FR3063451A1 - MATERIAL DEPOSITION DEVICE FOR THREE DIMENSIONAL MANUFACTURING SYSTEM - Google Patents

MATERIAL DEPOSITION DEVICE FOR THREE DIMENSIONAL MANUFACTURING SYSTEM Download PDF

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Publication number
FR3063451A1
FR3063451A1 FR1700238A FR1700238A FR3063451A1 FR 3063451 A1 FR3063451 A1 FR 3063451A1 FR 1700238 A FR1700238 A FR 1700238A FR 1700238 A FR1700238 A FR 1700238A FR 3063451 A1 FR3063451 A1 FR 3063451A1
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Prior art keywords
screw
print head
sheath
volume
orifice
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FR1700238A
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French (fr)
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FR3063451B1 (en
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Gregory Sant
Bruno Pluchard
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B29C64/106—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material
    • B29C64/118—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material using filamentary material being melted, e.g. fused deposition modelling [FDM]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B29C64/205—Means for applying layers
    • B29C64/209—Heads; Nozzles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/02—Small extruding apparatus, e.g. handheld, toy or laboratory extruders
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/05—Filamentary, e.g. strands
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/15—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. extrusion moulding around inserts
    • B29C48/154—Coating solid articles, i.e. non-hollow articles
    • B29C48/155—Partial coating thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/285—Feeding the extrusion material to the extruder
    • B29C48/288—Feeding the extrusion material to the extruder in solid form, e.g. powder or granules
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/395—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders
    • B29C48/397—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders using a single screw
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50—Details of extruders
    • B29C48/501—Extruder feed section
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50—Details of extruders
    • B29C48/505—Screws
    • B29C48/53—Screws having a varying channel depth, e.g. varying the diameter of the longitudinal screw trunk
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/78—Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling
    • B29C48/793—Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling upstream of the plasticising zone, e.g. heating in the hopper
    • B29C48/797—Cooling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/78—Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling
    • B29C48/80—Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling at the plasticising zone, e.g. by heating cylinders
    • B29C48/802—Heating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/78—Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling
    • B29C48/86—Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling at the nozzle zone
    • B29C48/87—Cooling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B29C64/295—Heating elements

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une solution de tête de dépôt de matière principalement sous forme de granulés fusibles, adaptée à la fabrication additive qui comprend une trémie (22) emplie d'une matière fusible (2), qui est transformée, ou non, par l'action, ou non, d'un procédé thermique (9), et est acheminé par une vis sans fin (10) à axe à paliers multiples, vers une buse avec un orifice d'extrusion (3), préalablement choisi parmi un ensemble de diamètres disponibles, et permettant un débit variable et un refroidissement (29) de matière adapté, et que cette dite tête d'impression est fixée sur un support qui se déplace dans les trois dimensions, pour reconstituer par addition de couches successives, sur une surface préférablement plane, un volume préalablement défini numériquement, ou mécaniquement, puis interprété par un programme de pilotage adéquat du déplacement de la dite tête d'impression dans l'espace défini pour la construction de la pièce.The invention relates to a material deposition head solution mainly in the form of fusible granules, suitable for additive manufacturing, which comprises a hopper (22) filled with a fusible material (2), which is converted, or not, by the action, or not, of a thermal process (9), and is conveyed by a worm (10) with multi-stage axis, to a nozzle with an extrusion orifice (3), previously selected from a set of available diameters, and allowing variable flow and cooling (29) of suitable material, and that said print head is fixed on a support which moves in three dimensions, to reconstitute by adding successive layers, on a preferably flat surface, a volume previously defined numerically, or mechanically, then interpreted by a suitable control program of the displacement of said print head in the space defined for the construction of the part.

Description

® RÉPUBLIQUE FRANÇAISE® FRENCH REPUBLIC

INSTITUT NATIONAL DE LA PROPRIÉTÉ INDUSTRIELLE © N° de publication :NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY © Publication number:

(à n’utiliser que pour les commandes de reproduction)(to be used only for reproduction orders)

©) N° d’enregistrement national©) National registration number

063 451063 451

0023800238

COURBEVOIECOURBEVOIE

©) Int Cl8 : B 29 C 64/20 (2017.01), B 29 C 64/209, 64/295, 64/ 386, B 33 Y 30/00©) Int Cl 8 : B 29 C 64/20 (2017.01), B 29 C 64/209, 64/295, 64/386, B 33 Y 30/00

DEMANDE DE BREVET D'INVENTION A1A1 PATENT APPLICATION

(22) Date de dépôt : 06.03.17. (22) Date of filing: 06.03.17. © Demandeur(s) : SANT GREGORY— FR et PLU- © Applicant (s): SANT GREGORY— FR and PLU- (30) Priorité : (30) Priority: CHARD BRUNO— FR. CHARD BRUNO— FR. ©) Inventeur(s) : SANT GREGORY et PLUCHARD ©) Inventor (s): SANT GREGORY and PLUCHARD BRUNO. BRUNO. (43) Date de mise à la disposition du public de la (43) Date of public availability of the demande : 07.09.18 Bulletin 18/36. request: 07.09.18 Bulletin 18/36. ©) Liste des documents cités dans le rapport de ©) List of documents cited in the report recherche préliminaire : Se reporter à la fin du preliminary research: Refer to end of présent fascicule present booklet @) Références à d’autres documents nationaux @) References to other national documents ©) Titulaire(s) : SANT GREGORY, PLUCHARD BRUNO. ©) Holder (s): SANT GREGORY, PLUCHARD BRUNO. apparentés : related: ©) Demande(s) d’extension : ©) Extension request (s): @) Mandataire(s) : SANT GREGORY. @) Agent (s): SANT GREGORY.

DISPOSITIF DE DEPOT DE MATIERE POUR SYSTEME DE FABRICATION TRIDIMENSIONNELLE.MATERIAL DEPOSITION DEVICE FOR THREE - DIMENSIONAL MANUFACTURING SYSTEM.

FR 3 063 451 - A1 _ L'invention concerne une solution de tête de dépôt de matière principalement sous forme de granulés fusibles, adaptée à la fabrication additive qui comprend une trémie (22) emplie d'une matière fusible (2), qui est transformée, ou non, par l'action, ou non, d'un procédé thermique (9), et est acheminé par une vis sans fin (10) à axe à paliers multiples, vers une buse avec un orifice d'extrusion (3), préalablement choisi parmi un ensemble de diamètres disponibles, et permettant un débit variable et un refroidissement (29) de matière adapté, et que cette dite tête d'impression est fixée sur un support qui se déplace dans les trois dimensions, pour reconstituer par addition de couches successives, sur une surface préférablement plane, un volume préalablement défini numériquement, ou mécaniquement, puis interprété par un programme de pilotage adéquat du déplacement de la dite tête d'impression dans l'espace défini pour la construction de la pièce.FR 3 063 451 - A1 _ The invention relates to a material deposition head solution mainly in the form of fusible granules, suitable for additive manufacturing which comprises a hopper (22) filled with a fusible material (2), which is transformed, or not, by the action, or not, of a thermal process (9), and is conveyed by an endless screw (10) with axis with multiple bearings, towards a nozzle with an extrusion orifice (3 ), previously chosen from a set of available diameters, and allowing a variable flow rate and a cooling (29) of suitable material, and that said print head is fixed on a support which moves in three dimensions, to reconstitute by addition of successive layers, on a preferably flat surface, a volume defined beforehand numerically, or mechanically, then interpreted by an adequate control program of the displacement of said print head in the space defined for the construction of e the room.

Figure FR3063451A1_D0001
Figure FR3063451A1_D0002
Figure FR3063451A1_D0003
Figure FR3063451A1_D0004

CONSOMMABLECONSUMABLE

-1La présente invention concerne un dispositif de dépôt de matière fusible ou non pour fabrication additive.The present invention relates to a device for depositing meltable material or not for additive manufacturing.

Les dispositifs de fabrication tridimensionnelle ont souvent une gamme limitée de 5 matériaux, des finitions perfectibles, et un délai de fabrication des pièces relativement long.Three-dimensional manufacturing devices often have a limited range of 5 materials, perfectible finishes, and a relatively long lead time for parts.

De nombreuses solutions existent sur le marché, mais ne répondent pas forcément à ces trois critères très attendus des industriels.Many solutions exist on the market, but do not necessarily meet these three criteria, which are highly anticipated by manufacturers.

