GB1566682A - Apparatus for adding emulsifier to a fluid - Google Patents

Apparatus for adding emulsifier to a fluid Download PDF

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Publication number
GB1566682A
GB1566682A GB3028/78A GB302878A GB1566682A GB 1566682 A GB1566682 A GB 1566682A GB 3028/78 A GB3028/78 A GB 3028/78A GB 302878 A GB302878 A GB 302878A GB 1566682 A GB1566682 A GB 1566682A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
conduit
tube
divergent
fluid
pump
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
GB3028/78A
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Biro Fils
Original Assignee
Biro Fils
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from FR7702372A external-priority patent/FR2378558A1/en
Priority claimed from FR7801175A external-priority patent/FR2414361A2/en
Application filed by Biro Fils filed Critical Biro Fils
Publication of GB1566682A publication Critical patent/GB1566682A/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C5/00—Making of fire-extinguishing materials immediately before use
    • A62C5/02—Making of fire-extinguishing materials immediately before use of foam
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/30—Injector mixers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/50—Circulation mixers, e.g. wherein at least part of the mixture is discharged from and reintroduced into a receptacle
    • B01F25/53—Circulation mixers, e.g. wherein at least part of the mixture is discharged from and reintroduced into a receptacle in which the mixture is discharged from and reintroduced into a receptacle through a recirculation tube, into which an additional component is introduced

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Jet Pumps And Other Pumps (AREA)

Description

(54) APPARATUS FOR ADDING EMULSIFIER TO A FLUID (71) We, BIRO FILS, a French body corporate, of 7 & 9 Rue Steinlen, 75018 Paris, France, do hereby declare the invention, for which we pray that a patent may be granted to us, and the method by which it is to be performed, to be particularly described in and by the following statement: - This invention relates to apparatus for adding emulsifier to a fluid.
For fighting fire in which liquefied products are burning for example, use is often made of foams which are generally produced by the addition of an emulsifier to water under pressure. Various forms of apparatus for adding an emulsifier to a fluid have been proposed in the art, in particular for adding the emulsifier to water flowing in a conduit under the action of a pump.For example the addition of emulsifier to water may be effected by means of a "Giffard" injector which utilises or converts the energy taken from the head of flowing water, to produce a vacuum phenomenon which causes the emulsifier to be drawn into and mixed with the water, but this results in the disadvantage of a pressure drop in the flow; to compensate for this, it is necessary to use energy levels which are excessive relative to the use thereof, hence resulting in a lack of flexibility which permits this apparatus to operate only over a very narrow operating range.In a second kind of apparatus, the Giffard injector is arranged on the water pump between the inlet and the outlet, but the resulting recycling phenomenon produces a power loss which must be compensated for by the power of the pump and the drive motor; in any case, this leaves only an operating range of from 50 to 100% of the discharge of the pump, with the system not operating properly below this range, even taking account of a pressure difference of for example 5 bars between the pump inlet and the pump discharge. Another kind of apparatus uses a metering and proportioning device which reacts on the differential dynamics of the water head and the emulsifier, the emulsifier being carried from an emulsifier storage tank to the metering and proportioning device by means of a pump.
In this apparatus, the metering and proportioning device is a static system which has two sets of valves which are open and closed in the rest position and which become blocked in those positions if the emulsifier solidifies in the device. In addition, the emulsifier must be injected into the proportioning device at a pressure which is higher than the water head by for example two bars. This assembly is also delicate and requires motors, which is a disadvantage because such motors will not always operate simultaneously.
In the three kinds of apparatus mentioned above, a common feature is the lack of operating flexibility, namely, that it is not possible, under the best conditions, with very good apparatus and optimum adjustments, to be able to use them in a functional range outside the limits of from 50 to 100% of the fluid flow.
According to the present invention, there is provided apparatus for adding emulsifier to a flowing fluid, comprising a conduit for carrying said Ruid, a convergent-divergent nozzle portion in the conduit, a movable tube extending coaxially within the conduit and having a discharge end portion disposed in the conduit in the region of the nozzle portion, the conicity and diameter of the nozzle portion being adapted to the flow performance in the conduit, a valve arranged to be responsive to the flow of fluid in the conduit, and means operatively connecting the valve assembly to the tube for displacement of the tube relative to the nozzle portion in dependence on the fluid flow in the conduit.
The invention also provides apparatus for adding emulsifier to a flowing fluid, comprising a first conduit portion, means for connecting the first conduit portion to the intake of a pump, means for introducing fluid into the first conduit portion for flow therethrough to the pump, a convergentdivergent nozzle portion in the first conduit portion, a tube extending in the first conduit portion and having a discharge end opening in the region of the nozzle portion for introducing emulsifier into the first conduit portion, the tube being mounted for axial displacement in the conduit portion relative to the nozzle portion, a second conduit portion, means for connecting the second conduit portion to the outlet of the pump for receiving the fluid flow therefrom, a valve member disposed in the second conduit portion and responsive to the fluid flow therein, and means operatively connecting the valve member to the tube whereby displacement of the valve member by the fluid flow pressure thereon produces displacement of the tube in the first conduit portion, thereby to adjust the flow of emulsifier through the tube and into the first portion.
The invention will now be described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1 is a diagrammatic view of a first embodiment of the apparatus, on a pump, Figure 2 is a detail view of the apparatus of Figure 1, Figure 3 is a diagrammatic view of a second embodiment of the apparatus, on a pump, Figure 4 is a view of the apparatus mounted on a conduit.
Reference is made to Figure 1 which shows the apparatus 1 according to the invention, which is disposed at the inlet or suction side of a pump 2 with axial inlet and outlet. The apparatus 1 includes a nozzle portion 3 in the flow conduit, the nozzle comprising a convergent-divergent portion 4, the conicity and diameter of which are adapted to the performance characteristics of the fluid flow and thus of the pump 2, providing a venturi effect.
Disposed coaxially within the nozzle 3 is a central round tube 5 comprising a divergent end portion 6 which is co-operable with the divergent portion 4 of the nozzle 3. The diameter of the tube is adapted in dependence on the maximum flow rate of emulsifier to the band to the flow of fluid through the nozzle 3 and the maximum output flow rate of the pump 2. The tube 5 is mounted so as to be displaceable axially within the nozzle 3.
Disposed at the outlet or discharge side of the pump 2 is an output flow-responsive control valve 7 which is urged to a closed position against its seat 8 bv a spring 9.
A rod 10 of the valve 7 is displaceable to control displacement of the tube 5 within the nozzle 3, bv means of a connecting assembly 11. This assembly comprises an inner cable fixed at respective ends of the valve 7 casing and to a casing portion adiacent the nozzle 3, and an outer cable cover connected to the rod 10 and tube 5 and displaceable on the inner cable, as shown.
In the embodiment illustrated, fluid such as water is passed over the nozzle 3 by a conduit 12, and the emulsifier is introduced through the tube 5.
When the pump 2 is operating, water flowing in the conduit 12 is discharged by the pump 2 and acts against the valve 7 which is thereby lifted away from its seat 8.
The movement of the valve 7, transmitted by its rod 10 and the cable assembly 11, acts on the tube 5 for delivering the emulsifier, whereby the tube 5 is axially displaced within the nozzle 3 relative to the divergent portion at 4. The extent of axial displacement of the tube 5 is proportional to the output of the pump 2. It should be noted that such displacement of the tube 5 is assisted by the fact that, when an increased pump output is required, the pump 2 will increase its suction effect and will thus promote the axial displacement of the tube 5, thus making it possible to achieve quicker and virtually instantaneous reaction of the apparatus to the change in operating condition.
Pre-adjustment of the emulsifier flow rate through the tube 5 is effected by acting on the connecting assembly, that is to say, by adjusting the length of the cable assembly 11. For a given output of the pump, such adjustment varies the position of the divergent end portion 6 of the tube 5 relative to the portion 4 of the nozzle 3. For a given output of the pump 2, the peripheral speed of the water flowing around the divergent end portions 6 of the tube 5 increases, as the flow section between the divergent end portion 6 and the portion 4 of the nozzle 3 becomes smaller. In consequence, for a given pump output, if the portion 6 is retracted to the bottom of the cone of the portion 4, a larger amount of emulsifier will be injected, whereas if the tube 5 with portion 6 is pushed in the other direction, less emulsifier will be injected into the water flow.
Figure 2 is a detail view of the apparatus diagrammatically shown in Figure 1.
Figure 2 does not show the pump, but it shows the main components of the apparatus, namely the tube 5 for delivering the emulsifier which opens at its divergent portion 6 within the convergent-divergent portion 4, the valve 7 for controlling the tube.
which valve is held on its seat 8 by the coil spring 9, and the connecting cable assembly 11 which is fixed by a bracket to the tube 5. Figure 2 also shows a device 13 for Dreadjusting the basic flow rate of emulsifier, comprising a handwheel 14 for acting on and thus varving the length of the cable 11. It will be understood that this wheel device 13 may be replaced by other suitable means, for example by a hydraulic control arrangement.
Figure 3 diagrammatically shows another embodiment of apparatus according to the invention, which is generally the same as that shown in Figure 1 except that the valve 7 is mounted at the periphery of a rotary flow pump 20.
Figure 4 is a diagrammatic view of another embodiment of the apparatus according to the invention, mounted on a conduit 30. In this embodiment the water flows through conduit 30 and into a chamber 31 comprising an outlet conduit 32 forming a downstream-divergent portion 33. Conical end portion 36 of an axial tube 35 is displaceable within the divergent portion 33.
The tube 33 is controlled in its axial movement by the valve 37 which is disposed at the outlet end of the conduit 32 and which is held closed on its seat 38 by a spring 39; the valve 37 is thus disposed at the outlet or downstream of the divergent portion 33.
In the Figure 4 embodiment, the valve 37 controls displacement of the tube 35 by means of a sliding rod 41. In this embodiment also, when the water flow rate through the conduit 31 is increased, the effect of this is to encourage the axial movement of the tube 35 which is subjected to a differential pressure, and this makes it possible to have a substantially zero inertia in the response of the tube movement.
The above-described apparatus have a high degree of operating flexibility, making it possible to use the full performance of a pump, at from 0 to 100%, while also providing for the addition of the emulsifier, with a minimum preset relative value, over a range of adjustment.
It will be appreciated that the diameter of the axial tube is adapted in dependence on the one hand on the maximum required flow rate of the emulsifier and on the other hand on the maximum flow rate or output of the pump. When the pump is not in operation or fluid is not flowing (Figure 4), the tube is completely inserted into the nozzle while when the pump is at maximum output or fluid flow is at a maximum (Figure 4), the tube is disposed totally outside of the nozzle. Thus, the position of the tube will depend on the output flow rate required from the pump and the relative value of the amount of emulsifier to be added to the fluid flow.
WHAT WE CLAIM IS: - 1. Apparatus for adding emulsifier to a flowing fluid, comprising a conduit for carrying said fluid, a convergent-divergent nozzle portion in the conduit, a movable tube extending coaxially within the conduit and having a discharge end portion disposed in the conduit in the region of the nozzle portion, the conicity and diameter of the nozzle portion being adapted to the flow performance in the conduit, a valve arranged to be responsive to the flow of fluid in the conduit, and means operatively connecting the valve assembly to the tube for displacement of the tube relative to the nozzle portion in dependence on the fluid flow in the conduit.
2. Apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said nozzle portion comprises a downstream-divergent wall portion.
3. Apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the discharge end of said tube comprises a downstream-divergent end portion co-operable with the divergent portion of the nozzle portion.
4. Apparatus for adding emulsifier to a flowing fluid, comprising a first conduit portion, means for connecting the first conduit portion to the intake of a pump, means for introducing fluid into the first conduit portion for flow therethrough to the pump, a convergent-divergent nozzle portion in the first conduit portion, a tube extending in the first conduit portion and having a discharge end opening in the region of the nozzle portion for introducing emulsifier into the first conduit portion, the tube being mounted for axial displacement in the conduit portion relative to the nozzle portion, a second conduit portion, means for connecting the second conduit portion to the outlet of the pump for receiving the fluid flow therefrom, a valve member disposed in the second conduit portion and responsive to the fluid flow therein, and means operatively connecting the valve member to the tube whereby displacement of the valve member by the fluid flow pressure thereon produces displacement of the tube in the first conduit portion, thereby to adjust the flow of emulsifier through the tube and into the first conduit portion.
5. Apparatus according to claim 4 wherein said axial displacement of the tube is dependent on the flow rate of fluid required from the pump and the relative value of the amount of emulsifier to be added to the fluid flow.
6. Apparatus according to claim 4 wherein said nozzle portion comprises a downstream-divergent wall portion.
7. Apparatus according to claim 4 wherein said nozzle portion comprises a downstream-convergent wall portion and a downstream-divergent wall portion downstream of the convergent wall portion.
8. Apparatus according to claim 6 wherein the discharge end of said tube comprises a downstream-divergent end portion cooperable with the divergent portion of the nozzle portion.
9. Apparatus according to claim 7 wherein the discharge end of said tube
**WARNING** end of DESC field may overlap start of CLMS **.

Claims (12)

**WARNING** start of CLMS field may overlap end of DESC **. means, for example by a hydraulic control arrangement. Figure 3 diagrammatically shows another embodiment of apparatus according to the invention, which is generally the same as that shown in Figure 1 except that the valve 7 is mounted at the periphery of a rotary flow pump 20. Figure 4 is a diagrammatic view of another embodiment of the apparatus according to the invention, mounted on a conduit 30. In this embodiment the water flows through conduit 30 and into a chamber 31 comprising an outlet conduit 32 forming a downstream-divergent portion 33. Conical end portion 36 of an axial tube 35 is displaceable within the divergent portion 33. The tube 33 is controlled in its axial movement by the valve 37 which is disposed at the outlet end of the conduit 32 and which is held closed on its seat 38 by a spring 39; the valve 37 is thus disposed at the outlet or downstream of the divergent portion 33. In the Figure 4 embodiment, the valve 37 controls displacement of the tube 35 by means of a sliding rod 41. In this embodiment also, when the water flow rate through the conduit 31 is increased, the effect of this is to encourage the axial movement of the tube 35 which is subjected to a differential pressure, and this makes it possible to have a substantially zero inertia in the response of the tube movement. The above-described apparatus have a high degree of operating flexibility, making it possible to use the full performance of a pump, at from 0 to 100%, while also providing for the addition of the emulsifier, with a minimum preset relative value, over a range of adjustment. It will be appreciated that the diameter of the axial tube is adapted in dependence on the one hand on the maximum required flow rate of the emulsifier and on the other hand on the maximum flow rate or output of the pump. When the pump is not in operation or fluid is not flowing (Figure 4), the tube is completely inserted into the nozzle while when the pump is at maximum output or fluid flow is at a maximum (Figure 4), the tube is disposed totally outside of the nozzle. Thus, the position of the tube will depend on the output flow rate required from the pump and the relative value of the amount of emulsifier to be added to the fluid flow. WHAT WE CLAIM IS: -
1. Apparatus for adding emulsifier to a flowing fluid, comprising a conduit for carrying said fluid, a convergent-divergent nozzle portion in the conduit, a movable tube extending coaxially within the conduit and having a discharge end portion disposed in the conduit in the region of the nozzle portion, the conicity and diameter of the nozzle portion being adapted to the flow performance in the conduit, a valve arranged to be responsive to the flow of fluid in the conduit, and means operatively connecting the valve assembly to the tube for displacement of the tube relative to the nozzle portion in dependence on the fluid flow in the conduit.
2. Apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said nozzle portion comprises a downstream-divergent wall portion.
3. Apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the discharge end of said tube comprises a downstream-divergent end portion co-operable with the divergent portion of the nozzle portion.
4. Apparatus for adding emulsifier to a flowing fluid, comprising a first conduit portion, means for connecting the first conduit portion to the intake of a pump, means for introducing fluid into the first conduit portion for flow therethrough to the pump, a convergent-divergent nozzle portion in the first conduit portion, a tube extending in the first conduit portion and having a discharge end opening in the region of the nozzle portion for introducing emulsifier into the first conduit portion, the tube being mounted for axial displacement in the conduit portion relative to the nozzle portion, a second conduit portion, means for connecting the second conduit portion to the outlet of the pump for receiving the fluid flow therefrom, a valve member disposed in the second conduit portion and responsive to the fluid flow therein, and means operatively connecting the valve member to the tube whereby displacement of the valve member by the fluid flow pressure thereon produces displacement of the tube in the first conduit portion, thereby to adjust the flow of emulsifier through the tube and into the first conduit portion.
5. Apparatus according to claim 4 wherein said axial displacement of the tube is dependent on the flow rate of fluid required from the pump and the relative value of the amount of emulsifier to be added to the fluid flow.
6. Apparatus according to claim 4 wherein said nozzle portion comprises a downstream-divergent wall portion.
7. Apparatus according to claim 4 wherein said nozzle portion comprises a downstream-convergent wall portion and a downstream-divergent wall portion downstream of the convergent wall portion.
8. Apparatus according to claim 6 wherein the discharge end of said tube comprises a downstream-divergent end portion cooperable with the divergent portion of the nozzle portion.
9. Apparatus according to claim 7 wherein the discharge end of said tube
comprises a downstream-divergent end portion co-operable with the divergent portion of the nozzle portion.
10. Apparatus according to claim 4 including means for adjusting said connecting means, thereby to modify the operating relationship between said valve and said tube displacement.
11. Apparatus for adding emulsifier to a fluid substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to Figures 1 and 2 or Figure 3 of the accompanying drawings.
12. Apparatus for adding emulsifier to a fluid substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to Figure 4 of the accompanying drawings.
GB3028/78A 1977-01-28 1978-01-25 Apparatus for adding emulsifier to a fluid Expired GB1566682A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR7702372A FR2378558A1 (en) 1977-01-28 1977-01-28 Emulsifier admixture for fire extinguishers - using emulsifier supply tube adjustable by pump delivery valve in venturi intake
FR7801175A FR2414361A2 (en) 1978-01-17 1978-01-17 Emulsifier admixture for fire extinguishers - using emulsifier supply tube adjustable by pump delivery valve in venturi intake

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB1566682A true GB1566682A (en) 1980-05-08

Family

ID=26219825

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB3028/78A Expired GB1566682A (en) 1977-01-28 1978-01-25 Apparatus for adding emulsifier to a fluid

Country Status (5)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS53140898A (en)
CA (1) CA1097608A (en)
DE (1) DE2803390A1 (en)
GB (1) GB1566682A (en)
IT (1) IT1156429B (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1998035599A1 (en) * 1997-02-14 1998-08-20 Moulinex S.A. Cleaning material dispenser for appliance for treating floors and/or glass panes

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2049456B (en) * 1979-03-30 1982-11-03 Solar 77 Spa Emusifying apparatus for immiscible liquids
US7661872B2 (en) * 2007-12-28 2010-02-16 Ray Daniels Apparatus for mixing chemicals with a liquid carrier

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1998035599A1 (en) * 1997-02-14 1998-08-20 Moulinex S.A. Cleaning material dispenser for appliance for treating floors and/or glass panes
FR2759613A1 (en) * 1997-02-14 1998-08-21 Moulinex Sa CLEANING PRODUCT DISPENSER FOR A SOIL AND / OR WINDOW TREATMENT APPARATUS

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA1097608A (en) 1981-03-17
DE2803390A1 (en) 1978-08-03
IT1156429B (en) 1987-02-04
IT7867163A0 (en) 1978-01-27
JPS53140898A (en) 1978-12-08

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Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PS Patent sealed [section 19, patents act 1949]
PCNP Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee