FR3011837A1 - CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS WITH ANTI-FOAM AND LICHENS TREATMENT - Google Patents
CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS WITH ANTI-FOAM AND LICHENS TREATMENT Download PDFInfo
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- FR3011837A1 FR3011837A1 FR1302381A FR1302381A FR3011837A1 FR 3011837 A1 FR3011837 A1 FR 3011837A1 FR 1302381 A FR1302381 A FR 1302381A FR 1302381 A FR1302381 A FR 1302381A FR 3011837 A1 FR3011837 A1 FR 3011837A1
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- FR
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- Prior art keywords
- metal
- materials
- treatment
- particles
- lichens
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
- C04B41/4505—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements characterised by the method of application
- C04B41/4523—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements characterised by the method of application applied from the molten state ; Thermal spraying, e.g. plasma spraying
- C04B41/4527—Plasma spraying
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
- A01N59/06—Aluminium; Calcium; Magnesium; Compounds thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
- A01N59/16—Heavy metals; Compounds thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
- A01N59/16—Heavy metals; Compounds thereof
- A01N59/20—Copper
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/02—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of pressure only
- C23C24/04—Impact or kinetic deposition of particles
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/01—Selective coating, e.g. pattern coating, without pre-treatment of the material to be coated
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
- C23C4/06—Metallic material
- C23C4/08—Metallic material containing only metal elements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2111/2092—Resistance against biological degradation
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Finishing Walls (AREA)
Abstract
L'invention est relative au traitement de la surface de matériaux de construction de grande diffusion, utilisés pour la construction d'ouvrages d'art, de génie civil, d'immeubles ou de maisons publiques ou d'habitation familiale. Ces matériaux peuvent être à base de bétons, de fibres-ciments, de céramiques terres cuites ou grès, de pierres naturelles ou reconstituées, d'ardoises, ou encore de composites. Le traitement de surface proposé consiste en des impacts ténus de particules métalliques et permet de supprimer le phénomène d'apparition des mousses et lichens communément appelé « verdissement », qui arrive sur ces matériaux, en particuliers lorsqu'ils sont utilisés dans des zones à forte humidité. Le traitement proposé conduit aussi à un meilleur vieillissement des matériaux traités.The invention relates to the treatment of the surface of construction materials of large diffusion, used for the construction of structures, civil engineering, buildings or public houses or family housing. These materials may be based on concretes, cement fibers, terra cotta or sandstone ceramics, natural or reconstituted stones, slates, or composites. The proposed surface treatment consists of thin impacts of metal particles and eliminates the phenomenon of the appearance of mosses and lichens commonly called "greening", which happens on these materials, especially when used in areas with high humidity. The proposed treatment also leads to better aging of the treated materials.
Description
Matériaux de construction avec traitement anti-mousses et lichens L'invention fait suite au brevet du même inventeur, N° de publication 2 869 917, N° d'enregistrement national 04 050052 et concerne des matériaux de construction sur lesquels est appliqué du métal par procédé de projection de poudres ou de fil. L'invention est relative au traitement de la surface de matériaux de construction de grande diffusion, utilisés pour la construction d'ouvrages d'art, de génie civil, d'immeubles ou de maisons publiques ou d'habitation familiale. Ces matériaux peuvent être à base de bétons, de fibres-ciments, de céramiques terres cuites ou grès, de pierres naturelles ou reconstituées, d'ardoises, ou encore de composites. Le traitement de surface proposé permet de supprimer le phénomène d'apparition des mousses et lichens communément appelé « verdissement » qui arrive sur ces matériaux, en particuliers lorsqu'ils sont utilisés dans des zones à forte humidité. Le traitement proposé conduit aussi à un meilleur vieillissement des matériaux traités. L'invention concerne une méthode pour obtenir un tel traitement. Particulièrement dans les zones de climats humides, des mousses et lichens finissent par apparaître sur les toitures en tuiles à base de terre cuite ou de béton, en ardoise ou en plaques ondulés, sur les murets et les façades parés de briquettes de terre cuite ou de pierres naturelles ou reconstituées, sur les rebords de piscines fabriqués avec des dalles en béton ou en pierres naturelles ou reconstituées, ou sur les dalles en pierres reconstituées ou en béton utilisées pour la création de cours, de terrasses et aménagement extérieurs ou sur encore les mobiliers (en béton par exemple) utilisés pour la décoration et l'aménagement des espaces extérieurs. Ces mousses et lichens nuisent particulièrement à l'esthétique des matériaux. De plus, dans de nombreux cas, leur apparition en surface des matériaux de construction conduit à la fragilisation de ces derniers et à la réduction notable de leur durée de vie. Il est, par exemple, bien reconnu que les mousses contribuent à la dégradation des tuiles de couvertures en terre cuite par écaillage et fissuration. Une solution pour pallier à ces effets négatifs est d'enlever ces mousses et lichens manuellement en grattant les surface affectées avec une brosse métallique et ensuite de traiter les surfaces ainsi nettoyées avec un produit anti-mousse. Dans le cas de toitures, cette opération peut être dangereuse à cause des risques de chute lors de l'intervention sur la toiture. Aussi, une autre solution consiste, dans le cas des toitures, à placer des fils ou des barres de cuivre de part et d'autre des faîtages. Le cuivre exposé aux intempéries et aux eaux de pluie va s'oxyder et ainsi fabriquer des sulfates et oxydes de cuivre qui véhiculés par le ruissellement des eaux vont détruire et empêcher la formation et l'accroche des mousses et lichens en surface des matériaux constituant les toitures. Cette technique pour lutter contre l'apparition des mousses présente une certaine efficacité seulement lorsque les fils de cuivre sont de section suffisante. Cette solution est cependant peu ou pas très esthétique. Pour palier à ces problèmes de verdissement par les mousses et lichens des matériaux utilisés pour la construction, il est proposé, dans la présente invention, d'appliquer à la surface du dit matériau un revêtement constitué d'impacts métalliques. L'objectif est de réaliser et « accrocher », par projection de particules métalliques, métal pur ou alliage métallique, des impacts « ténus » et discontinus, clairsemés à la surface du matériau traité de telle façon qu'ils soient peu visible à Le métal utilisé est un métal qui peut facilement fabriquer des oxydes par exemple au contact de l'eau de pluie et qui est de couleur voisine du matériau sur lequel est réalisé le traitement. Par exemple, dans le cas de tuile en terre cuite, le métal choisi peut être le cuivre ; dans le cas d'ardoises le métal choisi peut être le zinc ou l'alliage zinc-aluminium. Les métaux ou alliages sont projetés sous forme pulvérulente par l'intermédiaire d'un propulseur caractérisé par un 30 écoulement gazeux chaud (flamme ou plasma) suivant le principe de la projection thermique ou métallisation ou encore schoopage : le matériau à projeter est injecté dans des gaz chauds (flamme, plasma ou arc électrique) fondu ou ramolli avant d'aller s'écraser sur la surface à revêtir. Dans la majorité des cas des matériaux de construction qui n'ont pas de surface lisse, le revêtement peut être réalisé sans aucune préparation de surface. 5 Une préparation de surface par exemple par impact avec un abrasif peut aussi être utilisée. Le débit de la matière projetée (qui peut être sous forme de poudre, de fil ou de cordon) doit être ajusté en fonction du taux d'impact désiré pour obtenir la fonction anti-verdissement recherchée. Le propulseur utilisé pour faire le traitement peut aussi bien être un brûleur flamme 10 oxygène/carburant gaz ou liquide, un brûleur flamme air/gaz (propane, gaz naturel) ou une torche plasma (plasma d'air par exemple) ou un arc électrique dans le cas de la projection de matériaux sous forme de fil. Les techniques de projection par cold spray ou au canon à détonation peuvent aussi être utilisée. Dans le cas de la projection par cold spray, des lignes 15 discontinus discrètes à la vue de l'oeil peuvent être mises en forme et dans le cas de la projection au canon à détonation, des « spots » de 5 à 10 microns d'épaisseur parfaitement discret à la vue de l'oeil sont mis en forme pour lutter efficacement contre le verdissement. Ces procédés permettent d'obtenir, avec des réglages de paramètres 20 de projection optimaux, les impacts désirés adhérés sur la surface des matériaux à traiter avec le taux suffisant d'une part pour empêcher les mousses et lichens de se développer et d'autre part pour rester discret à la vue de l'oeil. Lorsque cette fonction « traitement discret à la vue de l'oeil », n'est pas recherchée, la technique utilisée peut aussi rendre possible 25 l'obtention de motifs esthétiques ; il est ainsi possible de réaliser par projection arc-fil des aspect mouchetés avec des impacts assez grossiers qui apporteront aussi la fonction anti-verdissement en surface des matériaux de construction traités. Il est aussi possible d'adjoindre aux particules de métal ou d'alliage 30 métallique apportant la fonction anti-verdissement d'autres poudres comme des céramiques colorées par exemple. La projection de telles poudres composites permet d'apporter en plus de la fonction anti-verdissement d'autres propriétés comme par exemple une nouvelle couleur et une nouvelle esthétique décorative. Un tel traitement à la surface des matériaux utilisés pour la construction peut aussi avoir d'autres propriétés techniques intéressantes. Par exemple dans le cas où il est mis en forme sur des dalles de piscines, en plus d'éviter la formation de mousses et lichens, il permet aussi d'avoir des fonction anti-microbien et ainsi offrir une surface propre quand on marche pieds nus dessus.Building materials with anti-foaming and lichen treatment The invention follows the patent of the same inventor, Publication No. 2,869,917, National Registration No. 04 050052 and relates to building materials on which metal is applied by method of spraying powders or yarn. The invention relates to the treatment of the surface of construction materials of large diffusion, used for the construction of structures, civil engineering, buildings or public houses or family housing. These materials may be based on concretes, cement fibers, terra cotta or sandstone ceramics, natural or reconstituted stones, slates, or composites. The proposed surface treatment eliminates the phenomenon of the appearance of mosses and lichens commonly called "greening" that happens on these materials, especially when used in areas of high humidity. The proposed treatment also leads to better aging of the treated materials. The invention relates to a method for obtaining such a treatment. Especially in humid climates, mosses and lichens eventually appear on tile roofs made of terracotta or concrete, slate or corrugated sheets, on walls and facades adorned with terracotta briquettes or natural or reconstructed stone, on the edge of swimming pools made of slabs of concrete or natural or reconstituted stone, or on slabs of reconstituted stone or concrete used for the creation of courtyards, terraces and landscaping or on still furniture (concrete for example) used for decoration and landscaping of outdoor spaces. These foams and lichens are particularly detrimental to the aesthetics of materials. In addition, in many cases, their appearance on the surface of the building materials leads to the embrittlement of the latter and the significant reduction in their life. For example, it is well recognized that foams contribute to the degradation of clay roof tiles by chipping and cracking. One solution to overcome these negative effects is to remove these foams and lichens manually by scraping the affected surfaces with a wire brush and then treating the surfaces thus cleaned with an antifoam product. In the case of roofs, this operation can be dangerous because of the risk of falling during the intervention on the roof. Also, another solution is, in the case of roofs, to place son or copper bars on both sides ridge. Copper exposed to bad weather and rainwater will oxidize and thus manufacture sulphates and oxides of copper which conveyed by the runoff of water will destroy and prevent the formation and the catching of the mosses and lichens on the surface of the materials constituting the roofs. This technique to fight against the appearance of foams has a certain efficiency only when the copper son are of sufficient section. This solution is however little or not very aesthetic. To overcome these problems of greening with foams and lichens materials used for construction, it is proposed in the present invention to apply to the surface of said material a coating consisting of metal impacts. The objective is to achieve and "hang", by projection of metal particles, pure metal or metal alloy, "thin" and discontinuous impacts, sparse on the surface of the treated material in such a way that they are little visible to the metal used is a metal which can easily produce oxides for example in contact with rainwater and which is of color close to the material on which the treatment is carried out. For example, in the case of terracotta tile, the metal chosen may be copper; in the case of slates the metal chosen may be zinc or zinc-aluminum alloy. The metals or alloys are projected in pulverulent form by means of a thruster characterized by a hot gas flow (flame or plasma) according to the principle of thermal spraying or metallization or else schooping: the material to be sprayed is injected into hot gases (flame, plasma or electric arc) melted or softened before crashing onto the surface to be coated. In most cases building materials that do not have a smooth surface, the coating can be made without any surface preparation. Surface preparation, for example by impact with an abrasive, may also be used. The flow rate of the projected material (which may be in the form of powder, yarn or cord) should be adjusted according to the desired impact rate to achieve the desired anti-greening function. The propellant used for the treatment may as well be a gas / liquid oxygen / gas flame burner, an air / gas flame burner (propane, natural gas) or a plasma torch (air plasma for example) or an electric arc. in the case of the projection of materials in wire form. Spraying techniques using cold spray or detonation gun can also be used. In the case of spraying by cold spray discrete discrete lines in the view of the eye can be shaped and in the case of detonation gun projection, "spots" of 5 to 10 microns in diameter. perfectly discreet thickness at the sight of the eye are shaped to effectively fight against greening. These methods make it possible to obtain, with optimal projection parameter settings, the desired impacts adhered to the surface of the materials to be treated with the sufficient rate on the one hand to prevent the mosses and lichens from developing and on the other hand to stay discreet at the sight of the eye. When this function "discrete treatment at the sight of the eye" is not sought, the technique used can also make it possible to obtain aesthetic patterns; it is thus possible to achieve by projection arc-thread speckled appearance with rather coarse impacts that will also provide anti-greening function on the surface of the treated building materials. It is also possible to add to the particles of metal or metal alloy providing the anti-greening function other powders such as colored ceramics for example. The projection of such composite powders makes it possible to provide, in addition to the anti-greening function, other properties such as, for example, a new color and a new decorative aesthetic. Such a treatment on the surface of the materials used for the construction may also have other interesting technical properties. For example in the case where it is shaped on slabs of pools, in addition to avoiding the formation of mosses and lichens, it also allows to have anti-microbial function and thus provide a clean surface when walking feet naked on it.
Enfin, un des avantages de la méthode décrite est qu'elle est très reproductible et qu'elle peut être aisément industrialisée et intégrée dans une ligne de production, avec un ou plusieurs pistolets de projection en série, pour permettre l'obtention de cycles de production et des coûts compatibles avec les demandes des marchés visés. 20 25Finally, one of the advantages of the method described is that it is very reproducible and that it can be easily industrialized and integrated into a production line, with one or more spray guns in series, to allow obtaining cycles of production and costs consistent with the demands of the target markets. 20 25
Claims (7)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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FR1302381A FR3011837A1 (en) | 2013-10-11 | 2013-10-11 | CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS WITH ANTI-FOAM AND LICHENS TREATMENT |
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FR1302381A FR3011837A1 (en) | 2013-10-11 | 2013-10-11 | CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS WITH ANTI-FOAM AND LICHENS TREATMENT |
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FR3011837A1 true FR3011837A1 (en) | 2015-04-17 |
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FR1302381A Pending FR3011837A1 (en) | 2013-10-11 | 2013-10-11 | CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS WITH ANTI-FOAM AND LICHENS TREATMENT |
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Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH01163337A (en) * | 1987-12-18 | 1989-06-27 | Agency Of Ind Science & Technol | Building material |
JPH02274861A (en) * | 1989-04-17 | 1990-11-09 | Hokushin Doken Kk | Production of coating film for preventing fouling on surface of concrete with alga and shellfish and the coating film |
US5879817A (en) * | 1994-02-15 | 1999-03-09 | Eltech Systems Corporation | Reinforced concrete structure |
WO2001083842A1 (en) * | 2000-05-02 | 2001-11-08 | Power Spray, Inc. | System for protection of submerged marine surfaces |
FR2869917A1 (en) * | 2004-05-10 | 2005-11-11 | Daniel Bernard | Fabrication of a construction material with a base of concrete, terracotta or wood coated with a layer of metal or alloy to provide an aesthetic and/or protective finish for a wide range of building applications |
WO2012006687A1 (en) * | 2010-07-15 | 2012-01-19 | Commonwealth Scientific And Industrial Research Organisation | Surface treatment |
-
2013
- 2013-10-11 FR FR1302381A patent/FR3011837A1/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH01163337A (en) * | 1987-12-18 | 1989-06-27 | Agency Of Ind Science & Technol | Building material |
JPH02274861A (en) * | 1989-04-17 | 1990-11-09 | Hokushin Doken Kk | Production of coating film for preventing fouling on surface of concrete with alga and shellfish and the coating film |
US5879817A (en) * | 1994-02-15 | 1999-03-09 | Eltech Systems Corporation | Reinforced concrete structure |
WO2001083842A1 (en) * | 2000-05-02 | 2001-11-08 | Power Spray, Inc. | System for protection of submerged marine surfaces |
FR2869917A1 (en) * | 2004-05-10 | 2005-11-11 | Daniel Bernard | Fabrication of a construction material with a base of concrete, terracotta or wood coated with a layer of metal or alloy to provide an aesthetic and/or protective finish for a wide range of building applications |
WO2012006687A1 (en) * | 2010-07-15 | 2012-01-19 | Commonwealth Scientific And Industrial Research Organisation | Surface treatment |
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