GB2030223A - A four-stroke internal combustion engine adapted to operate with a stratified charge - Google Patents

A four-stroke internal combustion engine adapted to operate with a stratified charge Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2030223A
GB2030223A GB7928716A GB7928716A GB2030223A GB 2030223 A GB2030223 A GB 2030223A GB 7928716 A GB7928716 A GB 7928716A GB 7928716 A GB7928716 A GB 7928716A GB 2030223 A GB2030223 A GB 2030223A
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GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
combustion chamber
internal combustion
combustion engine
fuel
fuel mixture
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
GB7928716A
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GB2030223B (en
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Dr Ing HCF Porsche AG
Original Assignee
Dr Ing HCF Porsche AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Dr Ing HCF Porsche AG filed Critical Dr Ing HCF Porsche AG
Publication of GB2030223A publication Critical patent/GB2030223A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of GB2030223B publication Critical patent/GB2030223B/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B19/00—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers
    • F02B19/10—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers with fuel introduced partly into pre-combustion chamber, and partly into cylinder
    • F02B19/1019—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers with fuel introduced partly into pre-combustion chamber, and partly into cylinder with only one pre-combustion chamber
    • F02B19/108—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers with fuel introduced partly into pre-combustion chamber, and partly into cylinder with only one pre-combustion chamber with fuel injection at least into pre-combustion chamber, i.e. injector mounted directly in the pre-combustion chamber
    • F02B19/1085—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers with fuel introduced partly into pre-combustion chamber, and partly into cylinder with only one pre-combustion chamber with fuel injection at least into pre-combustion chamber, i.e. injector mounted directly in the pre-combustion chamber controlling fuel injection
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B75/00—Other engines
    • F02B75/02—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke
    • F02B2075/022—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke having less than six strokes per cycle
    • F02B2075/027—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke having less than six strokes per cycle four
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion Methods Of Internal-Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

A main combustion chamber (3) is supplied with a lean air-fuel mixture and an auxiliary combustion chamber (4) is supplied with a rich air-fuel mixture, the supply of mixture to the main combustion chamber (3) being interrupted when the engine is at idling speed and the amount of air-fuel mixture supplied to the auxiliary combustion chamber (4) being increased, said auxiliary mixture quantity being greater than is necessary for producing an ignitable air-fuel mixture for idling. <IMAGE>

Description

SPECIFICATION A four-stroke internal combustion engine adapted to operate with a stratified charge The invention relates to a four-stroke combustion engine, adapted to operate with a stratified charge in which the or each cylinder has associated therewith a main conbustion chamber an auxiliary combustion chamber, means being provided for supplying a lean air-fuel mixture to the main combustion chamber and a richer air-fuel mixture to the auxiliary combustion chamber, the latter chamber communicating with the main combustion chamber via a flame passage through which a flame passes to ignite the mixture in the main combustion chamber.
In a four-stroke internal combustion engine adapted to operate with charge stratification as disclosed in German Auslegeschrift No. 1,024,750, fuel regulation in the load range between idling and approximately half load is performed quantitatively by throttling the mixture supply to the main chamber while the quantity ratio of the lean air-fuel mixture is maintained constant or nearly constant, and at the same time the quantity ratio of the rich mixture in the auxiliary combustion chamber is maintained constant or nearly constant by varying the amount of fuel injected into the auxiliary combustion chamber through regulation over the range between approximately half-load and full load and is formed qualitatively by exclusively influencing the composition, of the lean air-fuel mixture and the amount of fuel which is injected into the auxiliary combustion chamber is kept constant at a value which produces a quantity ratio at which ignition is possible with half load as well as with full load in the auxiliary combustion chamber.
The prior art also discloses a four-stroke internal combustion engine (German Offenlegungsschrift 1 926 474) in which the main combustion chamber is supplied through an inlet valve with a fuel-air mixture which varies over the range of 0% and approximately 140% of the stoichiometric ratio, depending on the load on the internal combustion engine. The auxiliary combustion chamber on the other hand is supplied directly through an injection nozzle with a air-fuel mixture which remains substantially uniform over all load ranges of the internal combustion engine.
These known regulating systems ensure sufficiently rapid and complete combustion of the air-fuel mixture in the entire main combustion chamber but is has been found to be particularly detrimental in these regulating systems that in addition to the relatively high fuel consumption the idling exhaust gas emission of the engine adversely affects the environment and does not meet the anticipated legal regulations.
It is the object of the invention to provide an internal combustion engine of the kind described hereinbefore in which fuel consumption is reduced and exhaust gas emission is optimized solely by appropriate regulation oftheair4uel mixture for the main combustion chamber and of the auxiliary combustion chamber during idling operation of the internal combustion engine.
According to the invention the problem is solved in that the supply of lean air-fuel mixture to the main combustion chamber is interrupted when the internal combustion engine is at idling speed and the amount of air-fuel mixture supplied to the auxiliary combustion chamber is greater that is necessary for producing an ignitable air-fuel mixture for idling.
As shown by test bed performance, such regulation of the air-fuel mixture enables the fuel consumption to be reduced by up to 22% compared with that of internal combustion engines having one of the known means for regulating the air-fuel mixture.
The exhaust gas pollution values are also substantially lower. This is achieved by the relatively rich fuel-air mixture in the auxiliary combustion chamber and by the air in the main combustion chamber. A relatively large quantity of fuel is evaporated and deposited on the internal wall of the induction passage because of a large depression is produced in the induction system of an internal combustion engine with induction pipe injection and with one of the known means for regulating the air-fuel mixture in thrust operation of the engine when the throttle valve is closed. When the throttle valve is opened this fuel additionally enters the main combustion chamber so that part of the unburnt fuel enters the exhaust gas system of the engine where it is exploded. This disadvantage is also avoided by the internal combustion engine according to the invention.
In a particularly convenient embodiment of the invention it has been shown that the amount of fuel supplied to the auxiliary combustion chamber is greater by a factor of two to three than is necessary for producing an ignitable air-fuel mixture for idling.
In an internal combustion engine with stratified charging in which the fuel of the lean air-fuel mixture is injected through an injection nozzle into the induction passageway of the internal combustion engine, one exemplified embodiment of the invention is arranged so that the an injection pump which supplies fuel to the injection nozzle of the auxiliary combustion chamber is controlled by an electromagnet, and the injection nozzle in the induction passageway is also electromagnetically controlled, the injection pump and the electromagnetic injection nozzle being arranged in a common circuit which is regulated by a throttle switch which co-operates with the throttle valve of the internal combustion engine.
One exemplified embodiment of the invention is diagrammatically illustrated in the accompanying drawing in which an internal combustion engine 1 has a cylinder head 2 and comproses a main combustion chamber 3 and an auxiliary combustion chamber 4. The main combustion chamber is supplied with a lean air-fuel mixture by an injection nozzle 5 and an inlet valve 6, whilst the auxiliary combustion chamber 4, which communicates via a flame passage 7 with the main combustion chamber 3, is supplied by an injection nozzle 8 with fuel to provide a rich air-fuel mixture. The injection nozzle 5 is controlled by an electromagnet 9 and supplied with fuel from a known type of injection pump of any desired kind, (not shown).
The injection nozzle 8 is supplied with fuel from an injection pump 10, the delivery rate of which can be influenced via a regulator linkage 11 by an electromagnet 12. The electromagnets 9 and 12 are arranged in the circuit of a battery 13 and are actuated by a throttle valve switch 14 which co-operates with a throttle valve 16 disposed in the induction passageway 15 of the internal combustion engine 1.
The arrangement, operates as follows:- If the internal combustion engine 1 is operated at idling speed, the throttle valve 16 substantially closes the induction passageway 15 and the throttle valve switch 14 closes the circuit of the electromagnets 9 and 12. The magnets 9 and 12 are energized and the electromagnet 9 closes the injection valve 5 so that no further fuel is supplied to the main combustion chamber 3 whilst the electromagnet 12 moves the regulator linkage 11 in the arrow direction A so that the amount of fuel delivered to the auxiliary combustion chamber 4 is increased, for example by a factor of 2 to 3. When the internal combustion engine 1 is to be again operated under load, the circuit of the electromagnets 9 and 10 is interrupted by the movement of the throttle valve 16 opening the throttle switch 14 which de-energises the electromagnets so that fuel regulation for the injection nozzles 5 and 8 is formed in any desired known manner depending on the load.

Claims (4)

1. Afour-stroke internal combustion engine, adapted to operate with a stratified charge, the greater portion of which is in the form of a lean air-fuel mixture which is admitted by at least one inlet valve to a main combustion chamber and the fuel of the remaining portion of the charge, in the form of a rich air-fuel mixture, is supplied by an injection nozzle to an auxiliary combustion chamber which communicates directly with the main combustion chamber through a flame passage, wherein the supply of lean air-fuel mixture to the main combustion chamber is interrupted when the internal combustion engine is at idling speed, and the amount of air-fuel mixture supplied to the auxiliary combustion chamber is greaterthan is necessary for producing an ignitable air-fuel mixture for idling.
2. An internal combustion engine according to claim 1, wherein the amount of fuel supplied to the auxiliary combustion chamber is greater by a factor of two to three than is necessary for producing an ignitable air-fuel mixture for idling.
3. An internal combustion engine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the fuel of the lean air-fuel mixture is injected through an injection nozzle into the induction passageway of the internal combustion engine, and wherein an injection pump which supplied fuel to the injection nozzle of the auxiliary combustion chamber is controlled an electromagnet and the injection nozzle in the induction passageway is also electromagnetically controlled, the injection pump and the electromagnetic injection nozzle being arranged in a common circuit which is regulated by a throttle switch which co-operates with the throttle valve of the internal combustion engine.
4. An internal combustion engine substantially as described with reference to, and as illustrated in, the accompanying drawing.
GB7928716A 1978-09-23 1979-08-17 Four-stroke internal combustion engine adapted to operate with a stratified charge Expired GB2030223B (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19782841522 DE2841522A1 (en) 1978-09-23 1978-09-23 MIX-COMPRESSIVE 4-STROKE COMBUSTION ENGINE WITH CHARGE LAYER

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB2030223A true GB2030223A (en) 1980-04-02
GB2030223B GB2030223B (en) 1982-09-15

Family

ID=6050281

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB7928716A Expired GB2030223B (en) 1978-09-23 1979-08-17 Four-stroke internal combustion engine adapted to operate with a stratified charge

Country Status (4)

Country Link
DE (1) DE2841522A1 (en)
FR (1) FR2436884A1 (en)
GB (1) GB2030223B (en)
IT (1) IT1122664B (en)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3506217A1 (en) * 1985-02-22 1986-08-28 FEV Forschungsgesellschaft für Energietechnik und Verbrennungsmotoren mbH, 5100 Aachen COMBUSTION METHOD FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
US10072559B2 (en) * 2016-09-23 2018-09-11 Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp. Method of operating an engine having a pilot subchamber at partial load conditions

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1024750B (en) 1955-03-04 1958-02-20 Bataafsche Petroleum Regulation of a mixture-compressing internal combustion engine with an antechamber
DE1926474U (en) 1965-06-24 1965-11-04 Fischer Artur Fa CLOSURE FOR BRACELETS.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
IT7924826A0 (en) 1979-07-31
FR2436884B3 (en) 1981-07-31
IT1122664B (en) 1986-04-23
GB2030223B (en) 1982-09-15
FR2436884A1 (en) 1980-04-18
DE2841522A1 (en) 1980-04-03

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Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
746 Register noted 'licences of right' (sect. 46/1977)
PCNP Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee