GB1473857A - Membranes - Google Patents
MembranesInfo
- Publication number
- GB1473857A GB1473857A GB5227074A GB5227074A GB1473857A GB 1473857 A GB1473857 A GB 1473857A GB 5227074 A GB5227074 A GB 5227074A GB 5227074 A GB5227074 A GB 5227074A GB 1473857 A GB1473857 A GB 1473857A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- ultrafiltration membrane
- polymer
- anisotropic
- membrane
- membranes
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 title abstract 15
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 abstract 9
- 238000000108 ultra-filtration Methods 0.000 abstract 7
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 abstract 5
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 abstract 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 abstract 3
- 238000001223 reverse osmosis Methods 0.000 abstract 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 3
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 235000011389 fruit/vegetable juice Nutrition 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- KGIGUEBEKRSTEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-vinylpyridine Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=N1 KGIGUEBEKRSTEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- IMXXCDGKNKXXCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,5-diphenyl-7-oxabicyclo[4.1.0]hepta-1(6),2,4-triene Chemical class C=1C=CC=CC=1C1=C2OC2=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 IMXXCDGKNKXXCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 abstract 1
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000005862 Whey Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 102000007544 Whey Proteins Human genes 0.000 abstract 1
- 108010046377 Whey Proteins Proteins 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000502 dialysis Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004070 electrodeposition Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000007590 electrostatic spraying Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000015203 fruit juice Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000001631 haemodialysis Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003295 industrial effluent Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 abstract 1
- 102000039446 nucleic acids Human genes 0.000 abstract 1
- 108020004707 nucleic acids Proteins 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000007523 nucleic acids Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 210000002381 plasma Anatomy 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920000090 poly(aryl ether) Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920000412 polyarylene Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- -1 polydimethylphenylene Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920000867 polyelectrolyte Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 abstract 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 abstract 1
- 125000001453 quaternary ammonium group Chemical group 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000000346 sugar Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000008163 sugars Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 125000001174 sulfone group Chemical group 0.000 abstract 1
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfonic acid Chemical group OS(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000003673 urethanes Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 abstract 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D69/12—Composite membranes; Ultra-thin membranes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D71/06—Organic material
- B01D71/76—Macromolecular material not specifically provided for in a single one of groups B01D71/08 - B01D71/74
- B01D71/80—Block polymers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/08—Processes
- C08G18/0804—Manufacture of polymers containing ionic or ionogenic groups
- C08G18/0809—Manufacture of polymers containing ionic or ionogenic groups containing cationic or cationogenic groups
- C08G18/0814—Manufacture of polymers containing ionic or ionogenic groups containing cationic or cationogenic groups containing ammonium groups or groups forming them
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G81/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by interreacting polymers in the absence of monomers, e.g. block polymers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G2340/00—Filter material
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
- Macromolecular Compounds Obtained By Forming Nitrogen-Containing Linkages In General (AREA)
- Paints Or Removers (AREA)
- Processes Of Treating Macromolecular Substances (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
Abstract
1473857 Semi-permeable membranes RHONE-POULENC INDUSTRIES 3 Dec 1974 [4 Dec 1973] 52270/74 Heading B1X and B2E A semi-permeable composite membrane comprises a) a polymeric outer skin which is insoluble in water and active in reverse osmosis or gas permeation and b) an anisotropic ultrafiltration membrane which may be flat, tubular, spiral, conical or a solid or hollow cord, the polymer which forms the skin having a molecular weight sufficiently high as to allow the anisotropic ultrafiltration membrane to possess a degree of rejection of 100% with respect to solutions of this polymer and the outer skin a) being in contact with at least the less porous side of the anisotropic ultrafiltration membrane. An anisotropic ultrafiltration membrane is one which possesses a porosity gradient going from one surface to another. The outer skin preferably has a cut off zone of 500-10000 and a thickness of less than 1Á. The principal constituent of the anisotropic ultrafiltration membrane is preferably a complex polyelectrolyte derived from a polymer containing sulphonic acid groups and a polymer containing quaternary ammonium groups. A suitable polymer is the reaction product of a copolymer of acrylonitrile and methylallylsulphonic acid or a salt thereof and a copolymer of acrylonitrile and a quaternised vinyl pyridine. Many other suitable polymers are described. The polymer active in reverse osmosis may be a polyhydroxyether treated first with an epihalohydrin and then with a tertiary amine or a sulphonated polyarylether sulphone. The polymer active in gas permeation is a polyvinyltrialkylsilane, optionally chlorinated or sulphonated polyarylene oxides, polydimethylphenylene and diphenylphenylene oxides, polyether urethanes and polyamides. A reinforcement may be embedded in the anisotropic ultrafiltration membrane, e.g. a woven fabric, knitted fabric, a net or paper. Gases most frequently involved in gas permeation operations are O 2 , N 2 , H 2 , He, CO 2 , CO, CH 4 and H 2 S. The composite membranes may be prepared by coating an anisotropic ultrafiltration membrane with an organic solvent solution of a polymer active in reverse osmosis or gas permeation and evaporating the solvent. In the case of hyperfiltration membranes, partial evaporation is followed by coagulation in a non solvent, e.g. water. Coating (of one or both faces of the membrane) may be by dipping or passing the anisotropic membrane against a drum or roller partially immersed in the coating solution. Spraying, electrodeposition, electrostatic spraying and, in the cases of tubes, moving a cylindrical article through the tube pushing the solution to be deposited. The membranes may be used to fractionate sea water, brackish water, industrial effluent such as that from catalytic reactions or metal extraction, solutions of transition metals or heavy metals, sugars, enzymes, proteins, nucleic acids and other heat labile products. They may also be used to fractionate nutrient juices, fruit juices, meat juices, milk, whey, blood plasma, dialysis baths used in haemodialysis and ultrafiltrates from blood.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR7343242A FR2252862B1 (en) | 1973-12-04 | 1973-12-04 | |
| FR7426738A FR2280684A1 (en) | 1973-12-04 | 1974-08-01 | POLYELECTROLYTE PREPARATION PROCESS |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB1473857A true GB1473857A (en) | 1977-05-18 |
Family
ID=26218065
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB5226574A Expired GB1463175A (en) | 1973-12-04 | 1974-12-03 | Process for preparing complex polyelectrolytes |
| GB5227074A Expired GB1473857A (en) | 1973-12-04 | 1974-12-03 | Membranes |
Family Applications Before (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB5226574A Expired GB1463175A (en) | 1973-12-04 | 1974-12-03 | Process for preparing complex polyelectrolytes |
Country Status (14)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS50105735A (en) |
| BE (2) | BE822901A (en) |
| BR (1) | BR7410097A (en) |
| CH (1) | CH589678A5 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE2457328A1 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK627974A (en) |
| ES (1) | ES432558A1 (en) |
| FR (2) | FR2252862B1 (en) |
| GB (2) | GB1463175A (en) |
| IL (1) | IL46177A (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1026766B (en) |
| LU (2) | LU71412A1 (en) |
| NL (2) | NL7415424A (en) |
| SU (1) | SU575034A3 (en) |
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0084768A1 (en) * | 1982-01-15 | 1983-08-03 | Uop Inc. | Continuous production of polymethylpentene membranes |
| EP0175668A1 (en) * | 1984-08-13 | 1986-03-26 | Monsanto Company | Composite fluid separation membranes |
| US4717395A (en) * | 1986-08-07 | 1988-01-05 | The Dow Chemical Company | Gas separations using membranes comprising sulphonated polyether sulphone |
| EP0286091A2 (en) * | 1987-04-08 | 1988-10-12 | Praxair Technology, Inc. | Composite membranes for enhanced fluid separation |
| EP0359834A1 (en) * | 1987-07-10 | 1990-03-28 | Praxair Technology, Inc. | Manufacture and use of composite membranes |
| US4990252A (en) * | 1987-02-04 | 1991-02-05 | Hydanautics | Stable membranes from sulfonated polyarylethers |
| US5980746A (en) * | 1996-11-14 | 1999-11-09 | Pall Corporation | Membrane and methods of preparing and using same |
| US6026968A (en) * | 1996-05-13 | 2000-02-22 | Nitto Denko Corporation | Reverse osmosis composite membrane |
| US10384167B2 (en) | 2013-11-21 | 2019-08-20 | Oasys Water LLC | Systems and methods for improving performance of osmotically driven membrane systems |
| US11872532B2 (en) | 2018-09-05 | 2024-01-16 | Campbell Membrane Technologies, Inc. | Ultrafiltration membranes for dairy protein separation |
Families Citing this family (17)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2286851A1 (en) * | 1974-10-02 | 1976-04-30 | Inst Nat Rech Chimique | Semi-permeable membranes of crosslinked, opt. substd. polyacrylamide - for sepn. of organic or inorganic cpds. from aqueous solns. |
| US4005012A (en) * | 1975-09-22 | 1977-01-25 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Interior | Semipermeable membranes and the method for the preparation thereof |
| LU76955A1 (en) * | 1977-03-15 | 1978-10-18 | ||
| US4125462A (en) * | 1977-08-30 | 1978-11-14 | Rohm And Haas Company | Coated membranes |
| JPS5554004A (en) * | 1978-10-18 | 1980-04-21 | Teijin Ltd | Selective permeable membrane and its manufacturing |
| DE3170223D1 (en) * | 1981-01-13 | 1985-06-05 | Teijin Ltd | Ion-permeable composite membrane and its use in selective separation |
| LU83350A1 (en) * | 1981-05-08 | 1983-03-24 | Oreal | COMPOSITION FOR THE TREATMENT OF KERATINIC FIBERS BASED ON CATIONIC POLYMER AND ANIONIC POLYMER HAVING VINYLSULFONIC GROUPS AND METHOD OF TREATING THE SAME |
| US4707266A (en) * | 1982-02-05 | 1987-11-17 | Pall Corporation | Polyamide membrane with controlled surface properties |
| CH656626A5 (en) * | 1982-02-05 | 1986-07-15 | Pall Corp | POLYAMIDE MEMBRANE HAVING CONTROLLED SURFACE PROPERTIES, ITS USE AND ITS PREPARATION METHOD. |
| US4427419A (en) * | 1982-03-12 | 1984-01-24 | The Standard Oil Company | Semipermeable membranes prepared from polymers containing pendent sulfone groups |
| US4539373A (en) * | 1982-07-12 | 1985-09-03 | The Dow Chemical Company | Thermoplastic polyelectrolyte complexes |
| JP2694341B2 (en) * | 1987-02-04 | 1997-12-24 | ハイドロノーティクス | Improved oxidation resistant film and method of manufacturing the same |
| JPH01215348A (en) * | 1988-02-25 | 1989-08-29 | Asahi Glass Co Ltd | Cation exchanger |
| DE4428641A1 (en) * | 1994-08-12 | 1996-02-15 | Basf Ag | Mesomorphic complexes of polyelectrolytes and surfactants, processes for their production as well as films, foils, fibers, moldings and coatings from them |
| DE19841404C2 (en) * | 1998-09-10 | 2000-12-21 | Basf Coatings Ag | Solids based on mesomorphic polyelectrolyte complexes, process for their preparation and their use |
| JP5431478B2 (en) * | 2008-08-05 | 2014-03-05 | ポリマーズ シーアールシー リミテッド | Functionalized thin film polyamide film |
| WO2017029813A1 (en) | 2015-08-20 | 2017-02-23 | 日本ゼオン株式会社 | Binder composition for nonaqueous secondary batteries, composition for nonaqueous secondary battery functional layers, functional layer for nonaqueous secondary batteries, and nonaqueous secondary battery |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR1493044A (en) * | 1966-07-13 | 1967-08-25 | New non-rubbery copolymers | |
| BE785741A (en) * | 1971-07-02 | 1973-01-02 | Rhone Poulenc Sa | POLYELECTROLYTES |
-
1973
- 1973-12-04 FR FR7343242A patent/FR2252862B1/fr not_active Expired
-
1974
- 1974-08-01 FR FR7426738A patent/FR2280684A1/en active Granted
- 1974-11-26 NL NL7415424A patent/NL7415424A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1974-11-26 NL NL7415419A patent/NL7415419A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1974-12-03 BR BR10097/74A patent/BR7410097A/en unknown
- 1974-12-03 IL IL46177A patent/IL46177A/en unknown
- 1974-12-03 LU LU71412A patent/LU71412A1/xx unknown
- 1974-12-03 DK DK627974A patent/DK627974A/da unknown
- 1974-12-03 GB GB5226574A patent/GB1463175A/en not_active Expired
- 1974-12-03 LU LU71413A patent/LU71413A1/xx unknown
- 1974-12-03 SU SU7402082929A patent/SU575034A3/en active
- 1974-12-03 BE BE151114A patent/BE822901A/en unknown
- 1974-12-03 JP JP49139351A patent/JPS50105735A/ja active Pending
- 1974-12-03 CH CH1604474A patent/CH589678A5/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1974-12-03 IT IT30150/74A patent/IT1026766B/en active
- 1974-12-03 GB GB5227074A patent/GB1473857A/en not_active Expired
- 1974-12-03 BE BE151115A patent/BE822902A/en unknown
- 1974-12-04 DE DE19742457328 patent/DE2457328A1/en active Pending
- 1974-12-04 DE DE2457355A patent/DE2457355C3/en not_active Expired
- 1974-12-04 ES ES432558A patent/ES432558A1/en not_active Expired
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0084768A1 (en) * | 1982-01-15 | 1983-08-03 | Uop Inc. | Continuous production of polymethylpentene membranes |
| EP0175668A1 (en) * | 1984-08-13 | 1986-03-26 | Monsanto Company | Composite fluid separation membranes |
| US4717395A (en) * | 1986-08-07 | 1988-01-05 | The Dow Chemical Company | Gas separations using membranes comprising sulphonated polyether sulphone |
| US4990252A (en) * | 1987-02-04 | 1991-02-05 | Hydanautics | Stable membranes from sulfonated polyarylethers |
| EP0286091A2 (en) * | 1987-04-08 | 1988-10-12 | Praxair Technology, Inc. | Composite membranes for enhanced fluid separation |
| EP0286091A3 (en) * | 1987-04-08 | 1990-01-31 | Union Carbide Corporation | Composite membranes for enhanced fluid separation |
| EP0359834A1 (en) * | 1987-07-10 | 1990-03-28 | Praxair Technology, Inc. | Manufacture and use of composite membranes |
| US6026968A (en) * | 1996-05-13 | 2000-02-22 | Nitto Denko Corporation | Reverse osmosis composite membrane |
| US5980746A (en) * | 1996-11-14 | 1999-11-09 | Pall Corporation | Membrane and methods of preparing and using same |
| US10384167B2 (en) | 2013-11-21 | 2019-08-20 | Oasys Water LLC | Systems and methods for improving performance of osmotically driven membrane systems |
| US11872532B2 (en) | 2018-09-05 | 2024-01-16 | Campbell Membrane Technologies, Inc. | Ultrafiltration membranes for dairy protein separation |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2280684A1 (en) | 1976-02-27 |
| BE822902A (en) | 1975-06-03 |
| FR2280684B1 (en) | 1977-03-18 |
| DE2457328A1 (en) | 1975-06-05 |
| DE2457355C3 (en) | 1980-04-03 |
| FR2252862B1 (en) | 1978-10-27 |
| JPS50105735A (en) | 1975-08-20 |
| CH589678A5 (en) | 1977-07-15 |
| FR2252862A1 (en) | 1975-06-27 |
| IL46177A0 (en) | 1975-03-13 |
| SU575034A3 (en) | 1977-09-30 |
| IT1026766B (en) | 1978-10-20 |
| GB1463175A (en) | 1977-02-02 |
| IL46177A (en) | 1977-05-31 |
| DE2457355A1 (en) | 1975-06-05 |
| ES432558A1 (en) | 1977-03-01 |
| LU71412A1 (en) | 1975-08-20 |
| DE2457355B2 (en) | 1979-08-02 |
| DK627974A (en) | 1975-07-28 |
| NL7415424A (en) | 1975-06-06 |
| LU71413A1 (en) | 1975-08-20 |
| BE822901A (en) | 1975-06-03 |
| NL7415419A (en) | 1975-06-06 |
| BR7410097A (en) | 1976-06-08 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PS | Patent sealed [section 19, patents act 1949] | ||
| PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |