GB2027611A - Suction cleaning apparatus - Google Patents

Suction cleaning apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2027611A
GB2027611A GB7927592A GB7927592A GB2027611A GB 2027611 A GB2027611 A GB 2027611A GB 7927592 A GB7927592 A GB 7927592A GB 7927592 A GB7927592 A GB 7927592A GB 2027611 A GB2027611 A GB 2027611A
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United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
container
collection apparatus
vacuum collection
discharge
separation
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
GB7927592A
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GB2027611B (en
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RENVAC Ltd
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RENVAC Ltd
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Filing date
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Priority to GB7927592A priority Critical patent/GB2027611B/en
Publication of GB2027611A publication Critical patent/GB2027611A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of GB2027611B publication Critical patent/GB2027611B/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D45/00Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces
    • B01D45/02Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces by utilising gravity
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D45/00Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces
    • B01D45/04Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces by utilising inertia
    • B01D45/08Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces by utilising inertia by impingement against baffle separators
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D45/00Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces
    • B01D45/12Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces by centrifugal forces
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D45/00Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces
    • B01D45/18Cleaning-out devices
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D46/00Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/56Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition
    • B01D46/58Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition connected in parallel
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D46/00Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/66Regeneration of the filtering material or filter elements inside the filter
    • B01D46/74Regeneration of the filtering material or filter elements inside the filter by forces created by movement of the filter element
    • B01D46/76Regeneration of the filtering material or filter elements inside the filter by forces created by movement of the filter element involving vibrations
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D50/00Combinations of methods or devices for separating particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D50/20Combinations of devices covered by groups B01D45/00 and B01D46/00
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21FSAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
    • E21F5/00Means or methods for preventing, binding, depositing, or removing dust; Preventing explosions or fires
    • E21F5/20Drawing-off or depositing dust

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Cyclones (AREA)

Abstract

A suction cleaning apparatus for the removal of particulate material, especially in mine workings, comprises a suction pumping unit (2) that draws an air flow through a collector head 20 to a two-stage separator unit (4), the separated particulate material therefrom being wetted before discharge onto a conveyor belt (44). A screen filter unit (6) is interposed between units (2) and (4) for removing any remaining fine particles. The units can be disposed remotely from each other. The separator unit first stage (22) is arranged to separate larger particles by gravity and the second stage (24) has cyclone separator means (32) acting in parallel. Hoppers (22a, 24a) collect the separated material from both stages, the material being wetted by water injection means (54, 56) just after it is discharged through rotary valves (50, 52) at the hopper outlets. The valves (50, 52) seal the hopper interiors and may discharge the solids continuously, at intervals, or in dependence on a weight sensing device. Discharge is prevented when the conveyor has stopped. <IMAGE>

Description

SPEC1FICATION Vacuum collection apparatus for the removal of particulate material This invention relates two vacuum collection apparatus for the removal of particulate material such as dust and larger particles (e.g. up to 7 cm to 10 cm across). It is concerned particularly, but not exclusively, with such apparatus for use in mines, especially coal mines.
It will be understood that particulate waste material is continually deposited on the floors of mine workings and the amount of this material present must be kept down, both for safety and to avoid damage to the equipment operating in the workings. Although dust extraction installations are known and used, these are not well adapted to clearing material that has already been deposited.
Nor are the portable forms of floor cleaning equipment used above ground suitable for operation in mine workings and it would be difficult, moreover, to dispose conveniently there of the material they had collected.
It is one object of the present invention to provide vacuum operated apparatus that may be used effectively in mines for the collection of particulate materials such as dust and larger particles deposited on the floors of the workings.
According to one aspect of the invention, there is provided a vacuum collection apparatus for the removal of material in the form of dust and larger particles, the apparatus comprising suction pumping means, a collector conduit connected to said suction means for drawing in said material suspended in a suction air flow, separation means being disposed in said conduit means for separation of suspended material from the air flow, at least one hopper for the collection of the separated particulate material, an outlet conduit from each hopper being provided with a discharge valve and means in said conduit beyond said valve for injecting a liquid into the outlet conduit to wet the separated material discharged through said valve.
Preferably, the discharge from said at least one hopper is arranged to be directed onto a belt conveyor for convenient removal of the collected material, and the outlet conduit may then comprise an elongate tube extending downwards to close to the travelling belt. Said discharge valve will normally be required to maintain the suction under pressure in said hopper and it can be arranged that it is operated by control means that also synchronise the injection of liquid with the passage of the collected material through the yalve. The control means may also be arranged to prevent operation of said valve when the conveyor belt has stopped.
According to another aspect of the invention, a vacuum collection apparatus for the removal of material in the form of dust and larger particles comprises suction pumping means, a collector condultconnected to said suction means for drawing in said material suspended in a suction air flow, separation means being disposed in said conduit means for removal of the particulate material from the air flow, said separation means comprising a first container in which larger particles are allowed to separate from the flow by gravity, and a second container connected in series with the first container and in which there is at least one cyclone separator for separating smaller particles from the flow, valve-controlled discharge outlets from both said containers, weight-sensitive means supporting at least said first container, and control means responsive to said weight-sensitive means for opening both said valve-controlled outlets in dependence upon the .
increase of weight of said first container due to the accumulation of said larger particles therein.
Preferably, said control means are arranged also to stop the operation of said suction means when a limiting weight has been sensed, although the operation of the outlet valves is continued to remove material from the containers.
According to a further aspect of the invention, there is provided a vacuum collection apparatus for the removal of material in the form of dust and larger particles, the apparatus being constructed as a series of separate units comprising a first unit having suction pumping means and a motor drive for said means, a second unit having first and second containers secured side-by-side wherein the first container provides a receptacle for larger particles separated from the air flow by gravity and the second container comprises cyclonic separation means for the collection of smaller particles from the air flow from the first container, a third unit comprising screen-filtering means for still smaller particles remaining in the air flow from the second container, a collector head being connected by a flexible conduit to said first container and the third unit being-connected to said first unit whereby the suction pumping means draws air in through said collector head to pass successively through the first container, the second container and the screen-filtering means, said second unit being mounted in an elevated position remote from the first and third units whereby the contents of the first and second containers can be dumped onto a travelling conveyor through bottom discharge means that comprise liquid injection means whereby to wet the material being dumped.
The invention will be described in more detail by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings illustrate one embodiment of apparatus according to the invention intended for use in a coal mine. In the drawings, Fig. 1 is a schematic illustration of the apparatus, Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the separator unit of the apparatus in Fig. 1, and Figs. 3 and 4 are side and plan views of a water injection ring of the unit in Fig. 2.
The apparatus comprises a number of separately positioned units that are interconnected by airflow conduits, there being a drive unit 2, a separator unit 4, a fine filter unit 6 and a control panel 8. In the drive unit, a positive displacement vacuum pump 10 driven by electric motor 12 produces a large volume flow at a considerable suction (e.g. 30 cm Hg). A suction pipe 14 connects the pump to the filter unit 6, which in turn draws air from the separator unit 4 through pipe 1 6, and the inlet of the unit 4 is connected to one end of a flexible hose 18 carrying a suction head 20 at its other end.
Particulate solid material can be picked up by the suction head as the volume flow of air is sufficient to entrain particles up to 7-1 0 cm across in this embodiment of the invention (although it will be understood that in general the maximum particle size that the apparatus is required to handle may be different in different installations). An operator can therefore use the suction head to clean the floor and other surfaces for some distance around the apparatus. The flow with the entrained solid material is drawn in turn through the separator unit, where particles other than fine dust are removed from the flow, and the filter unit where small dust particles, e.g. down to 1 micron, are trapped.
Explosion valves 21, not illustrated in detail, are provided on the separator unit and the fine filter unit. These are flap valves biased outwards by light spring pressure but normally held closed in use by the suction of the drive unit. They thus open automatically in the event of an overpresssure and also vent the interiors of their units when the apparatus is not operating.
The separator unit 4 comprises two containers 22, 24 rigidly secured together side-by-side, and each having a tapered lower section forming a hopper 22a, 24a. The first container 22 has the inlet connection of the unit running into and there is a connecting union 26 between it and the second container. The inlet is formed by a pipe 28 extending some distance upwards into the first container, to terminate just before a baffle 30 depending from the top of the container. Larger particles in the entry flow strike the baffle or adjacent regions of the container walls and fall out of the high velocity air flow to collect in the bottom of the hopper 22a.The air flow with the remaining solid material, e.g. having a particle size of about 1 cm or less, is directed through the union 26 to the second container in which there is a series of cyclonic separators 32 arranged in parallel. Further solid material is removed from the air flow by the separators 32 and collected in the bottom of the second hopper 24a, leaving only fine dust particles in the exit flow to the filter unit 6.
Within the filter unit is a series of envelopeform polyester epitropic fabric filters 34 arranged in parallel on a support frame 36 within the body of the unit. A shaker motor 38 connected to the frame 36 is able to reciprocate the frame with its filters to shake settled dust from the surfaces of the filters down into a hopper 40 forming the base of the unit and from which the material may be removed when convenient. The total quantity of material separated at this stage will be relatively small, but the filter unit protects the vacuum pump and helps ensure that the air flow exhausted from the vacuum pump is free of solid matter to any significant extent.
The separator unit is mounted on supports 42 above a conveyor belt 44 and the outlets of the two hoppers 22a 24a are disposed over the belt and have tail pipes 46, 48 extending downwards to close to the belt surface, at least the lower ends of the tail pipes being of a flexible material such as canvass. The two tail pipes are preferably slightly offset laterially of each other with respect to the conveyor belt. Between the hopper exits and the tail pipes, each hopper has a rotary dump valve 50, 52 and a water injection collar 54, 56. The valves 50, 52 are each of a known form of pocketed rotary valve that is able to keep the hopper interior sealed to maintain the vacuum conditions therein while the valve discharges collected material.
Referring to Figs. 3 and 4, each water collar comprises an enclosed annular channel 72 with an inlet union 74 for the water supply. A series of outlet nozzles 76 directed upwardly and inwardly are set at intervals around the enclosure and inject water into the interior of an adaptor sleeve 78 that joins the collar to its associated dump valve. The flexible portion of the tail pipe is secured to bottom flange 80 of the collar.
The valves are operated together by means of a common motor 58 connected to both through drive chains. The water collars 54, 56 operate concurrently with the dump valves to moisten the material being discharged by the valves and they inject water into the material either as a trickle flow or a fine mist spray, as required. This measure, and also the extension of the tail pipes to close to the conveyor surface, substantially prevents any dispersal of the material as it is discharged from the hoppers.
The valves 50, 52 can be arranged to be controlled in various ways. Since they can open without loss of suction inside the separator unit they can simply be allowed to rotate and discharge material as long as the vacuum pump is running. The shaker motor 38 may then be conveniently operated by a manual control.
The dump valves 50, 52 and also the shaker motor 38 may alternatively be arranged to be operated by automatic time relays so that material is discharged from the hoppers 22a, 24a and is cleared from the filters 34 at preset intervals. Such automatic operation might be modified to actuate the valves for a preset period upon switch-off of the drive unit.
Whichever form of control of the dump valves is used, the pump or inlet valve (not shown) supplying the water injection is preferably operated in synchronism with the dump valves, for example being controlled by a relay that also controls the common drive motor 58, so that water is injected whenever material is being allowed to pass through the dump valves.
As an alternative or additional form of control for discharge of collected material, the separator unit 4 can be provided with weight-sensing means for controlling the operation of the valves. For this purpose the unit is shown mounted on supporting springs 62 to be able to operate limit switches 64 as the weight of the unit increases with the accumulation of solid material in the hopper.
Since it can be expected that the primary separation stage in the first container 22 will remove the major part of the solid material in the air flow, it is possible to achieve this control relatively simply by placing the springs 62 at the side of the unit remote from the second container 24 and providing pivot mountings 66 on the second container on the opposite side of the unit, remote from the springs, so that the greater part of any change of weight of the first container acts to deflect the springs 62.
Preferably one limit switch has a normal or standard load setting and the other acts as an overload switch in the event of failure of the first switch. It may be arranged that when the overload switch operates, for example, or when the weight sensing control is used as a back-up for timed interval operation of the dump valves, the sensing of the weight increase also switches off the pump motor 12, so that the hoppers 22a, 24a can be cleared before further material is collected.
With all the forms of control of the dump valves described above, there may also be an interlock with the operation of the conveyor, so that the dump valves are held closed if the conveyor belt is stopped.
The motors and control gear of the apparatus described are all of flame-proof construction to be suitable for operation in a coal mine. In a number of other respects the apparatus is particularly well adapted for operation in mines, as for example the manner in which the scattering of dust is prevented when the separator hoppers are emptied. In particular, moreover, the construction of the apparatus in a number of separate units allows it to be installed easily and permit flexibility of operation, since the separator unit can be placed at any convenient point on a conveyor run and the inlet conduit connection 1 6 to it can be of considerable length.
For ease of installation, the separator unit itself is constructed as two separate containers connected together by a framework 70 and with the drive motor 58 also separately mounted to both containers. It can therefore be carried underground in relatively small and easily handled parts that are assembled together only when put in place, since the connections between them are of a very simple nature. It is, however possible to construct them as a single unit where conditions do not dictate otherwise. In that case, the unit may still comprise separate hoppers each with its own discharge valve. Whether or not the hoppers are constructed as a single unit, it may be preferred to arrange that the hoppers have a common outlet region to a single discharge valve.

Claims (20)

1. Vacuum collection apparatus for the removal of material in the form of dust or larger particles, the apparatus comprising suction pumping means, a collector conduit connected to said suction means for drawing in said material suspended in a suction air flow, separation means disposed in said conduit means for the separation of suspended material from the air flow, at least one hopper for collection of the separated particulate material, an outlet conduit of said hopper being provided with a discharge valve and means in said conduit beyond the discharge valve for injecting a liquid into the outlet conduit to wet the separated material discharged through said valve.
2. Vacuum collection apparatus according to claim 1 wherein said liquid injection means comprises a liquid supply channel in a region of the outlet conduit below said at least one discharge valve and having a plurality of nozzles through which the liquid is injected into said conduit.
3. Vacuum collection apparatus according to claim 1 or claim 2 wherein said means for separation of suspended material comprises a container arranged to allow particles to separate from the airflow by gravity.
4. Vacuum collection apparatus according to claim 3 comprising at least one baffle in said container disposed in the path of particulate material entrained in the incoming air flow for assisting separation of the material therefrom.
5. Vacuum collection apparatus according to claim 1 or claim 2 wherein said means for separation of suspended material comprises at least one cyclone separator.
6. Vacuum collection apparatus according to claim 3 or claim 4 together with claim 5 wherein means are provided for directing the air flow in sequence into said container for separation of larger particles by gravity and then into said at least one cyclone separator for the separation of smaller particles.
7. Vacuum collection apparatus according to claim 6 having separate collection hoppers for gravity-separated material and for said cycloneseparated material respectively.
8. Vacuum collection apparatus according to claim 7 having respective outlet conduits from said hoppers each provided with a discharge valve and liquid injection means.
9. Vacuum collection apparatus according to claim 6 or claim 7 having a common collection hopper for the gravity separated material and for the cyclone-separated material.
1 0. Vacuum collection apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the or each discharge valve is a rotary valve arranged to prevent loss of suction head in the hopper during the discharge of the collected material and control means are provided to onerate said valve or valves automatically in dependence upon the operation of the suction pumping means.
11. Vacuum collection apparatus according to claim 10 wherein the or each said valve is operated continuously during the running of the suction pumping means.
12. Vacuum collection apparatus according to claim 10 wherein the or each said valve is arranged to operate to discharge material upon stopping of said suction pumping ineans.
13. Vacuum collection apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 9 comprising weightsensing means for said at least one hopper and control means for the or each discharge valve arranged to actuate said valves in response to an increase of weight sensed by sensing means.
14. Vacuum collection apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the liquid injection means are arranged to operate continuously during the period in which the or each associated discharge valve is operative to discharge material from the hopper.
1 5. Vacuum collection apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims arranged to discharge the separated material downwardly onto a belt conveyor and provided with means of preventing discharge when the conveyor is stopped.
16. Vacuum collection apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims further comprising a screen filtering means disposed in the air flow path between said separation means and the suction pumping means.
17. Separation means for vacuum collection apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims comprising first and second containers each having hopper-form lower sections and having their interiors interconnected above said lower section, an inlet connection to the first container being directed towards internal baffle means for the separation of larger particles in the first container hopper section, at least one cyclone separator in the second container for separation of smaller particles remaining in the air flow to direct said smaller particles into the second container hopper section, discharge means from said hopper sections comprising at least one discharge valve and liquid injection means downstream of said valve for introducing a liquid to wet the collected material as it is discharged.
18. Vacuum collection apparatus for the removal of material in the form of dust and larger particles comprises suction pumping means, a collector conduit connected to said suction means for drawing in said material suspended in a suction air flow, separation means being disposed in said conduit means for removal of the particulate material from the air flow, said separation means comprising a first container in which larger particles are allowed to separate from the flow by gravity, and a second container connected in series with the first container and in which there is at least one cyclone separator for separating smaller particles from the flow, valvecontrolled discharge outlets from both said containers, weight-sensitive means supporting at least said first container, and control means responsive to said weight-sensitive means for opening both said valve-controlled outlets in dependence upon the increase of weight of said first container due to the accumulation of said larger particles therein.
19. Vacuum collection apparatus for the removal of material in the form of dust and larger particles, the apparatus being constructed as a series of separate units comprising a first unit having suction pumping means and a motor drive for said means, a second unit having first and second containers secured side-by-side wherein the first container provides a receptacle for larger particles separated from the air flow by gravity and the second container comprises cyclonic separation means for the collection of smaller particles from the air flow from the first container, a third unit comprising screen-filtering means for still smaller particles remaining in the air flow from the second container, a collector head being connected by a flexible conduit to said first container and the third unit being connected to said first unit whereby the suction pumping means draws air in through said collector head to pass successively through the first container, the second container and the screen-filtering means, said second unit being mounted in an elevated position remote from the first and third units whereby the contents of the first and second containers can be dumped onto a travelling conveyor through bottom discharge means that comprise liquid injection means whereby to wet the material being dumped.
20. Vacuum collection apparatus constructed and arranged for use and operation substantially as described herein with reference to the accompanying drawings.
GB7927592A 1978-08-11 1979-08-08 Suction cleaning apparatus Expired GB2027611B (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB7927592A GB2027611B (en) 1978-08-11 1979-08-08 Suction cleaning apparatus

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB7833114 1978-08-11
GB7927592A GB2027611B (en) 1978-08-11 1979-08-08 Suction cleaning apparatus

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB2027611A true GB2027611A (en) 1980-02-27
GB2027611B GB2027611B (en) 1982-09-08

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4372762A (en) * 1981-02-09 1983-02-08 Cooley Claude S Dust collector and filter unit
ES2114392A1 (en) * 1994-07-15 1998-05-16 Forgestal S L Vacuum cleaning equipment for ceramic firing tunnel furnace carts
EP3009595A3 (en) * 2014-10-14 2016-08-31 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Particle dust control with liquid binding agents
CN113090317A (en) * 2021-05-13 2021-07-09 重庆工程职业技术学院 Coal mine dust isolation treatment device and use method
CN113769524A (en) * 2021-09-15 2021-12-10 杨清照 Spraying denitration boiler

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4372762A (en) * 1981-02-09 1983-02-08 Cooley Claude S Dust collector and filter unit
ES2114392A1 (en) * 1994-07-15 1998-05-16 Forgestal S L Vacuum cleaning equipment for ceramic firing tunnel furnace carts
EP3009595A3 (en) * 2014-10-14 2016-08-31 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Particle dust control with liquid binding agents
US10001002B2 (en) 2014-10-14 2018-06-19 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Particle dust control with liquid binding agents
CN113090317A (en) * 2021-05-13 2021-07-09 重庆工程职业技术学院 Coal mine dust isolation treatment device and use method
CN113090317B (en) * 2021-05-13 2022-06-10 重庆工程职业技术学院 Coal mine dust isolation treatment device and use method
CN113769524A (en) * 2021-09-15 2021-12-10 杨清照 Spraying denitration boiler

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