FR3097803A1 - Acoustic protection panel for motor vehicles - Google Patents
Acoustic protection panel for motor vehicles Download PDFInfo
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- FR3097803A1 FR3097803A1 FR1906900A FR1906900A FR3097803A1 FR 3097803 A1 FR3097803 A1 FR 3097803A1 FR 1906900 A FR1906900 A FR 1906900A FR 1906900 A FR1906900 A FR 1906900A FR 3097803 A1 FR3097803 A1 FR 3097803A1
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Classifications
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- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
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- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/162—Selection of materials
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B32B2605/00—Vehicles
- B32B2605/08—Cars
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R13/00—Elements for body-finishing, identifying, or decorating; Arrangements or adaptations for advertising purposes
- B60R13/08—Insulating elements, e.g. for sound insulation
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Vehicle Interior And Exterior Ornaments, Soundproofing, And Insulation (AREA)
Abstract
L’invention concerne un panneau (1) de protection acoustique pour véhicule automobile, ledit panneau comprenant : une coque (2) moulée par thermocompression comprenant successivement : une couche d’envers (3) poreuse à base de fibres, une couche intermédiaire (4) à base de broyat de matériau recyclé, et une couche de rigidification (5) poreuse, ladite couche comprenant un matériau particulaire ou fibreux mélangé à un agent de liaison thermoplastique ; une couche de ressort (6) en mousse de polyuréthanne élastiquement compressible surmoulant ladite couche d’envers en la pénétrant au moins partiellement de manière à former une croûte (7) sur-densifiée formant une barrière étanche d’isolation acoustique, ladite couche de rigidification étant recouverte, à l’opposé de ladite couche intermédiaire, par une couche fibreuse poreuse ultra-compressible (8) présentant, selon la norme ISO 3386-1 (01.06.1986), une caractéristique de contrainte en compression CC75 inférieure à 20 kPa. Figure 1The invention relates to an acoustic protection panel (1) for a motor vehicle, said panel comprising: a shell (2) molded by thermocompression comprising successively: a porous fiber-based back layer (3), an intermediate layer (4) ) based on crushed recycled material, and a porous stiffening layer (5), said layer comprising a particulate or fibrous material mixed with a thermoplastic bonding agent; a spring layer (6) of elastically compressible polyurethane foam overmolding said back layer by at least partially penetrating it so as to form an over-densified crust (7) forming a tight soundproofing barrier, said stiffening layer being covered, opposite said intermediate layer, by an ultra-compressible porous fibrous layer (8) exhibiting, according to standard ISO 3386-1 (01.06.1986), a characteristic of CC75 compressive stress of less than 20 kPa. Figure 1
Description
L’invention concerne un panneau de protection acoustique pour véhicule automobile, un montage d’un tel panneau et un procédé de réalisation d’un tel panneau.The invention relates to an acoustic protection panel for a motor vehicle, an assembly of such a panel and a method of producing such a panel.
Il est connu de réaliser un panneau de protection acoustique pour véhicule automobile, ledit panneau comprenant :It is known to produce an acoustic protection panel for a motor vehicle, said panel comprising:
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une coque moulée par thermocompression comprenant successivement :
- une couche d’envers poreuse à base de fibres,
- une couche intermédiaire à base de broyat de matériau recyclé,
- et une couche de rigidification poreuse, ladite couche comprenant un matériau particulaire ou fibreux mélangé à un agent de liaison thermoplastique,
- a porous fiber-based backing layer,
- an intermediate layer based on shredded recycled material,
- and a porous stiffening layer, said layer comprising a particulate or fibrous material mixed with a thermoplastic bonding agent,
- une couche de ressort en mousse de polyuréthanne élastiquement compressible surmoulant ladite couche d’envers en la pénétrant au moins partiellement de manière à former une croûte sur-densifiée formant une barrière étanche d’isolation acoustique.a spring layer of elastically compressible polyurethane foam overmolding said backing layer by penetrating it at least partially so as to form an over-densified crust forming a sealed acoustic insulation barrier.
Une telle réalisation permet d’obtenir un panneau présentant à la fois des propriétés d’absorption et d’isolation acoustique.Such an embodiment makes it possible to obtain a panel having both absorption and sound insulation properties.
L’absorption est réalisée par la couche de rigidification, et éventuellement par la couche intermédiaire lorsqu’elle est poreuse.Absorption is achieved by the stiffening layer, and possibly by the intermediate layer when it is porous.
Quant à l’isolation, elle est générée par la barrière étanche en combinaison avec la masse de la couche intermédiaire additionnée à celles de la couche de rigidification et de la couche d’envers, l’ensemble formant une « couche massique » disposée sur la couche de ressort, de manière à réaliser une isolation de type « masse-ressort ».As for the insulation, it is generated by the waterproof barrier in combination with the mass of the intermediate layer added to those of the stiffening layer and the backing layer, the whole forming a "mass layer" arranged on the spring layer, so as to achieve a “mass-spring” type insulation.
La couche de rigidification permet d’apporter une absorption satisfaisante en hautes fréquences, notamment supérieures à 1000 Hz.The stiffening layer provides satisfactory absorption at high frequencies, especially above 1000 Hz.
Cependant, avec un tel agencement, l’absorption peut s’avérer insuffisante dans les moyennes fréquences, notamment entre 500 et 1000 Hz.However, with such an arrangement, the absorption may prove to be insufficient in the medium frequencies, in particular between 500 and 1000 Hz.
L’absorption en moyennes fréquences pourrait être améliorée par l’ajout sur la couche de rigidification, à l’opposé de la couche intermédiaire, d’une couche fibreuse poreuse décomprimée.Mid-frequency absorption could be improved by adding a decompressed porous fibrous layer to the stiffening layer, opposite the intermediate layer.
Le problème est qu’une telle couche, pour pouvoir être efficace, doit présenter une épaisseur importante, par exemple de l’ordre de 15 mm, ce qui peut s’avérer incompatible avec les contraintes géométriques existant dans le véhicule.The problem is that such a layer, in order to be effective, must have a significant thickness, for example of the order of 15 mm, which may prove to be incompatible with the geometric constraints existing in the vehicle.
L’invention a pour but de proposer un agencement qui permette d’améliorer l’absorption en moyennes fréquences sans présenter d’impact notable en termes d’encombrement et d’interférence avec des éléments environnant le panneau.The object of the invention is to propose an arrangement which makes it possible to improve the absorption at medium frequencies without having any notable impact in terms of bulk and interference with elements surrounding the panel.
A cet effet, et selon un premier aspect, l’invention propose un panneau de protection acoustique pour véhicule automobile, ledit panneau comprenant :To this end, and according to a first aspect, the invention proposes an acoustic protection panel for a motor vehicle, said panel comprising:
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une coque moulée par thermocompression comprenant successivement :
- une couche d’envers poreuse à base de fibres,
- une couche intermédiaire à base de broyat de matériau recyclé,
- et une couche de rigidification poreuse, ladite couche comprenant un matériau particulaire ou fibreux mélangé à un agent de liaison thermoplastique,
- a porous fiber-based backing layer,
- an intermediate layer based on shredded recycled material,
- and a porous stiffening layer, said layer comprising a particulate or fibrous material mixed with a thermoplastic bonding agent,
- une couche de ressort en mousse de polyuréthanne élastiquement compressible surmoulant ladite couche d’envers en la pénétrant au moins partiellement de manière à former une croûte sur-densifiée formant une barrière étanche d’isolation acoustique,a spring layer of elastically compressible polyurethane foam overmolding said backing layer by penetrating it at least partially so as to form an over-densified crust forming a sealed acoustic insulation barrier,
ladite couche de rigidification étant recouverte, à l’opposé de ladite couche intermédiaire, par une couche fibreuse poreuse ultra-compressible présentant, selon la norme ISO 3386-1 (01.06.1986), une caractéristique de contrainte en compression CC75inférieure à 20 kPa.said stiffening layer being covered, opposite said intermediate layer, by an ultra-compressible porous fibrous layer having, according to standard ISO 3386-1 (01.06.1986), a compressive stress characteristic CC 75 of less than 20 kPa.
On rappelle ici que CC75correspond à une compression de 75% par rapport à l’épaisseur initiale de la couche ultra-compressible, c'est à dire que ladite couche une fois compressée présente une épaisseur de 25% de son épaisseur avant compression.It is recalled here that CC 75 corresponds to a compression of 75% relative to the initial thickness of the ultra-compressible layer, that is to say that said layer, once compressed, has a thickness of 25% of its thickness before compression.
La norme ISO 3386-1 (01.06.1986) est usuellement prévue pour mesurer la caractéristique de contrainte en compression d’un matériau cellulaire ; cependant, la demanderesse a choisi de l’utiliser pour mesurer cette même caractéristique sur la couche ultra-compressible prévue dans le cadre de l’invention.The ISO 3386-1 (06.01.1986) standard is usually intended to measure the compressive stress characteristic of a cellular material; however, the applicant chose to use it to measure this same characteristic on the ultra-compressible layer provided in the context of the invention.
Avec l’agencement proposé, la couche fibreuse ultra-compressible apporte une amélioration de l’absorption en moyennes fréquences.With the proposed arrangement, the ultra-compressible fibrous layer provides improved absorption at mid frequencies.
Et elle peut s’écraser de façon très importante lorsque l’environnement du panneau le requiert.And it can crash very heavily when the panel environment requires it.
Dans ce cas, la partie de couche ultra-compressible qui est comprimée continue, malgré sa compression, à jouer un rôle dans l’absorption acoustique réalisée par le panneau, même si cette absorption est décalée des moyennes fréquences vers des fréquences plus élevées.In this case, the part of the ultra-compressible layer which is compressed continues, despite its compression, to play a role in the acoustic absorption carried out by the panel, even if this absorption is shifted from the medium frequencies to the higher frequencies.
Selon d’autres aspects, l’invention propose un montage d’un tel panneau et un procédé de réalisation d’un tel panneau.According to other aspects, the invention proposes an assembly of such a panel and a method for producing such a panel.
D’autres particularités et avantages de l’invention apparaîtront dans la description qui suit, faite en référence aux figures jointes dans lesquelles :Other features and advantages of the invention will appear in the following description, made with reference to the attached figures in which:
sachant que les échantillons utilisés dans les figures 2 à 4 sont définis comme suit :knowing that the samples used in figures 2 to 4 are defined as follows:
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les courbes A sont relatives à un échantillon de panneau présentant les caractéristiques suivantes :
- coque de masse surfacique de 2000 g/m2et d’épaisseur de 7 mm (couche d’envers : 100 g/m2; couche intermédiaire : 600 g/m2; couche de rigidification fibreuse : 1300 g/m2),
- couche de ressort de masse volumique de 50 kg/m3, d’épaisseur de 18 mm et de module de Young quasi statique (voir dans la suite de la description sa méthode de mesure) de 30 kPa,
- hull with a surface mass of 2000 g/m 2 and a thickness of 7 mm (back layer: 100 g/m 2 ; intermediate layer: 600 g/m 2 ; fibrous stiffening layer: 1300 g/m 2 ),
- spring layer with a density of 50 kg/m 3 , a thickness of 18 mm and a quasi-static Young's modulus (see the rest of the description for its measurement method) of 30 kPa,
- les courbes B sont relatives à un échantillon selon la définition des courbes A, la masse surfacique de la couche de rigidification étant abaissée à 950 g/m2de manière à conserver la masse de la coque (l’impact sur l’absorption étant quasiment inchangé pour une telle densité élevée), pourvu en outre d’une couche ultra-compressible d’épaisseur de 15 mm, de masse volumique de 30 kg/m3, et de résistance au passage de l'air de 300 N.s.m-3,curves B relate to a sample according to the definition of curves A, the surface mass of the stiffening layer being lowered to 950 g/m 2 so as to retain the mass of the shell (the impact on absorption being almost unchanged for such a high density), further provided with an ultra-compressible layer with a thickness of 15 mm, a density of 30 kg/m 3 , and a resistance to the passage of air of 300 Nsm -3 ,
- les courbes C sont relatives à un échantillon selon la définition des courbes B pourvus en outre d’une couche résistive sous forme de non tissé de masse surfacique de 100 g/m2et de résistance au passage de l’air de 1000 N.s.m-3, la couche de rigidification étant abaissée à 850 g/m2de manière à conserver la masse de la coque (l’impact sur l’absorption étant quasiment inchangé pour une telle densité élevée).curves C relate to a sample according to the definition of curves B further provided with a resistive layer in the form of nonwoven with a surface mass of 100 g/m 2 and resistance to the passage of air of 1000 Nsm -3 , the stiffening layer being lowered to 850 g/m 2 so as to retain the mass of the shell (the impact on absorption being almost unchanged for such a high density).
En référence aux figures, on décrit à présent un panneau 1 de protection acoustique pour véhicule automobile, ledit panneau comprenant :With reference to the figures, a noise protection panel 1 for a motor vehicle will now be described, said panel comprising:
-
une coque 2 moulée par thermocompression comprenant successivement :
- une couche d’envers 3 poreuse à base de fibres, notamment en non tissé,
- une couche intermédiaire 4 à base de broyat de matériau recyclé,
- et une couche de rigidification 5 poreuse, ladite couche comprenant un matériau particulaire ou fibreux mélangé à un agent de liaison thermoplastique,
- a porous backing layer 3 based on fibers, in particular nonwoven,
- an intermediate layer 4 based on shredded recycled material,
- and a porous stiffening layer, said layer comprising a particulate or fibrous material mixed with a thermoplastic bonding agent,
- une couche de ressort 6 en mousse de polyuréthanne élastiquement compressible surmoulant ladite couche d’envers en la pénétrant au moins partiellement – ladite mousse pouvant pénétrer également, de façon non représentée, ladite couche intermédiaire – de manière à former une croûte 7 sur-densifiée formant une barrière étanche d’isolation acoustique,a spring layer 6 of elastically compressible polyurethane foam overmolding said backing layer by penetrating it at least partially – said foam possibly also penetrating, in a manner not shown, said intermediate layer – so as to form an over-densified crust 7 forming a watertight acoustic insulation barrier,
ladite couche de rigidification étant recouverte, à l’opposé de ladite couche intermédiaire, par une couche fibreuse poreuse ultra-compressible 8 présentant, selon la norme ISO 3386-1 (01.06.1986), une caractéristique de contrainte en compression CC75inférieure à 20 kPa.said stiffening layer being covered, opposite said intermediate layer, by an ultra-compressible porous fibrous layer 8 having, according to standard ISO 3386-1 (01.06.1986), a compressive stress characteristic CC 75 less than 20kPa.
On notera qu’il peut se produire, de façon non représentée, que la mousse de la couche de ressort 6 pénètre également partiellement la couche de rigidification 5 dans le cas où la couche intermédiaire 4 présente une étanchéité insuffisante à la mousse.It will be noted that it may happen, in a manner not shown, that the foam of the spring layer 6 also partially penetrates the stiffening layer 5 in the case where the intermediate layer 4 has an insufficient seal to the foam.
L’amélioration de l’absorption en moyennes fréquences, apportée par la couche ultra-compressible 8, est visualisée en figure 3 (voir les courbes B et C comparées à la courbe A).The improvement in absorption at medium frequencies, provided by the ultra-compressible layer 8, is visualized in FIG. 3 (see curves B and C compared with curve A).
Typiquement, la couche ultra-compressible 8 peut présenter une masse volumique inférieure à 35 kg/m3.Typically, the ultra-compressible layer 8 can have a density of less than 35 kg/m 3 .
Selon une réalisation, la couche ultra-compressible 8 est à base de fibres – notamment de polyéthylène téréphtalate – de titre inférieur à 2 dtex, et notamment inférieur à 1 dtex.According to one embodiment, the ultra-compressible layer 8 is based on fibers – in particular polyethylene terephthalate – with a titer of less than 2 dtex, and in particular less than 1 dtex.
Selon une réalisation, la couche ultra-compressible 8 présente une épaisseur nominale comprise entre 10 et 20 mm.According to one embodiment, the ultra-compressible layer 8 has a nominal thickness of between 10 and 20 mm.
Cette épaisseur peut être mesurée par exemple selon la norme NF EN ISO 5084, en vigueur à la date de priorité de la demande de brevet, avec un pied presseur de surface 2000+/-20 mm2sous une pression de 1+/-0,1 kPa.This thickness can be measured for example according to standard NF EN ISO 5084, in force on the priority date of the patent application, with a presser foot with a surface area of 2000 +/- 20 mm 2 under a pressure of 1 +/- 0 .1 kPa.
Selon une réalisation, la couche de rigidification 5 est à base de fibres de structure reliées entre elles par des fibres liantes comprenant une âme, par exemple en polyester, pourvue d’une gaine fusible, par exemple en co-polyester, ou par un liant à base de polypropylène.According to one embodiment, the stiffening layer 5 is based on structural fibers interconnected by binding fibers comprising a core, for example of polyester, provided with a fusible sheath, for example of co-polyester, or by a binder polypropylene based.
Selon une autre réalisation, la couche de rigidification 5 est à base de flocons de mousse de polyuréthanne élastiquement compressible liés entre eux par des fibres liantes comprenant une âme, par exemple en polyester, pourvue d’une gaine fusible, par exemple en co-polyester.According to another embodiment, the stiffening layer 5 is based on flakes of elastically compressible polyurethane foam linked together by binding fibers comprising a core, for example of polyester, provided with a fusible sheath, for example of co-polyester .
Selon une réalisation, la couche de rigidification 5 présente une masse surfacique comprise entre 500 et 2000 g/m2.According to one embodiment, the stiffening layer 5 has a surface weight of between 500 and 2000 g/m 2 .
Selon une réalisation, la couche de rigidification 5 présente un module de Young quasi-statique supérieur à 1 MPa.According to one embodiment, the stiffening layer 5 has a quasi-static Young's modulus greater than 1 MPa.
Le module de Young quasi-statique est mesuré par exemple en utilisant le QMA (Quasi-static Mechanical Analyser) de l’Université de Sherbrooke en très basse fréquence, entre 1 et 100 Hz, la valeur à 10 Hz ou 20 Hz étant prise comme référence (cf. thèse de doctorat de Manuel Etchessahar : « Caractérisation mécanique en basses fréquences des matériaux acoustiques », p.32-40, Le Mans 2002).The quasi-static Young's modulus is measured for example using the QMA (Quasi-static Mechanical Analyser) of the University of Sherbrooke at very low frequency, between 1 and 100 Hz, the value at 10 Hz or 20 Hz being taken as reference (cf. doctoral thesis by Manuel Etchessahar: “Mechanical characterization at low frequencies of acoustic materials”, p.32-40, Le Mans 2002).
La raideur de la couche de rigidification 5 résulte notamment de sa compression lors de la fabrication de la coque 2, compression que l’homme du métier saura aisément ajuster pour atteindre la raideur attendue.The stiffness of the stiffening layer 5 results in particular from its compression during the manufacture of the shell 2, compression that the person skilled in the art will be able to easily adjust to achieve the expected stiffness.
Selon une réalisation, la couche intermédiaire 4 présente une masse surfacique comprise entre 500 et 3000 g/m².According to one embodiment, the intermediate layer 4 has a surface weight of between 500 and 3000 g/m².
Selon diverses réalisations, la couche intermédiaire 4 est à base :According to various embodiments, the intermediate layer 4 is based:
- d’élastomère thermoplastique chargé avec une poudre minérale,thermoplastic elastomer loaded with mineral powder,
- et/ou de fibres,and/or fibers,
- et/ou de polyvinyle butyral (PVB).and/or polyvinyl butyral (PVB).
Selon une réalisation, la couche d’envers 3 présente une masse surfacique comprise entre 20 et 150 g/m2.According to one embodiment, the backing layer 3 has a surface weight of between 20 and 150 g/m 2 .
Selon une réalisation, la coque 2 présente une épaisseur comprise entre 3 et 15 mm.According to one embodiment, the shell 2 has a thickness of between 3 and 15 mm.
Selon diverses réalisations, les couches 3,4,5 de la coque sont associées entre elles par aiguilletage et/ou par collage à l’aide de la fusion, au moins partielle, de la couche intermédiaire 4.According to various embodiments, the layers 3,4,5 of the shell are joined together by needling and/or by gluing using the at least partial fusion of the intermediate layer 4.
Selon une réalisation, la couche de ressort 6 présente une masse volumique comprise entre 40 et 60 kg/m3.According to one embodiment, the spring layer 6 has a density of between 40 and 60 kg/m 3 .
Selon la réalisation représentée, le panneau 1 comprend en outre, disposée sur la face externe de la couche ultra-compressible 8, une couche résistive 9 de non tissé de masse surfacique comprise entre 20 et 150 g/m2et de résistance au passage de l'air comprise entre 200 et 2000 N.s.m-3, ladite résistance au passage de l'air étant supérieure à celle de ladite couche ultra-compressible.According to the embodiment shown, the panel 1 further comprises, arranged on the outer face of the ultra-compressible layer 8, a resistive layer 9 of nonwoven with a surface mass of between 20 and 150 g/m 2 and resistance to the passage of air between 200 and 2000 Nsm -3 , said resistance to the passage of air being greater than that of said ultra-compressible layer.
L’ajout d’une couche résistive 9 sur la couche ultra-compressible 8 permet une optimisation de l’absorption, notamment dans le domaine des moyennes fréquences (voir courbe C, figure 3).The addition of a resistive layer 9 on the ultra-compressible layer 8 allows an optimization of the absorption, in particular in the field of medium frequencies (see curve C, figure 3).
En effet, le recouvrement de la couche ultra-compressible 8 par la couche résistive 9, présentant une résistance au passage de l'air supérieure à celle de ladite couche ultra-compressible, permet de mettre en œuvre un effet « bi-perméable », tel que décrit notamment par J.F. Allard dans l’ouvrage « Sound propagation in porous media », Elsevier, 2ndedition 2009, p.266-271, un tel effet permettant, comme mentionné ci-dessus, d’optimiser l’absorption en moyennes fréquences.Indeed, the covering of the ultra-compressible layer 8 by the resistive layer 9, having a resistance to the passage of air greater than that of said ultra-compressible layer, makes it possible to implement a "bi-permeable" effect, as described in particular by JF Allard in the work "Sound propagation in porous media", Elsevier, 2nd edition 2009, p.266-271 , such an effect making it possible, as mentioned above, to optimize the absorption in medium frequencies.
On voit que la couche résistive 9 permet aussi une amélioration de l’isolation en hautes fréquences typiquement au-delà de 1000 Hz (courbe C, figure 2).It can be seen that the resistive layer 9 also allows an improvement in the insulation at high frequencies typically beyond 1000 Hz (curve C, FIG. 2).
L’amélioration de l’isolation en hautes fréquences et de l’absorption en moyennes fréquences se traduisent par un gain significatif en réduction du bruit sur presque toute la plage de fréquences, avec une amélioration de 3 à 5 dB entre 500 Hz et 10 kHz (figure 4).Improved high-frequency isolation and mid-frequency absorption results in a significant gain in noise reduction over nearly the entire frequency range, with a 3-5dB improvement between 500Hz and 10kHz (figure 4).
Il en résulte que l’on peut, à iso-performance acoustique, baisser le poids des panneaux 1, notamment de l’ordre de 30% avec la couche résistive 9, avec la mise en œuvre de l’agencement proposé.As a result, it is possible, with acoustic iso-performance, to reduce the weight of the panels 1, in particular by around 30% with the resistive layer 9, with the implementation of the proposed arrangement.
On décrit à présent, un montage d’un tel panneau 1 dans un véhicule automobile, ledit montage comprenant :We now describe an assembly of such a panel 1 in a motor vehicle, said assembly comprising:
- ledit panneau,said panel,
- une tôle 10 – notamment de tablier – contre laquelle est posé ledit panneau du côté de sa couche de ressort 6,a sheet 10 – in particular of the apron – against which said panel is placed on the side of its spring layer 6,
-
et au choix, non exclusif l’un de l’autre :
- un premier type d’organe 11 – par exemple un passage de câble – traversant ledit panneau au travers d’un orifice 12, ledit organe présentant une couronne 13 saillant radialement, ladite couronne prenant appui, selon toute sa périphérie, en contact serrant contre la couche de rigidification 5, la couche ultra-compressible 8 ayant été évidée dans la zone dudit contact de manière à ne pas s’interposer entre ladite couronne et ladite couche de rigidification,
- et/ou un deuxième type d’organe 14 – par exemple un bloc de climatisation – plaqué du côté de ladite couche ultra-compressible contre ledit panneau de manière à réaliser un écrasement localisé de ladite couche d’au moins 75% de son épaisseur nominale.
- a first type of member 11 - for example a cable passage - passing through said panel through an orifice 12, said member having a ring 13 projecting radially, said ring bearing, along its entire periphery, in tight contact against the stiffening layer 5, the ultra-compressible layer 8 having been hollowed out in the zone of said contact so as not to come between said crown and said stiffening layer,
- and/or a second type of member 14 – for example an air conditioning block – pressed on the side of said ultra-compressible layer against said panel so as to achieve localized crushing of said layer by at least 75% of its nominal thickness .
La figure 1 présente à la fois les deux cas, impliquant un premier 11 et un deuxième 14 organe.Figure 1 shows both cases, involving a first 11 and a second 14 member.
Dans le premier cas, on assure une protection acoustique optimisée au niveau d’un passage d’organe 11 traversant.In the first case, an optimized acoustic protection is ensured at the level of a passage of a through member 11.
En effet, la couronne 13 prend appui sur la couche de rigidification qui va réaliser une absorption du bruit propagé par des fuites éventuelles au niveau de l’orifice 12, une telle absorption ne pouvant se faire quand ladite couronne vient prendre appui contre une « couche massique » à base d’élastomère chargé en charge minérale, comme on peut en trouver dans certains agencements de type « masse-ressort ».In fact, crown 13 rests on the stiffening layer which will absorb the noise propagated by possible leaks at the level of orifice 12, such absorption not being possible when said crown comes to bear against a "layer mass” based on an elastomer filled with mineral filler, as can be found in certain arrangements of the “mass-spring” type.
Dans le deuxième cas, la forte propension à la compression de la couche ultra-compressible 8 permet que le panneau 1 puisse être monté dans le véhicule malgré la présence d’un organe du deuxième type 14 qui aurait pu générer une impossibilité géométrique de réaliser le montage.In the second case, the strong propensity for compression of the ultra-compressible layer 8 allows the panel 1 to be mounted in the vehicle despite the presence of a member of the second type 14 which could have generated a geometric impossibility of carrying out the Assembly.
La partie de couche ultra-compressible 8 qui est comprimée par l’organe de deuxième type 14 continue, malgré sa compression, à jouer un rôle dans l’absorption acoustique réalisée par le panneau 1, même si cette absorption est décalée des moyennes fréquences vers des fréquences plus élevées.The part of the ultra-compressible layer 8 which is compressed by the second type member 14 continues, despite its compression, to play a role in the acoustic absorption produced by the panel 1, even if this absorption is shifted from the medium frequencies to higher frequencies.
Il est donc souhaitable de minimiser les zones comprimées de la couche ultra-compressible 8 qui doivent, de façon idéale, représenter moins de 25% de la surface totale de ladite couche.It is therefore desirable to minimize the compressed zones of the ultra-compressible layer 8 which should, ideally, represent less than 25% of the total surface of said layer.
On décrit enfin un procédé de réalisation d’un tel panneau 1, ledit procédé comprenant les étapes suivantes :Finally, a method for producing such a panel 1 is described, said method comprising the following steps:
-
réaliser un complexe comprenant :
- une couche d’envers 3 poreuse à base de fibres,
- une couche intermédiaire 4 à base de broyat de matériau recyclé, mis en place par exemple par saupoudrage,
- et une couche de rigidification 5 poreuse, ladite couche de rigidification comprenant un matériau particulaire ou fibreux mélangé à un agent de liaison thermoplastique,
- a porous backing layer 3 based on fibres,
- an intermediate layer 4 based on shredded recycled material, put in place for example by sprinkling,
- and a porous stiffening layer, said stiffening layer comprising a particulate or fibrous material mixed with a thermoplastic bonding agent,
- chauffer ledit complexe à une température permettant son moulage à chaud,heating said complex to a temperature allowing it to be hot moulded,
- disposer ledit complexe une fois chauffé dans un moule de thermocompression de manière à réaliser une coque 2 tridimensionnelle,place said complex once heated in a thermocompression mold so as to produce a three-dimensional shell 2,
- après refroidissement, démouler ladite coque obtenue,after cooling, unmold said shell obtained,
- disposer ladite coque dans un moule de moulage par injection-réaction (RIM) définissant une cavité de moulage, ladite couche d’envers étant tournée vers ladite cavité, un espace étant laissé vacant entre ladite couche d’envers et une paroi de ladite cavité,placing said shell in a reaction injection molding (RIM) mold defining a molding cavity, said backing layer facing said cavity, a space being left vacant between said backing layer and a wall of said cavity,
- injecter dans ledit espace un mélange précurseur de mousse de polyuréthanne élastiquement compressible, de sorte que la mousse surmoule ladite couche d’envers en la pénétrant au moins partiellement, et en pénétrant éventuellement ladite couche intermédiaire, de manière à former une croûte 7 sur-densifiée formant une barrière étanche d’isolation acoustique,injecting into said space a precursor mixture of elastically compressible polyurethane foam, so that the foam overmolds said backing layer by penetrating it at least partially, and possibly penetrating said intermediate layer, so as to form an over-densified crust 7 forming a watertight acoustic insulation barrier,
- après expansion de la mousse dans ledit espace, de manière à former une couche de ressort 6, démouler l’ensemble obtenu,after expansion of the foam in said space, so as to form a layer of spring 6, unmold the assembly obtained,
ledit procédé comprenant en outre une étape de fixation – par exemple par collage ou par soudure – sur la face de ladite couche de rigidification opposée à ladite couche intermédiaire, d’une couche fibreuse poreuse ultra-compressible 8 présentant, selon la norme ISO 3386-1 (01.06.1986), une caractéristique de contrainte en compression CC75inférieure à 20 kPa.said method further comprising a step of fixing - for example by gluing or by welding - on the face of said stiffening layer opposite to said intermediate layer, an ultra-compressible porous fibrous layer 8 having, according to standard ISO 3386- 1 (06.01.1986), a CC 75 compressive stress characteristic of less than 20 kPa.
Selon une réalisation, la couche ultra-compressible 8 peut être pourvue sur sa face externe d’une couche résistive 9 telle que précédemment décrite.According to one embodiment, the ultra-compressible layer 8 can be provided on its outer face with a resistive layer 9 as previously described.
Claims (10)
- une coque (2) moulée par thermocompression comprenant successivement :
- une couche d’envers (3) poreuse à base de fibres,
- une couche intermédiaire (4) à base de broyat de matériau recyclé,
- et une couche de rigidification (5) poreuse, ladite couche comprenant un matériau particulaire ou fibreux mélangé à un agent de liaison thermoplastique,
- une couche de ressort (6) en mousse de polyuréthanne élastiquement compressible surmoulant ladite couche d’envers en la pénétrant au moins partiellement de manière à former une croûte (7) sur-densifiée formant une barrière étanche d’isolation acoustique,
- a shell (2) molded by thermocompression successively comprising:
- a porous backing layer (3) based on fibres,
- an intermediate layer (4) based on shredded recycled material,
- and a porous stiffening layer (5), said layer comprising a particulate or fibrous material mixed with a thermoplastic bonding agent,
- a spring layer (6) of elastically compressible polyurethane foam overmolding said backing layer by penetrating it at least partially so as to form an over-densified crust (7) forming a sealed acoustic insulation barrier,
- ledit panneau,
- une tôle (10) contre laquelle est posé ledit panneau du côté de sa couche de ressort (6),
- et au choix, non exclusif l’un de l’autre :
- un premier type d’organe (11) traversant ledit panneau au travers d’un orifice (12), ledit organe présentant une couronne (13) saillant radialement, ladite couronne prenant appui, selon toute sa périphérie, en contact serrant contre la couche de rigidification (5), la couche ultra-compressible (8) ayant été évidée dans la zone dudit contact de manière à ne pas s’interposer entre ladite couronne et ladite couche de rigidification,
- et/ou un deuxième type d’organe (14) plaqué du côté de ladite couche ultra-compressible contre ledit panneau de manière à réaliser un écrasement localisé de ladite couche d’au moins 75% de son épaisseur nominale.
- said panel,
- a sheet (10) against which said panel is placed on the side of its spring layer (6),
- and optionally, not mutually exclusive:
- a first type of member (11) passing through said panel through an orifice (12), said member having a ring (13) projecting radially, said ring bearing, along its entire periphery, in tight contact against the layer of stiffening (5), the ultra-compressible layer (8) having been hollowed out in the zone of said contact so as not to come between said crown and said stiffening layer,
- and/or a second type of member (14) pressed on the side of said ultra-compressible layer against said panel so as to effect localized crushing of said layer by at least 75% of its nominal thickness.
- réaliser un complexe comprenant :
- une couche d’envers (3) poreuse à base de fibres,
- une couche intermédiaire (4) à base de broyat de matériau recyclé,
- et une couche de rigidification (5) poreuse, ladite couche de rigidification comprenant un matériau particulaire ou fibreux mélangé à un agent de liaison thermoplastique,
- chauffer ledit complexe à une température permettant son moulage à chaud,
- disposer ledit complexe une fois chauffé dans un moule de thermocompression de manière à réaliser une coque (2) tridimensionnelle,
- après refroidissement, démouler ladite coque obtenue,
- disposer ladite coque dans un moule de moulage par injection-réaction définissant une cavité de moulage, ladite couche d’envers étant tournée vers ladite cavité, un espace étant laissé vacant entre ladite couche d’envers et une paroi de ladite cavité,
- injecter dans ledit espace un mélange précurseur de mousse de polyuréthanne élastiquement compressible, de sorte que la mousse surmoule ladite couche d’envers en la pénétrant au moins partiellement, de manière à former une croûte (7) sur-densifiée formant une barrière étanche d’isolation acoustique,
- après expansion de la mousse dans ledit espace, de manière à former une couche de ressort (6), démouler l’ensemble obtenu,
- make a complex comprising:
- a porous backing layer (3) based on fibres,
- an intermediate layer (4) based on shredded recycled material,
- and a porous stiffening layer (5), said stiffening layer comprising a particulate or fibrous material mixed with a thermoplastic bonding agent,
- heating said complex to a temperature allowing it to be hot moulded,
- placing said complex once heated in a thermocompression mold so as to produce a three-dimensional shell (2),
- after cooling, unmold said shell obtained,
- placing said shell in a reaction injection molding mold defining a molding cavity, said backing layer facing said cavity, a space being left vacant between said backing layer and a wall of said cavity,
- injecting into said space a precursor mixture of elastically compressible polyurethane foam, so that the foam overmolds said backing layer by penetrating it at least partially, so as to form an over-densified crust (7) forming an impermeable barrier of soundproofing,
- after expansion of the foam in said space, so as to form a layer of spring (6), unmolding the assembly obtained,
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PCT/EP2020/067534 WO2020260302A1 (en) | 2019-06-25 | 2020-06-23 | Mounting of an acoustic protection panel on a motor vehicle sheet metal panel |
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US20220111804A1 (en) * | 2019-02-08 | 2022-04-14 | Treves Products, Services & Innovation | Sound protection screen for a motor vehicle engine compartment |
EP4197774A1 (en) * | 2021-12-20 | 2023-06-21 | Treves Products, Services & Innovation | Acoustic protection panel for a motor vehicle |
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FR3070899A1 (en) * | 2017-09-12 | 2019-03-15 | Cera Aps | INTERIOR TRIM PANEL OF MOTOR VEHICLE |
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2019
- 2019-06-25 FR FR1906900A patent/FR3097803B1/en active Active
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2020
- 2020-06-23 WO PCT/EP2020/067534 patent/WO2020260302A1/en active Application Filing
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US20180268800A1 (en) * | 2017-03-17 | 2018-09-20 | Carl Freudenberg Kg | Sound-absorbing textile composite |
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Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20220111804A1 (en) * | 2019-02-08 | 2022-04-14 | Treves Products, Services & Innovation | Sound protection screen for a motor vehicle engine compartment |
EP4197774A1 (en) * | 2021-12-20 | 2023-06-21 | Treves Products, Services & Innovation | Acoustic protection panel for a motor vehicle |
FR3130688A1 (en) * | 2021-12-20 | 2023-06-23 | Treves Products, Services & Innovation | Acoustic protection panel for motor vehicle |
Also Published As
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WO2020260302A1 (en) | 2020-12-30 |
FR3097803B1 (en) | 2021-07-16 |
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