-01-15 1980-01-14 Method and apparatus for penetrating a body of material or treating a surface

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB2042399A true GB2042399A (en) 1980-09-24
GB2042399B GB2042399B (en) 1982-09-22

Family

ID=26270231

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB8001143A Expired GB2042399B (en) 1979-01-15 1980-01-14 Method and apparatus for penetrating a body of material or treating a surface

Country Status (1)

Country Link
GB (1) GB2042399B (en)

Cited By (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2552004A1 (en) * 1983-09-19 1985-03-22 Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind CLEANING METHOD AND APPARATUS
GB2145643A (en) * 1983-09-01 1985-04-03 Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Method and apparatus for cleaning by abrasive blasting
GB2160130A (en) * 1984-05-15 1985-12-18 Nis Eng Ltd Cleaning by abrasive jet
EP0316264A2 (en) * 1987-11-11 1989-05-17 Werner &amp; Zeisse GmbH &amp; Co. Method and device for stripping enamel and for removing layers from surfaces
WO1989010522A1 (en) * 1988-04-28 1989-11-02 Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Method and device for producing ice balls and application to the projection of such ice balls for surface treatments
EP0430856A1 (en) * 1989-11-27 1991-06-05 United Technologies Corporation Liquid jet removal of plasma sprayed and sintered coatings
EP0509132A1 (en) * 1991-04-19 1992-10-21 Szücs, Eva Abony Method and device for the cleaning of surfaces, in particular delicate surfaces
US5222332A (en) * 1991-04-10 1993-06-29 Mains Jr Gilbert L Method for material removal
US5318636A (en) * 1991-04-19 1994-06-07 Eva Abony Szucs Method for cleaning surfaces, in particular sensitive surfaces
EP0732473A1 (en) * 1995-03-17 1996-09-18 Ford-Werke Aktiengesellschaft Method of manufacturing hinge part blanks from strip material
US5599223A (en) * 1991-04-10 1997-02-04 Mains Jr.; Gilbert L. Method for material removal
WO1997006923A1 (en) * 1995-08-11 1997-02-27 Crycle Cryogenic C.V. Method and apparatus for cutting, abrading, and drilling with sublimable particles and vaporous liquids
DE19632883A1 (en) * 1996-08-16 1998-02-19 Erich Klaus Method for liquid jet cutting of workpieces
WO1999003640A1 (en) * 1997-07-18 1999-01-28 The Secretary Of State For Defence Two-phase abrasive cutting device
GB2342089A (en) * 1998-09-30 2000-04-05 Beldam Crossley Limited Structure for storing and/or transporting goods and a structural member for such a structure
WO2002011892A2 (en) * 2000-08-10 2002-02-14 Rag Aktiengesellschaft Device for separating and machining parts or semifinished products
WO2007057426A2 (en) * 2005-11-18 2007-05-24 Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. Device and method for feeding particles into a stream
US10449687B2 (en) 2015-04-02 2019-10-22 Amtk Technology Development Co. Ltd Low-cost, contamination-free cutting tool and operation method and use method thereof

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105507812B (en) * 2015-12-29 2017-08-11 中国矿业大学 Waterpower hole-punching method is vaporized in a kind of microwave radiation hole

Cited By (31)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2145643A (en) * 1983-09-01 1985-04-03 Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Method and apparatus for cleaning by abrasive blasting
FR2552004A1 (en) * 1983-09-19 1985-03-22 Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind CLEANING METHOD AND APPARATUS
GB2146926A (en) * 1983-09-19 1985-05-01 Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Abrasive blast cleaning method and apparatus
GB2160130A (en) * 1984-05-15 1985-12-18 Nis Eng Ltd Cleaning by abrasive jet
EP0316264A2 (en) * 1987-11-11 1989-05-17 Werner &amp; Zeisse GmbH &amp; Co. Method and device for stripping enamel and for removing layers from surfaces
EP0316264A3 (en) * 1987-11-11 1989-12-13 Howaldtswerke-Deutsche Werft Ag Method and device for stripping enamel and for removing layers from surfaces
WO1989010522A1 (en) * 1988-04-28 1989-11-02 Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Method and device for producing ice balls and application to the projection of such ice balls for surface treatments
FR2630668A1 (en) * 1988-04-28 1989-11-03 Commissariat Energie Atomique METHOD AND DEVICE FOR MANUFACTURING ICE BALLS AND APPLICATION TO THE SPRAYING OF THESE ICE BALLS FOR SURFACE TREATMENTS
EP0430856A1 (en) * 1989-11-27 1991-06-05 United Technologies Corporation Liquid jet removal of plasma sprayed and sintered coatings
US5167721A (en) * 1989-11-27 1992-12-01 United Technologies Corporation Liquid jet removal of plasma sprayed and sintered
USRE35611E (en) * 1989-11-27 1997-09-23 Waterjet Systems, Inc. Liquid jet removal of plasma sprayed and sintered coatings
US5222332A (en) * 1991-04-10 1993-06-29 Mains Jr Gilbert L Method for material removal
US5341608A (en) * 1991-04-10 1994-08-30 Mains Jr Gilbert L Method and apparatus for material removal
US5599223A (en) * 1991-04-10 1997-02-04 Mains Jr.; Gilbert L. Method for material removal
EP0509132A1 (en) * 1991-04-19 1992-10-21 Szücs, Eva Abony Method and device for the cleaning of surfaces, in particular delicate surfaces
US5318636A (en) * 1991-04-19 1994-06-07 Eva Abony Szucs Method for cleaning surfaces, in particular sensitive surfaces
EP0732473A1 (en) * 1995-03-17 1996-09-18 Ford-Werke Aktiengesellschaft Method of manufacturing hinge part blanks from strip material
WO1997006923A1 (en) * 1995-08-11 1997-02-27 Crycle Cryogenic C.V. Method and apparatus for cutting, abrading, and drilling with sublimable particles and vaporous liquids
DE19632883A1 (en) * 1996-08-16 1998-02-19 Erich Klaus Method for liquid jet cutting of workpieces
WO1999003640A1 (en) * 1997-07-18 1999-01-28 The Secretary Of State For Defence Two-phase abrasive cutting device
GB2342089A (en) * 1998-09-30 2000-04-05 Beldam Crossley Limited Structure for storing and/or transporting goods and a structural member for such a structure
WO2002011892A2 (en) * 2000-08-10 2002-02-14 Rag Aktiengesellschaft Device for separating and machining parts or semifinished products
WO2002011892A3 (en) * 2000-08-10 2002-04-18 Rag Ag Device for separating and machining parts or semifinished products
WO2007057426A2 (en) * 2005-11-18 2007-05-24 Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. Device and method for feeding particles into a stream
WO2007057426A3 (en) * 2005-11-18 2007-08-30 Shell Int Research Device and method for feeding particles into a stream
GB2444884A (en) * 2005-11-18 2008-06-18 Shell Int Research Device and method for feeding particles into a stream
GB2444884B (en) * 2005-11-18 2009-01-28 Shell Int Research Device and method for feeding particles into a stream
AU2006314487B2 (en) * 2005-11-18 2010-10-14 Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. Device and method for feeding particles into a stream
CN101310089B (en) * 2005-11-18 2011-12-14 国际壳牌研究有限公司 Device and method for feeding particles into a stream
US8087480B2 (en) 2005-11-18 2012-01-03 Shell Oil Company Device and method for feeding particles into a stream
US10449687B2 (en) 2015-04-02 2019-10-22 Amtk Technology Development Co. Ltd Low-cost, contamination-free cutting tool and operation method and use method thereof

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB2042399B (en) 1982-09-22

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
GB2042399A (en) Method and apparatus for penetrating a body of material or treating a surface
US4648215A (en) Method and apparatus for forming a high velocity liquid abrasive jet
JP5678380B2 (en) Cutting head and cutting nozzle for liquid / abrasive jet cutting device
EP1165249B1 (en) Method and apparatus for fluid jet formation
US5733174A (en) Method and apparatus for cutting, abrading, and drilling with sublimable particles and vaporous liquids
US3212378A (en) Process for cutting and working solid materials
US3526162A (en) Process and apparatus for cutting of non-metallic materials
US5626508A (en) Focusing nozzle
EP0110529B1 (en) High velocity fluid abrasive jet
US20050230152A1 (en) Suspended abrasive waterjet hole drilling system and method
GB2042398A (en) Method and apparatus for penetrating a body of material or treating a surface
US5255959A (en) Twin-jet process and apparatus therefor
JPH0647671A (en) Nozzle for cavitation jet
WO2001043917A2 (en) A method for using a liquid jet cutting device and a nozzle for a liquid jet cutting device
WO2001003887A1 (en) Method and apparatus for machining and processing of materials
Hashish Wear in abrasive waterjet cutting systems
Xue A novel metal-cutting technology for high-risk environments using self-excited oscillation pulsed abrasive water jet
RU2118587C1 (en) Method for cutting by means of power jet carrying abrasive powder and apparatus for performing the same
JPH08257997A (en) Method for treating material with hydro-jet
RU2223167C2 (en) Method for hydraulic gas-abrasive treatment and apparatus for performing the same
JPH05237766A (en) Water jet working machine

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PG Patent granted