GB1326489A - Reverse osmosis membranes - Google Patents
Reverse osmosis membranesInfo
- Publication number
- GB1326489A GB1326489A GB4043371A GB1326489DA GB1326489A GB 1326489 A GB1326489 A GB 1326489A GB 4043371 A GB4043371 A GB 4043371A GB 1326489D A GB1326489D A GB 1326489DA GB 1326489 A GB1326489 A GB 1326489A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- atoms
- cellulose
- group contains
- membrane
- ethers
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 title abstract 9
- 238000001223 reverse osmosis Methods 0.000 title abstract 3
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 abstract 7
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 abstract 5
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 abstract 5
- 125000002768 hydroxyalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 abstract 4
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 3
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 abstract 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol A Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- -1 hydroxyalkyl ethers Chemical class 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- KGRVJHAUYBGFFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2'-Methylenebis(4-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol) Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC(C)=CC(CC=2C(=C(C=C(C)C=2)C(C)(C)C)O)=C1O KGRVJHAUYBGFFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- LBLYYCQCTBFVLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Methylbenzenesulfonic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1S(O)(=O)=O LBLYYCQCTBFVLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 241000208140 Acer Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 241000207199 Citrus Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000005057 Hexamethylene diisocyanate Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000020 Nitrocellulose Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920000538 Poly[(phenyl isocyanate)-co-formaldehyde] Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000005862 Whey Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 102000007544 Whey Proteins Human genes 0.000 abstract 1
- 108010046377 Whey Proteins Proteins 0.000 abstract 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 abstract 1
- 125000004103 aminoalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 abstract 1
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920002301 cellulose acetate Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000020971 citrus fruits Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000016213 coffee Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000013353 coffee beverage Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- GYZLOYUZLJXAJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N diglycidyl ether Chemical compound C1OC1COCC1CO1 GYZLOYUZLJXAJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000002118 epoxides Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000011389 fruit/vegetable juice Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylene diisocyanate Chemical compound O=C=NCCCCCCN=C=O RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 125000005181 hydroxyalkylaminoalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000021577 malt beverage Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N melamine Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920001220 nitrocellulos Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- QUBQYFYWUJJAAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxymethurea Chemical compound OCNC(=O)NCO QUBQYFYWUJJAAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 229950005308 oxymethurea Drugs 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003265 pulping liquor Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000014347 soups Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L sulfite Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000006188 syrup Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000020357 syrup Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 229940066768 systemic antihistamines aminoalkyl ethers Drugs 0.000 abstract 1
- DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene 2,4-diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1N=C=O DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 abstract 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D71/06—Organic material
- B01D71/08—Polysaccharides
- B01D71/12—Cellulose derivatives
- B01D71/22—Cellulose ethers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D67/00—Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
- B01D67/0081—After-treatment of organic or inorganic membranes
- B01D67/0093—Chemical modification
- B01D67/00931—Chemical modification by introduction of specific groups after membrane formation, e.g. by grafting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D69/08—Hollow fibre membranes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D69/12—Composite membranes; Ultra-thin membranes
- B01D69/1214—Chemically bonded layers, e.g. cross-linking
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08B—POLYSACCHARIDES; DERIVATIVES THEREOF
- C08B11/00—Preparation of cellulose ethers
- C08B11/02—Alkyl or cycloalkyl ethers
- C08B11/04—Alkyl or cycloalkyl ethers with substituted hydrocarbon radicals
- C08B11/08—Alkyl or cycloalkyl ethers with substituted hydrocarbon radicals with hydroxylated hydrocarbon radicals; Esters, ethers, or acetals thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L1/00—Compositions of cellulose, modified cellulose or cellulose derivatives
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/24—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like with a hollow structure; Spinnerette packs therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2323/00—Details relating to membrane preparation
- B01D2323/30—Cross-linking
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/02—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration ; Nanofiltration
- B01D61/025—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
- Y02A20/131—Reverse-osmosis
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Transplantation (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
Abstract
1326489 Reverse osmosis membranes HERCULES Inc 27 Aug 1971 40433/71 Heading B5B [Also in Division B1] A reverse osmosis membrane comprises a sheet or hollow fibre of a cross-linked derivative of cellulose selected from: (a) hydroxyalkyl ethers of cellulose in which the hydroxyalkyl group has 2-6 C atoms; (b) mixed ethers of (a) in which the hydroxyalkyls contain an average of 2-6 C atoms; (c) mixed hydroxyalkyl-alkyl and mixed hydroxylalkyl-aralkyl ethers of cellulose in which the hydroxyalkyl group contains 2-6 C atoms, the alkyl group contains 1-6 C atoms and the aralkyl group contains 7-12 C atoms; (d) mixed hydroxy alkyl-aminoalkyl ethers of cellulose in which the hydroxyalkyl group contains 2-6 C atoms and the aminoalkyl group contains 2-10 C atoms; and wherein the degree of polymerization is from 25-5000, the degree of substitution is at least two. The derivatives are made by reacting cellulose with the appropriate epoxide (specified). Crosslinking may be effected with, e.g. dimethylolurea, ethylenedimethylolurea, hexamethylene diisocyanate, 2,4 - toluene diisocyanate, methylene bis - 4 - phenyl isocyanate, polymethylenepolyphenyl isocyanate, polyhydroxymethyl melamine, diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A or the triglycidyl ether of glycerol. Toluene sulphonic acid and dibutylin diacetate may catalize the cross-linking. The cross-linking may vary in amount through the membrane. If in the form of hollow fibres the membranes may be vacuum drying and extruding at 200 F. inlet temperature, 300 F. die temperature. The melt is extruded at a 2 : 1 compression ratio through a one hole die equipped with a pin for admitting nitrogen into the centre of the fibre during extrusion. If in sheet form the membrane is supported on a microporous substrate, e.g. of nylon cellulose acetate, P.V.C., nitrocellulose, metals, or P.T.F.E. The membrane may be multilayered. The substrate is pre-wetted before the membrane material is cast or laid upon it. The membranes are used for desalination of brackish or sea water or concentration of maple syrup, citrus juice, whey, coffee, soup, malt beverages or spent sulphite pulping liquors.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB4043371 | 1971-08-27 | ||
| FR7131758A FR2151540A5 (en) | 1971-08-27 | 1971-09-02 | |
| DE2146156A DE2146156A1 (en) | 1971-08-27 | 1971-09-15 | MEMBRANE FOR REVERSE OSMOSIS |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB1326489A true GB1326489A (en) | 1973-08-15 |
Family
ID=27183708
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB4043371A Expired GB1326489A (en) | 1971-08-27 | 1971-08-27 | Reverse osmosis membranes |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE2146156A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2151540A5 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1326489A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4418831A1 (en) * | 1994-05-30 | 1995-12-07 | Sartorius Gmbh | Hydrophilic porous cellulose hydrate membrane crosslinked with water-sol di:epoxide, |
| DE4418832A1 (en) * | 1994-05-30 | 1995-12-07 | Sartorius Gmbh | Use of hydrophilic porous membrane of crosslinked cellulose hydrate |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NZ180198A (en) * | 1976-03-04 | 1978-11-13 | New Zealand Dev Finance | Cationic ion exchanger with a cross-linked carbohydrate marix |
| CN115770477B (en) * | 2021-09-08 | 2024-07-02 | 天津工业大学 | Preparation method of beta-cyclodextrin modified sodium hyaluronate composite nanofiltration membrane |
-
1971
- 1971-08-27 GB GB4043371A patent/GB1326489A/en not_active Expired
- 1971-09-02 FR FR7131758A patent/FR2151540A5/fr not_active Expired
- 1971-09-15 DE DE2146156A patent/DE2146156A1/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4418831A1 (en) * | 1994-05-30 | 1995-12-07 | Sartorius Gmbh | Hydrophilic porous cellulose hydrate membrane crosslinked with water-sol di:epoxide, |
| DE4418832A1 (en) * | 1994-05-30 | 1995-12-07 | Sartorius Gmbh | Use of hydrophilic porous membrane of crosslinked cellulose hydrate |
| DE4418831C2 (en) * | 1994-05-30 | 1998-01-29 | Sartorius Gmbh | Cross-linked cellulose hydrate membranes and process for their manufacture |
| DE4418832C2 (en) * | 1994-05-30 | 1998-01-29 | Sartorius Gmbh | Use of hydrophilic, porous membranes made of cross-linked cellulose hydrate for the filtration of biotechnologically produced liquid media and beverages |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2151540A5 (en) | 1973-04-20 |
| DE2146156A1 (en) | 1973-03-22 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PS | Patent sealed [section 19, patents act 1949] | ||
| PLNP | Patent lapsed through nonpayment of renewal fees |