GB2041846A - Motor Vehicle Independent Rear Wheel Suspension - Google Patents
Motor Vehicle Independent Rear Wheel Suspension Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2041846A GB2041846A GB7906017A GB7906017A GB2041846A GB 2041846 A GB2041846 A GB 2041846A GB 7906017 A GB7906017 A GB 7906017A GB 7906017 A GB7906017 A GB 7906017A GB 2041846 A GB2041846 A GB 2041846A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- vehicle
- leaf spring
- wheel carrier
- suspension
- wheel
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G15/00—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or type of combined spring and vibration damper, e.g. telescopic type
- B60G15/02—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or type of combined spring and vibration damper, e.g. telescopic type having mechanical spring
- B60G15/06—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or type of combined spring and vibration damper, e.g. telescopic type having mechanical spring and fluid damper
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G11/00—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs
- B60G11/02—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs having leaf springs only
- B60G11/04—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs having leaf springs only arranged substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G11/00—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs
- B60G11/02—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs having leaf springs only
- B60G11/10—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs having leaf springs only characterised by means specially adapted for attaching the spring to axle or sprung part of the vehicle
- B60G11/113—Mountings on the axle
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G2200/00—Indexing codes relating to suspension types
- B60G2200/40—Indexing codes relating to the wheels in the suspensions
- B60G2200/46—Indexing codes relating to the wheels in the suspensions camber angle
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G2202/00—Indexing codes relating to the type of spring, damper or actuator
- B60G2202/10—Type of spring
- B60G2202/11—Leaf spring
- B60G2202/112—Leaf spring longitudinally arranged
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G2204/00—Indexing codes related to suspensions per se or to auxiliary parts
- B60G2204/10—Mounting of suspension elements
- B60G2204/12—Mounting of springs or dampers
- B60G2204/129—Damper mount on wheel suspension or knuckle
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
Abstract
A motor vehicle is disclosed in which each rear wheel (10) is mounted on a respective wheel carrier (11), which is in turn mounted on the vehicle by a respective leaf spring (13). In order to provide independent suspension of each wheel, a generally upright telescopic strut (22) capable of withstanding bending moments is rigidly fixed at one end to each wheel carrier and pivoted at the other end to the vehicle structure, for example to a respective wheel arch, the leaf springs (13) and struts (22) locating the wheel carriers. In one embodiment, the leaf springs (13) are of the semi-elliptic type and the wheel carrier (11) is disposed partway therealong. In another embodiment, the leaf springs are of the quarter-elliptic type and the wheel carriers (11) are disposed at respective ends thereof. <IMAGE>
Description
SPECIFICATION
Motor Vehicle Suspensions
This invention relates to motor vehicle suspensions.
According to one aspect of the invention, there is provided a motor vehicle suspension comprising a wheel carrier, a leaf spring for supporting in part the sprung mass of the vehicle and to which the wheel carrier is attached and a telescopic strut rigidly fixed at one end to the wheel carrier and for connection at the other end to the vehicle sprung mass.
Preferably the strut is a telescopic damper strut.
Preferably the wheel carrier provides an axis of rotation for the wheel and the leaf spring extends generally at right angles to that axis.
The leaf spring may be a semi-elliptic spring adapted for connection at both ends to the vehicle sprung mass, the wheel carrier being attached to the leaf spring between the ends thereof.
Preferably the wheel carrier includes a projecting stub axle providing said axis of rotation for the wheel, the leaf spring being offset towards its ends in the direction from which the stub axle projects.
The wheel carrier may comprise a body and a clamping plate, the leaf spring being clamped between the body and the clamping plate.
Means may be provided to permit limited rocking of the wheel carrier relative to the portion of the leaf spring clamped thereto about an axis extending transversely of said portion of the leaf spring.
Said means may comprise a fulcrum formed on the body and engaging the leaf spring to provide said transverse axis, and resilient means clamped between the leaf spring and at least the clamping plate to resist rocking of the wheel carrier relative to said portion of the leaf spring.
Preferably the fulcrum comprises at least two protrusions spaced along said transverse axis, which protrusions engage complementary recesses in the leaf spring, further protrusions being formed on the clamping plate opposite said first-mentioned protrusions, which further protrusions abut the leaf spring, and slide relative thereto during rocking of the wheel carrier.
A socket may be formed in the wheel carrier, said one end of the telescopic strut being rigidly clamped in the socket.
Instead of being a semi-elliptic spring, the leaf spring may be a quarter elliptic spring having one end adapted to be rigidly attachable to the vehicle sprung mass, the other end being connected to the wheel carrier.
In this case the wheel carrier may comprise a shaft coaxial with the axis of the rotation for the wheel, said other end of the leaf spring being connected to the shaft for movement about the axis thereof.
Preferably said other end of the leaf spring is forked and each limb of the fork is connected to the shaft for movement about the axis thereof.
Preferably the ends of the limbs are formed with axially aligned eyes and a bush is iocated between each eye and the shaft.
A distance tube may be rigidly mounted on the shaft intermediate the ends of the limbs of the fork, said one end of the telescopic strut being rigidly fixed to the distance tube.
According to another aspect of the invention, there is provided a motor vehicle having a suspension according to said one aspect of the invention acting between at least one wheel of the vehicle mounted on the wheel carrier and the vehicle sprung mass, the leaf spring extending generally longitudinally of the vehicle and supporting in part the sprung mass of the vehicle, said other end of the telescopic strut being connected to the vehicle sprung mass.
In the case wherein a semi-elliptic spring is provided having both its ends connected to the vehicle sprung mass, the transverse axis of the leaf spring, adjacent the wheel carrier, is preferably inclined upwardly in a direction towards the centre plane of the vehicle.
In this case the forward end of the leaf spring is preferably higher than the rearward end of the leaf spring, the telescopic strut extending upwardly and rearwardly from the wheel carrier.
In the case where a quarter elliptic spring is provided having said one end of the leaf spring rigidly attached to the vehicle sprung mass, the transverse axis of the leaf spring, adjacent said one end, is preferably inclined upwardly in a direction towards the centre plane of the vehicle.
In this case said one end of the leaf spring is preferably forward of and higher than the other end thereof, said telescopic strut extending upwardly and forwardly from the wheel carrier.
The invention will now be described by way of example, reference being made to the accompanying drawings in which:
Figure 1 is diagrammatic side elevation of one embodiment of the invention;
Figure 2 is a plan view of the embodiment of
Figure 1;
Figure 3 is a part-sectional rear view in the direction of arrow A in Figure 1;
Figure 4 is a sectional view on enlarged scale taken along the line 4-4 of Figure 1;
Figure 5 is a diagrammatic side elevation of a second embodiment of the invention;
Figure 6 is a part-sectional plan of the embodiment of Figure 5; and
Figure 7 is a view in the direction of arrow B in
Figure 5.
Referring firstly to Figures 1 to 4, in a front wheel driven motor vehicle rear suspension according to this invention each non-driven rear wheel 10 is rotatably mounted on a stub axle (not shown) forming part of a wheel carrier 11 having a rectangular base 1 2 secured to a longitudinally extending semi-elliptic leaf spring 1 3 by means of four screw-threaded studs 14 extending downwardly from the base 12 adjacent the corners thereof, a clamping plate 1 5 having holes through which studs 14 pass and nuts 1 6 and washers 1 6a engaging the free ends of the studs.
As shown in Figure 4, two spaced-apart partspherical protrusions 1 7 are formed on the underside of the wheel carrier base 12 along the axis thereof and similar protrusions 1 8 are formed on the upper surface of the clamping plate 15. A thin rectangular flat pad 1 9 of resilient material, e.g. rubber, is interposed between the underside of the carrier base 12 and the top surface of the leaf spring 13 and a similar resilient pad 20 is interposed between the top surface of the clamping plate 1 5 and the underside of the leaf spring.Both pads have holes to permit the protrusions 1 7 to engage into correspondingly shaped part-spherical recesses 21 in the upper surface of the leaf spring and the protrusions 1 8 to engage against the lower surface of the leaf spring when the nuts 1 6 are tightened on the studs 14. This arrangement provides a limited degree of rocking of the carrier relative to the leaf spring about the transverse axis of the leaf spring.
A telescopic damper strut 22 capable of bearing bending moments has its lower end engaged into an upwardly extending cylindrical socket formed in the wheel carrier 11 and is rigidly secured thereto by means of a pinch bolt 23 engaged through holes in lugs formed either side of a slotted portion of the socket adjacent the open end thereof. The upper end of the strut is secured through resilient bushes 24 to the top of the wheel arch 25 formed by the vehicle body structure. Pivotable movement of the strut about the transverse axis of the leaf spring due to deflection of the latter is provided for by the mounting arrangement of the wheel carrier 11 as described hereinbefore.
As can be seen in Figure 2 the leaf spring 13 comprises a wide main blade 26 above a triangulated second blade 27 rivetted at the centre to the main blade. The ends 28 and 29 of the main blade are offset outwardly of the central part towards the longitudinal centre plane of the wheel as a means of reducing the static strut bending moment. The forward end 28 of the main blade is attached via resilient bushes to the vehicle body structure whilst the rear end 29 is connected to the vehicle body structure by an orthodox shackle and resilient bushing arrangement.The front end 28 of the main blade is higher than the rear end 29 to incline the leaf spring and damper strut rearwardly to provide a degree of anti-lift under braking forces, whilst the resilience of the bushes at both ends of the spring may be directionally different such that there is a greater degree of compliance in the longitudinal direction to provide some ride refinement whilst being relatively stiff in the transverse direction to provide lateral stability. Referring to Figures 1 and 2, the transverse axis of the leaf spring is at an angle to the horizontal extending upwardly towards the longitudinal centre plane of the vehicle, the magnitude of this angle determining inter alia the roll centre height, e.g. the greater the angle the higher the roll centre.
Referring now to Figures 5 to 7 which also illustrate a front wheel driven motor vehicle independent rear suspension according to this invention each non-driven rear wheel 10 is supported for rotation on a stub axle (not shown) forming part of a wheel carrier 11. The wheel carrier further comprises a shouldered portion 30 and an axially extending shaft 31. The end portion of the shaft remote from the shoulder being screw-threaded.
A carrier also comprises an elongate strip 32, plate 33, distance tube 34 and a brake mounting plate 35. The strip is formed with straight end portions 36, 37 at ninety degrees to each other and an intermediate curved portion 38 which partially encircles the lower part of a telescopic damper strut 22 and is welded thereto. The strut 22 is capable of bearing bending moments. The distance tube 34 is welded to the inside face of end 36, the strut 22 and plate 33 which is also welded at one end to the strip 32 such that holes in the end 37 and plate 33 are axially in line with the axis of the bore of the distance tube. The mounting plate 35 is welded to the end 37 of strip 32 such that a centrally located hole in the plate is also axially in line with the bore of the distance tube and end 36, plates 33 and 35 comprise three parailel spaced-apart walls.
A substantially wide quarter-elliptic leaf spring 13 as shown comprises a main blade 26 and a secondary blade 27. The forward end of the spring is secured to the vehicle body structure by bolts 39 and the rearward end of the main blade 26 terminates in a fork as shown in Figure 6. The ends of the limbs of the fork are formed with axially aligned eyes 40 and 41 into each of which is located a bush 42 of resilient material e.g.
rubber, having a flange at one end thereof, the shoulder of the flange abutting the inner side of its respective eye. A metal tube 43 comprising the bore of the bush is bonded to the resilient material and may extend substantially the length of the bush to provide a degree of axial compression of the resilient material under end loading.
The carrier 11 and hence the lower end of the telescopic strut 22 are connected to the forked end of the leaf spring by locating the plate 33 and mounting plate 35 either side of bush 42 in eye 41 such that plate 33 and end 36 of the strip lie against the flanged ends of the bushes between the limbs of the fork. The shaft 31 is inserted through mounting plate 35 and the bores of the bushes and distance tube such that the shoulder 30 abuts the outer face of the mounting plate 35 and these elements are then solidly clamped together by tightening nut 44 engaged over the screw-threaded end of the shaft 31, a plain washer 45 being interposed between the nut and the end of the adjacent bush 42.
Mounting of the brake drum 46 and wheel 10 on to the stub axle are by orthodox means and the backing plate 47 supporting the brake shoes etc (not shown) is secured to the mounting plate 35 by bolts 48 passing through suitable holes in the plate 35. As can be seen in Figures 5 and 7 the upper end of the telescopic strut 22 is secured in an orthodox manner via resilient bushes 24 to the top of the wheel arch 25 formed by the vehicle body structure.
Referring to Figure 7, it can be seen that the leaf spring is secured to the vehicle body structure such that the transverse axis of the spring is at an angle y to the horizontal extending upwardly towards the longitudinal centre line of the vehicle, the magnitude of this angle determining inter alia the vehicle roll centre height. This angle gradually reduces to substantially horizontal at the forked end of the spring due to torsional deflection of the spring under the influence of the bending moment induced by the reaction of the offset wheel with the road surface. As these loads thus induced are in opposite directions, the static strut bending moment that would otherwise be present is substantially reduced by this arrangement.
Movement of the telescopic strut relative to the leaf spring due to normal operational deflections of the spring is permitted to a limited degree by the resilience of the bushes 42. Also, because the eyes 40 and 41 are lower in height to the forward end of the spring and the telescopic strut is angled forwardly, a degree of anti-lift under braking forces is inherent in this arrangement.
Various modifications may be made to the embodiment described hereinbefore without departing from the scope of the claims. For example the main and secondary blades of the leaf spring may be replaced by a single blade have a width substantially corresponding to the combined width of the hitherto two separate blades as shown in dotted line in Figure 6. Also, to facilitate possible replacement, the telescopic strut may be secured to the carrier bracket by suitable clamping means permitting removal of the strut from the vehicle independently of the carrier bracket.
Claims (18)
1. A motor vehicle having independent rear suspensions for supporting respective rear wheels of the vehicle on the sprung part of the vehicle, each independent suspension comprising a fore and aft extending leaf spring mounted on said sprung part of the vehicle, a wheel carrier attached to the leaf spring to provide an axis for rotation of a wheel mounted thereon extending transversely of the vehicle and a generally upright telescopic guide strut rigidly fixed at a lower end to the wheel carrier and pivotally attached at the upper end to the sprung part of the vehicle to guide the vertical suspension movement of the wheel carrier provided by the spring.
2. A vehicle as claimed in claim 1, wherein each strut is a telescopic damper strut.
3. A vehicle as claimed in claim 1 or claim 2, wherein each leaf spring is a semi-elliptic spring connected at both its ends to the sprung part of the vehicle and each wheel carrier is attached to its respective leaf spring between the ends thereof.
4. A vehicle as claimed in claim 3, wherein each wheel carrier includes a projecting stub axle providing the transverse axis of rotation for its respective wheel, each leaf spring being offset towards its ends in the direction from which the respective stub axle projects.
5. A vehicle as claimed in claim 3 or 4, wherein each wheel carrier comprises a body and a
clamping plate, each leaf spring being clamped
between the respective body and clamping plate.
6. A vehicle as claimed in claim 5, wherein
means are provided to permit limited rocking of
each wheel carrier relative to the portion of the
leaf spring clamped thereto about an axis
extending transversely of said portion of that leaf
spring.
7. A vehicle as claimed in claim 6, wherein said
means comprises a fulcrum formed on the body
and engaging the leaf spring to provide said
transverse axis, and resilient means clamped
between the leaf spring and at least the clamping
plate to resist rocking of the respective wheel
carrier relative to said portion of the leaf spring.
8. A vehicle as claimed in claim 7, wherein the
fulcrum comprises at least two protrusions
spaced along said transverse axis, which
protrusions engage complementary recesses in
the leaf spring, further protrusions being formed
on the clamping plate opposite said first
mentioned protrusions, which further protrusions
abut the leaf spring and slide relative thereto
during rocking of the respective wheel carrier.
9. A vehicle as claimed in any one of claims 3
to 8, wherein a socket is formed in each wheel carrier and said one end of the respective
telescopic strut is rigidly clamped in the socket.
10. A vehicle as claimed in any one of claims 3
to 9, wherein the transverse axis of each leaf
spring, adjacent the respective wheel carrier, is
inclined upwardly in a direction towards the
centre plane of the vehicle.
11. A vehicle as claimed in claim 10, wherein
the forward end of each leaf spring is higher than
the rearward end thereof and each telescopic
strut extends upwardly and rearwardly from the
respective wheel carrier.
12. A vehicle as claimed in claim 1 or claim 2,
wherein each leaf spring is a quarter elliptic spring
having one end rigidly attached to the sprung part
of the vehicle, the other end being connected to
the respective wheel carrier.
13. A vehicle as claimed in claim 12, wherein
each wheel carrier comprises a shaft coaxial with
the axis of rotation for the respective wheel and
said other end of the respective leaf spring is
connected to the shaft for movement about the
axis thereof.
14. A vehicle as claimed in claim 13, wherein
said other end of each leaf spring is forked and
each limb of the fork is connected to the
respective shaft for movement about the axis
thereof.
15. A vehicle as claimed in claim 14, wherein
the ends of the limbs of each fork are formed with
axially aligned eyes and a bush is located between
each eye and the respective shaft.
16. A vehicle as claimed in claim 14 or 1 5,
wherein a distance tube is rigidly mounted on
each shaft intermediate the ends of the limbs of
the respective fork and said one end of each
telescopic strut is rigidly fixed to the respective
distance tube.
1 7. A vehicle as claimed in any one of claims 1 2 to 16, wherein the transverse axis of each leaf spring, adjacent said one end thereof, is inclined upwardly in a direction towards the centre plane of the vehicle.
18. A vehicle as claimed in claim 17, wherein said one end of each leaf spring is forward of and higher than the other end thereof and each telescopic strut extends upwardly and forwardly from the respective wheel carrier.
1 9. A motor vehicle substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to and as illustrated in Figures 1 to 4 or Figures 5 to 7 of the accompanying drawings.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB7906017A GB2041846B (en) | 1979-02-20 | 1979-02-20 | Motor vehicle independent rear wheel suspension |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB7906017A GB2041846B (en) | 1979-02-20 | 1979-02-20 | Motor vehicle independent rear wheel suspension |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB2041846A true GB2041846A (en) | 1980-09-17 |
| GB2041846B GB2041846B (en) | 1982-10-20 |
Family
ID=10503316
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB7906017A Expired GB2041846B (en) | 1979-02-20 | 1979-02-20 | Motor vehicle independent rear wheel suspension |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (1) | GB2041846B (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2543073A1 (en) * | 1983-03-22 | 1984-09-28 | Renault | Rear axle assembly suspension for a motor vehicle |
| EP0165214A2 (en) * | 1984-06-12 | 1985-12-18 | CORINT S.r.l. | Independent wheel suspension for rear driven wheels of motor-vehicles |
| DE4444078A1 (en) * | 1994-12-10 | 1996-06-13 | Audi Ag | Wheel suspension for non-steered wheels of vehicle |
| DE19625018A1 (en) * | 1996-06-22 | 1998-01-02 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag | Rear wheel suspension for motor vehicle |
| DE102009058170A1 (en) * | 2009-12-15 | 2011-06-22 | Benteler SGL GmbH & Co. KG, 33102 | Leaf spring assembly |
| CN104302491A (en) * | 2011-12-22 | 2015-01-21 | 沃尔沃拉斯特瓦格纳公司 | Front leaf spring |
-
1979
- 1979-02-20 GB GB7906017A patent/GB2041846B/en not_active Expired
Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2543073A1 (en) * | 1983-03-22 | 1984-09-28 | Renault | Rear axle assembly suspension for a motor vehicle |
| EP0165214A2 (en) * | 1984-06-12 | 1985-12-18 | CORINT S.r.l. | Independent wheel suspension for rear driven wheels of motor-vehicles |
| EP0165214A3 (en) * | 1984-06-12 | 1987-08-05 | CORINT S.r.l. | Independent wheel suspension for rear driven wheels of motor-vehicles |
| DE4444078A1 (en) * | 1994-12-10 | 1996-06-13 | Audi Ag | Wheel suspension for non-steered wheels of vehicle |
| DE19625018A1 (en) * | 1996-06-22 | 1998-01-02 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag | Rear wheel suspension for motor vehicle |
| DE102009058170A1 (en) * | 2009-12-15 | 2011-06-22 | Benteler SGL GmbH & Co. KG, 33102 | Leaf spring assembly |
| WO2011072652A1 (en) | 2009-12-15 | 2011-06-23 | Benteler Sgl Gmbh & Co. Kg | Leaf spring arrangement |
| GB2479111A (en) * | 2009-12-15 | 2011-09-28 | Benteler Sgl Gmbh & Co Kg | Leaf spring arrangement |
| CN102341255A (en) * | 2009-12-15 | 2012-02-01 | 本特勒Sgl有限责任两合公司 | Leaf spring arrangement |
| CN102341255B (en) * | 2009-12-15 | 2014-04-09 | 本特勒Sgl有限责任两合公司 | Leaf spring arrangement |
| US8925909B2 (en) | 2009-12-15 | 2015-01-06 | Benteler Sgl Gmbh & Co. Kg | Leaf spring arrangement |
| CN104302491A (en) * | 2011-12-22 | 2015-01-21 | 沃尔沃拉斯特瓦格纳公司 | Front leaf spring |
| EP2794307A4 (en) * | 2011-12-22 | 2015-10-14 | Volvo Lastvagnar Ab | Front leaf spring |
| CN104302491B (en) * | 2011-12-22 | 2016-12-14 | 沃尔沃拉斯特瓦格纳公司 | Vehicle suspension and the vehicle with this suspension |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB2041846B (en) | 1982-10-20 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 19930220 |