GB2035288A - A method of coating articles with an abrasion-resistant porcelain-enamel and articles produced by the method - Google Patents
A method of coating articles with an abrasion-resistant porcelain-enamel and articles produced by the method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2035288A GB2035288A GB7846708A GB7846708A GB2035288A GB 2035288 A GB2035288 A GB 2035288A GB 7846708 A GB7846708 A GB 7846708A GB 7846708 A GB7846708 A GB 7846708A GB 2035288 A GB2035288 A GB 2035288A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- oxide
- resistant
- porcelain
- coating
- enamel
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 239000000037 vitreous enamel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 title claims description 11
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910000272 alkali metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- GNTDGMZSJNCJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N divanadium pentaoxide Chemical compound O=[V](=O)O[V](=O)=O GNTDGMZSJNCJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- DLYUQMMRRRQYAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraphosphorus decaoxide Chemical compound O1P(O2)(=O)OP3(=O)OP1(=O)OP2(=O)O3 DLYUQMMRRRQYAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 210000003298 dental enamel Anatomy 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052571 earthenware Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- FUJCRWPEOMXPAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Li2O Inorganic materials [Li+].[Li+].[O-2] FUJCRWPEOMXPAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Na2O Inorganic materials [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052572 stoneware Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- XUCJHNOBJLKZNU-UHFFFAOYSA-M dilithium;hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[OH-] XUCJHNOBJLKZNU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001947 lithium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001948 sodium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960005363 aluminium oxide Drugs 0.000 claims 2
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 abstract 3
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241001062472 Stokellia anisodon Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- CHWRSCGUEQEHOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[K+].[K+] CHWRSCGUEQEHOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000467686 Eschscholzia lobbii Species 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012876 carrier material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001651 emery Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000008241 heterogeneous mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001950 potassium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23D—ENAMELLING OF, OR APPLYING A VITREOUS LAYER TO, METALS
- C23D5/00—Coating with enamels or vitreous layers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47J—KITCHEN EQUIPMENT; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; APPARATUS FOR MAKING BEVERAGES
- A47J36/00—Parts, details or accessories of cooking-vessels
- A47J36/02—Selection of specific materials, e.g. heavy bottoms with copper inlay or with insulating inlay
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C8/00—Enamels; Glazes; Fusion seal compositions being frit compositions having non-frit additions
- C03C8/02—Frit compositions, i.e. in a powdered or comminuted form
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C8/00—Enamels; Glazes; Fusion seal compositions being frit compositions having non-frit additions
- C03C8/02—Frit compositions, i.e. in a powdered or comminuted form
- C03C8/08—Frit compositions, i.e. in a powdered or comminuted form containing phosphorus
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C8/00—Enamels; Glazes; Fusion seal compositions being frit compositions having non-frit additions
- C03C8/02—Frit compositions, i.e. in a powdered or comminuted form
- C03C8/10—Frit compositions, i.e. in a powdered or comminuted form containing lead
- C03C8/12—Frit compositions, i.e. in a powdered or comminuted form containing lead containing titanium or zirconium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C2205/00—Compositions applicable for the manufacture of vitreous enamels or glazes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C2207/00—Compositions specially applicable for the manufacture of vitreous enamels
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Glass Compositions (AREA)
- Cookers (AREA)
- Paints Or Removers (AREA)
Abstract
In order to provide on a metal substrate a coating having a degree of hardness up to 7 and even higher according to MOHS or DIN 51 150, class A-AA with the same energy as the conventional porcelain-enamel- and glaze method the following components in percentages by weight from 10% to 70% Al2O3 Aluminium oxide from 10% to 30% SiO2 Silicon oxide up to 5% V2O5 Vanadium pentoxide up to 5% P2O5 Phosphorus pentoxide up to 12% R2O Alkali metal oxide up to 20% ZrO2 Zirconium oxide up to 20% TiO2 Titanium oxide are sintered together at temperatures between 800 DEG C and 1000 DEG C, cooled- down,the glassy solidified mass is milled to desired fineness, blended with porcelain enamel or glaze frits up to 50% by weight, proper mill additions being added, the substrate is dipped or flowed in the slip or slip is sprayed thereon, this coating is then fired at a temperature, depending on the substrate material, between 550 DEG and 1200 DEG C.
Description
SPCIFICATION
A method of coating articles with an abrasion-resistant porcelain-enamel and articles produced by the method
Method of manufacturing a highly abrasion-resistant, acid-resistant, porcelain-enamelled or glazed coat, on a metal or china and earthenware surface, as well as articles coated with such a coat.
The invention relates to a method of manufacturing a highly abrasion-resistant, acid-resistant, porcelain-enamelled coat on a metal surface, e.g. on stainless steel, sheet-iron, aluminium-base alloys and cast-iron, or a glazed coat on china, earthenware and stoneware, as well as articles coated with it, such as all kinds of table tops and work surfaces, wall panels, floor tiles, window sills, stove tops, kitchen sinks, rinsing tubs, shower basins, bathtubs, hot plates, articles for cooking, frying and baking, as well as tools, including files, and grinding wheels.
It is known practice to enamel the surface of articles made of metal and also to glaze the surface of articles made of china or earthenware. In both cases a pleasant, distinguished, smooth surface is reached. A disadvantage of this known method is that all surfaces coated in this way are not sufficiently abrasion-resistant. The fact is that this conventional enamel or glaze coat has a degree of hardness not exceeding 6, according to MOHS, and can easily be damaged or scratched by small quartz grains in the size of sand grains, or by unglazed china or ceramic articles, which have a degree of hardness of 7 according to the MOHS scale and the coated articles become worn out completely in the course of time.
It is an aim of the present invention to provide a metal, china or earthenware surface as a carrier, with a highly abrasion-resistant, acid-resistant, enamel or glaze coat, with a degree of hardness up to 7 and higher according to MOHS, as well as according to DIN 51 150, class A-AA, whereby the expenditure of energy does not exceed that of the conventional porcelain-enamel and glaze method.
According to the present invention there is provided a method of manufacturing a highly abrasionresistant, acid-resistant, porcelain-enamelled coating on a metal surface, e.g. on stainless steel, sheet-iron, aluminium-base alloys and cast-iron, or a glazed coating on china-ware, earthenware and stoneware, wherein percentages by weight from 10%to70% A1203 Aluminimoxide
from 10%to30% SiOz Siliconoxide
upto 5% V205 Vanadiumpentoxide
up to 5% P205 Phosphor pentoxide up to 12% R20 Alkali oxide up to 20% ZrO2 Zirconium oxide up to 20% TiO2 Titanium oxide are sintered together at a temperature between 800"C and 1000"C.
The cooled down, glassy solidified, sintered mass then has to be milled to the desired fineness, blended with usual porcelain-enamel or glaze frits up to 50% by weight; the proper mill additions added; the to be coated surfaces of the carrier can then be applied in the well known way of either dipping or flowing in this slip or by spray application with this slip; then firing of this coat on the carrier surface at a temperature, depending on the carrier material, between 550 and 1200"C. Practically the alkali oxide contents (R2O) of the sintered mass may have the following date in percentages by weight: upto12% Na2O Sodium oxide up to 10% K2O Potassium oxide
upto 5% Li2O Lithium oxide
The admixture of a sinter-smelt composed in this way to a porcelain enamel frit for metal or a glaze frit for china and earthenware enables the production of acid-resistant enamel-or glaze surfaces according to DIN 51 150, i.e. testing of the resistance against cold citric acid, class A-AA, which means that the surface is not, or hardly visibly attached by citric acid, with extremely high abrasion-resistance, as the main part of the aluminium oxide is a crystal of the a-phase present in this sinter-smelt.
For articles for which an acid-resistant coating is not necessary, thus a highly abrasion-resistant coating is sufficient, only aluminium oxide of the a-phase is added to the usual enamels or glazes. To reach a highly abrasion-resistant anti-slip coating, e.g. for bathtubs and shower basins or floor coverings, suitable coarse-milled sinter material is added to the enamel or the glaze.
To manufacture tools, such as files, grinding- or emery wheels, an adequate carrier, provided for this purpose, is profitably coated in the same way with an enamel or glaze coating with coarse-milled sinter material. This coarse coating is also suitable for the inside of frying pans and casseroles, as well as stewing pans, as with this coat, as tests have shown, as soon as they are filled with fat and thus the micro top structure is filled with fat, the boiling, frying or baking ware does not stick to the pan, even at extremely high temperatures.
Special attention is drawn to the fact that the multi-crystalline structure itself of such enamels and glazes is insensitive to thermal shocks.
An embodiment of the invention will now be described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
Figure 1 is a cross section of a coated carrier before fixing;
Figure 2 is a similar view to Figure 1 after the carrier has been subjected to a firing process.
Referring now to the drawings in detail a sinter smelt 1 is milled, wet or dry, with the usual enamel or glaze frits 2 preferably in the ratio of 1:1 parts by weight, with the usual mill additions 3 to the fineness necessary for the use to which the article to be coated is put.
In this way the mass is smashed, depending on the particle-size distribution and is maintained as a heterogeneous mixture of enamel or glaze frits on the one hand and the sinter-smelt on the other hand.
Coating of the surface 4 of a carrier 5 to be enamelled or glazed can take place in the usual way by dipping, flowing or spraying. Figure 1 shows a cross-section of the structure of such a mixture 6 in the unfired condition. During the firing, which takes place, depending on the material of the carrier, e.g. aluminium-base alloys, cast-iron, sheet-iron, stainless steel, earthenware and stoneware, between 550"C and 1 200 C, the enamel frit or glaze frit particles including the usual mill additions fuse together with the particles of the sinter smelt to a multi-crystalline enamelling 7 or glazing.
The a-phase of the aluminium oxide 8 is maintained and, as found, this is pushed to the surface and distributed homogeneously. The protruding articles of the mix will now protect the porcelain-enamelled or glazed surface substantially against mechanical and, if necessary, also chemical influences.
Claims (8)
1. A method of manufacturing a highly abrasion-resistant, acid-resistant, porcelain-enamelled coating on a metal surface, e.g., on stainless steel, sheet-iron, aluminium-base alloys and cast iron, or a glazed coating on chinaware, earthenware and stoneware, wherein percentages by weight
from 10%to70% Al203 Aluminiumoxide
from 10%to30% SiO2 Siliconoxide
upto 5% V205 Vanadiumpentoxide upto 5% P205 Phosphorpentoxide upto12% R2O Alkali oxide
up to 20% ZrO2 Zirconium oxide
up to 20% TiO2 Titanium oxide are sintered together at a temperature between 800"C and 1 000"C, after sintering the cooled-down, glassy solidified mass is milled to the desired fineness, blended with porcelain enamel or glaze frits up to 50% by weight; the proper mill additions are then added, the carrier surfaces are dipped or flowed in the slip or the slip is sprayed on the carrier, this coating is then fired on the carrier surface at a temperature, depending on the material of the carrier, between 550 and 1200"C.
2. A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the alkali oxide contents (R2O) of the sintered mass may have the following data in percentages by weight: up to 12% Na2O Sodium oxide up to 10% K2O Kaliumoxide
upto 5% Li2O Lithium oxide.
3. A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein before or after milling only aluminium oxide of the a-phase is added to the enamels or glazes.
4. A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein coarse-milled sinter material is added to the enamels or glazes.
5. A tool, especially a grinding tool, wherein the working surface of an article formed as a file or a grinding wheel is coated by the method claimed in any of claims 1 to 4.
6. An article of cooking,frying or baking ware, the inside surface of which has been coated by the method claims in any of claims 1 to 4.
7. A method of manufacturing a highly abrasion-resistant, acid-resistant, porcelain-enamelled coating on an article, substantially as herein described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
8. An article having a highly abrasion-resistant, acid-resistant, porcelain-enamelled coating according to the method of claim 1, substantially as herein described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE2743840A DE2743840B2 (en) | 1977-09-29 | 1977-09-29 | Process for the production of a highly abrasion-resistant, acid-resistant, enamel or Glaze coating with embedded Al2 O3 particles and application of the process |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB2035288A true GB2035288A (en) | 1980-06-18 |
| GB2035288B GB2035288B (en) | 1983-05-18 |
Family
ID=6020219
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB7846708A Expired GB2035288B (en) | 1977-09-29 | 1978-11-30 | Method of coating articles with an abrasion-resistant porcelain-enamel and articles produced by the metho |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| BE (1) | BE870788A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2743840B2 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES474249A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2443441B1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2035288B (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1162114B (en) |
| NL (1) | NL7809354A (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2118977A (en) * | 1982-02-16 | 1983-11-09 | Standard Telephones Cables Ltd | Corrosion inhibiting coatings for non-ferrous metal surfaces |
| WO2005005690A1 (en) * | 2003-06-27 | 2005-01-20 | Mtu Aero Engines Gmbh | Method for producing a protective layer, protective layer, use thereof, and part provided with a protective layer |
| NL1027571C2 (en) * | 2004-11-23 | 2006-05-24 | Ferro Techniek Holding Bv | Email composition for use as a dielectric, and use of such an email composition. |
| EP2116774A4 (en) * | 2007-01-30 | 2016-03-23 | Sumitomo Osaka Cement Co Ltd | Cooking tool and method for manufacture thereof |
| CN115745403A (en) * | 2022-11-25 | 2023-03-07 | 淄博中升机械有限公司 | Nano microcrystalline enamel glaze and preparation method thereof |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3238762C1 (en) * | 1982-10-20 | 1984-01-19 | Buderus Ag, 6330 Wetzlar | Heating boiler, in particular low-temperature heating boiler, with a coating which is resistant in relation to flue-gas condensate |
| FR2540751A1 (en) * | 1983-02-11 | 1984-08-17 | Creuset | UNDER-LAYER PROMOTING THE MAINTENANCE IN PLACE OF A COATING CONTAINING POLYTETRAFLUORETHYLENE ON A METAL PIECE AND METHOD OF OBTAINING SUCH A PIECE |
| FR2544338B1 (en) * | 1983-04-15 | 1991-12-27 | Seb Sa | PROCESS FOR ENAMELING THE BOTTOM OF A CULINARY CONTAINER IN ALUMINUM OR AN ALUMINUM ALLOY AND CULINARY CONTAINER THEREOF |
| FR2557094B1 (en) * | 1983-12-22 | 1986-08-22 | Saumonde Marie Francoise | ENAMELS ON PORCELAIN |
| FR2576038B1 (en) * | 1985-01-11 | 1987-03-20 | Seb Sa | EMAIL COATING APPLIED ON A METAL SUPPORT, AND CULINARY UTENSIL INCLUDING THIS COATING |
| CN113213761A (en) * | 2020-02-06 | 2021-08-06 | 程家麒 | High-hardness full-polishing glaze |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2311228A (en) * | 1943-02-16 | Bauxite ceramic and method of | ||
| DE2227760B2 (en) * | 1972-06-07 | 1975-10-23 | Agrob Ag, 8000 Muenchen | Glazed ceramic floor tile for barefoot areas |
| DE2314587A1 (en) * | 1973-03-23 | 1974-09-26 | Buchtal Gmbh | Slip-proof floor coating - comprising aluminium oxide, silicon dioxide and other basic oxides |
| DE2317738A1 (en) * | 1973-04-09 | 1974-10-31 | Oberschwaeb Metallwaren | PROCEDURE TO PREVENT FOOD STICKING ON THE INSIDE SURFACES OF METAL POTS AND METAL POTS FOR FRYING, BAKING, COOKING |
-
1977
- 1977-09-29 DE DE2743840A patent/DE2743840B2/en not_active Ceased
-
1978
- 1978-09-14 NL NL7809354A patent/NL7809354A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1978-09-27 BE BE190728A patent/BE870788A/en unknown
- 1978-09-29 ES ES474249A patent/ES474249A1/en not_active Expired
- 1978-09-29 IT IT46896/78A patent/IT1162114B/en active
- 1978-11-30 GB GB7846708A patent/GB2035288B/en not_active Expired
- 1978-12-04 FR FR7834130A patent/FR2443441B1/en not_active Expired
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2118977A (en) * | 1982-02-16 | 1983-11-09 | Standard Telephones Cables Ltd | Corrosion inhibiting coatings for non-ferrous metal surfaces |
| WO2005005690A1 (en) * | 2003-06-27 | 2005-01-20 | Mtu Aero Engines Gmbh | Method for producing a protective layer, protective layer, use thereof, and part provided with a protective layer |
| US7736732B2 (en) | 2003-06-27 | 2010-06-15 | Mtu Aero Engines Gmbh | Protective coating for components of a gas turbine engine |
| NL1027571C2 (en) * | 2004-11-23 | 2006-05-24 | Ferro Techniek Holding Bv | Email composition for use as a dielectric, and use of such an email composition. |
| WO2006083160A1 (en) * | 2004-11-23 | 2006-08-10 | Ferro Techniek Holding B.V. | Enamel composition for application as dielectric, and use of such an enamel composition |
| EP2116774A4 (en) * | 2007-01-30 | 2016-03-23 | Sumitomo Osaka Cement Co Ltd | Cooking tool and method for manufacture thereof |
| CN115745403A (en) * | 2022-11-25 | 2023-03-07 | 淄博中升机械有限公司 | Nano microcrystalline enamel glaze and preparation method thereof |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ES474249A1 (en) | 1979-04-16 |
| IT7846896A0 (en) | 1978-09-29 |
| BE870788A (en) | 1979-01-15 |
| FR2443441A1 (en) | 1980-07-04 |
| GB2035288B (en) | 1983-05-18 |
| DE2743840A1 (en) | 1979-04-05 |
| FR2443441B1 (en) | 1985-08-23 |
| DE2743840B2 (en) | 1980-10-02 |
| NL7809354A (en) | 1979-04-02 |
| IT1162114B (en) | 1987-03-18 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US6004894A (en) | Reflective porcelain enamel coating compositions | |
| EP1119524B1 (en) | Decorated glass-ceramic plate and corresponding method of decoration | |
| GB2035288A (en) | A method of coating articles with an abrasion-resistant porcelain-enamel and articles produced by the method | |
| JPH1143352A (en) | Glazing of glass or glass ceramic and glass composition for ornament containing no lead and cadmium | |
| JPH0397633A (en) | Glass composition and usage thereof | |
| MXPA99007005A (en) | Lead-free and cadmium-free glass composition for glazing, enameling and decoration of glasses or glass-ceramics, and method for the production of glass-ceramics coated therewith. | |
| PT2000443E (en) | Metallic glaze composition | |
| EP0313904A1 (en) | Lead-free glasses for glaze materials | |
| CN100582040C (en) | Porcelain enamel glaze for acid-resistant cast iron sanitary ware | |
| KR101053089B1 (en) | Glaze for providing high glossy water color and a method for preparing tile having water color using the same | |
| WO1999005070A1 (en) | Lead-free glaze for ceramic articles | |
| US3671278A (en) | Iron-containing titania-opacified porcelain enamels | |
| US2842458A (en) | Low temperature vitreous coatings for steel | |
| US3804666A (en) | Glazed ceramic ware | |
| US3871890A (en) | Composition and process for glazing ceramic ware | |
| US2972543A (en) | Ceramic glaze composition | |
| US3216847A (en) | Frit compositions for vitreous enamels | |
| US3565644A (en) | Composition for glazing ceramic ware | |
| US2776899A (en) | Ceramic product and body and method of making the same | |
| EP0077219A1 (en) | Low melting, opaque enamel frit | |
| GB1281322A (en) | Glass-ceramic articles | |
| US3574666A (en) | Ceramic coated metal articles and process therefor | |
| RU1799853C (en) | Brown enamel | |
| JPH02217482A (en) | Vitreous film-coated formed part | |
| GB1389833A (en) | Glaze |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 19941130 |