GB1578861A - Apparatus for separating gas bubbles from a flowing liquid - Google Patents

Apparatus for separating gas bubbles from a flowing liquid Download PDF

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Publication number
GB1578861A
GB1578861A GB10470/77A GB1047077A GB1578861A GB 1578861 A GB1578861 A GB 1578861A GB 10470/77 A GB10470/77 A GB 10470/77A GB 1047077 A GB1047077 A GB 1047077A GB 1578861 A GB1578861 A GB 1578861A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
opening
baffle
flow
outlet
bubbles
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
GB10470/77A
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
MAN AG
Original Assignee
MAN Maschinenfabrik Augsburg Nuernberg AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19762610109 external-priority patent/DE2610109A1/en
Priority claimed from DE19772704207 external-priority patent/DE2704207A1/en
Application filed by MAN Maschinenfabrik Augsburg Nuernberg AG filed Critical MAN Maschinenfabrik Augsburg Nuernberg AG
Publication of GB1578861A publication Critical patent/GB1578861A/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/026—Header boxes; End plates with static flow control means, e.g. with means for uniformly distributing heat exchange media into conduits
    • F28F9/0265—Header boxes; End plates with static flow control means, e.g. with means for uniformly distributing heat exchange media into conduits by using guiding means or impingement means inside the header box
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D19/00—Degasification of liquids
    • B01D19/0042—Degasification of liquids modifying the liquid flow
    • B01D19/0052—Degasification of liquids modifying the liquid flow in rotating vessels, vessels containing movable parts or in which centrifugal movement is caused
    • B01D19/0057—Degasification of liquids modifying the liquid flow in rotating vessels, vessels containing movable parts or in which centrifugal movement is caused the centrifugal movement being caused by a vortex, e.g. using a cyclone, or by a tangential inlet
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P11/00—Component parts, details, or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01P1/00 - F01P9/00
    • F01P11/02—Liquid-coolant filling, overflow, venting, or draining devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P11/00—Component parts, details, or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01P1/00 - F01P9/00
    • F01P11/02—Liquid-coolant filling, overflow, venting, or draining devices
    • F01P11/028—Deaeration devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2265/00—Safety or protection arrangements; Arrangements for preventing malfunction
    • F28F2265/18—Safety or protection arrangements; Arrangements for preventing malfunction for removing contaminants, e.g. for degassing

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Degasification And Air Bubble Elimination (AREA)

Description

(54) APPARATUS FOR SEPARATING GAS BUBBLES FROM A FLOWING LIQUID (71) We, MASCHINENFABRIK AUGS BURG-NURNBERG AKTIENGESELL SCHAFT, of Dachauer Strasse 667, 8000 Miinchen, Germany, a German body corporate, do hereby declare the invention, for which we pray that a patent may be granted to us, and the method by which it is to be performed, to be particularly described in and by the following statement: The present invention relates to apparatus for separating gas bubbles from a flowing liquid, particularly in a heat exchanger, e.g.
a radiator, of a liquid-cooled combustion engine.
The functioning of apparatus through which liquid flows can be adversely affected to a considerable extent or even put at risk when the liquid flow is charged with gas bubbles. For this reason it is very often necessary to remove bubbles as much as possible.
An object of the invention is to provide apparatus by means. of which gas bubbles are removed but with small constructional expenditure and low flow losses.
The invention provides apparatus for separating bubbles from a liquid comprising a container so constructed, and having an inlet and an outlet for the liquid so arranged, that in use when a main flow of liquid passes through the container from the inlet to the outlet a zone of relatively stagnant liquid exists between the main flow and a wall of the container and a vortex is formed between the main flow and the wall, the vortex transporting bubbles from the main flow to the relatively stagnant zone, wherein an opening is arranged in the wall of the container adjacent the relatively stagnant zone so that the bubbles can escape therethrough.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention the opening is connected to a further container for relatively stagnant liquid into which the bubbles flow for separation from the liquid.
The container may be the header tank of a heat exchanger, e.g. radiator, of an internal combustion engine.
The invention will now be described with reference to embodiments shown by way of example in the accompanying drawings, wherein: Figure 1 is a section through the plenum or header tank of the radiator of an internal combustion engine; Figure 2 is a schematic perspective view of a further embodiment of the header tank with a de-gassing tube; and Figure 3 is a horizontal section through an expansion tank of the radiator of Figure 1 or Figure 2.
In Figure 1 a radiator comprises a header tank 1 through which cooling medium flows into a cooling grid 2. As a rule the header tank 1 has an elongate shape. The cooling medium enters the header tank 1 at one end thereof through an opening 3 or 4. The flow direction has no significance in this case. The exit is along the lower long side of the radiator.
In the header tank 1 the main flow v of liquid is in the direction indicated. Between the main flow v and the top of the header tank there is a wedge-shaped zone A in which the liquid is relatively stagnant.
Between the main flow v and the top of the header tank 1, a vortex w is formed, which transports bubbles from the main flow v into the zone A. An opening 5 or 6 is formed in the wall (top or side, respectively) of the header tank 1 remote from the opening 3 or 4, the opening being in the zone A. Thus, the bubbles carried to the zone A escape through the opening 5 or 6.
It is important that the opening 5 or 6 always remains covered with liquid. The opening may lead into a dome, a space separated from the header tank by a partition wall, or through a pipe into an expansion tank. The disposition of the header tank (horizontal, vertical or inclined) is of no significance in this case.
Figure 2 shows a particularly effective and cheap way of conveying the bubbles in the zone A to the opening 5 or 6. A baffle 7 is arranged in the zone A and leads to the opening 6. The baffle 7 may have an arcuate cross-section (it being possible to use a circular arc, but for reasons of space or because of low height of the header tank, a part-elliptical cross-section is to be recommended probably in most cases) and its convex side 8 faces the inlet opening 3, its axis being disposed perpendicular or at least nearly perpendicular to the direction of the main flow v. The baffle 7 extends over the whole width of the header tank 1. At one adjacent the opening 6, the baffle 7 forms an extension of a pipe 9 for conducting away the gas bubbles, and at its opposite end the baffle 7 can be fixed to the header tank 1 in any suitable manner.
The convex side 8 of the baffle 7 may be provided with a window 10 facing the inlet opening 3. The window 10 allows inter alia, the separation of air during filling of the radiator and the separation of steam with the motor (not shown) switched off. The window need not extend over the whole width of the header tank 1. It should be only as large as is absolutely necessarv for discharging gas with the engine at standstill. Furthermore it should be disposed if possible at the end of the baffle 7 opposite the pipe 9 for the gas exhaust and additionally as close as possible to the top wall of the header tank 1.
In Figure 3, an expansion tank 90 has four mutually perpendicular side walls which are connected at the top and at the bottom to respective horizontal walls. The expansion tank 90 has an inlet opening 170 and an outlet opening 180 which are located in one of the four side walls and are arranged close to the lower horizontal wall.
Two horizontally-disposed connecting tubes ale connected to the two openings 170 and 180.
The expansion tank 90 is arranged above the upper header tank 1 and is connected through the inlet opening 170 to a connecting pipe 100 leading from the outlet 5 or 6 of the upper header tank 1 by way of the horizontally-disposed first connecting tube, and is connected through the outlet opening 180 to the connecting pipe 110 leading to a venlilating pipe (not shown) by way of the horizontally-disposed second connecting tube.
Because of the arrangement of the inlet opening 170 and the outlet opening 180, the flow circulates relatively slowly around a vertical axis in the expansion tank 90. Furthermore vortex formations in the region of the outlet opening 180 are avoided by the horizontal arrangement of the connecting tubes. A low and highly vortex-free flow speed, as well as the fact that the path travelled by the flow in the expansion tank 90 between the inlet 170 and the outlet 180 is considerably longer than the distance between the two openings 170 and 180, are advantageous for the gas separation. Under these flow conditions the gas bubbles contained in the flow in the expansion tank 90 are discharged into the space located above the liquid level, because of their tendency to travel upwardly. Any suitable air outlet from the expansion tank 90 may be provided.
The flow speed of the flow in the expansion tank 90 may additionally be influenced also by the length and the diameter of the connecting pipe 110. In this case long pipe lengths and small cross-sections lead to the desired low speed.
WHAT WE CLAIM IS: 1. Apparatus for separating bubbles from a liquid comprising a container so constructed, and having an inlet and an outlet for the liquid so arranged, that in use when a main flow of liquid passes through the container from the inlet to the outlet a zone of relatively stagnant liquid exists bebetween the main flow and a wall of the container and a vortex is formed between the main flow and the wall, the vortex transporting bubbles from the main flow to the relatively stagnant zone, wherein an opening is arranged in the wall of the container adjacent the relatively stagnant zone so that the bubbles can escape therethrough.
2. Apparatus as claimed in Claim 1, wherein a baffle is arranged in the relatively stagnant zone and extends to the opening, so as to catch the bubbles transported to the relatively stagnant zone and direct them to the opening.
3. Apparatus as claimed in Claim 2, wherein the baffle has an arcuate cross section.
4. Apparatus as claimed in Claim 2, wherein the baffle has a part-eliptical cross section.
5. Apparatus as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the opening is connected to a further container for relatively stagnant liquid into which the bubbles flow for separation from the liquid.
6. Apparatus as claimed in Claim 5, wherein the further container has an inlet through which the separated bubbles enter the further container, and an outlet for the liquid in the further container, the inlet and outlet being arranged so that in use, the directions of flow therethrough are at substantially 1800 to each other and are substantially horizontal.
**WARNING** end of DESC field may overlap start of CLMS **.

Claims (10)

**WARNING** start of CLMS field may overlap end of DESC **. (horizontal, vertical or inclined) is of no significance in this case. Figure 2 shows a particularly effective and cheap way of conveying the bubbles in the zone A to the opening 5 or 6. A baffle 7 is arranged in the zone A and leads to the opening 6. The baffle 7 may have an arcuate cross-section (it being possible to use a circular arc, but for reasons of space or because of low height of the header tank, a part-elliptical cross-section is to be recommended probably in most cases) and its convex side 8 faces the inlet opening 3, its axis being disposed perpendicular or at least nearly perpendicular to the direction of the main flow v. The baffle 7 extends over the whole width of the header tank 1. At one adjacent the opening 6, the baffle 7 forms an extension of a pipe 9 for conducting away the gas bubbles, and at its opposite end the baffle 7 can be fixed to the header tank 1 in any suitable manner. The convex side 8 of the baffle 7 may be provided with a window 10 facing the inlet opening 3. The window 10 allows inter alia, the separation of air during filling of the radiator and the separation of steam with the motor (not shown) switched off. The window need not extend over the whole width of the header tank 1. It should be only as large as is absolutely necessarv for discharging gas with the engine at standstill. Furthermore it should be disposed if possible at the end of the baffle 7 opposite the pipe 9 for the gas exhaust and additionally as close as possible to the top wall of the header tank 1. In Figure 3, an expansion tank 90 has four mutually perpendicular side walls which are connected at the top and at the bottom to respective horizontal walls. The expansion tank 90 has an inlet opening 170 and an outlet opening 180 which are located in one of the four side walls and are arranged close to the lower horizontal wall. Two horizontally-disposed connecting tubes ale connected to the two openings 170 and 180. The expansion tank 90 is arranged above the upper header tank 1 and is connected through the inlet opening 170 to a connecting pipe 100 leading from the outlet 5 or 6 of the upper header tank 1 by way of the horizontally-disposed first connecting tube, and is connected through the outlet opening 180 to the connecting pipe 110 leading to a venlilating pipe (not shown) by way of the horizontally-disposed second connecting tube. Because of the arrangement of the inlet opening 170 and the outlet opening 180, the flow circulates relatively slowly around a vertical axis in the expansion tank 90. Furthermore vortex formations in the region of the outlet opening 180 are avoided by the horizontal arrangement of the connecting tubes. A low and highly vortex-free flow speed, as well as the fact that the path travelled by the flow in the expansion tank 90 between the inlet 170 and the outlet 180 is considerably longer than the distance between the two openings 170 and 180, are advantageous for the gas separation. Under these flow conditions the gas bubbles contained in the flow in the expansion tank 90 are discharged into the space located above the liquid level, because of their tendency to travel upwardly. Any suitable air outlet from the expansion tank 90 may be provided. The flow speed of the flow in the expansion tank 90 may additionally be influenced also by the length and the diameter of the connecting pipe 110. In this case long pipe lengths and small cross-sections lead to the desired low speed. WHAT WE CLAIM IS:
1. Apparatus for separating bubbles from a liquid comprising a container so constructed, and having an inlet and an outlet for the liquid so arranged, that in use when a main flow of liquid passes through the container from the inlet to the outlet a zone of relatively stagnant liquid exists bebetween the main flow and a wall of the container and a vortex is formed between the main flow and the wall, the vortex transporting bubbles from the main flow to the relatively stagnant zone, wherein an opening is arranged in the wall of the container adjacent the relatively stagnant zone so that the bubbles can escape therethrough.
2. Apparatus as claimed in Claim 1, wherein a baffle is arranged in the relatively stagnant zone and extends to the opening, so as to catch the bubbles transported to the relatively stagnant zone and direct them to the opening.
3. Apparatus as claimed in Claim 2, wherein the baffle has an arcuate cross section.
4. Apparatus as claimed in Claim 2, wherein the baffle has a part-eliptical cross section.
5. Apparatus as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the opening is connected to a further container for relatively stagnant liquid into which the bubbles flow for separation from the liquid.
6. Apparatus as claimed in Claim 5, wherein the further container has an inlet through which the separated bubbles enter the further container, and an outlet for the liquid in the further container, the inlet and outlet being arranged so that in use, the directions of flow therethrough are at substantially 1800 to each other and are substantially horizontal.
7. Apparatus as claimed in any one of
the preceding claims, wherein the container is the header tank of a heat exchanger of an internal combustion engine.
8. Apparatus as claimed in Claim 5 or 6, and Claim 7, wherein the further container is an expansion tank connected by a pipe to the header tank.
9. Apparatus substantially as herein described with reference to any one of the embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings.
10. An internal combustion engine provided with apparatus as claimed in any one of the preceding claims.
GB10470/77A 1976-03-11 1977-03-11 Apparatus for separating gas bubbles from a flowing liquid Expired GB1578861A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19762610109 DE2610109A1 (en) 1976-03-11 1976-03-11 Artificial vortex to remove gas bubbles from a flowing liq. - which is formed behind a curved plate as the main flow turns aside
DE19772704207 DE2704207A1 (en) 1977-02-02 1977-02-02 Artificial vortex to remove gas bubbles from a flowing liq. - which is formed behind a curved plate as the main flow turns aside

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB1578861A true GB1578861A (en) 1980-11-12

Family

ID=25770186

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB10470/77A Expired GB1578861A (en) 1976-03-11 1977-03-11 Apparatus for separating gas bubbles from a flowing liquid

Country Status (1)

Country Link
GB (1) GB1578861A (en)

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Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PS Patent sealed
PCNP Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee