GB2038205A - Fibre reinforced articles - Google Patents
Fibre reinforced articles Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2038205A GB2038205A GB7848717A GB7848717A GB2038205A GB 2038205 A GB2038205 A GB 2038205A GB 7848717 A GB7848717 A GB 7848717A GB 7848717 A GB7848717 A GB 7848717A GB 2038205 A GB2038205 A GB 2038205A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- plastisol
- plasticiser
- coated
- web
- fibrous
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/04—Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material
- C08J5/06—Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material using pretreated fibrous materials
- C08J5/08—Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material using pretreated fibrous materials glass fibres
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C44/00—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles
- B29C44/02—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles for articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
- B29C44/12—Incorporating or moulding on preformed parts, e.g. inserts or reinforcements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/04—Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material
- C08J5/0405—Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material with inorganic fibres
- C08J5/043—Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material with inorganic fibres with glass fibres
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N7/00—Flexible sheet materials not otherwise provided for, e.g. textile threads, filaments, yarns or tow, glued on macromolecular material
- D06N7/0005—Floor covering on textile basis comprising a fibrous substrate being coated with at least one layer of a polymer on the top surface
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2327/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2327/02—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08J2327/04—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing chlorine atoms
- C08J2327/06—Homopolymers or copolymers of vinyl chloride
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Reinforced Plastic Materials (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
In a process where a fibrous web is coated with a plastisol, the web is first coated with a plasticiser which improves the adhesion between the web and the cured plastisol and where the plastisol is foamed a more uniform foam structure is obtained. Such a process is suitable for preparing floor covering materials.
Description
SPECIFICATION
Fibre reinforced articles
The present invention relates to the production of polymeric webs reinforced by a fibrous layer. In par ticularwith materials produced by coating a fibrous layer, such as a glass fibre matt or a fabric with a polymer plastisol, especially a polyvinyl chloride plastisol and curing the plastisol. The invention is particularly concerned with such a process in which the plastisol contains a blowing agent which is activated by the heat of the curing process to produce a fibre reinforced foamed product.
It is known to produce materials, such as floor coverings by coating a fibrous web such as a glass fibre matt with a polyvinyl chloride plastisol containing a blowing agent and passing the coated matt through an oven in which the coating is cured and the blowing agent is activated to yield a fibre reinforced foamed product. Since the plastisols are free flowing liquids they will often impregnate the fibrous web during coating so that the fibrous web is to some extent embedded in the polymer layer.
One problem with this process, especially in the production of foamed materials is that voids tend to be formed at the points of contact between the foam and the fibrous material leading to weaknesses in the product, unsightly bubbles on the surface of the material and at times separation of the fibrous and foamed materials.
We have found this problem may be significantly reduced if the fibrous material is coated with a plasticiser before application of the plastisol to the fibrous material.
The present invention therefore provides a process in which a fibrous reinforcing material is coated with a plasticiser, subsequently coated with a plastisol and heated to the curing temperature of the plastisol for sufficient time to yield a fibre reinforced product.
The nature of the fibrous reinforcing material used in the process of this invention will depend on the use to which the product is to be put. The invention is particularly useful in the production of floor coverings from glass fibre and polyvinyl chloride plastisols. Even in this embodiment of the invention the choice of glass fibre matt, i.e. denier of the fibres and weight per unit area of the matt will depend upon the use of the product. For domestic floor coverings a glass fibre matt of around 30 grams per square metre is particularly useful.
Any conventional plasticiser may be used to coat the fibrous material. Although not essential it is preferred that it be the same as a plasticiser used in the
ptastisol formulation since we find that in this situation the plasiciser content of the plastisol may be
reduced by the amount of plasticiser coated onto the fibrous web without loss of product properties. In addition the presence of the plasticiser in the fibre
allows use of a more viscous plastisol with possible
use of high proportions of cheaper materials. Plasticisers that may be used include the well known
liquid esters plasticisers such as the pathalate esters,
generally C4-Cr3 esters, sebacates, adipates, azelates and the chlorinated paraffins.The amount of plasticiserthat should be used depends upon the nature of the fibrous web, the nature of the plastisol and on the product to be produced. We have found that in the production of glass fibre reinforced domestic floor coverings from 10 to 60 grams per square metre of the plasticisershould be used, preferably from 15 to 30 grams per square metre. We have found that if less than 10 grams per square metre are used there is little improvement in product properties whereas if more than 60 grams per square metre is used there is an adverse effect on the properties of the plastisol.
The plasticiser may be applied to the fibrous web in any suitable manner. It is not necessary that it be applied immediately before application of the plastisol but may be applied as part of the fibrous web foaming process orto the web as it is being fed for coating with the plastisol. Whilst either of these two processes are preferred the plasticiser may be applied at any intermediate time. Suitable techniques for application of the plasticiser include spraying, dipping, painting, doctor knive application and roller coating. Whilst the plasticiser may be used on its own it may contain other typical plastisol ingredients.
The techniques of the present invention are appl icabletothe production of any fibre reinforced plastisols. A plastisol is a free flowing liquid comprising particles of a thermoplastic polymer, generally polyvinyl chloride suspended in a plasticiser and the plasticiser composition may contain other materials such as stabilisers, fillers and antioxidants. Any of the well known plasticiser compositions may be used in the process of our invention. The choice of plastisol will depend upon the use to which the product is to be put, in the production of floor covering materials we preferto use a polyvinyl chloride plastisol and we prefer that the plasticiser be the same as that coated onto the fibrous web. Our preferred plasticiserfor polyvinyl chloride are the phthalate, adipate, azelate and sebacate esters, preferably the C4-C,3 esters.
We have found that our invention also has advantages in the production of fibre reinforced unfoamed 'layers in that the bond between the fibre web and the polymer is stronger in less frequent delamination. Our invention is particularly useful however in the production of foamed plastic layers reinforced with a fibrous web. In this situation the plastisol will contain a blowing agent which is activated to yield a gas which foams the plastisol as it is being heated to its curing temperature. Any of the well known blowing agents may be used, the nitrogen liberating agents may be used, the nitrogen liberating agents such as the azodicarbonamides being preferred.
We have also surprisingly found that the surface texture and appearance of the products is improved when the fibrous layer is first coated with the plasticiser. The fibrous appearance of the surface is considerably reduced and the surface is more uniform.
The reason for this is uncertain but we believe it may be due to improved wettability of the fibrous web by the plastisol.
In our preferred process for the production of foamed floor coverings a glass fibre web which is continuously fed to an oven is first coated with the required amount of plasticiser, the coated web is then coated with the plastisol and passed into the oven where the plastisol is cured and foamed. Whilst we have described the process in relation to the production of foamed floor coverings it is equally applicable to the production of other fibre reinforced compositions both foamed and unfoamed. For example the technique may be used in the production of tarpaulins which can consist of unfoamed polyvinyl chloride reinforced with hessian or polyester.
The present invention is illustrated by the following Example.
A glass fibre web of weight 32 grams per square metre was impregnated with varying amounts of the plastisciser dinonyl phthalate sold underthe Trade
Name "Jayflex". This coated web was then further coated with about 0.5 gram of a plastisol comprising
100 parts by weight emulsion polymerised polyvinyl chloride
55 parts by weight of a diisononyl phthalate
1.3 parts by weight of a blowing agent
33 parts by weight ofstabilisers and fillers
This coated web was then passed into an oven heated between 175-2400C where it remained fof from 1 to 3 minutes to cure and foam the plastisol.
The product obtained was inspected visually for voids in the foam layer and for surface imperfections with the following results.
Weight of Plasticiser Foam Surface on Glass Fiber Matt Structure Appearance grams/sq metre 0 Large Voids Many Bubbles 10 Fewer Large Voids Many Bubbles 15 No Large voids Bubbles Much Smallers 20 25 Few Small voids Few Small Bubbles 25 J
Claims (3)
1. A process in which a fibrous reinforcing material is coated with a plasticiser, subsequently coated with a plastisol and heated to the curing temperature of the plastisol for sufficient time to yield a fibre reinforced product.
2. A process according to claim 1 in which the fibrous reinforcing material is a glass fibre web and the plastisol is a polyvinyl chloride plastisol.
3. A process according to claim 1 or claim 2 in which the plastisol contains a blowing agent.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB7848717A GB2038205A (en) | 1978-12-15 | 1978-12-15 | Fibre reinforced articles |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB7848717A GB2038205A (en) | 1978-12-15 | 1978-12-15 | Fibre reinforced articles |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB2038205A true GB2038205A (en) | 1980-07-23 |
Family
ID=10501759
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB7848717A Withdrawn GB2038205A (en) | 1978-12-15 | 1978-12-15 | Fibre reinforced articles |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (1) | GB2038205A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0156488A2 (en) * | 1984-03-06 | 1985-10-02 | Imperial Chemical Industries Plc | Process for making reinforced fibre products |
| EP1854835A1 (en) * | 2001-11-02 | 2007-11-14 | Veka, Inc. | A method of making extruded shapes |
| WO2008154153A2 (en) * | 2007-06-07 | 2008-12-18 | Martin Joel E Jr | Polyvinyl chloride (pvc) compositions and reinforced flexible pvc flooring with improved performance formed of the same |
-
1978
- 1978-12-15 GB GB7848717A patent/GB2038205A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0156488A2 (en) * | 1984-03-06 | 1985-10-02 | Imperial Chemical Industries Plc | Process for making reinforced fibre products |
| EP0156488A3 (en) * | 1984-03-06 | 1986-03-05 | Imperial Chemical Industries Plc | Process for making reinforced fibre products |
| US4783349A (en) * | 1984-03-06 | 1988-11-08 | Imperial Chemical Industries Plc | Process for making fibre reinforced products |
| AU584880B2 (en) * | 1984-03-06 | 1989-06-08 | Imperial Chemical Industries Plc | Process for making reinforced fibre products |
| EP1854835A1 (en) * | 2001-11-02 | 2007-11-14 | Veka, Inc. | A method of making extruded shapes |
| WO2008154153A2 (en) * | 2007-06-07 | 2008-12-18 | Martin Joel E Jr | Polyvinyl chloride (pvc) compositions and reinforced flexible pvc flooring with improved performance formed of the same |
| WO2008154153A3 (en) * | 2007-06-07 | 2009-04-16 | Joel E Martin Jr | Polyvinyl chloride (pvc) compositions and reinforced flexible pvc flooring with improved performance formed of the same |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| WAP | Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1) |