GB2038214A - Abrasive tool - Google Patents
Abrasive tool Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2038214A GB2038214A GB7943002A GB7943002A GB2038214A GB 2038214 A GB2038214 A GB 2038214A GB 7943002 A GB7943002 A GB 7943002A GB 7943002 A GB7943002 A GB 7943002A GB 2038214 A GB2038214 A GB 2038214A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- abrasive
- matrix
- tool
- nickel
- resistant layer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C30/00—Coating with metallic material characterised only by the composition of the metallic material, i.e. not characterised by the coating process
- C23C30/005—Coating with metallic material characterised only by the composition of the metallic material, i.e. not characterised by the coating process on hard metal substrates
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
- B24D3/00—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents
- B24D3/02—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent
- B24D3/04—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent and being essentially inorganic
- B24D3/06—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent and being essentially inorganic metallic or mixture of metals with ceramic materials, e.g. hard metals, "cermets", cements
- B24D3/08—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent and being essentially inorganic metallic or mixture of metals with ceramic materials, e.g. hard metals, "cermets", cements for close-grained structure, e.g. using metal with low melting point
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
- B24D7/00—Bonded abrasive wheels, or wheels with inserted abrasive blocks, designed for acting otherwise than only by their periphery, e.g. by the front face; Bushings or mountings therefor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)
Abstract
An abrasive tool comprises abrasive material 3 held on the tool body 1 by a matrix 2 on whose surface is provided a wear resistant layer 4 to prevent abrasion of the matrix by particles from a workpiece when the tool is in use. The tool may be single or multipoint and used for dressing or drilling. <IMAGE>
Description
SPECIFICATION
Abrasive tool
This invention relates to an abrasive tool.
Abrasive tools (especially those made with diamond and cubic boron nitrode) are conventionally manufactured by encapsulating one or more abrasive particles in a resin, metal or ceramic matrix. The properties of this matrix have to be balanced between having adequate mechanical properties to retain the abrasive against the mechanical cutting loads, and having extreme wear resistance to resist abrasion by cutting debris. This dual requirement has made it necessary to use expensive matrix materials and, in the case of meal bonded tools, high processing temperatures.
Further, electro-plated tools using abrasives have in the past suffered in many applications from erosion of the electro-deposited matrix, which allows the abrasive particles to be pulled out of the matrix before the end of its useful cutting life.
An object of the invention is to allow the wear resistance of an abrasive tool to be increased.
According to the present invention there is provided an abrasive tool having a tool body, abrasive material held on the tool body by a matrix, and a layer of wear resistant material on the matrix around the abrasive material.
The abrasive material may be encapsulated in the matrix, but preferably projects from the matrix and the wear resistant layer; the matrix should have mechanical properties sufficient to retain the abrasive against mechanical cutting loads.
The matrix may be, for example, bronze, nickel, nickel alloy, iron or iron alloy. The invention allows the use of a material in the matrix having a coefficient of thermal expansion closer to that of the abrasive material than has previously been the case; this is particularly so when the abrasive material is diamond, as the alloy Invar can be used in the matrix by virtue of the invention.
The wear resistant layer may contain a secondary abrasive, preferably in a concentration of from 5 to 65% (most preferably 10 to 40%) and preferably having particle sizes of from 1 to 100 microns.
Diamond or cubic boron nitride are suitable secondary abrasives. The layer may also contain binder material, for example, a matrix of electro-less nickel (such as nickel phosphide or nickel boride) or of resin, plated nickel or plated cobalt. A solid lubricant may also be included in the wear resistant layer, for example, polytetrafluorethylene, graphite or molybdenum disulphide, preferably in particle sizes of from 0 to 100 Ft.
The wear resistant layer may be applied to the matrix by various methods. When a secondary abrasive is present, the layer may be applied by flame spraying, plasma deposition, ion plating, electro-plating or electro-less plating, and subsequent heat treatment may be required. Electro-less plating has been found to be most suitable.
An element, for example chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, aluminium, nickel or boron may be used in the layer and may be applied by solid state diffusion and subsequent heat treatment.
Ion implantation techniques may also be used to improve the properties of the surface layer of the matrix and thereby provide wear resistance.
Embodiments of the present invention will now be described by way of illustration in the following
Examples, which refer to the accompanying drawings, in which:
Figures 1 to 4are sectional views of portions of abrasive tools of the invention.
