FR3120636A1 - Method for manufacturing tungsten carbide parts and material obtained based on SPS sintering of tungsten carbide - Google Patents
Method for manufacturing tungsten carbide parts and material obtained based on SPS sintering of tungsten carbide Download PDFInfo
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- FR3120636A1 FR3120636A1 FR2102543A FR2102543A FR3120636A1 FR 3120636 A1 FR3120636 A1 FR 3120636A1 FR 2102543 A FR2102543 A FR 2102543A FR 2102543 A FR2102543 A FR 2102543A FR 3120636 A1 FR3120636 A1 FR 3120636A1
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- tungsten carbide
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- UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten carbide Chemical group [W+]#[C-] UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- INZDTEICWPZYJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(chloromethyl)-4-[4-(chloromethyl)phenyl]benzene Chemical compound C1=CC(CCl)=CC=C1C1=CC=C(CCl)C=C1 INZDTEICWPZYJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- UNASZPQZIFZUSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylidyneniobium Chemical compound [Nb]#C UNASZPQZIFZUSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl(1,1,2,2,2-pentafluoroethyl)silane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000002490 spark plasma sintering Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000002902 bimodal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001427 coherent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000280 densification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001131 transforming effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008186 active pharmaceutical agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001513 hot isostatic pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C29/00—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides
- C22C29/02—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides
- C22C29/06—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds
- C22C29/08—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds based on tungsten carbide
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/10—Sintering only
- B22F3/105—Sintering only by using electric current other than for infrared radiant energy, laser radiation or plasma ; by ultrasonic bonding
-
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- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/515—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics
- C04B35/56—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on carbides or oxycarbides
- C04B35/5607—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on carbides or oxycarbides based on refractory metal carbides
- C04B35/5626—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on carbides or oxycarbides based on refractory metal carbides based on tungsten carbides
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- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
- C04B35/62605—Treating the starting powders individually or as mixtures
- C04B35/6261—Milling
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- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/64—Burning or sintering processes
- C04B35/645—Pressure sintering
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/50—Constituents or additives of the starting mixture chosen for their shape or used because of their shape or their physical appearance
- C04B2235/52—Constituents or additives characterised by their shapes
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/50—Constituents or additives of the starting mixture chosen for their shape or used because of their shape or their physical appearance
- C04B2235/52—Constituents or additives characterised by their shapes
- C04B2235/528—Spheres
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/50—Constituents or additives of the starting mixture chosen for their shape or used because of their shape or their physical appearance
- C04B2235/54—Particle size related information
- C04B2235/5418—Particle size related information expressed by the size of the particles or aggregates thereof
- C04B2235/5436—Particle size related information expressed by the size of the particles or aggregates thereof micrometer sized, i.e. from 1 to 100 micron
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/50—Constituents or additives of the starting mixture chosen for their shape or used because of their shape or their physical appearance
- C04B2235/54—Particle size related information
- C04B2235/5463—Particle size distributions
- C04B2235/5472—Bimodal, multi-modal or multi-fraction
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/50—Constituents or additives of the starting mixture chosen for their shape or used because of their shape or their physical appearance
- C04B2235/54—Particle size related information
- C04B2235/549—Particle size related information the particle size being expressed by crystallite size or primary particle size
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/65—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes
- C04B2235/66—Specific sintering techniques, e.g. centrifugal sintering
- C04B2235/666—Applying a current during sintering, e.g. plasma sintering [SPS], electrical resistance heating or pulse electric current sintering [PECS]
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
- C04B2235/96—Properties of ceramic products, e.g. mechanical properties such as strength, toughness, wear resistance
Abstract
L’invention porte sur un matériau obtenu par frittage SPS comprenant du carbure de tungstène pur caractérisé en ce que le matériau : - comprend au moins un type de grains de carbure de tungstène homogènes, chacun des types de grains présentant une microstructure de grains prédéterminée, - est dépourvu de liant, - présente une ténacité comprise entre 8 et 17 MPa-m1/2 et/ou une dureté comprise entre 1500 et 2700 (dureté Vickers HV). L’invention porte également sur un procédé de fabrication d’un matériau à base de carbure de tungstène pur caractérisé par les étapes suivantes : - Utiliser ou broyer une poudre présentant au moins un type de grains de carbure de tungstène jusqu’à obtenir des grains présentant une taille de grains prédéterminée et un facteur de forme prédéterminé, - Fritter en utilisant un procédé de frittage SPS. Figure de l’abrégé : Fig. 1The invention relates to a material obtained by SPS sintering comprising pure tungsten carbide characterized in that the material: - comprises at least one type of homogeneous tungsten carbide grains, each of the types of grains having a predetermined grain microstructure, - is devoid of binder, - has a toughness of between 8 and 17 MPa-m1/2 and/or a hardness of between 1500 and 2700 (Vickers hardness HV). The invention also relates to a process for manufacturing a material based on pure tungsten carbide characterized by the following steps: - Using or grinding a powder having at least one type of tungsten carbide grains until obtaining grains having a predetermined grain size and a predetermined form factor, - Sintering using an SPS sintering process. Figure of the abstract: Fig. 1
Description
DOMAINE TECHNIQUE DE L’INVENTIONTECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
La présente invention concerne la fabrication de pièces en carbure de tungstène par frittage, en particulier la fabrication de pièces présentant des propriétés mécaniques de dureté et de ténacité particulières.The present invention relates to the manufacture of tungsten carbide parts by sintering, in particular the manufacture of parts having particular mechanical properties of hardness and toughness.
ETAT DE LA TECHNIQUESTATE OF THE ART
On connaît de l’état de la technique un procédé de fabrication au cours duquel le matériau cobalt est ajouté à du carbure de tungstène afin d’augmenter la ténacité d’un matériau. Le document CN108624772 divulgue le mélange de carbure de tungstène avec notamment du cobalt et du carbure de vanadium. L’inconvénient des mélanges est qu’il est relativement coûteux.Known from the state of the art is a manufacturing process during which the cobalt material is added to tungsten carbide in order to increase the toughness of a material. Document CN108624772 discloses the mixture of tungsten carbide with in particular cobalt and vanadium carbide. The disadvantage of blends is that it is relatively expensive.
Il est ainsi désireux de proposer un matériau présentant une dureté et une ténacité équivalentes ou supérieures à celles de l’état de la technique.It is therefore keen to offer a material with a hardness and toughness equivalent or superior to those of the state of the art.
L’INVENTIONTHE INVENTION
A cet effet, et selon un premier aspect, l’invention propose un matériau obtenu par frittage SPS comprenant du carbure de tungstène pur caractérisé en ce que le matériau :
- comprend au moins un type de grains de carbure de tungstène homogènes, chacun des types de grains présentant une microstructure de grains prédéterminée,
- est dépourvu de liant,
- présente une ténacité comprise entre 8 et 17 MPa -
- comprises at least one type of homogeneous tungsten carbide grains, each of the grain types having a predetermined grain microstructure,
- is devoid of binder,
- has a toughness between 8 and 17 MPa -
Le matériau proposé offre à la fois une ténacité et/ou une dureté plus grande par rapport aux matériaux de l’art antérieur, tout en limitant les coûts grâce notamment à l’absence de matériau de mélange comme par exemple le cobalt.The proposed material offers both greater toughness and/or hardness compared to the materials of the prior art, while limiting the costs thanks in particular to the absence of a mixture material such as for example cobalt.
De préférence, la ténacité est mesurée par la méthode dite méthode Palmquist.Preferably, the tenacity is measured by the so-called Palmquist method.
Pour ce qui précède et pour la suite de la description, on entend par :For the foregoing and for the remainder of the description, the following terms mean:
- frittage SPS, acronyme de « Spark Plasma Sintering », un procédé de frittage sous pression basé sur la densification d’un échantillon de poudre par application d’une contrainte mécanique associée au passage d’un courant pulsé permettant de chauffer l’échantillon ; par exemple une méthode de frittage apparentée au pressage isostatique à chaud mais utilisant l'effet joule pour chauffer la poudre précompactée dans un creuset cylindrique creux entre deux électrodes en graphite sous atmosphère inerte ou sous vide, l'ensemble étant soumis à une pression de plusieurs mégapascals sous l'action d'une presse hydraulique. Un courant continu ou alternatif de plusieurs kiloampères, pulsé ou non, est appliqué entre les électrodes avec une tension de quelques volts. ;- SPS sintering, acronym for "Spark Plasma Sintering", a pressure sintering process based on the densification of a powder sample by applying a mechanical stress associated with the passage of a pulsed current to heat the sample; for example a sintering method related to hot isostatic pressing but using the Joule effect to heat the precompacted powder in a hollow cylindrical crucible between two graphite electrodes under an inert atmosphere or under vacuum, the assembly being subjected to a pressure of several megapascals under the action of a hydraulic press. A direct or alternating current of several kiloamperes, pulsed or not, is applied between the electrodes with a voltage of a few volts. ;
- pur, en particulier concernant une poudre de carbure de tungstène, une poudre comprenant au moins 95% de carbure de tungstène, avantageusement au moins 96% de carbure de tungstène, avantageusement au moins 97% de carbure de tungstène, avantageusement au moins 98% de carbure de tungstène, avantageusement au moins 99% de carbure de tungstène, ou comprenant de préférence 99,9% de carbure de tungstène ;- pure, in particular concerning a tungsten carbide powder, a powder comprising at least 95% tungsten carbide, advantageously at least 96% tungsten carbide, advantageously at least 97% tungsten carbide, advantageously at least 98% tungsten carbide, advantageously at least 99% tungsten carbide, or preferably comprising 99.9% tungsten carbide;
- liant, toute matière permettant d’améliorer la densification et/ou les propriétés mécaniques finales donnant une cohésion mécanique à la pièce finale, par exemple le matériau cobalt ou un autre agent de frittage ;- binder, any material making it possible to improve the densification and/or the final mechanical properties giving mechanical cohesion to the final part, for example cobalt material or another sintering agent;
- taille de grains, la granulométrie des grains caractérisée par les valeurs d10, d90, d50 afin de quantifier la dispersion de cette distribution de taille de grains,- grain size, the particle size of the grains characterized by the values d10, d90, d50 in order to quantify the dispersion of this grain size distribution,
– taille de cristallites, chaque grain pouvant présenter des cristallites, la taille se rapportant aux domaines cristallographiques cohérents et qui est mesurée par des techniques du type MEB, TEM, …;– size of crystallites, each grain being able to present crystallites, the size relating to the coherent crystallographic domains and which is measured by techniques of the SEM, TEM, etc. type;
- facteur de forme, le rapport entre deux longueurs caractéristiques, chaque longueur s’étendant selon une direction déterminée, lesdites longueurs caractéristiques présentant un angle non-nul l’une par rapport à l’autre, par exemple un angle de 90 degrés ;- shape factor, the ratio between two characteristic lengths, each length extending in a determined direction, said characteristic lengths having a non-zero angle with respect to each other, for example an angle of 90 degrees;
– atomisation ou atomiser, en particulier concernant une poudre, une méthode de transformation d’un lingot métallique en poudre sphérique par fusion et projection des gouttes métalliques sous flux gazeux pour les rendre sphérique,– atomization or atomize, in particular concerning a powder, a method of transforming a metal ingot into spherical powder by melting and projecting metal drops under a gas stream to make them spherical,
– sphéroïdisation, ou sphéroïdiser, en particulier concernant une poudre, une méthode de transformation d’une poudre métallique broyée anguleuse par fusion le plus souvent assisté plasma pour la rendre sphérique.– spheroidization, or spheroidize, in particular concerning a powder, a method of transforming an angular ground metal powder by fusion most often plasma assisted to make it spherical.
En outre, on entend par ténacité, la capacité d’un matériau à résister à la propagation d’une fissure. On entend par dureté, la résistance d'un matériau à être marqué par un autre.In addition, by toughness we mean the ability of a material to resist the propagation of a crack. Hardness means the resistance of a material to being marked by another.
Chaque type de grains présente une taille de grains prédéterminée, une taille de cristallite prédéterminée et un facteur de forme prédéterminé.Each grain type has a predetermined grain size, a predetermined crystallite size, and a predetermined aspect ratio.
La microstructure de grains prédéterminée peut présenter les caractéristiques suivantes :
- Distribution granulométrique : d50 étant compris entre 0.1 et 100 µm,
- Taille de cristallite : 20 à 1000 nm,
- Facteur de forme : entre 1 et 5 (sphérique à anguleux, sans être cylindrique).The predetermined grain microstructure may have the following characteristics:
- Particle size distribution: d50 being between 0.1 and 100 µm,
- Crystallite size: 20 to 1000 nm,
- Form factor: between 1 and 5 (spherical to angular, without being cylindrical).
Selon un mode de réalisation, un type de grains présente les caractéristiques suivantes : d50 égale ou sensiblement égale à 1 micromètre et une taille de cristallites égale à 130 nm plus ou moins 30 nm. Cette combinaison de valeurs permet d’obtenir un rapport haute ténacité/haute dureté, par exemple environ 2700HV.According to one embodiment, a type of grain has the following characteristics: d50 equal or substantially equal to 1 micrometer and a crystallite size equal to 130 nm plus or minus 30 nm. This combination of values makes it possible to obtain a high tenacity/high hardness ratio, for example approximately 2700HV.
Selon un autre mode de réalisation, un type de grains présente les caractéristiques suivantes : d50 égale ou sensiblement égale à 80 micromètres et une taille de cristallites égale à 30 nm plus ou moins 15 nm. Cette combinaison de valeurs permet d’obtenir un rapport moyenne ténacité/moyenne dureté, par exemple environ 1800HV.According to another embodiment, a type of grain has the following characteristics: d50 equal or substantially equal to 80 micrometers and a crystallite size equal to 30 nm plus or minus 15 nm. This combination of values makes it possible to obtain an average tenacity/average hardness ratio, for example approximately 1800HV.
Un mode de réalisation consiste à utiliser une distribution granulométrique monomodale avant broyage comprise entre 0.1 et 100 micromètres (µm).One embodiment consists in using a monomodal particle size distribution before grinding of between 0.1 and 100 micrometers (μm).
Selon un autre mode de réalisation, les poudres présentent une distribution bimodale avant broyage avec des valeurs d50 séparées d’une décade, typiquement 0.1µm et 1µm ou 1µm et 10µm ou encore 10µm et 100µm. Il se peut que cette distribution bimodale soit séparée de 2 décades, typiquement 0.1 et 10µm ou 1 et 100µm.According to another embodiment, the powders have a bimodal distribution before grinding with d50 values separated by a decade, typically 0.1 μm and 1 μm or 1 μm and 10 μm or even 10 μm and 100 μm. This bimodal distribution may be separated by 2 decades, typically 0.1 and 10µm or 1 and 100µm.
Selon encore un autre mode de réalisation, la distribution est trimodale avec des d50 séparées d’une décade, typiquement 0.1µm, 1µm et 10µm. Ces exemples sont évidemment non limitatifs.According to yet another embodiment, the distribution is trimodal with d50s separated by a decade, typically 0.1 μm, 1 μm and 10 μm. These examples are obviously non-limiting.
Dans un mode de réalisation, la poudre est utilisée telle quelle, brute de fournisseur. Par exemple, cette poudre peut présenter une valeur d50, en particulier un diamètre, de grain inférieur(e) à 100 micromètres, de préférence inférieur(e) à 50 micromètres, de préférence inférieur(e) à 15 micromètres.In one embodiment, the powder is used as is, raw from the supplier. For example, this powder may have a d50 value, in particular a grain diameter, of less than 100 micrometers, preferably less than 50 micrometers, preferably less than 15 micrometers.
Dans un mode préférentiel, la poudre est broyée afin d’affiner la taille des cristallites (domaines cristallographiques cohérents) qui est différente de la distribution granulométrique. Ainsi, après broyage, on constate une réduction de la taille des cristallites, mais pas nécessairement une réduction de la taille des grains.In a preferential mode, the powder is ground in order to refine the size of the crystallites (coherent crystallographic domains) which is different from the particle size distribution. Thus, after grinding, a reduction in the size of the crystallites is observed, but not necessarily a reduction in the size of the grains.
Préférentiellement, la taille des cristallites est comprise entre 20 et 1000 nanomètres (nm). Préférentiellement, la taille des cristallites est comprise entre 20 et 100 nm. Préférentiellement enfin, la taille des cristallites est comprise entre 20 et 50 nm. Dans un mode de réalisation, il est envisageable d’associer plusieurs tailles de cristallites.Preferably, the size of the crystallites is between 20 and 1000 nanometers (nm). Preferably, the size of the crystallites is between 20 and 100 nm. Finally, preferably, the size of the crystallites is between 20 and 50 nm. In one embodiment, it is possible to associate several sizes of crystallites.
De préférence, le matériau comprend au moins deux types de grains de carbure de tungstène. Chacun des au moins deux types de grains présente des caractéristiques cités au-dessus ; les au moins deux types de grains étant différents les uns par rapport aux autres.Preferably, the material comprises at least two types of tungsten carbide grains. Each of the at least two types of grains has characteristics mentioned above; the at least two types of grains being different from each other.
De préférence, le matériau est dépourvu de cobalt, de carbure de niobium, de carbure de vanadium, de carbure de titane, ou agent similaire.Preferably, the material is free of cobalt, niobium carbide, vanadium carbide, titanium carbide, or the like.
Selon un deuxième aspect, l’invention propose une pièce comprenant un matériau, ou constituée d’un matériau, selon l’une ou plusieurs des caractéristques du premier aspect. On entend par pièce, une pièce mécanique par exemple des outils de coupe pour l’usinage.According to a second aspect, the invention proposes a part comprising a material, or consisting of a material, according to one or more of the characteristics of the first aspect. By part, we mean a mechanical part, for example cutting tools for machining.
Selon un troisième aspect, l’invention propose un procédé de fabrication d’un matériau ou d’une pièce à base de carbure de tungstène pur comprenant les étapes suivantes :
- utiliser une poudre comprenant au moins un type de grains de carbure de tungstène présentant une taille de grains prédéterminée, une taille de cristallite prédéterminée et un facteur de forme prédéterminé,
- fritter en utilisant un procédé de frittage SPS.According to a third aspect, the invention proposes a method for manufacturing a material or a part based on pure tungsten carbide comprising the following steps:
- using a powder comprising at least one type of tungsten carbide grain having a predetermined grain size, a predetermined crystallite size and a predetermined shape factor,
- sinter using an SPS sintering process.
Selon un mode de réalisation, la poudre comprenant au moins un type de grains de carbure de tungstène est broyée jusqu’à obtenir des grains présentant une taille de grains prédéterminée, une taille de cristallite prédéterminée et un facteur de forme prédéterminé.According to one embodiment, the powder comprising at least one type of tungsten carbide grains is ground until obtaining grains having a predetermined grain size, a predetermined crystallite size and a predetermined shape factor.
De préférence, la poudre comprend au moins deux types de grains de carbure de tungstène, chaque type présentant une taille de grains prédéterminée, une taille de cristallite préderterminée et un facteur de forme prédéterminé.Preferably, the powder comprises at least two types of tungsten carbide grains, each type having a predetermined grain size, a predetermined crystallite size and a predetermined shape factor.
Selon un mode de réalisation, chaque type de grains est broyé séparemment. De préférence, chaque type de grains de carbure de tungstène est broyé séparemment avant de les mélanger.According to one embodiment, each type of grain is ground separately. Preferably, each type of tungsten carbide grain is ground separately before mixing them.
Un mode de réalisation consiste à broyer la poudre de base quelle soit mono ou multimodale. Dans ce mode de réalisation, la distribution granulométrique finale est affinée et recentrée voire, dans le cas des distribution multimodale, la suppression de ce caractère multiple. L’écart entre d10 et d90 se réduit autour du d50. La distribution granulométrique est plus fine autour de la valeur de d50 cible.One embodiment consists in grinding the base powder, whether mono or multimodal. In this embodiment, the final particle size distribution is refined and recentered or even, in the case of multimodal distribution, the elimination of this multiple character. The difference between d10 and d90 is reduced around d50. The particle size distribution is finer around the target d50 value.
Dans un autre mode de réalisation, au moins deux poudres de caractéristiques différentes sont broyées séparément afin de générer des distributions granulométriques et de tailles de cristallites différentes puis sont mélangées afin de concevoir une poudre spécifique permettant d’obtenir des propriétés finales améliorées.In another embodiment, at least two powders of different characteristics are ground separately in order to generate different particle size and crystallite size distributions and then are mixed in order to design a specific powder allowing to obtain improved final properties.
Le broyage permet d’obtenir une poudre qui aura des propriétés « finales » en terme de géométrie, facteur de forme, taille de cristallites. Le broyage permet également dans certains cas de former des sites actifs en surface de poudre qui favorisent et améliorent le comportement au frittage.Grinding makes it possible to obtain a powder which will have “final” properties in terms of geometry, form factor, size of crystallites. Grinding also makes it possible, in certain cases, to form active sites on the surface of the powder which promote and improve the sintering behavior.
Selon un mode de réalisation, le procédé comprend en outre une étape de sélection d’au moins un mode d’atomisation de la poudre, ou d’au moins un mode de sphéroïdisation de la poudre.According to one embodiment, the method further comprises a step of selecting at least one powder atomization mode, or at least one powder spheroidization mode.
Description de la figureDescription of figure
Alors que l’art antérieur propose des matériaux présentant une dureté comprise entre 1400 et 1900 HV et/ou une ténacité comprise entre 7 et environ 12 MPa-m1/2, l’invention permet, en outre de proposer de nouveaux modes de réalisation, d’obtenir des matériaux en carbure de tungstène présentant une dureté plus élevée, en particulier allant jusqu’à 2700HV et/ou une ténacité plus élevée, en particulier allant jusqu’à 17 MPa-m1/2, voir par exemple les zones DS sur la
Claims (10)
- comprend au moins un type de grains de carbure de tungstène homogènes, chacun des types de grains présentant une microstructure de grains prédéterminée,
- est dépourvu de liant,
- présente une ténacité comprise entre 8 et 17 MPa-m1/2 et/ou une dureté comprise entre 1500 et 2700 (dureté Vickers HV).
- comprises at least one homogeneous tungsten carbide grain type, each of the grain types having a predetermined grain microstructure,
- is devoid of binder,
- has a toughness of between 8 and 17 MPa-m1/2 and/or a hardness of between 1500 and 2700 (Vickers hardness HV).
- Utiliser une poudre comprenant au moins un type de grains de carbure de tungstène présentant une taille de grains prédéterminée, une taille de cristallite prédéterminée et un facteur de forme prédéterminé,
- Fritter en utilisant un procédé de frittage SPS.
- Use a powder comprising at least one type of tungsten carbide grains having a predetermined grain size, a predetermined crystallite size and a predetermined form factor,
- Sinter using an SPS sintering process.
Manufacturing process according to one of Claims 6 to 9, characterized in that it further comprises a step of selecting at least one mode of atomization of the powder, or at least one mode of spheroidization of the powder.
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR2102543A FR3120636A1 (en) | 2021-03-15 | 2021-03-15 | Method for manufacturing tungsten carbide parts and material obtained based on SPS sintering of tungsten carbide |
| EP22712988.9A EP4308325A1 (en) | 2021-03-15 | 2022-03-15 | Process for manufacturing tungsten carbide parts and resulting material based on sps sintering of tungsten carbide |
| PCT/FR2022/050464 WO2022195215A1 (en) | 2021-03-15 | 2022-03-15 | Process for manufacturing tungsten carbide parts and resulting material based on sps sintering of tungsten carbide |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| FR2102543 | 2021-03-15 | ||
| FR2102543A FR3120636A1 (en) | 2021-03-15 | 2021-03-15 | Method for manufacturing tungsten carbide parts and material obtained based on SPS sintering of tungsten carbide |
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| FR3120636A1 true FR3120636A1 (en) | 2022-09-16 |
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| FR2102543A Pending FR3120636A1 (en) | 2021-03-15 | 2021-03-15 | Method for manufacturing tungsten carbide parts and material obtained based on SPS sintering of tungsten carbide |
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| EP (1) | EP4308325A1 (en) |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6617271B1 (en) * | 2002-03-19 | 2003-09-09 | Vladimir Yurievich Kodash | Tungsten carbide cutting tool materials |
| DE102014204277A1 (en) * | 2014-03-07 | 2015-09-10 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | WEAR-RESISTANT TUNGSTEN CARBIDE CERAMICS AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF |
| CN108624772A (en) | 2018-06-26 | 2018-10-09 | 南京理工大学 | Ultra-fine Grained tungsten carbide base carbide alloy material and preparation method thereof |
| CN110577399B (en) * | 2019-07-12 | 2020-10-23 | 北京科技大学 | Multi-field coupling flash sintering system based on induction heating |
-
2021
- 2021-03-15 FR FR2102543A patent/FR3120636A1/en active Pending
-
2022
- 2022-03-15 WO PCT/FR2022/050464 patent/WO2022195215A1/en active Application Filing
- 2022-03-15 EP EP22712988.9A patent/EP4308325A1/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6617271B1 (en) * | 2002-03-19 | 2003-09-09 | Vladimir Yurievich Kodash | Tungsten carbide cutting tool materials |
| DE102014204277A1 (en) * | 2014-03-07 | 2015-09-10 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | WEAR-RESISTANT TUNGSTEN CARBIDE CERAMICS AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF |
| CN108624772A (en) | 2018-06-26 | 2018-10-09 | 南京理工大学 | Ultra-fine Grained tungsten carbide base carbide alloy material and preparation method thereof |
| CN110577399B (en) * | 2019-07-12 | 2020-10-23 | 北京科技大学 | Multi-field coupling flash sintering system based on induction heating |
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| EP4308325A1 (en) | 2024-01-24 |
| WO2022195215A1 (en) | 2022-09-22 |
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