FR3064612B1 - RAILWAY VEHICLE WITH TANK AND PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAME - Google Patents
RAILWAY VEHICLE WITH TANK AND PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAME Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- FR3064612B1 FR3064612B1 FR1752634A FR1752634A FR3064612B1 FR 3064612 B1 FR3064612 B1 FR 3064612B1 FR 1752634 A FR1752634 A FR 1752634A FR 1752634 A FR1752634 A FR 1752634A FR 3064612 B1 FR3064612 B1 FR 3064612B1
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- Prior art keywords
- shell
- railway vehicle
- mold
- tank
- fuel
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 5
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000002828 fuel tank Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000012815 thermoplastic material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920003020 cross-linked polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004703 cross-linked polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001175 rotational moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003137 locomotive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61C—LOCOMOTIVES; MOTOR RAILCARS
- B61C17/00—Arrangement or disposition of parts; Details or accessories not otherwise provided for; Use of control gear and control systems
- B61C17/02—Bunkers; Tanks; Tenders; Water or fuel pick-up or scoop apparatus; Water or fuel supply fittings
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C41/00—Shaping by coating a mould, core or other substrate, i.e. by depositing material and stripping-off the shaped article; Apparatus therefor
- B29C41/02—Shaping by coating a mould, core or other substrate, i.e. by depositing material and stripping-off the shaped article; Apparatus therefor for making articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
- B29C41/04—Rotational or centrifugal casting, i.e. coating the inside of a mould by rotating the mould
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B1/00—Layered products having a non-planar shape
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B27/08—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/32—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
- B32B3/26—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer
- B32B3/266—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer characterised by an apertured layer, the apertures going through the whole thickness of the layer, e.g. expanded metal, perforated layer, slit layer regular cells B32B3/12
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
- B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61C—LOCOMOTIVES; MOTOR RAILCARS
- B61C5/00—Locomotives or motor railcars with IC engines or gas turbines
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
- B32B2250/24—All layers being polymeric
- B32B2250/242—All polymers belonging to those covered by group B32B27/32
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
- B32B2307/306—Resistant to heat
- B32B2307/3065—Flame resistant or retardant, fire resistant or retardant
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/70—Other properties
- B32B2307/732—Dimensional properties
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2605/00—Vehicles
- B32B2605/10—Trains
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Cooling, Air Intake And Gas Exhaust, And Fuel Tank Arrangements In Propulsion Units (AREA)
Abstract
Véhicule ferroviaire comprenant les éléments suivants : - une caisse montée sur des bogies munis de roues ; - un moteur thermique ; - un réservoir de carburant (14), relié au moteur thermique pour son alimentation en carburant, le réservoir (14) comprenant une coque (23) creuse fixée sous la caisse, laquelle coque (23) délimite un espace interne apte à contenir du carburant liquide ; caractérisé en ce que la coque (23) est faite en polymère thermoplastique réticulé.Railway vehicle comprising the following elements: - a body mounted on bogies equipped with wheels; - a heat engine; - A fuel tank (14) connected to the engine for its fuel supply, the tank (14) comprising a hollow shell (23) fixed under the body, which shell (23) defines an internal space capable of containing fuel liquid; characterized in that the shell (23) is made of cross-linked thermoplastic polymer.
Description
Véhicule ferroviaire à réservoir, et procédé de fabrication associéTank railway vehicle and method of manufacturing the same
La présente invention concerne un véhicule ferroviaire comprenant les éléments suivants : - une caisse montée sur des bogies munis de roues ; - un moteur thermique ; - un réservoir de carburant, relié au moteur thermique pour son alimentation en carburant, le réservoir comprenant une coque creuse fixée sous la caisse, laquelle coque délimite un espace interne apte à contenir du carburant liquide.The present invention relates to a railway vehicle comprising the following elements: a body mounted on bogies provided with wheels; - a heat engine; - A fuel tank connected to the engine for its fuel supply, the tank comprising a hollow shell fixed under the body, which shell defines an internal space adapted to contain liquid fuel.
Les locomotives destinées à circuler sur les voies non électrifiées sont généralement munies d’un moteur diesel qui assure leur propulsion. Le carburant nécessaire au fonctionnement du moteur diesel est contenu dans un réservoir, généralement de forme sensiblement parallélépipédique et situé au niveau de la face inférieure du véhicule. La contenance d’un tel réservoir varie généralement entre 500 L et environ 8000 L, selon les modèles et la longueur des trajets envisagés.Locomotives intended for use on non-electrified tracks are generally equipped with a diesel engine that propels them. The fuel required for the operation of the diesel engine is contained in a tank, generally of substantially parallelepipedal shape and located at the underside of the vehicle. The capacity of such a tank generally varies between 500 L and about 8000 L, depending on the models and the length of the journeys envisaged.
Ces réservoirs de carburant sont réalisés en métal, généralement en acier inoxydable, et ont des masses de l’ordre de 500 kg au minimum pour un réservoir de 1500 L. De plus, un tel réservoir nécessite un temps de fabrication de l’ordre de 60 heures.These fuel tanks are made of metal, usually stainless steel, and have masses of the order of 500 kg or more for a tank of 1500 L. In addition, such a tank requires a manufacturing time in the order of 60 hours.
Un but de l’invention est de fournir un véhicule ferroviaire muni d’un réservoir plus léger, et dont la fabrication nécessite des temps plus courts. A cet effet, l’invention a pour objet un véhicule ferroviaire du type précité, caractérisé en ce que la coque est faite en polymère thermoplastique réticulé.An object of the invention is to provide a rail vehicle with a lighter tank, and whose manufacture requires shorter times. For this purpose, the invention relates to a railway vehicle of the aforementioned type, characterized in that the shell is made of crosslinked thermoplastic polymer.
Selon des modes de réalisation particuliers, le véhicule ferroviaire selon l’invention comprend l’une ou plusieurs des caractéristiques suivantes, prise(s) isolément ou suivant toute combinaison techniquement possible : - la coque du réservoir est en polyéthylène réticulé et est formée d’une paroi d’épaisseur constante comprise entre 8 mm et 30 mm ; - la coque du réservoir est de forme sensiblement parallélépipédique et présente au moins une face latérale ; - la coque présente au moins un orifice latéral d’accès, ménagé dans une face latérale de la coque et permettant d’accéder à l’espace interne du réservoir depuis l’extérieur ; - la coque présente au moins un relief de rigidification sur au moins une face ; - la coque présente au moins un conduit traversant reliant deux faces opposées de la coque ; - la coque du réservoir comprend deux parties identiques délimitant chacune un espace interne, et comprenant chacune une face ouverte par laquelle les deux espaces internes communiquent ; et - le réservoir de carburant a une masse inférieure à 300 kg. L’invention a également pour objet un procédé de fabrication par rotomoulage d’une pièce de réservoir de carburant apte à équiper un véhicule ferroviaire, comprenant les étapes suivantes : - fourniture d’un moule installé sur un support rotatif apte à mettre le moule en rotation selon deux axes perpendiculaires ; - insertion de matériau thermoplastique sous forme de poudre dans le moule ; - chauffage et mise en rotation du moule autour des deux axes ; - arrêt du chauffage du moule ; et - arrêt de la rotation et extraction de la pièce de réservoir formée. L’invention sera mieux comprise à la lecture de la description qui va suivre, donnée uniquement à titre d’exemple, et faite en référence aux dessins annexés, parmi lesquels : - la figure 1 est une vue de côté en coupe partielle d’un véhicule ferroviaire selon l’invention ; - la figure 2 est une vue en perspective d’un réservoir de carburant du véhicule ferroviaire selon l’invention ; - la figure 3 est une vue identique à celle de la figure 2 d’une variante de réalisation du réservoir de carburant du véhicule ferroviaire selon l’invention ; - la figure 4 est une vue en perspective d’un dispositif de fabrication du réservoir de carburant d’un véhicule ferroviaire selon l’invention.According to particular embodiments, the railway vehicle according to the invention comprises one or more of the following characteristics, taken in isolation or in any technically possible combination: the shell of the tank is made of cross-linked polyethylene and is formed of a wall of constant thickness between 8 mm and 30 mm; - The shell of the tank is substantially parallelepipedal shape and has at least one side face; - The shell has at least one lateral access port, formed in a side face of the shell and to access the internal space of the tank from the outside; - The shell has at least one stiffening relief on at least one face; - The shell has at least one through conduit connecting two opposite faces of the shell; the shell of the reservoir comprises two identical parts each delimiting an internal space, and each comprising an open face through which the two internal spaces communicate; and the fuel tank has a mass of less than 300 kg. The subject of the invention is also a process for manufacturing by rotomolding a fuel tank part suitable for equipping a railway vehicle, comprising the following steps: providing a mold installed on a rotary support able to put the mold into position rotation along two perpendicular axes; insertion of thermoplastic material in powder form into the mold; heating and rotating the mold around the two axes; - stop the heating of the mold; and stopping the rotation and extracting the formed reservoir part. The invention will be better understood on reading the description which will follow, given solely by way of example, and with reference to the appended drawings, among which: FIG. 1 is a partial sectional side view of a railway vehicle according to the invention; FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a fuel tank of the railway vehicle according to the invention; - Figure 3 is a view identical to that of Figure 2 of an alternative embodiment of the fuel tank of the railway vehicle according to the invention; - Figure 4 is a perspective view of a device for manufacturing the fuel tank of a railway vehicle according to the invention.
Un véhicule ferroviaire 10 selon l’invention, représenté sur la figure 1, est une locomotive, apte à tracter au moins une voiture contenant des passagers ou des marchandises. Il comprend une caisse 11 portée par des bogies et des moyens de propulsion 12. Le véhicule 10 comprend en outre un réservoir 14 fixé sous la caisse 11 entre les bogies.A rail vehicle 10 according to the invention, shown in Figure 1, is a locomotive, capable of towing at least one car containing passengers or goods. It comprises a body 11 carried by bogies and propulsion means 12. The vehicle 10 further comprises a reservoir 14 fixed under the body 11 between the bogies.
Les moyens de propulsion 12 sont, par exemple, de type diesel-électrique. Ils comprennent un moteur thermique 16, par exemple un moteur diesel, relié pour son alimentation au réservoir 14. Comme connu en soi, le moteur thermique 16 est relié à un générateur électrique 18, par exemple au moyen d’un arbre en rotation. Les moyens de propulsion 12 comprennent enfin des moteurs électriques 20 portés par les bogies et propres à entraîner des roues 22.The propulsion means 12 are, for example, diesel-electric type. They include a heat engine 16, for example a diesel engine, connected for its supply to the tank 14. As known per se, the heat engine 16 is connected to an electric generator 18, for example by means of a rotating shaft. The propulsion means 12 finally comprise electric motors 20 carried by the bogies and suitable for driving wheels 22.
Le réservoir 14, représenté figure 2, comporte une coque 23 faite en matériau thermoplastique, par exemple en polyéthylène réticulé. La coque 23 est fixée sous la caisse 11 et est propre à contenir le carburant. La coque 23 est reliée fluidiquement aux moyens de propulsion 12 par au moins un tuyau d’alimentation 24 permettant le transport du carburant. La coque 23 est également reliée à au moins un tuyau de remplissage 26, permettant de renouveler le contenu en carburant lors des arrêts, ainsi qu’à au moins un tuyau d’évacuation de l’air 28, permettant l’échappement de l’air contenu dans la coque 23 lors du remplissage.The reservoir 14, shown in FIG. 2, comprises a shell 23 made of thermoplastic material, for example crosslinked polyethylene. The hull 23 is fixed under the body 11 and is suitable for containing the fuel. The shell 23 is fluidly connected to the propulsion means 12 by at least one supply pipe 24 for transporting the fuel. The hull 23 is also connected to at least one filling pipe 26, making it possible to renew the fuel content during stops, as well as at least one exhaust pipe 28, allowing the escape of the air contained in the shell 23 during filling.
En variante, le réservoir 14 présente deux tuyaux d’alimentation 24, deux tuyaux de remplissage 26 et deux tuyaux d’évacuation de l’air 28, situés de part et d’autre du véhicule 10, de manière symétrique par rapport à un plan médian transversal.Alternatively, the reservoir 14 has two supply pipes 24, two filling pipes 26 and two air evacuation pipes 28, located on either side of the vehicle 10, symmetrically with respect to a plane medial transverse.
La coque 23 délimite un espace interne clos sensiblement parallélépipédique. Elle présente une face inférieure 29, une face supérieure 30, ainsi que deux faces latérales 31 situées sur ses côtés orientés latéralement par rapport au véhicule ferroviaire 10. Sa longueur est comprise entre 3 mètres et 6 mètres, par exemple 4 mètres, et sa largeur est comprise entre 1 mètre et 3 mètres, par exemple 2 mètres. La hauteur de la coque 23 est comprise entre 100 mm et 500 mm, par exemple 200 mm. La coque 23 délimite un volume intérieur destiné à accueillir le carburant, dont le volume est compris entre 500 L et 8000 L, par exemple 1500 L.The shell 23 defines a substantially parallelepipedal closed internal space. It has a lower face 29, an upper face 30, and two lateral faces 31 located on its laterally oriented sides with respect to the railway vehicle 10. Its length is between 3 meters and 6 meters, for example 4 meters, and its width. is between 1 meter and 3 meters, for example 2 meters. The height of the shell 23 is between 100 mm and 500 mm, for example 200 mm. The hull 23 defines an interior volume intended to accommodate the fuel, whose volume is between 500 L and 8000 L, for example 1500 L.
La coque 23 est formée d’une paroi d’épaisseur constante, par exemple comprise entre 8 mm et 30 mm.The shell 23 is formed of a wall of constant thickness, for example between 8 mm and 30 mm.
Avantageusement, la coque 23 présente au moins un relief de rigidification 32, par exemple une rainure, à laquelle correspond une saillie à l’intérieur de la coque 23, l’épaisseur de la paroi de la coque 23 étant constante.Advantageously, the shell 23 has at least one stiffening relief 32, for example a groove, which corresponds to a projection inside the shell 23, the thickness of the wall of the shell 23 being constant.
La coque 23 présente également des orifices d’accès 34, destinés à l’entretien du réservoir 14. Ces orifices sont avantageusement situés sur les faces latérales 31, afin d’être accessibles sans avoir à démonter le réservoir 14. Chacun des orifices 34 est muni d’un filetage et est obturé par un bouchon vissé. Un joint torique d’étanchéité est interposé entre le bouchon et l’orifice 34.The shell 23 also has access orifices 34, intended for the maintenance of the reservoir 14. These orifices are advantageously located on the lateral faces 31, in order to be accessible without having to disassemble the reservoir 14. Each of the orifices 34 is has a thread and is closed by a screw cap. An O-ring seal is interposed between the plug and the orifice 34.
Avantageusement, la coque 23 présente de plus au moins un conduit traversant 36 reliant la face inférieure 29 et la face supérieure 30 et contribuant à rigidifier la coque 23. Avantageusement, le véhicule 10 comprend des bandes métalliques de support du réservoir, présentant deux extrémités fixées chacune d’un côté de la caisse 11 et passant sous le réservoir 14. Ces bandes métalliques renforcent la fixation du réservoir 14 en dessous de la caisse 11, et permettent de mieux répartir les contraintes mécaniques liées à la fixation, qui sinon sont localisées, par exemple, au niveau de chaque conduit traversant 36.Advantageously, the shell 23 has moreover at least one through conduit 36 connecting the lower face 29 and the upper face 30 and contributing to stiffen the shell 23. Advantageously, the vehicle 10 comprises metal bands for supporting the tank, having two ends attached each of one side of the box 11 and passing under the tank 14. These metal strips reinforce the fixing of the tank 14 below the body 11, and allow better distribution of the mechanical stresses related to the attachment, which are otherwise located, for example, at each through duct 36.
En variante, représentée figure 3, la coque 23 comprend deux parties 23A, 23B, identiques délimitant chacune un espace interne, par exemple sensiblement parallélépipédiques. Ces deux parties 23A, 23B présentent chacune, au niveau d’une zone de contact, une face ouverte par laquelle leurs espaces internes communiquent. Cette disposition permet de réduire la taille des pièces à fabriquer et donc de réduire les temps de fabrications associés.Alternatively, shown in Figure 3, the shell 23 comprises two parts 23A, 23B, each defining an internal space, for example substantially parallelepipedic. These two parts 23A, 23B each have, at a contact zone, an open face through which their internal spaces communicate. This arrangement makes it possible to reduce the size of the parts to be manufactured and thus to reduce the associated manufacturing times.
Le réservoir 14 décrit ci-dessus présente des avantages en termes de légèreté, avec par exemple une masse inférieure à 300 kg pour une contenance de 1500 L, nettement inférieure à celle d’un réservoir similaire en métal, qui est supérieure à 500 kg. Le polyéthylène réticulé présente de plus une bonne résistance mécanique et une bonne résistance au feu, nécessaires pour l’utilisation du réservoir dans un véhicule ferroviaire.The reservoir 14 described above has advantages in terms of lightness, with for example a mass less than 300 kg for a capacity of 1500 L, much lower than that of a similar tank of metal, which is greater than 500 kg. The crosslinked polyethylene further has good mechanical strength and good fire resistance, necessary for the use of the tank in a railway vehicle.
Un procédé de fabrication d’une pièce du réservoir 14 par rotomoulage va maintenant être décrit, en référence à la figure 4. Cette pièce est par exemple la coque 23, ou un des différents tuyaux 24, 26, 28. Ce procédé comprend les étapes initiales suivantes : - fourniture d’un moule 50 apte à réaliser une pièce de la forme adaptée. Notamment, l’intérieur du moule 50 destiné au rotomoulage présente uniquement des angles supérieurs à 45°, qui permettent le libre écoulement du matériau dans le moule 50. Un tel moule 50 est par exemple formé de deux parties démontables 50A, 50B, réalisées en tôle d’acier. - fourniture de matériau thermoplastique, par exemple du polyéthylène, présentant une température de fusion, comprise entre 105°C et140°C dans le cas du polyéthylène, selon la densité du matériau. Le matériau thermoplastique est avantageusement fourni sous forme micronisée, c’est-à-dire sous la forme d’une poudre très fine, par exemple dont les grains ont un diamètre compris entre 100 pm et 500 pm, et remplissage du moule 50 avec une quantité adaptée du matériau thermoplastique. - installation du moule 50 sur un support tournant 54 apte à mettre le moule 50 en rotation selon deux axes A-A’ et B-B’ perpendiculaires entre eux, et muni d’éléments chauffants 56 aptes à faire monter la température interne du moule au-dessus de la température de fusion du matériau thermoplastique.A method of manufacturing a part of the tank 14 by rotational molding will now be described, with reference to Figure 4. This part is for example the shell 23, or one of the various pipes 24, 26, 28. This method comprises the steps following initials: - supply of a mold 50 adapted to produce a piece of the adapted form. In particular, the interior of the mold 50 for rotational molding only has angles greater than 45 °, which allow free flow of the material in the mold 50. Such a mold 50 is for example formed of two removable parts 50A, 50B, made of galvanised steel. supply of thermoplastic material, for example polyethylene, having a melting point of between 105 ° C. and 140 ° C. in the case of polyethylene, depending on the density of the material. The thermoplastic material is advantageously provided in micronized form, that is to say in the form of a very fine powder, for example whose grains have a diameter of between 100 μm and 500 μm, and filling of the mold 50 with a suitable amount of the thermoplastic material. - Installation of the mold 50 on a rotating support 54 adapted to put the mold 50 in rotation along two axes A-A 'and B-B' perpendicular to each other, and provided with heating elements 56 able to increase the internal temperature of the mold above the melting temperature of the thermoplastic material.
Le procédé de fabrication comporte ensuite une étape de chauffe du contenu du moule, au moyen des éléments chauffants 56 positionnés sur le moule 50. La température à l’intérieur du moule 50 est montée au-dessus de la température de fusion du matériau thermoplastique, qui devient alors liquide.The manufacturing process then comprises a step of heating the contents of the mold, by means of the heating elements 56 positioned on the mold 50. The temperature inside the mold 50 is mounted above the melting temperature of the thermoplastic material, which then becomes liquid.
Le moule est alors mis en rotation suffisamment rapide selon les axes A-A’ et B-B’ simultanément, afin de répartir le matériau thermoplastique sur toute la surface intérieure du moule 50, qui forme alors une couche homogène d’épaisseur sensiblement constante.The mold is then rotated sufficiently fast along the axes A-A 'and B-B' simultaneously, in order to distribute the thermoplastic material over the entire inner surface of the mold 50, which then forms a homogeneous layer of substantially constant thickness.
La chauffe du moule 50 est arrêtée alors que le moule 50 est maintenu en rotation, et la température intérieure du moule 50 redescend, entraînant une solidification du matériau thermoplastique qui conserve la forme d’une couche homogène sur toute la surface intérieure du moule 50.The heating of the mold 50 is stopped while the mold 50 is kept in rotation, and the internal temperature of the mold 50 goes down, resulting in solidification of the thermoplastic material which retains the shape of a homogeneous layer on the entire inner surface of the mold 50.
Le procédé de fabrication se termine par l’arrêt de la rotation et l’ouverture du moule pour extraire la pièce fabriquée.The manufacturing process ends with stopping rotation and opening the mold to extract the fabricated part.
Ce procédé est par exemple utilisé pour fabriquer la coque 23, un tuyau d’alimentation 24, un tuyau de remplissage 26 ou un tuyau d’évacuation de l’air 28. Le procédé selon l’invention permet de réduire les temps de fabrication, et donc les coûts, de manière importante.This method is for example used to manufacture the shell 23, a feed pipe 24, a filling pipe 26 or an air discharge pipe 28. The method according to the invention makes it possible to reduce the manufacturing times, and therefore the costs, importantly.
En variante, la coque 23 du réservoir est faite en matériau polymère multicouche.Alternatively, the shell 23 of the tank is made of multilayer polymeric material.
Claims (9)
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FR1752634A FR3064612B1 (en) | 2017-03-29 | 2017-03-29 | RAILWAY VEHICLE WITH TANK AND PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAME |
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FR1752634 | 2017-03-29 | ||
FR1752634A FR3064612B1 (en) | 2017-03-29 | 2017-03-29 | RAILWAY VEHICLE WITH TANK AND PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAME |
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DE1704381A1 (en) * | 1968-02-28 | 1971-06-16 | Thermovox Gmbh | Rotational casting process and device for the production of hollow bodies and open molded parts from plastics, and containers and molded parts produced in this way |
CH608441A5 (en) * | 1977-08-23 | 1979-01-15 | Schweizerische Lokomotiv | Vehicle body |
DE60034859T2 (en) * | 1999-03-04 | 2008-01-17 | KURARAY CO., LTD, Kurashiki | FUEL TANK |
US20030198768A1 (en) * | 2001-02-13 | 2003-10-23 | Ti Automotive Technology Center Gmbh | Fuel tank having a multilayer structure |
DE102005060246A1 (en) * | 2005-12-14 | 2007-06-21 | Elkamet Kunststofftechnik Gmbh | Fuel tank for vehicle, comprises metallic coating for avoidance of unwanted electromagnetic charging |
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