Example 1
The abrasive tool shown in Figure 1 has a steel tool body 1 which has applied to it a matrix 2 of nickel. Diamond particles 3 are embedded in the nickel matrix 2 to act as abrasive, and are also held by a wear-resistant layer 4 of a nickel and diamond composite. The diamond particles 3 project beyond the surface ofthewear-resistant layer 4.
The tool of this Example displays excellent resistance to abrasion of its surface by cutting debris when the tool is in use, as the layer 4 confers a great measure of wear resistance to the tool surface, while allowing the inner matrix 2 to be selected for its retention of the diamond 3.
The tool of this Example is produced by electroplating the tool body 1 with nickel around the diamond particles 3 to a depth of 0.004 inch. The matrix 2 thus formed is then coated by electro-less deposition to a depth of 0.002 inch with a composite of 75% by volume nickel and 25% by volume diamond. The diamond particles 3 in this Example are about 0.009 inch in size and therefore extend from the surface of the layer 4 by about one-third of their extent.
Examples 2, 3 and 4
Figures 2, 3, and 4 show respectively a single point tool, a multi-point tool and an abrasive drilling tool, and in each the tool body, matrix, abrasive particles and wear-resistant layer are indicated by the same reference numerals as in Figure 1. The tools of
Figures 2 and 3 may be used as surface set wheel dressing tools and the tool of Figure 4 may be used as a surface set drilling bit.
While the depths of the matrix and wear resistant layers are given above only by way of example, it is preferable that the abrasive particles should project from the wear resistant layer of about one-third of their size.
Modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the scope of the invention.
1. An abrasive tool having a tool body, abrasive material held on the tool body by a matrix, and a layer of wear resistant material on the matrix around the abrasive material.
2. An abrasive tool according to Claim 1, wherein the abrasive material is particulate and projects from the wear resistant layer.
3. An abrasive tool according to Claim 2, wherein the abrasive particles project from the wear resistant layer by about one third of their size.
**WARNING** end of DESC field may overlap start of CLMS **.
Claims (16)
1. An abrasive tool having a tool body, abrasive material held on the tool body by a matrix, and a layer of wear resistant material on the matrix around the abrasive material.
2. An abrasive tool according to Claim 1, wherein the abrasive material is particulate and projects from the wear resistant layer.
3. An abrasive tool according to Claim 2, wherein the abrasive particles project from the wear resistant layer by about one third of their size.
4. An abrasive tool according to Claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the wear resistant layer contains a secondary abrasive.
5. An abrasive tool according to Claim 4, wherein the secondary abrasive is diamond or cubic boron nitride.
6. An abrasive tool according to Claim 4 or 5, wherein the secondary abrasive is present in a concentration of from 5 to 65% by volume.
7. An abrasive tool according to Claim 6, wherein the secondary abrasive is present in a concentration of from 10 to 40% by volume.
8. An abrasive tool according to any one of
Claims 4 to 7, wherein the secondary abrasive is present in particle sizes of from 1 to 100 microns.
9. An abrasive tool according to any one of
Claims 4 to 8, wherein the wear resistant layer contains nickel and powered diamond.
10. An abrasive tool according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the wear resistant layer is applied by electro-less deposition.
11. An abrasive tool according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the wear resistant layer contains a solid lubricant.
12. An abrasive tool according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the wear resistant layer is about half as deep as the matrix.
13. An abrasive tool according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the matrix is selected from bronze, nickel, nickel alloy, iron and iron alloy.
14. An abrasive tool according to Claim 13, wherein the matrix is of the alloy Invar and the abrasive material is diamond.
15. An abrasive tool substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to any one of the
Examples.
16. An abrasive tool substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to and as shown in any one of Figures 1,2,3 and 4 of the accompanying drawings.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB7943002A GB2038214A (en) | 1978-12-21 | 1979-12-13 | Abrasive tool |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB7849607 | 1978-12-21 | ||
GB7943002A GB2038214A (en) | 1978-12-21 | 1979-12-13 | Abrasive tool |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
GB2038214A true GB2038214A (en) | 1980-07-23 |
Family
ID=26270059
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
GB7943002A Withdrawn GB2038214A (en) | 1978-12-21 | 1979-12-13 | Abrasive tool |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
GB (1) | GB2038214A (en) |
Cited By (20)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0166676A2 (en) * | 1984-06-25 | 1986-01-02 | United Technologies Corporation | Abrasive surfaced article for high temperature service |
US4805586A (en) * | 1986-07-30 | 1989-02-21 | Ernst Winter & Sohn (Gmbh & Co.) | Dressing tool for grinding wheels |
EP0478912A2 (en) * | 1990-08-31 | 1992-04-08 | Peter Wolters Ag | Working disc for lapping, honing and polishing machine |
EP0514586A2 (en) * | 1991-05-21 | 1992-11-25 | Sunnen Products Company | Work abrading member, particularly honing member and method for attaching abrasive particles on such a member |
WO1996006206A1 (en) * | 1994-08-24 | 1996-02-29 | National Industrial Technology Institute | Method for the deposition of diamond film on the electroless-plated nickel layer |
GB2312386A (en) * | 1996-04-25 | 1997-10-29 | Jon Henry Dobson | Raking bit |
WO2001036711A1 (en) * | 1999-11-12 | 2001-05-25 | Kerr Corporation | Adherent hard coatings for dental burs and other applications |
EP1300485A1 (en) * | 2001-10-04 | 2003-04-09 | Wacker-Chemie GmbH | Power transmitting surface layer and method for the production thereof |
WO2003029604A1 (en) * | 2001-10-03 | 2003-04-10 | Lyng Diamond Tools | Prevention of bit balling by metallic coasting |
EP1462218A1 (en) * | 2003-03-27 | 2004-09-29 | United Technologies Corporation | Point superabrasive machining of nickel alloys |
EP1590099A1 (en) * | 2003-02-07 | 2005-11-02 | Diamond Innovations, Inc. | Process equipment wear surfaces of extended resistance and methods for their manufacture |
WO2006040223A1 (en) * | 2004-10-07 | 2006-04-20 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Layer system |
CN102059423A (en) * | 2010-11-30 | 2011-05-18 | 中原工学院 | Method for manufacturing diamond tool with self-lubrication function |
DE102010009901A1 (en) * | 2010-03-02 | 2011-09-08 | Aktiebolaget Skf | Roller bearing cage, has bolt provided with lengthwise-extending portion arranged in hole formed in bars, where part of external periphery of portion is provided with friction-increasing coating e.g. molybdenum coating or nickel coating |
EP2578180A1 (en) * | 2011-10-05 | 2013-04-10 | Gebr. Brasseler GmbH & Co. KG | Dental tool and method for its manufacture |
US8927101B2 (en) | 2008-09-16 | 2015-01-06 | Diamond Innovations, Inc | Abrasive particles having a unique morphology |
US9095914B2 (en) | 2008-09-16 | 2015-08-04 | Diamond Innnovations Inc | Precision wire saw including surface modified diamond |
CN105695993A (en) * | 2016-02-04 | 2016-06-22 | 安捷利(番禺)电子实业有限公司 | Method for preparing embedded resistance copper foil |
CN114144539A (en) * | 2019-04-18 | 2022-03-04 | 生态涂层股份有限公司 | Coated grinding tool, method for manufacturing the tool and grinding dental product |
CN115106936A (en) * | 2022-06-24 | 2022-09-27 | 中国地质大学(武汉) | Diamond dressing disc and preparation method thereof |
-
1979
- 1979-12-13 GB GB7943002A patent/GB2038214A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (35)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0166676A3 (en) * | 1984-06-25 | 1987-08-05 | United Technologies Corporation | Abrasive surfaced article for high temperature service |
EP0166676A2 (en) * | 1984-06-25 | 1986-01-02 | United Technologies Corporation | Abrasive surfaced article for high temperature service |
US4805586A (en) * | 1986-07-30 | 1989-02-21 | Ernst Winter & Sohn (Gmbh & Co.) | Dressing tool for grinding wheels |
EP0478912A2 (en) * | 1990-08-31 | 1992-04-08 | Peter Wolters Ag | Working disc for lapping, honing and polishing machine |
EP0478912A3 (en) * | 1990-08-31 | 1992-06-03 | Peter Wolters Ag | Working disc for lapping, honing and polishing machine |
EP0514586A2 (en) * | 1991-05-21 | 1992-11-25 | Sunnen Products Company | Work abrading member, particularly honing member and method for attaching abrasive particles on such a member |
EP0514586A3 (en) * | 1991-05-21 | 1993-03-24 | Sunnen Products Company | Work abrading member, particularly honing member and method for attaching abrasive particles on such a member |
US5824367A (en) * | 1994-08-24 | 1998-10-20 | National Institute Of Technology And Quality | Method for the deposition of diamond film on an electroless-plated nickel layer |
WO1996006206A1 (en) * | 1994-08-24 | 1996-02-29 | National Industrial Technology Institute | Method for the deposition of diamond film on the electroless-plated nickel layer |
GB2312386A (en) * | 1996-04-25 | 1997-10-29 | Jon Henry Dobson | Raking bit |
GB2312386B (en) * | 1996-04-25 | 1999-09-29 | Jon Henry Dobson | Raking bit |
WO2001036711A1 (en) * | 1999-11-12 | 2001-05-25 | Kerr Corporation | Adherent hard coatings for dental burs and other applications |
WO2003029604A1 (en) * | 2001-10-03 | 2003-04-10 | Lyng Diamond Tools | Prevention of bit balling by metallic coasting |
EP1300485A1 (en) * | 2001-10-04 | 2003-04-09 | Wacker-Chemie GmbH | Power transmitting surface layer and method for the production thereof |
US8105692B2 (en) | 2003-02-07 | 2012-01-31 | Diamond Innovations Inc. | Process equipment wear surfaces of extended resistance and methods for their manufacture |
EP1590099A1 (en) * | 2003-02-07 | 2005-11-02 | Diamond Innovations, Inc. | Process equipment wear surfaces of extended resistance and methods for their manufacture |
EP1590099A4 (en) * | 2003-02-07 | 2009-08-05 | Diamond Innovations Inc | Process equipment wear surfaces of extended resistance and methods for their manufacture |
KR100558798B1 (en) * | 2003-03-27 | 2006-03-14 | 유나이티드 테크놀로지스 코포레이션 | Point superabrasive machining of nickel alloys |
EP1462218A1 (en) * | 2003-03-27 | 2004-09-29 | United Technologies Corporation | Point superabrasive machining of nickel alloys |
US7144307B2 (en) | 2003-03-27 | 2006-12-05 | United Technologies Corporation | Point superabrasive machining of nickel alloys |
WO2006040223A1 (en) * | 2004-10-07 | 2006-04-20 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Layer system |
US9095914B2 (en) | 2008-09-16 | 2015-08-04 | Diamond Innnovations Inc | Precision wire saw including surface modified diamond |
US9382463B2 (en) | 2008-09-16 | 2016-07-05 | Diamond Innovations Inc | Abrasive particles having a unique morphology |
US9982176B2 (en) | 2008-09-16 | 2018-05-29 | Diamond Innovations Inc. | Abrasive particles having a unique morphology |
US8927101B2 (en) | 2008-09-16 | 2015-01-06 | Diamond Innovations, Inc | Abrasive particles having a unique morphology |
DE102010009901A1 (en) * | 2010-03-02 | 2011-09-08 | Aktiebolaget Skf | Roller bearing cage, has bolt provided with lengthwise-extending portion arranged in hole formed in bars, where part of external periphery of portion is provided with friction-increasing coating e.g. molybdenum coating or nickel coating |
DE102010009901B4 (en) * | 2010-03-02 | 2017-11-02 | Aktiebolaget Skf | Rolling bearing cage |
CN102059423A (en) * | 2010-11-30 | 2011-05-18 | 中原工学院 | Method for manufacturing diamond tool with self-lubrication function |
CN102059423B (en) * | 2010-11-30 | 2012-11-21 | 中原工学院 | Method for manufacturing diamond tool with self-lubrication function |
EP2578180A1 (en) * | 2011-10-05 | 2013-04-10 | Gebr. Brasseler GmbH & Co. KG | Dental tool and method for its manufacture |
CN105695993A (en) * | 2016-02-04 | 2016-06-22 | 安捷利(番禺)电子实业有限公司 | Method for preparing embedded resistance copper foil |
CN105695993B (en) * | 2016-02-04 | 2018-07-06 | 安捷利(番禺)电子实业有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of embedded resistor copper foil |
CN114144539A (en) * | 2019-04-18 | 2022-03-04 | 生态涂层股份有限公司 | Coated grinding tool, method for manufacturing the tool and grinding dental product |
CN115106936A (en) * | 2022-06-24 | 2022-09-27 | 中国地质大学(武汉) | Diamond dressing disc and preparation method thereof |
CN115106936B (en) * | 2022-06-24 | 2023-03-28 | 中国地质大学(武汉) | Diamond dressing disc and preparation method thereof |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
WAP | Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1) |