GB1081816A - Data handling system - Google Patents

Data handling system

Info

Publication number
GB1081816A
GB1081816A GB41687/64A GB4168764A GB1081816A GB 1081816 A GB1081816 A GB 1081816A GB 41687/64 A GB41687/64 A GB 41687/64A GB 4168764 A GB4168764 A GB 4168764A GB 1081816 A GB1081816 A GB 1081816A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
level
sequences
maintenance
program
order
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
GB41687/64A
Inventor
Anton Henry Doblmaier
Randall William Downing
Michael Peter Fabisch
John Allen Harr
Harold Frederick May
John Stanley Nowak
Frank Finley Taylor
Werner Ulrich
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
AT&T Corp
Original Assignee
Western Electric Co Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Western Electric Co Inc filed Critical Western Electric Co Inc
Publication of GB1081816A publication Critical patent/GB1081816A/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F9/00Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units
    • G06F9/06Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units using stored programs, i.e. using an internal store of processing equipment to receive or retain programs
    • G06F9/46Multiprogramming arrangements
    • G06F9/48Program initiating; Program switching, e.g. by interrupt
    • G06F9/4806Task transfer initiation or dispatching
    • G06F9/4812Task transfer initiation or dispatching by interrupt, e.g. masked
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F11/00Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F11/00Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
    • G06F11/07Responding to the occurrence of a fault, e.g. fault tolerance
    • G06F11/0703Error or fault processing not based on redundancy, i.e. by taking additional measures to deal with the error or fault not making use of redundancy in operation, in hardware, or in data representation
    • G06F11/0751Error or fault detection not based on redundancy
    • G06F11/0754Error or fault detection not based on redundancy by exceeding limits
    • G06F11/0757Error or fault detection not based on redundancy by exceeding limits by exceeding a time limit, i.e. time-out, e.g. watchdogs
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F11/00Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
    • G06F11/07Responding to the occurrence of a fault, e.g. fault tolerance
    • G06F11/08Error detection or correction by redundancy in data representation, e.g. by using checking codes
    • G06F11/10Adding special bits or symbols to the coded information, e.g. parity check, casting out 9's or 11's
    • G06F11/1008Adding special bits or symbols to the coded information, e.g. parity check, casting out 9's or 11's in individual solid state devices
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F11/00Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
    • G06F11/07Responding to the occurrence of a fault, e.g. fault tolerance
    • G06F11/14Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in operation
    • G06F11/1402Saving, restoring, recovering or retrying
    • G06F11/1405Saving, restoring, recovering or retrying at machine instruction level
    • G06F11/141Saving, restoring, recovering or retrying at machine instruction level for bus or memory accesses
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F11/00Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
    • G06F11/07Responding to the occurrence of a fault, e.g. fault tolerance
    • G06F11/16Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in hardware
    • G06F11/1629Error detection by comparing the output of redundant processing systems
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F11/00Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
    • G06F11/07Responding to the occurrence of a fault, e.g. fault tolerance
    • G06F11/16Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in hardware
    • G06F11/1629Error detection by comparing the output of redundant processing systems
    • G06F11/1633Error detection by comparing the output of redundant processing systems using mutual exchange of the output between the redundant processing components
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F11/00Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
    • G06F11/07Responding to the occurrence of a fault, e.g. fault tolerance
    • G06F11/16Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in hardware
    • G06F11/1629Error detection by comparing the output of redundant processing systems
    • G06F11/1641Error detection by comparing the output of redundant processing systems where the comparison is not performed by the redundant processing components
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F11/00Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
    • G06F11/07Responding to the occurrence of a fault, e.g. fault tolerance
    • G06F11/16Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in hardware
    • G06F11/1629Error detection by comparing the output of redundant processing systems
    • G06F11/1641Error detection by comparing the output of redundant processing systems where the comparison is not performed by the redundant processing components
    • G06F11/1645Error detection by comparing the output of redundant processing systems where the comparison is not performed by the redundant processing components and the comparison itself uses redundant hardware
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F11/00Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
    • G06F11/07Responding to the occurrence of a fault, e.g. fault tolerance
    • G06F11/16Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in hardware
    • G06F11/1629Error detection by comparing the output of redundant processing systems
    • G06F11/165Error detection by comparing the output of redundant processing systems with continued operation after detection of the error
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F11/00Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
    • G06F11/07Responding to the occurrence of a fault, e.g. fault tolerance
    • G06F11/16Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in hardware
    • G06F11/1629Error detection by comparing the output of redundant processing systems
    • G06F11/1654Error detection by comparing the output of redundant processing systems where the output of only one of the redundant processing components can drive the attached hardware, e.g. memory or I/O
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F11/00Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
    • G06F11/07Responding to the occurrence of a fault, e.g. fault tolerance
    • G06F11/16Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in hardware
    • G06F11/1666Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in hardware where the redundant component is memory or memory area
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F11/00Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
    • G06F11/07Responding to the occurrence of a fault, e.g. fault tolerance
    • G06F11/16Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in hardware
    • G06F11/1675Temporal synchronisation or re-synchronisation of redundant processing components
    • G06F11/1679Temporal synchronisation or re-synchronisation of redundant processing components at clock signal level
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F11/00Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
    • G06F11/07Responding to the occurrence of a fault, e.g. fault tolerance
    • G06F11/16Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in hardware
    • G06F11/1675Temporal synchronisation or re-synchronisation of redundant processing components
    • G06F11/1687Temporal synchronisation or re-synchronisation of redundant processing components at event level, e.g. by interrupt or result of polling
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F11/00Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
    • G06F11/07Responding to the occurrence of a fault, e.g. fault tolerance
    • G06F11/16Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in hardware
    • G06F11/20Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in hardware using active fault-masking, e.g. by switching out faulty elements or by switching in spare elements
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F11/00Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
    • G06F11/07Responding to the occurrence of a fault, e.g. fault tolerance
    • G06F11/16Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in hardware
    • G06F11/20Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in hardware using active fault-masking, e.g. by switching out faulty elements or by switching in spare elements
    • G06F11/202Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in hardware using active fault-masking, e.g. by switching out faulty elements or by switching in spare elements where processing functionality is redundant
    • G06F11/2023Failover techniques
    • G06F11/2033Failover techniques switching over of hardware resources
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F11/00Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
    • G06F11/07Responding to the occurrence of a fault, e.g. fault tolerance
    • G06F11/16Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in hardware
    • G06F11/20Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in hardware using active fault-masking, e.g. by switching out faulty elements or by switching in spare elements
    • G06F11/202Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in hardware using active fault-masking, e.g. by switching out faulty elements or by switching in spare elements where processing functionality is redundant
    • G06F11/2043Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in hardware using active fault-masking, e.g. by switching out faulty elements or by switching in spare elements where processing functionality is redundant where the redundant components share a common memory address space
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F15/00Digital computers in general; Data processing equipment in general
    • G06F15/16Combinations of two or more digital computers each having at least an arithmetic unit, a program unit and a register, e.g. for a simultaneous processing of several programs
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F9/00Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units
    • G06F9/06Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units using stored programs, i.e. using an internal store of processing equipment to receive or retain programs
    • G06F9/30Arrangements for executing machine instructions, e.g. instruction decode
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F9/00Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units
    • G06F9/06Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units using stored programs, i.e. using an internal store of processing equipment to receive or retain programs
    • G06F9/30Arrangements for executing machine instructions, e.g. instruction decode
    • G06F9/30003Arrangements for executing specific machine instructions
    • G06F9/30007Arrangements for executing specific machine instructions to perform operations on data operands
    • G06F9/30018Bit or string instructions
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F9/00Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units
    • G06F9/06Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units using stored programs, i.e. using an internal store of processing equipment to receive or retain programs
    • G06F9/30Arrangements for executing machine instructions, e.g. instruction decode
    • G06F9/38Concurrent instruction execution, e.g. pipeline or look ahead
    • G06F9/3867Concurrent instruction execution, e.g. pipeline or look ahead using instruction pipelines
    • G06F9/3875Pipelining a single stage, e.g. superpipelining
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F9/00Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units
    • G06F9/06Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units using stored programs, i.e. using an internal store of processing equipment to receive or retain programs
    • G06F9/46Multiprogramming arrangements
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F9/00Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units
    • G06F9/06Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units using stored programs, i.e. using an internal store of processing equipment to receive or retain programs
    • G06F9/46Multiprogramming arrangements
    • G06F9/48Program initiating; Program switching, e.g. by interrupt
    • G06F9/4806Task transfer initiation or dispatching
    • G06F9/4812Task transfer initiation or dispatching by interrupt, e.g. masked
    • G06F9/4825Interrupt from clock, e.g. time of day
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04QSELECTING
    • H04Q3/00Selecting arrangements
    • H04Q3/42Circuit arrangements for indirect selecting controlled by common circuits, e.g. register controller, marker
    • H04Q3/54Circuit arrangements for indirect selecting controlled by common circuits, e.g. register controller, marker in which the logic circuitry controlling the exchange is centralised
    • H04Q3/545Circuit arrangements for indirect selecting controlled by common circuits, e.g. register controller, marker in which the logic circuitry controlling the exchange is centralised using a stored programme
    • H04Q3/54541Circuit arrangements for indirect selecting controlled by common circuits, e.g. register controller, marker in which the logic circuitry controlling the exchange is centralised using a stored programme using multi-processor systems
    • H04Q3/5455Multi-processor, parallelism, distributed systems
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04QSELECTING
    • H04Q3/00Selecting arrangements
    • H04Q3/42Circuit arrangements for indirect selecting controlled by common circuits, e.g. register controller, marker
    • H04Q3/54Circuit arrangements for indirect selecting controlled by common circuits, e.g. register controller, marker in which the logic circuitry controlling the exchange is centralised
    • H04Q3/545Circuit arrangements for indirect selecting controlled by common circuits, e.g. register controller, marker in which the logic circuitry controlling the exchange is centralised using a stored programme
    • H04Q3/54575Software application
    • H04Q3/54591Supervision, e.g. fault localisation, traffic measurements, avoiding errors, failure recovery, monitoring, statistical analysis
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F11/00Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
    • G06F11/07Responding to the occurrence of a fault, e.g. fault tolerance
    • G06F11/16Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in hardware
    • G06F11/20Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in hardware using active fault-masking, e.g. by switching out faulty elements or by switching in spare elements
    • G06F11/2002Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in hardware using active fault-masking, e.g. by switching out faulty elements or by switching in spare elements where interconnections or communication control functionality are redundant
    • G06F11/2007Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in hardware using active fault-masking, e.g. by switching out faulty elements or by switching in spare elements where interconnections or communication control functionality are redundant using redundant communication media
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F2201/00Indexing scheme relating to error detection, to error correction, and to monitoring
    • G06F2201/845Systems in which the redundancy can be transformed in increased performance

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Quality & Reliability (AREA)
  • Software Systems (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Monitoring And Testing Of Exchanges (AREA)
  • Interface Circuits In Exchanges (AREA)
  • Exchange Systems With Centralized Control (AREA)
  • Executing Machine-Instructions (AREA)

Abstract

1,081,816. Automatic exchange systems. WESTERN ELECTRIC CO. Inc. Oct. 13, 1964 [Dec. 31, 1963], No. 41687/64. Heading H4K. [Also in Division G4] A data processing system comprises a program store containing three types of sequences of program order words, viz.: (1) base level (normal data processing) sequences, (2) timed interrupt sequences and (3) maintenance interrupt sequences, wherein the second sequences are executed at regular intervals for performing routine actions on the system and the third sequences are executed at any time as a result of a fault occurring in the system. The system is for use with a program-controlled ferreed switching system. The general method of operation is similar to that described in Specification 904,164. The base level program comprises five sublevels LA to LE (Fig. 74) of which the sequences associated with higher sub-levels i.e. LA, are performed more frequently than those of lower levels, i.e. LE. During the time allotted to sub-levels LA to LD, the various " jobs " associated with these sub-levels are performed. If at the end of the allotted time more jobs remain to be done then these jobs are tackled first when the sub-level containing them is next performed. In the case of sub-level E, however, a priority system of jobs is maintained. For example, if a fault, the location of which may be deferred, is detected, then this fault location takes priority every time sub-level LE is performed (Fig. 83, not shown) while other jobs executed in sub-level LE such as routine testing of the system are graded in order of priority and many machine cycles may pass before they are even considered for execution. The base-level program is used for all jobs which do not require a rigid timetable, e.g. the processing of information obtained from the line scanners which scan the lines at the rate of once every 100 m.secs. However, the actual gathering of information from the lines, e.g. request for service, impulsing, hang-up &c., must be performed to a rigid timetable and for this purpose the timed interrupt sequences are required. The timed interrupt sequences are initiated at 5 m.sec. intervals and for convenience they are divided into odd and even (H and J levels, Fig. 74) sequences. The various network points such as lines, trunks &c. which must be scanned and other points such as switches which require commands are addressed during these sequences. In addition, various malfunctions of the system may be detected during these sequences and these faults are " examined " in order to determine their nature and thus to decide how they should be dealt with. In general the particular program order word being executed is completed before the fault is dealt with. Some faults require almost immediate attention and these are dealt with by the maintenance interrupt sequences whilst others are not so urgent and may be deferred for remedial action to be taken during the course of the base level program as previously mentioned. The maintenance sequences comprise levels A to G (Fig. 74) in that order of priority. Any maintenance level currently being performed may be interrupted on a request occurring for a higher level. After the new level is executed successfully, the interrupted level is returned to and completion of that level causes a reversion to the base level. In most cases the A and B levels are of equal priority. The A level is set-up for manual testing of the system and is used very infrequently. The B level can interrupt the A level and of course all lower levels and occurs in the case of emergency action. The latter arises as a result of uncorrectable faults (i.e. lower level maintenance cannot cope) and leads to a rearrangement of the program and call stores, the central controls and the intercommunicating buses as is more fully described in Specification 1,081,812. The order word sequences for maintenance are in general stored in a program store but in the event that a fault occurs as a result of addressing such a store the maintenance sequence appropriate to this is stored in the call store. The latter contains special locations for storing information contained in a central control prior to maintenance. This information and the address of the order currently being executed are transferred to these locations before the data concerned with the maintenance function is brought into the central control. At the end of maintenace the original information is of course returned to central control. In general maintenance is delayed until the current order is executed, for example certain order words contain special bit positions indicating that no maintenance below a certain level is to be performed until the order is completed. If an interrupt is attempted during the processing of such words a flip-flop in central control is operated so that the relevant maintenance can be performed later. Numerous examples of deferable maintenance and of the methods used for protecting data in the stores are given in the Specification.
GB41687/64A 1963-12-31 1964-10-13 Data handling system Expired GB1081816A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US33487563A 1963-12-31 1963-12-31

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB1081816A true GB1081816A (en) 1967-09-06

Family

ID=23309246

Family Applications (7)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB41688/64A Expired GB1081817A (en) 1963-12-31 1964-10-13 Communication switching system
GB41684/64A Expired GB1081813A (en) 1963-12-31 1964-10-13 Data handling system
GB41687/64A Expired GB1081816A (en) 1963-12-31 1964-10-13 Data handling system
GB41683/64A Expired GB1081812A (en) 1963-12-31 1964-10-13 Data handling system
GB41685/64A Expired GB1081814A (en) 1963-12-31 1964-10-13 Data handling system
GB41682/64A Expired GB1081811A (en) 1963-12-31 1964-10-13 Data handling system
GB41686/64A Expired GB1081815A (en) 1963-12-31 1964-10-13 System for detecting changes in supervisory states of a communication system

Family Applications Before (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB41688/64A Expired GB1081817A (en) 1963-12-31 1964-10-13 Communication switching system
GB41684/64A Expired GB1081813A (en) 1963-12-31 1964-10-13 Data handling system

Family Applications After (4)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB41683/64A Expired GB1081812A (en) 1963-12-31 1964-10-13 Data handling system
GB41685/64A Expired GB1081814A (en) 1963-12-31 1964-10-13 Data handling system
GB41682/64A Expired GB1081811A (en) 1963-12-31 1964-10-13 Data handling system
GB41686/64A Expired GB1081815A (en) 1963-12-31 1964-10-13 System for detecting changes in supervisory states of a communication system

Country Status (13)

Country Link
US (1) US3570008A (en)
JP (1) JPS514062B1 (en)
AT (7) AT273543B (en)
BE (7) BE654495A (en)
BR (4) BR6463328D0 (en)
CH (7) CH479991A (en)
DE (6) DE1474096A1 (en)
DK (4) DK136007B (en)
FR (7) FR1426970A (en)
GB (7) GB1081817A (en)
IL (7) IL22237A (en)
NL (8) NL140351B (en)
SE (4) SE334392B (en)

Families Citing this family (23)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3723975A (en) * 1971-06-28 1973-03-27 Ibm Overdue event detector
US3737870A (en) * 1972-04-24 1973-06-05 Ibm Status switching arrangement
US3892928A (en) * 1973-10-09 1975-07-01 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Switching system equipped with line verification apparatus
US4053751A (en) * 1976-04-28 1977-10-11 Bell Telephone Laboratories, Incorporated Adaptable exerciser for a memory system
US4048452A (en) * 1976-05-28 1977-09-13 Bell Telephone Laboratories, Incorporated Automatic call distribution system
DE2849371A1 (en) * 1978-11-14 1980-05-29 Siemens Ag METHOD FOR TRANSMITTING INFORMATION BETWEEN FACILITIES OF AN INDIRECTLY CONTROLLED SWITCHING SYSTEM, IN PARTICULAR TELEPHONE SWITCHING SYSTEM
US4345116A (en) * 1980-12-31 1982-08-17 Bell Telephone Laboratories, Incorporated Dynamic, non-hierarchical arrangement for routing traffic
JPS57182858A (en) * 1981-05-06 1982-11-10 Japan Electronic Control Syst Co Ltd Monitor circuit for program runaway in computer
US4484030A (en) * 1982-04-19 1984-11-20 At&T Bell Laboratories Method and apparatus for identifying faulty communications circuits
US4565903A (en) * 1983-08-03 1986-01-21 At&T Bell Laboratories Telephone interexchange carrier selection
US4555594A (en) * 1983-08-03 1985-11-26 At&T Bell Laboratories Telephone interexchange signaling protocol
US4577066A (en) * 1983-08-03 1986-03-18 At&T Bell Laboratories Telephone interexchange call routing
EP0212272B1 (en) * 1985-08-14 1990-10-03 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Circuit arrangement for telecommunication exchanges, particularly telephone exchanges, comprising scanning points which are cyclically controlled by information interrogation devices
DE3668745D1 (en) * 1985-08-14 1990-03-08 Siemens Ag CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENT FOR TELECOMMUNICATION SYSTEMS, ESPECIALLY TELECOMMUNICATION SWITCHING SYSTEMS, WITH REQUESTING POINTS, CYCLICALLY CONTROLLING INFORMATION REQUESTING DEVICES.
US4660220A (en) * 1986-02-25 1987-04-21 Kraus Constantine R No answer mode for telephone systems
US4763191A (en) * 1986-03-17 1988-08-09 American Telephone And Telegraph Company, At&T Bell Laboratories Dial-up telephone network equipment for requesting an identified selection
US5289542A (en) * 1991-03-04 1994-02-22 At&T Bell Laboratories Caller identification system with encryption
US5329581A (en) * 1991-12-23 1994-07-12 At&T Bell Laboratories Target area calling system
US5444774A (en) * 1992-06-26 1995-08-22 At&T Corp. Interactive queuing sytem for call centers
US5521965A (en) * 1992-08-14 1996-05-28 Bell Atlantic Network Services, Inc. Apparatus and method for handling busy calls in telephone network
US6618474B1 (en) 1999-03-08 2003-09-09 Morris Reese Method and apparatus for providing to a customer a promotional message between ringing signals or after a call waiting tone
US8489915B2 (en) * 2009-07-30 2013-07-16 Cleversafe, Inc. Method and apparatus for storage integrity processing based on error types in a dispersed storage network
CN111618854A (en) * 2020-05-26 2020-09-04 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 Task segmentation and collaboration method for security robot

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1024124B (en) * 1953-03-30 1958-02-13 Lionel Roy Frank Harris Method for selecting one of several lines in telecommunication systems, in particular in telephone systems that work according to the time division multiplex method
NL231869A (en) * 1957-10-07
NL286208A (en) * 1961-04-25

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL6415235A (en) 1965-07-02
BE657775A (en) 1965-04-16
SE326990B (en) 1970-08-10
US3570008A (en) 1971-03-09
GB1081813A (en) 1967-09-06
FR1446309A (en) 1966-07-22
DE1437576B2 (en) 1971-08-12
DK136007C (en) 1978-01-09
GB1081811A (en) 1967-09-06
DE1437576A1 (en) 1969-02-27
FR1426970A (en) 1966-02-04
IL22238A (en) 1968-04-25
DK136878B (en) 1977-12-05
DK115124B (en) 1969-09-08
FR1426972A (en) 1966-02-04
AT274056B (en) 1969-09-10
CH477140A (en) 1969-08-15
AT274057B (en) 1969-09-10
BR6463328D0 (en) 1973-06-26
BE654496A (en) 1965-04-16
DE1474093A1 (en) 1970-07-09
IL22241A (en) 1968-04-25
FR1442298A (en) 1966-06-17
BE654495A (en) 1965-04-16
DE1437576C3 (en) 1972-03-16
JPS514062B1 (en) 1976-02-07
NL6415238A (en) 1965-07-02
CH479991A (en) 1969-10-15
SE312940B (en) 1969-07-28
IL22242A (en) 1968-04-25
DE1437577B2 (en) 1971-11-25
GB1081814A (en) 1967-09-06
NL6415239A (en) 1965-07-02
FR1426971A (en) 1966-02-04
GB1081812A (en) 1967-09-06
BE654492A (en) 1965-04-16
BE654493A (en) 1965-04-16
NL6415236A (en) 1965-07-02
DE1474093B2 (en) 1972-09-07
NL6415237A (en) 1965-07-02
GB1081817A (en) 1967-09-06
CH476442A (en) 1969-07-31
BR6463330D0 (en) 1973-06-26
NL140351B (en) 1973-11-15
AT271951B (en) 1969-06-25
DE1474094B (en) 1971-04-15
NL6415240A (en) 1965-07-02
AT273543B (en) 1969-08-11
BR6463331D0 (en) 1973-06-26
IL22240A (en) 1968-04-25
NL6415241A (en) 1965-07-02
IL22243A (en) 1968-04-25
DK136007B (en) 1977-07-25
SE319926B (en) 1970-01-26
NL137733C (en)
AT271950B (en) 1969-06-25
SE334392B (en) 1971-04-26
DE1474095B1 (en) 1970-08-20
CH476441A (en) 1969-07-31
DK136878C (en) 1978-05-16
GB1081815A (en) 1967-09-06
IL22239A (en) 1968-04-25
DE1437577A1 (en) 1969-02-20
CH479992A (en) 1969-10-15
CH479993A (en) 1969-10-15
DK114415B (en) 1969-06-30
DE1474096A1 (en) 1970-07-09
BR6463327D0 (en) 1973-06-26
NL145065B (en) 1975-02-17
IL22237A (en) 1968-04-25
AT272712B (en) 1969-07-25
FR1426973A (en) 1966-02-04
FR1442332A (en) 1966-06-17
BE654497A (en) 1965-04-16
CH479990A (en) 1969-10-15
BE654494A (en) 1965-04-16
AT269518B (en) 1969-03-25

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
GB1081816A (en) Data handling system
US3876987A (en) Multiprocessor computer systems
US4686620A (en) Database backup method
US4635187A (en) Control for a multiprocessing system program process
US3060273A (en) Standby transfer control circuitry
GB990824A (en) Selection system
US3865999A (en) Automatic telecommunication switching system
Keister et al. No. 1 ESS: System organization and objectives
GB995447A (en) Improvements in or relating to data communication systems
CN110609758A (en) Queue-based device operating method, computer device and readable storage medium
CA1106069A (en) Program switching monitor
US3898449A (en) Arrangement and method for using a magnetic tape to control hardware to load, check and routine a core memory
JP2002073165A (en) Method for holding contents by abnormality items of power source detected by measuring instrument
GB1332470A (en) Data processor system
US3438002A (en) Pulse signal exchange
US4035592A (en) Subscriber monitoring unit for electronic telephone exchanges
US3737869A (en) Electric control distributor
US3869570A (en) System for analysing telegraph characters
GB1419191A (en) Data processing system
Barney et al. No. 1 ESS ADF: System testing and early field operation experience
CN113778952A (en) Log output method, device, setting and storage medium
CN116303783A (en) Data synchronization method, storage medium and equipment for database system
JPS6138665B2 (en)
CN115168046A (en) Multi-task concurrent protection fixed value checking method and system
JPS62161234A (en) Work station supervisory system