GB1156481A - Thiophene Flavouring Agents - Google Patents

Thiophene Flavouring Agents

Info

Publication number
GB1156481A
GB1156481A GB2382/69A GB238269A GB1156481A GB 1156481 A GB1156481 A GB 1156481A GB 2382/69 A GB2382/69 A GB 2382/69A GB 238269 A GB238269 A GB 238269A GB 1156481 A GB1156481 A GB 1156481A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
thienyl
product
ether
thiophene
firmenich
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
GB2382/69A
Inventor
M Winter
F Gautschi
I Flament
M Stoll
I M Goldman
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Firmenich SA
Original Assignee
Firmenich SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Firmenich SA filed Critical Firmenich SA
Priority claimed from GB09260/66A external-priority patent/GB1156472A/en
Publication of GB1156481A publication Critical patent/GB1156481A/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D207/00Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
    • C07D207/02Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
    • C07D207/30Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having two double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D207/32Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having two double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with only hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
    • C07D207/33Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having two double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with only hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms with substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
    • C07D207/333Radicals substituted by oxygen or sulfur atoms
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23FCOFFEE; TEA; THEIR SUBSTITUTES; MANUFACTURE, PREPARATION, OR INFUSION THEREOF
    • A23F5/00Coffee; Coffee substitutes; Preparations thereof
    • A23F5/46Coffee flavour; Coffee oil; Flavouring of coffee or coffee extract
    • A23F5/465Flavouring with flavours other than natural coffee flavour or coffee oil
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23LFOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L2/00Non-alcoholic beverages; Dry compositions or concentrates therefor; Their preparation
    • A23L2/52Adding ingredients
    • A23L2/56Flavouring or bittering agents
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23LFOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L27/00Spices; Flavouring agents or condiments; Artificial sweetening agents; Table salts; Dietetic salt substitutes; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A23L27/20Synthetic spices, flavouring agents or condiments
    • A23L27/204Aromatic compounds
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23LFOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L27/00Spices; Flavouring agents or condiments; Artificial sweetening agents; Table salts; Dietetic salt substitutes; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A23L27/20Synthetic spices, flavouring agents or condiments
    • A23L27/205Heterocyclic compounds
    • A23L27/2052Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen or sulfur as the only hetero atoms
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23LFOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L27/00Spices; Flavouring agents or condiments; Artificial sweetening agents; Table salts; Dietetic salt substitutes; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A23L27/20Synthetic spices, flavouring agents or condiments
    • A23L27/205Heterocyclic compounds
    • A23L27/2054Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as the only hetero atom
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23LFOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L27/00Spices; Flavouring agents or condiments; Artificial sweetening agents; Table salts; Dietetic salt substitutes; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A23L27/20Synthetic spices, flavouring agents or condiments
    • A23L27/205Heterocyclic compounds
    • A23L27/2056Heterocyclic compounds having at least two different hetero atoms, at least one being a nitrogen atom
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    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C45/00Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds
    • C07C45/61Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by reactions not involving the formation of >C = O groups
    • C07C45/67Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by reactions not involving the formation of >C = O groups by isomerisation; by change of size of the carbon skeleton
    • C07C45/68Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by reactions not involving the formation of >C = O groups by isomerisation; by change of size of the carbon skeleton by increase in the number of carbon atoms
    • C07C45/72Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by reactions not involving the formation of >C = O groups by isomerisation; by change of size of the carbon skeleton by increase in the number of carbon atoms by reaction of compounds containing >C = O groups with the same or other compounds containing >C = O groups
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    • C07D213/24Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring carbon atoms
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    • C07D213/60Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
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    • C07D213/04Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
    • C07D213/60Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
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    • C07D241/14Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,4-diazine or hydrogenated 1,4-diazine rings not condensed with other rings having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
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    • C07D277/22Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-thiazole or hydrogenated 1,3-thiazole rings not condensed with other rings having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with only hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
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    • C07D333/38Carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals

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  • Plural Heterocyclic Compounds (AREA)
  • Thiazole And Isothizaole Compounds (AREA)
  • Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
  • Tea And Coffee (AREA)
  • Pyrrole Compounds (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
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  • Saccharide Compounds (AREA)
  • Liquid Crystal Substances (AREA)
  • Heterocyclic Carbon Compounds Containing A Hetero Ring Having Oxygen Or Sulfur (AREA)
  • Heterocyclic Compounds Containing Sulfur Atoms (AREA)
  • Pyridine Compounds (AREA)
  • Furan Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

1,156,481. Thienyl derivatives. R. FIRMENICH, G. FIRMENICH, R. E. FIRMENICH, and F. H. FIRMENICH, [trading as FIRMENICH & CIE.]. 2 May, 1966 [30 April, 1965; 18 April, 1966], No. 2382/69. Divided out of 1,156,472. Heading C2C. [Also in Division A2] Dithenyl ether.-To a suspension of 1À32 g. (0À01 mole) of chloromethylthiophene [obtained by the method of F. F. BLICKE, J.A.C.S. 64, 477 (1942)] and 1À2 g. (0À02 mole) of powdered potassium hydroxide in 10 ml. of ether there is added a solution of 3À5 g. (0À03 mole) of thienyl alcohol in 10 ml. of ether. The reaction mixture is stirred for 1 hour at room temperature, then refluxed for 30 minutes and finally allowed to stand over night. After filtration the ethereal solution is concentrated and the residue fractionally distilled. There is obtained 0À22 g. (10%) of dithenyl ether having a b.p. of 99‹ C./0À01 mm. Hg. and a m.p. of 36À5‹ C. Furfuryl thienyl ether is obtained by the same method but using furfuryl alcohol instead of thienyl alcohol. The product thus obtained had a b.p. of 50‹ C./0À01 mm. Hg. The two following compounds can be obtained by reacting thionyl chloride with the corresponding alkoxides according to the method described in J.A.C.S. 77, 6709 (1955). isoamyl thiophene-2-carboxylate, b.p. 79- 80‹ C./0À3 mm. Hg. Furfuryl thiophene-2-carboxylate, b.p. 109‹ C./ 0À07 mm. Hg. Thienylthiol acetate was prepared by the same method as used for furfurylthiol acetate in co-pending Application No. 2375/69. The product is a colourless liquid having a b.p. of 113-114‹ C. 2 - (Thienyl - 2) - ethanethiol.-2 - Vinyl-thiophene [obtained by the method described in Org. Synth. 38, 86 (1958)] was reacted with thioacetic acid according to the method described in J. Org. Chem. 27, 2853 (1962), and the resulting addition product was subjected to hydrolysis with an acid. The product has a b.p. of 55‹ C./0À1 mm. Hg. 2 - (Thienyl - 2) - ethanethiol acetate was obtained as the intermediate product obtained by reacting 2-vinyl-thiophene with thioacetic acid in the preparation of the compound above. The product has a b.p. of 90‹ C./0À07 mm. Hg. Dithenyl sulphide was prepared by the same method as used for dithenyl ether, except that thienylmercaptan was used instead of thienyl alcohol. The product has a b.p. of 118‹ C./ 0À04 mm. Hg. Thienyl formate, b.p. 87-88‹ C./15 mm. Hg. and Thienyl acetate, b.p. 91‹ C./12 mm. Hg., are obtained by acylation of 2-thienyl alcohol, which is prepared by reducing thiophene 2- aldehyde according to the method described in J. Org. Chem. 15, 790 (1950). Acylation with mixed formic and acetic anhydrides according to the method described in J.A.C.S. 69, 1583 (1942) gives thienyl formate, whilst acylation with acetic anhydride gives thienyl acetate.
GB2382/69A 1965-04-30 1966-05-02 Thiophene Flavouring Agents Expired GB1156481A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US45234265A 1965-04-30 1965-04-30
US54306966A 1966-04-18 1966-04-18
GB09260/66A GB1156472A (en) 1965-04-30 1966-05-02 Pyrazine Hydrocarbons

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GB1156481A true GB1156481A (en) 1969-06-25