L’invention décrit un dispositif de fabrication tridimensionnel performant associant ces trois critères les plus attendus par les industriels.The invention describes an efficient three-dimensional manufacturing device combining these three criteria most awaited by manufacturers.

L’invention définit une solution permettant l’utilisation de consommable sous forme de granulés et/ou de billes, entre autre, de poudres, de flocons, de pâtes similaires à ceux utilisés entre autre dans l’industrie.The invention defines a solution allowing the use of consumables in the form of granules and / or beads, inter alia, powders, flakes, pastes similar to those used inter alia in the industry.

L’invention décrite peut utiliser des matériaux standards permettant une réduction substantielle des coûts de consommable, et permettre l’accès à de nombreux matériaux avec des fiches techniques identifiées.The invention described can use standard materials allowing a substantial reduction in consumable costs, and allow access to many materials with identified technical sheets.

L’invention permet la fabrication de pièces de série, aux caractéristiques mécaniques souvent très supérieures aux pièces réalisées dans des process de fabrication standards (injection, thermoformage, usinage).The invention allows the production of serial parts, with mechanical characteristics often much superior to the parts produced in standard manufacturing processes (injection, thermoforming, machining).

L’invention comprend une tête d’impression (1) emplie d’une matière fusible (2), ou non, 20 principalement sous forme de granulés thermoplastiques, qui diffuse cette dite matière par l’intermédiaire d’un orifice (3) (figure 1), et que cette dite tête d’impression est fixée sur un support qui se déplace dans les trois dimensions (figure 2), ou plus (figure 3), pour reconstituer par addition de couches successives (6), sur une surface plane ou non (7) (figure 1), un volume préalablement défini numériquement, et interprété par un programme numérique commandant un pilotage adéquat du déplacement de cette dite tête d’impression dans l’espace défini pour la construction de la pièce.The invention comprises a print head (1) filled with a fusible material (2), or not, mainly in the form of thermoplastic granules, which diffuses this said material via an orifice (3) ( Figure 1), and that said print head is fixed on a support which moves in three dimensions (Figure 2), or more (Figure 3), to reconstruct by adding successive layers (6), on a surface flat or not (7) (FIG. 1), a volume defined beforehand digitally, and interpreted by a digital program controlling an adequate control of the displacement of this said print head in the space defined for the construction of the part.

L’invention comprend une tête d’impression emplie d’une matière fusible, ou non, plastique, cire, purée, compote, saumure, gel, entre autre, est mise en température ou non, intégrée dans un fourreau cylindrique (8) (figure 1), en métal, ou céramique ou tout autre matériau conducteur de chaleur ou non, par l’intermédiaire d’un système chauffant par résistance (9), par induction, ou tout autre système de mise en température, est pilotée par un programme numérique, ou mécanique, pour que la dite matière puisse atteindre un état de transformation adapté à sa viscosité, permettant le passage de la dite matière par un orifice (3) situé à l’extrémitéThe invention includes a print head filled with a fusible material, or not, plastic, wax, mash, compote, brine, gel, among other things, is heated or not, integrated in a cylindrical sheath (8) ( Figure 1), made of metal, or ceramic or any other material which conducts heat or not, by means of a resistance heating system (9), by induction, or any other temperature setting system, is controlled by a digital or mechanical program so that said material can reach a state of transformation adapted to its viscosity, allowing said material to pass through an orifice (3) located at the end

-2de la tête, grâce à un piston, une vis (10), par gravité, ou par toute autre solution technique adaptée.-2from the head, using a piston, a screw (10), by gravity, or by any other suitable technical solution.

L’invention comprend une tête d’impression constitutive d’un équipement de fabrication additive, ou autre, qui dépose la matière par couches successives définies par un programme numérique ou mécanique, décomposant un volume en couches parallèles horizontales successives, ou non, avec un parcours de dépose ajusté de type cartésien (sur des axes X et Y) (11) (figure 2), ou vectoriel (sur des trajectoires tridimensionnelles X, Y, Z générées par des coordonnées polaires associées à des vecteurs de départ et d’arrivée) (12) et préférablement perpendiculairement au support sur lequel sera appliqué la dite matière, ce parcours pouvant être adapté à la dépose de matière perpendiculairement (13) (figure 4), ou non, à la surface externe ou interne (14) d’une pièce, ou d’un support, préalablement fixé (15) sur le plateau d’impression.The invention includes a print head constituting an additive manufacturing equipment, or other, which deposits the material in successive layers defined by a digital or mechanical program, breaking down a volume into successive horizontal parallel layers, or not, with a Cartesian-type adjusted delivery path (on X and Y axes) (11) (Figure 2), or vectorial (on three-dimensional paths X, Y, Z generated by polar coordinates associated with departure and arrival vectors ) (12) and preferably perpendicular to the support on which the said material will be applied, this path can be adapted to the removal of material perpendicularly (13) (FIG. 4), or not, to the external or internal surface (14) of a part, or a support, previously fixed (15) on the printing plate.

L’invention comprend un système de tête d’impression qui utilise directement des consommables sous différentes formes, granulé, poudre, flocon, gel, pâte, purée, compote, saumure, fusible ou non, qui sont amenés dans une trémie (26) placée préférablement sur la partie supérieure d’un fourreau (8) (figure 1), et dont ces dit consommables sont mis en température, ou non, en fonction des matériaux utilisés, pilotés indépendamment avec un contrôle des températurés effectué par un programme numérique (16) ou mécanique, et maintenu à une température suffisamment constante, et qui génère des gradients de températures adaptés en fonction du type de matière, et son type mise en forme, pour que le dit consommable puisse se déplacer vers l’orifice de sortie (3), une vis sans fin (10) en rotation (figure 5) dans le sens normal est activée avec une vitesse angulaire commandée par le programme en fonction de paramètres matériau et résolution définis dans le programme de commande.The invention comprises a printhead system which directly uses consumables in different forms, granulate, powder, flake, gel, paste, puree, compote, brine, fusible or not, which are brought into a hopper (26) placed preferably on the upper part of a sheath (8) (FIG. 1), and of which these said consumables are brought to temperature, or not, depending on the materials used, controlled independently with a temperature control carried out by a digital program (16 ) or mechanical, and maintained at a sufficiently constant temperature, and which generates temperature gradients adapted according to the type of material, and its type shaped, so that said consumable can move towards the outlet orifice (3 ), a worm (10) rotating (Figure 5) in the normal direction is activated with an angular speed controlled by the program according to material and resolution parameters defined in the control program.

L’invention comprend une tête d’impression (1) (figure 5) intégrant une vis sans fin (10) (figure 6), dont l’axe comprend trois paliers différents D2, D3, D4, ou plus, de longueur sensiblement équivalentes, avec un diamètre de l’axe plus important au palier inférieur dl, pour créer une compression de la matière en réduisant le volume entre l’axe de la vis dl (17) et la paroi intérieure du fourreau (8), et dont la longueur d’axe de vis Dl a un rapport préférablement proche de vingt fois celui dé son diamètre dl, et dont l’extrémité est composée d’un embout en forme hémisphérique (18), la vis (10) comprenant un pas constant (19), mais qui peut être variable, est ajusté à la forme de la trémie et du fourreau.The invention includes a print head (1) (Figure 5) incorporating a worm (10) (Figure 6), the axis of which comprises three different bearings D2, D3, D4, or more, of substantially equivalent length , with a larger axis diameter at the lower bearing dl, to create a compression of the material by reducing the volume between the axis of the screw dl (17) and the inner wall of the sleeve (8), and the length of screw axis Dl preferably has a ratio close to twenty times that of its diameter dl, and the end of which is composed of a hemispherical-shaped endpiece (18), the screw (10) comprising a constant pitch (19 ), but which can be variable, is adjusted to the shape of the hopper and the sheath.

L’invention est constituée d’une vis (10) intégrée dans la tête d’impression (1) (figure 1) est qui surmontée d’un accouplement avec un moteur (20), ou directement associée à l’axe du moteur (21), et entre lesquels une arrivée de matière brute (22) alimente par gravité la vis (figureThe invention consists of a screw (10) integrated in the print head (1) (Figure 1) which is surmounted by a coupling with a motor (20), or directly associated with the axis of the motor ( 21), and between which a raw material inlet (22) feeds the screw by gravity (figure

-34), qui comprend dans ce volume (16), une largeur du filet (23) de vis plus importante, pour acheminer progressivement la matière vers le fourreau (8), lors de la rotation de la dite vis (10).-34), which comprises in this volume (16), a greater width of the thread (23) of the screw, for progressively conveying the material towards the sheath (8), during the rotation of the said screw (10).

L’invention comprend un fourreau (8) constitutif de la tête d’impression, qui est associé à son extrémité, à une bague amovible (24) (figure 7), ou non, comprenant un certain nombre de canaux parallèles (26), par lesquels passe la matière et qui ont pour effet de supprimer la rotation de l’extrusion en sortie de l’orifice (8), et à laquelle les buses amovibles (25) (figure 8), ou non, peuvent être vissées, ou assemblées, pour être inter-changées, pour leur nettoyage et maintenance, mais aussi pour en changer facilement le diamètre de l’orifice de sortie (8) de la matière : 0,1mm, 0,2mm etc.The invention comprises a sheath (8) constituting the print head, which is associated at its end, with a removable ring (24) (FIG. 7), or not, comprising a number of parallel channels (26), through which the material passes and which have the effect of suppressing the rotation of the extrusion at the outlet of the orifice (8), and to which the removable nozzles (25) (FIG. 8), or not, can be screwed, or assembled, to be interchanged, for cleaning and maintenance, but also to easily change the diameter of the outlet (8) of the material: 0.1mm, 0.2mm etc.

L’invention permet à une même buse d’impression (25) d’appliquer sur un support, de la matière d’une largeur variable (figure 1), de plus ou moins 100% du diamètre de l’orifice de la buse (8), grâce à des informations pilotées par le logiciel de commande qui activera le pilotage adapte sur le couple vitesse de rotation de la vis (10), et vitesse de déplacement de la tête, pour créer une combinaison qui agit sur le volume de matière diffusée par la buse.The invention allows the same printing nozzle (25) to apply to a support, material of variable width (Figure 1), more or less 100% of the diameter of the orifice of the nozzle ( 8), thanks to information controlled by the control software which will activate the adapted piloting on the torque rotation speed of the screw (10), and displacement speed of the head, to create a combination which acts on the volume of material diffused by the nozzle.

L’invention comprend dans la zone amont du fourreau (30) (figure 5) de la tête d’impression, un système externe, ou interne, de refroidissement (27), préférablement par ventilateur, et préférablement associé à un volume à surfaces développées (28), régulant le gradient de température de la trémie et réduisant le risque de fusion préalable de la matière et/ou un bourrage dans cette zone d’acheminement de la dite matière dans le fourreau.The invention comprises in the upstream zone of the sleeve (30) (FIG. 5) of the print head, an external or internal cooling system (27), preferably by fan, and preferably associated with a volume with developed surfaces. (28), regulating the temperature gradient of the hopper and reducing the risk of prior melting of the material and / or a blockage in this zone for conveying said material into the sheath.

L’invention comprend dans la zone aval du fourreau de la tête d’impression, un système externe de refroidissement (29) (figure 1), préférablement par ventilateur, régulant la température de solidification de la matière déposée préalablement par la buse sur le support ou sur la couche précédemment déposée, et dont l’activation, l’intensité, la durée, et les phases sont pilotées par des commandes qui sont dépendantes du type de matériau et de la taille de la pièce, et qui peuvent être variables, ou non, tout au long de la fabrication.The invention comprises in the downstream area of the printhead sheath, an external cooling system (29) (FIG. 1), preferably by fan, regulating the solidification temperature of the material deposited beforehand by the nozzle on the support. or on the previously deposited layer, the activation, intensity, duration and phases of which are controlled by commands which are dependent on the type of material and the size of the part, and which can be variable, or no, throughout the manufacturing process.

Le dispositif selôn l’invention est particulièrement destiné à la fabrication de prototypes ou de pièces de série aux formes pouvant être très complexes.The device according to the invention is particularly intended for the manufacture of prototypes or serial parts with shapes which can be very complex.

Les dessins annexés illustrent l’invention :The accompanying drawings illustrate the invention:

La figure 1 représente la tête d’impression de côté avec insertion du consommable et dépôt de la matièreFigure 1 shows the print head from the side with insertion of the consumable and deposit of the material

La figure 2 représente le châssis de support de la tête et le plateau de dépose de la matière en vue de 3/4Figure 2 shows the support frame of the head and the material depositing tray for 3/4

La figure 3 représente la tête mobile sur deux axes rotatifsFigure 3 shows the movable head on two rotary axes

-4La figure 4 représente le déplacement de la tête par rapport à son support La figure 5 représente la coupe A-A de la tête d’impression La figure 6 représente la vue de côté de la vis de la tête d’impression La figure 7 représente la vue de % du filtre de régulation de la tête d’impressionFIG. 4 represents the displacement of the head relative to its support. FIG. 5 represents the section AA of the print head. FIG. 6 represents the side view of the screw of the print head. FIG. 7 represents the % view of the print head control filter

La figure 8 représente une vue de % de la buse d’impression A titre d’exemple non limitatifFIG. 8 represents a view of% of the printing nozzle By way of nonlimiting example

Claims (10)

REVENDICATIONS 1) Dispositif caractérisé en ce qu’une tête d’impression (12) emplie d’une matière fusible (2), principalement sous forme de granulés thermoplastiques, qui1) Device characterized in that a print head (12) filled with a fusible material (2), mainly in the form of thermoplastic granules, which 5 diffuse cette dite matière par l’intermédiaire d’un orifice (3) et que cette dite tête d’impression est fixée sur un support qui se déplace dans les trois dimensions, pour reconstituer par addition de couches successives (6), sur une surface plane (7), un volume préalablement défini numériquement, et interprété par un programme numérique commandant un pilotage adéquat du déplacement de cette dite tête·5 diffuses this said material via an orifice (3) and that this said printing head is fixed on a support which moves in three dimensions, to reconstitute by adding successive layers (6), on a flat surface (7), a volume defined beforehand numerically, and interpreted by a digital program controlling an adequate control of the displacement of this said head · 10 d’impression dans l’espace défini pour la construction de la pièce d’impression, et qui une fois emplie d’une matière fusible, plastique, cire, purée, compote, saumure, gel, est mise en température, dans un fourreau cylindrique (8), en métal, ou céramique, par l’intermédiaire d’un système chauffant par résistance (9), par induction, est pilotée par un programme numérique, ou mécanique, pour que la dite10 printing in the space defined for the construction of the printing part, and which once filled with a fusible material, plastic, wax, mash, compote, brine, gel, is warmed up, in a sheath cylindrical (8), made of metal, or ceramic, by means of a resistance heating system (9), by induction, is controlled by a digital or mechanical program, so that the said 15 matière puisse atteindre un état de transformation adapté à sa viscosité, permettant le passage de la dite matière par un orifice (3) situé à l’extrémité de la tête, grâce à un piston, une vis (10), par gravité.15 material can reach a state of transformation adapted to its viscosity, allowing the passage of said material through an orifice (3) located at the end of the head, by means of a piston, a screw (10), by gravity. 2) Dispositif selon la revendication 1 caractérisé en ce que la tête d’impression est constitutive d’un équipement de fabrication additive, qui dépose la2) Device according to claim 1 characterized in that the print head is constitutive of additive manufacturing equipment, which deposits the 20 matière par couches successives définies par un programme numérique ou mécanique, décomposant un volume en couches parallèles horizontales successives, avec un parcours de dépose ajusté de type cartésien (sur des axes X et Y) (11) ou vectoriel (sur des trajectoires tridimensionnelles X, Y, Z générées par des coordonnées polaires associées à des vecteurs de départ et d’arrivée) et20 material by successive layers defined by a numerical or mechanical program, breaking down a volume into successive horizontal parallel layers, with an adjusted Cartesian type (on X and Y axes) (11) or vectorial (on three-dimensional X paths) , Y, Z generated by polar coordinates associated with departure and arrival vectors) and 25 préférablement perpendiculairement au support sur lequel sera appliqué la dite matière, ce parcours pouvant être adapté à la dépose de matière perpendiculairement (13), à la surface externe d’une pièce, préalablement fixé sur le plateau d’impression.25 preferably perpendicularly to the support on which said material will be applied, this path being able to be adapted to depositing material perpendicularly (13), to the external surface of a part, previously fixed on the printing plate. 3) Dispositif selon la revendication 1 caractérisé en ce que le système de tête d’impression utilise directement des consommables sous différentes formes, granulé,3) Device according to claim 1 characterized in that the print head system directly uses consumables in different forms, granulated, 30 poudre, flocon, gel, pâte, purée, compote, saumure, fusible, qui sont amenés dans une trémie (30) placée préférablement sur la partie supérieure d’un fourreau (8), et dont ces dit consommables · sont mis en température, en fonction des matériaux utilisés, pilotés indépendamment avec un contrôle des températures effectué par un programme numérique et maintenu à une température suffisamment constante,30 powder, flake, gel, paste, puree, compote, brine, fuse, which are brought into a hopper (30) preferably placed on the upper part of a sheath (8), and of which these said consumables are warmed up , depending on the materials used, controlled independently with temperature control performed by a digital program and maintained at a sufficiently constant temperature, -6adaptée en fonction du type de matière, et son type mise en forme, pour que le dit consommable puisse se déplacer vers l’orifice de sortie (3), une vis sans fin (10) en rotation dans le sens normal est activée avec une vitesse angulaire commandée par le programme en fonction de paramètres matériau et résolution définis dans le-6adapted according to the type of material, and its type shaped, so that the said consumable can move towards the outlet orifice (3), an endless screw (10) rotating in the normal direction is activated with an angular speed controlled by the program as a function of material and resolution parameters defined in the 5 programme de commande.5 control program. 4) Dispositif selon la revendication 2 caractérisé en ce que la tête d’impression (12) comprend une vis sans fin (10), dont l’axe comprend trois paliers différents D2, D3, D4, de longueur sensiblement équivalentes, avec un diamètre de l’axe plus important au palier inférieur dl, pour créer une compression de la matière4) Device according to claim 2 characterized in that the print head (12) comprises an endless screw (10), the axis of which comprises three different bearings D2, D3, D4, of substantially equivalent length, with a diameter from the larger axis to the lower bearing dl, to create compression of the material 10 en réduisant le volume entre l’axe de la vis dl (17) et la paroi intérieure du fourreau (8), et dont la longueur d’axe de vis Dl a un rapport préférablement proche de vingt fois celui de son diamètre dl, et dont l’extrémité est composée d’un embout en forme· hémisphérique (18), la vis (10) comprenant un pas constant (19), est ajusté à la forme de la trémie et du fourreau.10 by reducing the volume between the axis of the screw dl (17) and the interior wall of the sheath (8), and the length of the axis of the screw Dl of which has a ratio preferably close to twenty times that of its diameter dl, and the end of which is composed of a hemispherical-shaped endpiece (18), the screw (10) comprising a constant pitch (19), is adjusted to the shape of the hopper and the sheath. 1515 5) Dispositif selon la revendication 1 caractérisé en ce que la vis (10) de la tête d’impression (12) est surmontée d’un accouplement avec un moteur (20), ou directement associé à l’axe du moteur (21), et entre lesquels une arrivée de matière brute (2) alimente par gravité la vis, qui comprend dans ce volume (16), une largeur du filet (23) de vis plus importante, pour acheminer progressivement la matière vers5) Device according to claim 1 characterized in that the screw (10) of the print head (12) is surmounted by a coupling with a motor (20), or directly associated with the axis of the motor (21) , and between which an arrival of raw material (2) feeds by gravity the screw, which comprises in this volume (16), a greater width of the thread (23) of the screw, for progressively conveying the material to 20 le fourreau (8), lors de la rotation de la dite vis (10).20 the sheath (8), during the rotation of said screw (10). 6) Dispositif selon la revendication 1 caractérisé en ce que le fourreau (8) de la tête d’impression est associé à son extrémité, à une bague amovible (24), comprenant un certain nombre de canaux parallèles (26), par lesquels passe la matière et qui ont pour effet de supprimer la rotation de l’extrusion en sortie de6) Device according to claim 1 characterized in that the sheath (8) of the print head is associated at its end, with a removable ring (24), comprising a number of parallel channels (26), through which passes the material and which have the effect of suppressing the rotation of the extrusion at the outlet of 25 l’orifice (3), et à laquelle les buses amovibles (25), peuvent être vissées, pour être inter-changées, pour leur nettoyage et maintenance, mais aussi pour en changer facilement le diamètre de l’orifice de sortie (3) de la matière : 0,1mm, 0,2mm etc.25 the orifice (3), and to which the removable nozzles (25), can be screwed, to be interchanged, for cleaning and maintenance, but also to easily change the diameter of the outlet orifice (3 ) of the material: 0.1mm, 0.2mm etc. 7) Dispositif selon la revendication 6 caractérisé en ce qu’une même buse (25) puisse appliquer sur ùn support, de la matière d’une largeur variable, de plus ou7) Device according to claim 6 characterized in that the same nozzle (25) can apply on a support, material of variable width, more or 30 moins 100% du diamètre de l’orifice de la buse (3), grâce à des informations pilotées par le logiciel de commande qui activera le pilotage adapté sur le couple vitesse de rotation de la vis (10), et la vitesse de déplacement de la tête, pour créer une combinaison qui agit sur le volume de matière diffusée par la buse.30 minus 100% of the diameter of the orifice of the nozzle (3), thanks to information controlled by the control software which will activate the adapted piloting on the torque rotation speed of the screw (10), and the displacement speed of the head, to create a combination which acts on the volume of material diffused by the nozzle. -78) Dispositif selon la revendication 1 caractérisé en ce que la tête d’impression comprend dans la zone amont du fourreau-78) Device according to claim 1 characterized in that the print head comprises in the upstream region of the sheath (8), un système externe, de refroidissement (27), préférablement par ventilateur, et préférablement associé à un volume à surfaces développées (28), régulant le gradient de température de la trémie(8), an external cooling system (27), preferably by fan, and preferably associated with a volume with developed surfaces (28), regulating the temperature gradient of the hopper 5 et réduisant le risque de fusion préalable de la matière d’un bourrage dans cette zone d’acheminement de la dite matière dans le fourreau.5 and reducing the risk of prior melting of the stuffing material in this area for conveying said material into the sheath. 9) Dispositif selon la revendication 1 caractérisé en ce que la tête d’impression comprend dans la zone aval du fourreau, un système externe de refroidissement (29), préférablement par ventilateur, régulant la température de9) Device according to claim 1 characterized in that the print head comprises in the downstream region of the sleeve, an external cooling system (29), preferably by fan, regulating the temperature of 10 solidification de la matière déposée préalablement par la buse sur le support, et dont l’activation, l’intensité, la durée, et les phases sont pilotées par des commandes qui sont dépendantes du type de matériau et de la taille de la pièce, et qui peuvent être variables, tout au long de la fabrication.Solidification of the material deposited beforehand by the nozzle on the support, the activation, intensity, duration and the phases of which are controlled by commands which are dependent on the type of material and on the size of the part, and which can be variable, throughout the manufacturing. .30.30 306345306345 DESSINSDRAWINGS
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EP3632682A1 (en) * 2018-10-03 2020-04-08 Bond high performance 3D technology B.V. Liquefier tube for an additive manufacturing system
WO2020070219A1 (en) * 2018-10-03 2020-04-09 Bond High Performance Technology B.V. Liquefier tube for an additive manufacturing system
US11964427B2 (en) 2018-10-03 2024-04-23 Bond High Performance 3D Technology B.V. Liquefier tube for an additive manufacturing system
CN109397687A (en) * 2018-11-27 2019-03-01 安徽工程大学 A kind of adjustable 3D printing pen of bore
CN109986775A (en) * 2019-04-30 2019-07-09 成都元泽环境技术有限公司 A kind of mixing melting 3D printing system and Method of printing for granular materials
EP3782797A1 (en) * 2019-08-17 2021-02-24 Bombix3D 3d printing device provided with a worm driven by a motor and means for cooling the motor
CN111300827B (en) * 2020-04-13 2021-07-27 中北大学 3D printing apparatus based on shear thinning characteristic gel
CN111300827A (en) * 2020-04-13 2020-06-19 中北大学 3D printing apparatus based on shear thinning characteristic gel
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CN114083793B (en) * 2021-10-18 2024-05-17 深圳市创想三维科技股份有限公司 Extrusion mechanism and 3D printer

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