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Family Applications (17)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB2383/69A Expired GB1156482A (en) 1965-04-30 1966-05-02 Pyrrole Flavouring Agents
GB2384/69A Expired GB1156483A (en) 1965-04-30 1966-05-02 Pyridine Flavouring Agents
GB2385/69A Expired GB1156484A (en) 1965-04-30 1966-05-02 Pyrazine Flavouring Agents
GB2379/69A Expired GB1156478A (en) 1965-04-30 1966-05-02 Heterocyclic Carbonyl Compounds
GB2386/69A Expired GB1156485A (en) 1965-04-30 1966-05-02 Thiazole Flavouring Agents
GB2391/69A Expired GB1156490A (en) 1965-04-30 1966-05-02 Pyrone Flavouring Agents
GB2376/69A Expired GB1156475A (en) 1965-04-30 1966-05-02 Sulphur-Containing Derivatives of 6-Membered Heterocyclic Compounds
GB2380/69A Expired GB1156479A (en) 1965-04-30 1966-05-02 Aromatic Hydrocarbon Flavouring Agents
GB2381/69A Expired GB1156480A (en) 1965-04-30 1966-05-02 Furan Flavouring Agents
GB2389/69A Expired GB1156488A (en) 1965-04-30 1966-05-02 Phenolic Flavouring Agents
GB2382/69A Expired GB1156481A (en) 1965-04-30 1966-05-02 Thiophene Flavouring Agents
GB2378/69A Expired GB1156477A (en) 1965-04-30 1966-05-02 Pyrrole Aldehydes
GB2390/69A Expired GB1156489A (en) 1965-04-30 1966-05-02 Alcoholic Flavouring Agents
GB2375/69A Expired GB1156474A (en) 1965-04-30 1966-05-02 Sulphur-Containing Derivatives of 5-Membered Heterocyclic, Compounds
GB2374/69A Expired GB1156473A (en) 1965-04-30 1966-05-02 Thiazole Alcohols
GB2387/69A Expired GB1156486A (en) 1965-04-30 1966-05-02 Ketonic Flavouring Agents
GB2377/69A Expired GB1156476A (en) 1965-04-30 1966-05-02 Alpha, Beta-Diketones

Family Applications Before (10)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB2383/69A Expired GB1156482A (en) 1965-04-30 1966-05-02 Pyrrole Flavouring Agents
GB2384/69A Expired GB1156483A (en) 1965-04-30 1966-05-02 Pyridine Flavouring Agents
GB2385/69A Expired GB1156484A (en) 1965-04-30 1966-05-02 Pyrazine Flavouring Agents
GB2379/69A Expired GB1156478A (en) 1965-04-30 1966-05-02 Heterocyclic Carbonyl Compounds
GB2386/69A Expired GB1156485A (en) 1965-04-30 1966-05-02 Thiazole Flavouring Agents
GB2391/69A Expired GB1156490A (en) 1965-04-30 1966-05-02 Pyrone Flavouring Agents
GB2376/69A Expired GB1156475A (en) 1965-04-30 1966-05-02 Sulphur-Containing Derivatives of 6-Membered Heterocyclic Compounds
GB2380/69A Expired GB1156479A (en) 1965-04-30 1966-05-02 Aromatic Hydrocarbon Flavouring Agents
GB2381/69A Expired GB1156480A (en) 1965-04-30 1966-05-02 Furan Flavouring Agents
GB2389/69A Expired GB1156488A (en) 1965-04-30 1966-05-02 Phenolic Flavouring Agents

Family Applications After (6)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB2378/69A Expired GB1156477A (en) 1965-04-30 1966-05-02 Pyrrole Aldehydes
GB2390/69A Expired GB1156489A (en) 1965-04-30 1966-05-02 Alcoholic Flavouring Agents
GB2375/69A Expired GB1156474A (en) 1965-04-30 1966-05-02 Sulphur-Containing Derivatives of 5-Membered Heterocyclic, Compounds
GB2374/69A Expired GB1156473A (en) 1965-04-30 1966-05-02 Thiazole Alcohols
GB2387/69A Expired GB1156486A (en) 1965-04-30 1966-05-02 Ketonic Flavouring Agents
GB2377/69A Expired GB1156476A (en) 1965-04-30 1966-05-02 Alpha, Beta-Diketones

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GB (17) GB1156482A (en)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0043486A2 (en) * 1980-07-04 1982-01-13 Haarmann & Reimer Gmbh Flavouring agent for animal food
EP0219146A1 (en) * 1985-09-16 1987-04-22 Naarden International N.V. Substituted thiophenes, flavouring and perfuming compositions, perfumed products containing them
US5368876A (en) * 1985-09-16 1994-11-29 Naarden-International N.V. Flavoring and perfume compositions and flavored and perfumed products which contain one or more substituted thiophenes
US5554588A (en) * 1991-11-08 1996-09-10 Lever Brothers Company, Division Of Conopco, Inc. Perfume compositions

Families Citing this family (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE755421A (en) * 1969-08-29 1971-03-01 Gen Foods Corp ENHANCEMENT OF THE TASTE OF FOOD
US3767428A (en) * 1970-08-03 1973-10-23 Int Flavors & Fragrances Inc Process of flavoring of foodstufs with 2-acetyl-3-ethylpyrazine
BE786192A (en) * 1971-07-12 1973-01-12 Int Flavors & Fragrances Inc SEASONING COMPOSITIONS CONTAINING ALPHA-KETOTHIOLS AND THEIR METHOD OF USE
FR2345090A1 (en) * 1976-03-26 1977-10-21 Gen Foods Corp Reducing stimulating activity of methyl-xanthines in food - by adding pyridine antagonists pref. nicotinic acid
CH643733A5 (en) * 1980-02-06 1984-06-29 Firmenich & Cie NITROGENATED HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS AS PERFUMING INGREDIENTS.
DE3915450A1 (en) * 1989-05-11 1990-11-15 Gerd Prof Dr Dannhardt SUBSTITUTED PYRROL COMPOUNDS AND THEIR USE IN PHARMACY
US5260451A (en) * 1989-05-11 1993-11-09 Merckle Gmbh Substituted pyrrole compounds and use thereof in pharmaceutical compositions
EP0470391B1 (en) * 1990-08-10 1995-08-23 Firmenich Sa Use of pyridines as perfume or aroma ingredients
FR2687672B1 (en) * 1992-02-20 1995-05-12 Atochem Elf Sa NOVEL SULFUR ACRYLIC DERIVATIVES AND THEIR PREPARATION PROCESS.
DE69507382T2 (en) * 1994-06-21 2009-09-17 Firmenich S.A. Use of an alkyl-substituted pyridine as a fragrance
WO2009017412A1 (en) * 2007-08-01 2009-02-05 Koninklijke Coöperatie Cosun U.A. Sugar proces-derived aroma composition and its preparation and use
EP2128227A1 (en) * 2008-05-19 2009-12-02 Furanix Technologies B.V Monosubstituted furan derivatives via decarboxylation and use thereof as (aviation) fuel

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0043486A2 (en) * 1980-07-04 1982-01-13 Haarmann & Reimer Gmbh Flavouring agent for animal food
EP0043486A3 (en) * 1980-07-04 1982-06-30 Haarmann & Reimer Gmbh Flavouring agent for animal food
EP0219146A1 (en) * 1985-09-16 1987-04-22 Naarden International N.V. Substituted thiophenes, flavouring and perfuming compositions, perfumed products containing them
US5368876A (en) * 1985-09-16 1994-11-29 Naarden-International N.V. Flavoring and perfume compositions and flavored and perfumed products which contain one or more substituted thiophenes
US5554588A (en) * 1991-11-08 1996-09-10 Lever Brothers Company, Division Of Conopco, Inc. Perfume compositions

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1156488A (en) 1969-06-25
GB1156479A (en) 1969-06-25
GB1156486A (en) 1969-06-25
GB1156484A (en) 1969-06-25
GB1156475A (en) 1969-06-25
GB1156480A (en) 1969-06-25
GB1156474A (en) 1969-06-25
GB1156489A (en) 1969-06-25
GB1156473A (en) 1969-06-25
GB1156485A (en) 1969-06-25
GB1156477A (en) 1969-06-25
GB1156482A (en) 1969-06-25
GB1156476A (en) 1969-06-25
GB1156483A (en) 1969-06-25
GB1156490A (en) 1969-06-25
GB1156478A (en) 1969-06-25

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