FR2971734A1 - Vehicle i.e. motor vehicle, has single rear suspension arm connecting rear wheels with chassis, and controlled actuating unit arranged with controlled actuator to modify side inclination of suspension arm with respect to rear wheels - Google Patents

Vehicle i.e. motor vehicle, has single rear suspension arm connecting rear wheels with chassis, and controlled actuating unit arranged with controlled actuator to modify side inclination of suspension arm with respect to rear wheels Download PDF

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Publication number
FR2971734A1
FR2971734A1 FR1151327A FR1151327A FR2971734A1 FR 2971734 A1 FR2971734 A1 FR 2971734A1 FR 1151327 A FR1151327 A FR 1151327A FR 1151327 A FR1151327 A FR 1151327A FR 2971734 A1 FR2971734 A1 FR 2971734A1
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FR
France
Prior art keywords
vehicle
suspension arm
cross member
rear wheels
rigid cross
Prior art date
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Granted
Application number
FR1151327A
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French (fr)
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FR2971734B1 (en
Inventor
Bernard Luzurier
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
PSA Automobiles SA
Original Assignee
Peugeot Citroen Automobiles SA
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Publication date
Application filed by Peugeot Citroen Automobiles SA filed Critical Peugeot Citroen Automobiles SA
Priority to FR1151327A priority Critical patent/FR2971734B1/en
Publication of FR2971734A1 publication Critical patent/FR2971734A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of FR2971734B1 publication Critical patent/FR2971734B1/en
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60GVEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G9/00Resilient suspensions of a rigid axle or axle housing for two or more wheels
    • B60G9/02Resilient suspensions of a rigid axle or axle housing for two or more wheels the axle or housing being pivotally mounted on the vehicle, e.g. the pivotal axis being parallel to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60GVEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G17/00Resilient suspensions having means for adjusting the spring or vibration-damper characteristics, for regulating the distance between a supporting surface and a sprung part of vehicle or for locking suspension during use to meet varying vehicular or surface conditions, e.g. due to speed or load
    • B60G17/015Resilient suspensions having means for adjusting the spring or vibration-damper characteristics, for regulating the distance between a supporting surface and a sprung part of vehicle or for locking suspension during use to meet varying vehicular or surface conditions, e.g. due to speed or load the regulating means comprising electric or electronic elements
    • B60G17/0152Resilient suspensions having means for adjusting the spring or vibration-damper characteristics, for regulating the distance between a supporting surface and a sprung part of vehicle or for locking suspension during use to meet varying vehicular or surface conditions, e.g. due to speed or load the regulating means comprising electric or electronic elements characterised by the action on a particular type of suspension unit
    • B60G17/0157Resilient suspensions having means for adjusting the spring or vibration-damper characteristics, for regulating the distance between a supporting surface and a sprung part of vehicle or for locking suspension during use to meet varying vehicular or surface conditions, e.g. due to speed or load the regulating means comprising electric or electronic elements characterised by the action on a particular type of suspension unit non-fluid unit, e.g. electric motor
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60GVEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G17/00Resilient suspensions having means for adjusting the spring or vibration-damper characteristics, for regulating the distance between a supporting surface and a sprung part of vehicle or for locking suspension during use to meet varying vehicular or surface conditions, e.g. due to speed or load
    • B60G17/015Resilient suspensions having means for adjusting the spring or vibration-damper characteristics, for regulating the distance between a supporting surface and a sprung part of vehicle or for locking suspension during use to meet varying vehicular or surface conditions, e.g. due to speed or load the regulating means comprising electric or electronic elements
    • B60G17/016Resilient suspensions having means for adjusting the spring or vibration-damper characteristics, for regulating the distance between a supporting surface and a sprung part of vehicle or for locking suspension during use to meet varying vehicular or surface conditions, e.g. due to speed or load the regulating means comprising electric or electronic elements characterised by their responsiveness, when the vehicle is travelling, to specific motion, a specific condition, or driver input
    • B60G17/0162Resilient suspensions having means for adjusting the spring or vibration-damper characteristics, for regulating the distance between a supporting surface and a sprung part of vehicle or for locking suspension during use to meet varying vehicular or surface conditions, e.g. due to speed or load the regulating means comprising electric or electronic elements characterised by their responsiveness, when the vehicle is travelling, to specific motion, a specific condition, or driver input mainly during a motion involving steering operation, e.g. cornering, overtaking
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60GVEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G21/00Interconnection systems for two or more resiliently-suspended wheels, e.g. for stabilising a vehicle body with respect to acceleration, deceleration or centrifugal forces
    • B60G21/02Interconnection systems for two or more resiliently-suspended wheels, e.g. for stabilising a vehicle body with respect to acceleration, deceleration or centrifugal forces permanently interconnected
    • B60G21/04Interconnection systems for two or more resiliently-suspended wheels, e.g. for stabilising a vehicle body with respect to acceleration, deceleration or centrifugal forces permanently interconnected mechanically
    • B60G21/05Interconnection systems for two or more resiliently-suspended wheels, e.g. for stabilising a vehicle body with respect to acceleration, deceleration or centrifugal forces permanently interconnected mechanically between wheels on the same axle but on different sides of the vehicle, i.e. the left and right wheel suspensions being interconnected
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60GVEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G5/00Resilient suspensions for a set of tandem wheels or axles having interrelated movements
    • B60G5/02Resilient suspensions for a set of tandem wheels or axles having interrelated movements mounted on a single pivoted arm, e.g. the arm being rigid
    • B60G5/025Resilient suspensions for a set of tandem wheels or axles having interrelated movements mounted on a single pivoted arm, e.g. the arm being rigid the arm being transverse to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60GVEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G9/00Resilient suspensions of a rigid axle or axle housing for two or more wheels
    • B60G9/003Resilient suspensions of a rigid axle or axle housing for two or more wheels the axle being rigidly connected to a trailing guiding device
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62KCYCLES; CYCLE FRAMES; CYCLE STEERING DEVICES; RIDER-OPERATED TERMINAL CONTROLS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CYCLES; CYCLE AXLE SUSPENSIONS; CYCLE SIDE-CARS, FORECARS, OR THE LIKE
    • B62K25/00Axle suspensions
    • B62K25/04Axle suspensions for mounting axles resiliently on cycle frame or fork
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62KCYCLES; CYCLE FRAMES; CYCLE STEERING DEVICES; RIDER-OPERATED TERMINAL CONTROLS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CYCLES; CYCLE AXLE SUSPENSIONS; CYCLE SIDE-CARS, FORECARS, OR THE LIKE
    • B62K5/00Cycles with handlebars, equipped with three or more main road wheels
    • B62K5/02Tricycles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60GVEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2200/00Indexing codes relating to suspension types
    • B60G2200/10Independent suspensions
    • B60G2200/13Independent suspensions with longitudinal arms only
    • B60G2200/132Independent suspensions with longitudinal arms only with a single trailing arm
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60GVEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2200/00Indexing codes relating to suspension types
    • B60G2200/30Rigid axle suspensions
    • B60G2200/32Rigid axle suspensions pivoted
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60GVEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2200/00Indexing codes relating to suspension types
    • B60G2200/40Indexing codes relating to the wheels in the suspensions
    • B60G2200/446Non-steerable wheels
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60GVEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2200/00Indexing codes relating to suspension types
    • B60G2200/40Indexing codes relating to the wheels in the suspensions
    • B60G2200/46Indexing codes relating to the wheels in the suspensions camber angle
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60GVEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2202/00Indexing codes relating to the type of spring, damper or actuator
    • B60G2202/40Type of actuator
    • B60G2202/42Electric actuator
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60GVEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2204/00Indexing codes related to suspensions per se or to auxiliary parts
    • B60G2204/10Mounting of suspension elements
    • B60G2204/14Mounting of suspension arms
    • B60G2204/148Mounting of suspension arms on the unsprung part of the vehicle, e.g. wheel knuckle or rigid axle
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60GVEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2204/00Indexing codes related to suspensions per se or to auxiliary parts
    • B60G2204/40Auxiliary suspension parts; Adjustment of suspensions
    • B60G2204/419Gears
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60GVEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2204/00Indexing codes related to suspensions per se or to auxiliary parts
    • B60G2204/40Auxiliary suspension parts; Adjustment of suspensions
    • B60G2204/419Gears
    • B60G2204/4192Gears rack and pinion
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60GVEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2204/00Indexing codes related to suspensions per se or to auxiliary parts
    • B60G2204/80Interactive suspensions; arrangement affecting more than one suspension unit
    • B60G2204/82Interactive suspensions; arrangement affecting more than one suspension unit left and right unit on same axle
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60GVEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2206/00Indexing codes related to the manufacturing of suspensions: constructional features, the materials used, procedures or tools
    • B60G2206/01Constructional features of suspension elements, e.g. arms, dampers, springs
    • B60G2206/10Constructional features of arms
    • B60G2206/12Constructional features of arms with two attachment points on the sprung part of the vehicle
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60GVEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2300/00Indexing codes relating to the type of vehicle
    • B60G2300/12Cycles; Motorcycles
    • B60G2300/122Trikes
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60GVEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2300/00Indexing codes relating to the type of vehicle
    • B60G2300/45Rolling frame vehicles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60GVEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2800/00Indexing codes relating to the type of movement or to the condition of the vehicle and to the end result to be achieved by the control action
    • B60G2800/01Attitude or posture control
    • B60G2800/012Rolling condition

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Steering-Linkage Mechanisms And Four-Wheel Steering (AREA)
  • Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)

Abstract

The vehicle (1) has a chassis or structure (11) on which a front axle (2) and a rear axle (3) are integrated. The rear axle comprises two rear wheels (31) that are connected to the chassis by a rear suspension unit to allow side inclination of the vehicle during steering of a front wheel (21). The rear suspension unit comprises a single rear suspension arm (32) that connects the rear wheels with the chassis. A controlled actuating unit is arranged with a controlled actuator to selectively modify side inclination of the arm with respect to the rear wheels.

Description

VEHICULE A DEUX ROUES ARRIERE RESSERREES ADAPTE POUR POUVOIR S'INCLINER LATERALEMENT DANS LES VIRAGES La présente invention se rapporte à un véhicule, notamment un véhicule automobile. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a vehicle, especially a motor vehicle.

Elle concerne principalement un véhicule comprenant un châssis sur lequel est solidarisé un train avant comportant au moins une roue avant et un mécanisme directionnel permettant le braquage de la roue avant et un train arrière comportant deux roues arrière. Les deux roues arrières sont reliées au châssis par des moyens de suspension arrière permettent l'inclinaison latérale du véhicule notamment lors du braquage de la roue avant. Le document EP0606191 présente un tel véhicule comprenant un train avant comportant une roue et un mécanisme directionnel constitué d'une fourche télescopique et avec un train arrière comportant deux roues solidarisées au châssis du véhicule par deux bras de suspension. Les deux bras de suspension arrière sont couplés entre eux au moyen d'un balancier permettant de synchroniser le mouvement des deux bras de suspension arrière lors de l'inclinaison latéralement le véhicule, notamment lors du braquage de la roue avant, améliorant la tenue de route du véhicule dans les virages. Mais un tel dispositif de suspension arrière, du fait en particulier des deux bras de suspension et du balancier, comporte une multitude de pièces, entraînant un coût de fabrication important et rendant un tel train arrière très complexe à mettre en oeuvre. L'objet de l'invention consiste à proposer un véhicule à roues arrières resserrés, pouvant s'incliner dans les virages et proposant un train arrière de conception simple et peu onéreux. A cet effet, l'invention a pour objet un véhicule, notamment un véhicule automobile, comprenant un châssis sur lequel est solidarisé un train avant comportant au moins une roue avant et un mécanisme directionnel permettant le braquage de la roue avant et un train arrière comportant deux roues arrière. Les deux roues arrière sont reliées au châssis par des moyens de suspension arrière adaptés pour permettre l'inclinaison latérale du véhicule notamment lors du braquage de la roue avant. Pour ce faire, les moyens de suspension arrière comportent un unique bras de suspension reliant les deux roues arrière au châssis et des moyens d'actionnement pilotés permettant de modifier sélectivement l'inclinaison latérale du bras de suspension par rapport aux roues arrière. It mainly relates to a vehicle comprising a chassis on which is secured a front train having at least one front wheel and a directional mechanism for steering the front wheel and a rear axle having two rear wheels. The two rear wheels are connected to the chassis by rear suspension means allow the lateral inclination of the vehicle especially when turning the front wheel. Document EP0606191 discloses such a vehicle comprising a front axle comprising a wheel and a directional mechanism consisting of a telescopic fork and with a rear axle comprising two wheels secured to the chassis of the vehicle by two suspension arms. The two rear suspension arms are coupled together by means of a rocker arm to synchronize the movement of the two rear suspension arms during laterally tilting the vehicle, especially when turning the front wheel, improving the handling of the vehicle in turns. But such a rear suspension device, in particular because of the two suspension arms and the balance, comprises a multitude of parts, resulting in a significant manufacturing cost and making such a rear axle very complex to implement. The object of the invention is to provide a rear wheel vehicle tightened, can be inclined in turns and proposing a rear train of simple and inexpensive design. For this purpose, the subject of the invention is a vehicle, in particular a motor vehicle, comprising a chassis on which is fixed a front axle comprising at least one front wheel and a directional mechanism allowing steering of the front wheel and a rear axle comprising two rear wheels. The two rear wheels are connected to the chassis by rear suspension means adapted to allow the lateral inclination of the vehicle, especially when turning the front wheel. To do this, the rear suspension means comprise a single suspension arm connecting the two rear wheels to the chassis and controlled actuating means for selectively modifying the lateral inclination of the suspension arm relative to the rear wheels.

Selon une première caractéristique de l'invention, les roues arrière sont reliées entre elles par une traverse rigide. La traverse rigide est reliée au bras de suspension par une liaison de type pivot, d'axe de pivot aligné sensiblement suivant l'axe longitudinal du véhicule. Selon une deuxième caractéristique de l'invention, les moyens d'actionnement pilotés comportent un actionneur piloté solidaire du bras de suspension, un premier élément entrainé en rotation par l'actionneur piloté comportant un premier secteur denté et un second élément solidaire de la traverse rigide comportant un second secteur denté, le premier secteur denté engrenant en permanence avec le second secteur denté, permettant à l'actionneur piloté de modifier l'inclinaison latérale de la traverse rigide par rapport au bras de suspension. Selon une troisième caractéristique de l'invention, Le rayon de courbure du premier secteur denté est excentré par rapport à l'axe de pivot du premier élément. De même, le rayon de courbure du second secteur denté est excentré par rapport à l'axe de pivot du second élément, avec l'axe de pivot du second élément correspondant à l'axe de pivot de la traverse rigide par rapport au bras de suspension. Ainsi, selon l'invention, le rayon de courbure du premier secteur denté est inférieur au rayon de courbure du second secteur denté. Selon une quatrième caractéristique de l'invention, Le second élément vient de matière et forme la partie centrale de la traverse rigide. La liaison entre le bras de suspension et la traverse rigide est formée par un écrou positionné dans deux ouvertures circulaires formées respectivement dans un support solidaire du bras de suspension et dans le second élément formant la partie centrale de la traverse rigide. According to a first characteristic of the invention, the rear wheels are interconnected by a rigid cross member. The rigid cross member is connected to the suspension arm by a pivot type connection, pivot axis aligned substantially along the longitudinal axis of the vehicle. According to a second characteristic of the invention, the actuated actuation means comprise a controlled actuator integral with the suspension arm, a first element driven in rotation by the piloted actuator comprising a first tooth sector and a second element integral with the rigid cross member. comprising a second toothed sector, the first toothed sector meshing permanently with the second toothed sector, allowing the actuator controlled to change the lateral inclination of the rigid cross member relative to the suspension arm. According to a third characteristic of the invention, the radius of curvature of the first tooth sector is eccentric with respect to the pivot axis of the first element. Likewise, the radius of curvature of the second toothed sector is eccentric with respect to the pivot axis of the second element, with the pivot axis of the second element corresponding to the pivot axis of the rigid cross member relative to the arm of suspension. Thus, according to the invention, the radius of curvature of the first toothed sector is less than the radius of curvature of the second toothed sector. According to a fourth characteristic of the invention, the second element comes from material and forms the central part of the rigid cross member. The connection between the suspension arm and the rigid cross member is formed by a nut positioned in two circular openings respectively formed in a support integral with the suspension arm and in the second element forming the central portion of the rigid cross member.

Selon une cinquième caractéristique de l'invention, le bras de suspension est relié au châssis par une liaison de type pivot, d'axe de pivot aligné sensiblement suivant l'axe transversal du véhicule, faisant que l'inclinaison latérale du bras de suspension entraîne l'inclinaison latérale du châssis. Le train avant comporte une ou deux roues avant qui sont adaptées pour suivre une telle inclinaison du châssis. Selon une dernière caractéristique de l'invention, les moyens d'actionnement pilotés sont commandés par un calculateur permettant de traiter des paramètres de fonctionnement et des paramètres de roulage du véhicule pour modifier sélectivement l'inclinaison latérale du bras de suspension arrière par rapport aux roues arrière. Les paramètres de fonctionnement et les paramètres de roulage du véhicule peuvent ainsi dépendre de la vitesse de déplacement du véhicule, de la mesure de l'accélération latérale du véhicule et/ou de l'estimation de l'adhérence latérale du véhicule. La présente invention concerne aussi un dispositif de suspension arrière d'un véhicule comportant au moins une des caractéristiques telles que décrites précédemment. D'autres avantages et caractéristiques techniques de la présente 15 invention apparaîtront plus clairement à la lumière de la description qui suit en référence aux figures des dessins annexés parmi lesquelles : - La figure 1 représente, une vue latérale, d'un véhicule comportant un essieu arrière à roues arrière resserrés, selon l'invention ; - La figure 2 représente, une vue de détails latérale, de la partie arrière de 20 la structure et du train arrière du véhicule, selon l'invention ; - La figure 3 représente, une vue de dessus, en perspective, du train arrière du véhicule, selon l'invention ; et - Les figures 4 et 5 représentent des vues de détails partiels, en perspective, du train arrière du véhicule, selon l'invention. 25 Dans la suite de la description le terme avant se réfère toujours à un positionnement vers l'avant du véhicule, suivant le sens normal de circulation du véhicule. L'inclinaison latérale du véhicule s'entendant toujours par rapport au référentiel terrestre. Sur la figure 1 est représentée une vue latérale d'un véhicule 1 30 comportant un train avant 2 avec une roue 21 directionnelle. La roue avant 21 est reliée, de manière indépendante, sur la partie avant 12 de la structure 11 du véhicule. La roue avant 21 du véhicule est, de manière assez semblable à une motocyclette, adaptée pour pouvoir s'incliner dans les virages, comme expliqué ultérieurement. Le véhicule 1 comporte aussi un train arrière 3 relié à la partie arrière 13 de la structure 11 du véhicule 1. Le train arrière 3 comporte deux roues 31 positionnées proche l'une de l'autre et reliées entre elles par une traverse rigide. Les roues arrière 31 sont positionnées dans le prolongement de la structure arrière 13 du véhicule 1 et reliées à la structure arrière 13 par un unique bras de suspension 32. Entre la structure arrière 13 du véhicule 1 et le train arrière 3 est aussi interposé un ensemble ressort amortisseur 17 constituant, avec le bras de suspension 32, les éléments de suspension arrière du véhicule 1. Sur les figures 2 est représentée une vue latérale partielle du train arrière 3 et de la structure arrière 13 du véhicule 1. Sur cette figure est aussi représenté l'ensemble ressort amortisseur 17. Le bras de suspension 32 est solidarisé à la structure arrière 13 du véhicule par l'intermédiaire d'une armature 14 comportant deux chapes 15, écartées latéralement l'une de l'autre, dans lesquelles sont fixées, de manière pivotante, l'extrémité avant dédoublée du bras de suspension 32, formant deux liaisons pivots 16. L'axe de pivot de ces deux liaisons pivots 16 est orienté suivant l'axe transversal du véhicule. Comme expliqué ultérieurement, lors de l'inclinaison latérale du véhicule 1 dans les virages, l'armature 15 et le bras de suspension 32 reçoivent de fortes contraintes latérales, le doublement de la liaison entre la structure arrière 13 et le bras de suspension 32 permet ainsi de diminuer les contraintes en torsion sur chacune de ces deux liaisons pivots 16. Sur cette figure est aussi visible la traverse rigide 33 reliant les deux roues arrières 31. According to a fifth characteristic of the invention, the suspension arm is connected to the chassis by a pivot-type connection, of pivot axis substantially aligned with the transverse axis of the vehicle, making the lateral inclination of the suspension arm causes the lateral inclination of the chassis. The front axle has one or two front wheels that are adapted to follow such inclination of the chassis. According to a last characteristic of the invention, the controlled actuation means are controlled by a computer making it possible to process operating parameters and vehicle running parameters in order to selectively modify the lateral inclination of the rear suspension arm relative to the wheels. back. The operating parameters and the driving parameters of the vehicle can thus depend on the speed of movement of the vehicle, the measurement of the lateral acceleration of the vehicle and / or the estimate of the lateral adhesion of the vehicle. The present invention also relates to a rear suspension device of a vehicle comprising at least one of the characteristics as described above. Other advantages and technical characteristics of the present invention will appear more clearly in the light of the description which follows with reference to the figures of the appended drawings in which: FIG. 1 represents a side view of a vehicle comprising an axle; Rear wheel rear narrow, according to the invention; FIG. 2 shows a side view of the rear part of the structure and the rear axle of the vehicle according to the invention; - Figure 3 shows a top view in perspective of the rear axle of the vehicle, according to the invention; and - Figures 4 and 5 show partial detail views, in perspective, of the rear axle of the vehicle, according to the invention. In the remainder of the description, the term front always refers to a positioning towards the front of the vehicle, according to the normal direction of circulation of the vehicle. The lateral inclination of the vehicle always means in relation to the terrestrial reference system. In Figure 1 is shown a side view of a vehicle 1 30 having a front train 2 with a directional wheel 21. The front wheel 21 is connected, independently, to the front portion 12 of the structure 11 of the vehicle. The front wheel 21 of the vehicle is, in a manner similar to a motorcycle, adapted to be able to tilt in turns, as explained later. The vehicle 1 also comprises a rear axle 3 connected to the rear portion 13 of the structure 11 of the vehicle 1. The rear axle 3 comprises two wheels 31 positioned close to one another and interconnected by a rigid cross member. The rear wheels 31 are positioned in the extension of the rear structure 13 of the vehicle 1 and connected to the rear structure 13 by a single suspension arm 32. Between the rear structure 13 of the vehicle 1 and the rear axle 3 is also interposed an assembly. damping spring 17 constituting, with the suspension arm 32, the rear suspension elements of the vehicle 1. In Figures 2 is shown a partial side view of the rear axle 3 and the rear structure 13 of the vehicle 1. In this figure is also represented the shock absorber spring assembly 17. The suspension arm 32 is secured to the rear structure 13 of the vehicle through an armature 14 having two yokes 15, laterally spaced from one another, in which are fixed , pivotally, the front end split the suspension arm 32, forming two pivot links 16. The pivot axis of these two pivot links 16 is orie along the transverse axis of the vehicle. As explained later, during the lateral inclination of the vehicle 1 in turns, the armature 15 and the suspension arm 32 receive strong lateral stresses, the doubling of the connection between the rear structure 13 and the suspension arm 32 allows thus to reduce the torsional stresses on each of these two pivot links 16. In this figure is also visible the rigid cross member 33 connecting the two rear wheels 31.

La figure 3 représente une vue partielle, en perspective, du bras de suspension arrière 32 et de la traverse rigide 33. Sur cette vue est plus particulièrement visible l'armature 14 permettant de solidariser le bras de suspension arrière 32 sur la structure arrière du véhicule et en particulier le doublement de la liaison entre la structure arrière 13 et le bras de suspension 32. Un boitier de liaison 4 fait sailli de l'extrémité arrière du bras de suspension arrière 32. Sur le boitier de liaison 4 est solidarisée au moyen d'un écrou 41 la partie centrale 331 de la traverse rigide 33. Au dessous de la partie centrale 331 de la traverse rigide 33, dans le même alignement vertical que l'écrou 41, est positionnée une pièce d'entraînement 42 comportant une section dentée 421 engrenant en permanence avec une section dentée 332 de la partie centrale 331 de la traverse rigide 33. La figure 4 représente une vue de dessous, en perspective, du boitier de liaison 4, de la traverse rigide 33 et d'un ensemble piloté 5. L'ensemble piloté 5 est formé par un actionneur 51 et par un boitier de commande 52. Le boitier de commande 52 reçoit des informations de différents capteurs présents sur le véhicule (les capteurs n'étant pas représentés) et à partir de ces données, commande le fonctionnement de l'actionneur 51. Un tel actionneur 51 est généralement constitué par un moteur électrique. L'actionneur 51 commande en rotation la pièce d'entrainement 42 qui engrenant avec la partie centrale 331 de la traverse rigide 33, l'entraîne en rotation autour de l'écrou 41. La figure 5 représente une vue de dessous, en perspective, du boitier de liaison 4, de la traverse rigide 33 et de l'ensemble piloté 5 sous un angle différent de la précédente figure. Sur cette figure est plus particulièrement visible dans le boitier de liaison 4 une ouverture courbée 43, de centre de courbure concentrique avec l'axe de pivot de la traverse rigide 33. Un doigt 332, solidaire de la partie centrale 331 de la traverse rigide 33, est guidé le long de l'ouverture 42. Le doigt 332 et l'ouverture 43 permettent de limiter l'inclinaison latérale de la traverse rigide 33 par rapport au bras de suspension arrière 32. 3 shows a partial view, in perspective, of the rear suspension arm 32 and the rigid cross member 33. In this view is more particularly visible the armature 14 for securing the rear suspension arm 32 on the rear structure of the vehicle and in particular the doubling of the connection between the rear structure 13 and the suspension arm 32. A connecting box 4 protrudes from the rear end of the rear suspension arm 32. On the connecting box 4 is secured by means of a nut 41 the central portion 331 of the rigid cross member 33. Below the central portion 331 of the rigid cross member 33, in the same vertical alignment as the nut 41, is positioned a drive piece 42 having a toothed section 421 meshing permanently with a toothed section 332 of the central portion 331 of the rigid cross member 33. Figure 4 shows a bottom view, in perspective, of the connecting box 4, the tra Rigid pour 33 and a controlled assembly 5. The driven assembly 5 is formed by an actuator 51 and by a control box 52. The control box 52 receives information from different sensors present on the vehicle (the sensors n ' being not shown) and from these data, controls the operation of the actuator 51. Such an actuator 51 is generally constituted by an electric motor. The actuator 51 rotates the drive member 42 which meshes with the central portion 331 of the rigid crosspiece 33, rotates it around the nut 41. FIG. 5 represents a view from below, in perspective, the connecting box 4, the rigid cross member 33 and the controlled assembly 5 at an angle different from the previous figure. In this figure is more particularly visible in the connecting box 4 a curved opening 43, center of curvature concentric with the pivot axis of the rigid cross member 33. A finger 332 secured to the central portion 331 of the rigid cross member 33 is guided along the opening 42. The finger 332 and the opening 43 allow to limit the lateral inclination of the rigid cross member 33 relative to the rear suspension arm 32.

Lors de la prise d'un virage par le véhicule, le conducteur braque la roue avant 21. Le calculateur 52, en fonction de la vitesse de déplacement du véhicule, de l'angle de braquage de la roue avant 21 et/ou d'une estimation de l'adhérence latérale du véhicule (éventuellement aussi en fonction d'autres paramètres pouvant être basés sur le type de conduite recherché par le conducteur : par exemple sport, confort...), commande à l'actionneur 51 solidaire du bras de suspension 32, d'incliner latéralement, vers l'extérieur du virage, la traverse rigide 33, augmentant la charge appliquée sur la roue arrière extérieure du véhicule et donc permettant d'augmenter l'adhérence latérale de cette roue arrière. Par réaction le châssis du véhicule s'incline vers l'intérieur du virage. When taking a turn by the vehicle, the driver steers the front wheel 21. The computer 52, depending on the speed of movement of the vehicle, the steering angle of the front wheel 21 and / or an estimate of the lateral adhesion of the vehicle (possibly also depending on other parameters that may be based on the type of conduct sought by the driver: for example sport, comfort ...), command to the actuator 51 secured to the arm suspension 32, to tilt laterally towards the outside of the bend, the rigid cross member 33, increasing the load applied to the outer rear wheel of the vehicle and thus to increase the lateral adhesion of the rear wheel. By reaction the chassis of the vehicle tilts towards the inside of the turn.

L'actionneur 51 doit donc commander le basculement latéral du châssis du véhicule en entrée de virage, et en sortie de virage assurer le repositionnement vertical du châssis du véhicule. Pour des raisons de sécurité et pour limiter la puissance devant être fournie par l'actionneur, la pièce d'entraînement 42 et la partie centrale 331 de la traverse rigide 33 sont positionnées et dimensionnées de manière à faciliter le travail de l'actionneur 51 lorsque celui-ci redresse le châssis du véhicule en position verticale. Pour ce faire le rayon de courbure de la section dentée 332 de la partie centrale 331 de la traverse rigide 33 est supérieur au rayon de courbure de la section dentée 421 de la pièce d'entraînement 42, démultipliant d'autant le couple appliqué par l'actionneur 51 pour faire pivoter le châssis du véhicule. Pour éviter que des éléments extérieurs n'influent sur l'inclinaison latérale du châssis du véhicule (comme le vent latéral ou l'inclinaison de la route), l'axe de pivot de la traverse rigide 33, matérialisé par l'écrou 41, est le plus proche possible du point centrale de la section dentée 332 de la partie centrale 331, limitant au maximum le couple transmis en réaction vers l'actionneur 51. Bien entendu, l'invention n'est pas limitée au seul mode de réalisation qui vient d'être décrit, il pourra y être apporté de nombreuses modifications sans sortir, pour cela, du cadre de l'invention. Il est notamment possible que le train avant du véhicule comporte soit une ou deux roues avant. Dans le cas d'un véhicule à deux roues avant, il est essentiel de prévoir un dispositif de suspension avant adapté pour permettre l'inclinaison latérale du véhicule dans les virages. The actuator 51 must therefore control the lateral tilting of the vehicle frame at the entrance of the turn, and at the end of the turn ensure the vertical repositioning of the chassis of the vehicle. For safety reasons and to limit the power to be supplied by the actuator, the drive piece 42 and the central portion 331 of the rigid cross member 33 are positioned and dimensioned to facilitate the work of the actuator 51 when it rectifies the chassis of the vehicle in vertical position. To do this, the radius of curvature of the toothed section 332 of the central portion 331 of the rigid cross member 33 is greater than the radius of curvature of the toothed section 421 of the driving piece 42, thereby multiplying the torque applied by the actuator 51 for pivoting the vehicle frame. To prevent external elements from influencing the lateral inclination of the vehicle chassis (such as the side wind or the inclination of the road), the pivot axis of the rigid crossbar 33, embodied by the nut 41, is as close as possible to the central point of the toothed section 332 of the central portion 331, limiting as much as possible the torque transmitted in response to the actuator 51. Of course, the invention is not limited to the single embodiment which has just been described, it may be made many modifications without departing, for that, from the scope of the invention. It is possible in particular that the front train of the vehicle has either one or two front wheels. In the case of a vehicle with two front wheels, it is essential to provide a front suspension device adapted to allow the lateral inclination of the vehicle in turns.

Claims (14)

REVENDICATIONS1. Véhicule (1), notamment véhicule automobile, comprenant un châssis (11) sur lequel est solidarisé un train avant (2) comportant au moins une roue avant (21) et un mécanisme directionnel permettant le braquage de ladite roue avant (21) et un train arrière (3) comportant deux roues arrière (31) reliées au châssis (11) par des moyens de suspension arrière adaptés pour permettre l'inclinaison latérale du véhicule notamment lors du braquage de la roue avant, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de suspension arrière comportent un unique bras de suspension (32) reliant les deux roues arrière (31) au châssis (11) et des moyens d'actionnement pilotés (5) permettant de modifier sélectivement l'inclinaison latérale du bras de suspension (32) par rapport aux roues arrières (31). REVENDICATIONS1. Vehicle (1), in particular a motor vehicle, comprising a chassis (11) on which is fixed a front axle (2) comprising at least one front wheel (21) and a directional mechanism allowing the steering of said front wheel (21) and a rear axle (3) comprising two rear wheels (31) connected to the chassis (11) by rear suspension means adapted to allow lateral inclination of the vehicle, in particular when steering the front wheel, characterized in that the suspension means at the rear comprise a single suspension arm (32) connecting the two rear wheels (31) to the chassis (11) and controlled actuation means (5) for selectively modifying the lateral inclination of the suspension arm (32) relative to at the rear wheels (31). 2. Véhicule (1) selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les roues arrière (31) sont reliées entre elles par une traverse rigide (33). 2. Vehicle (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the rear wheels (31) are interconnected by a rigid cross member (33). 3. Véhicule (1) selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que la traverse rigide (33) est reliée au bras de suspension (32) par une liaison de type pivot, d'axe de pivot aligné sensiblement suivant l'axe longitudinal du véhicule. 3. Vehicle (1) according to claim 2, characterized in that the rigid cross member (33) is connected to the suspension arm (32) by a pivot-type connection, pivot axis aligned substantially along the longitudinal axis of the vehicle. 4. Véhicule (1) selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que les moyens d'actionnement pilotés (5) comportent un actionneur piloté (51) solidaire du bras de suspension (32), un premier élément (42) entrainé en rotation par l'actionneur piloté (51) comportant un premier secteur denté (421) et un second élément (331) solidaire de la traverse rigide (33) comportant un second secteur denté (332), le premier secteur denté (421) engrenant en permanence avec le second secteur denté (332), permettant à l'actionneur piloté (51) de modifier l'inclinaison latérale de la traverse rigide (33) par rapport au bras de suspension (32). 4. Vehicle (1) according to claim 3, characterized in that the controlled actuating means (5) comprise a controlled actuator (51) integral with the suspension arm (32), a first element (42) driven in rotation by the driven actuator (51) having a first toothed sector (421) and a second element (331) integral with the rigid cross member (33) having a second toothed sector (332), the first tooth sector (421) meshing permanently with the second sector gear (332), allowing the actuated actuator (51) to change the lateral inclination of the rigid cross member (33) relative to the suspension arm (32). 5. Véhicule (1) selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que le rayon de courbure du premier secteur denté (441) est excentré par rapport à l'axe de pivot du premier élément (42). 5. Vehicle (1) according to claim 4, characterized in that the radius of curvature of the first toothed sector (441) is eccentric with respect to the pivot axis of the first element (42). 6. Véhicule (1) selon la revendication 4 ou 5, caractérisé en ce que le rayon de courbure du second secteur denté est excentré par rapport à l'axe de pivot du second élément (331) correspondant à l'axe de pivot de la traverse rigide (33). 6. Vehicle (1) according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the radius of curvature of the second toothed sector is eccentric with respect to the pivot axis of the second element (331) corresponding to the pivot axis of the rigid cross member (33). 7. Véhicule (1) selon la revendication 5 et 6, caractérisé en ce que le rayon de courbure du premier secteur denté (441) est inférieur au rayon de courbure du second secteur denté (332). 7. Vehicle (1) according to claim 5 and 6, characterized in that the radius of curvature of the first toothed sector (441) is smaller than the radius of curvature of the second toothed sector (332). 8. Véhicule (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 4 à 7, caractérisé en ce que le second élément (331) vient de matière et forme la partie centrale de la traverse rigide (33). 8. Vehicle (1) according to any one of claims 4 to 7, characterized in that the second element (331) comes from material and forms the central portion of the rigid cross member (33). 9. Véhicule (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 4 à 8, caractérisé en ce que la liaison entre le bras de suspension (32) et la traverse rigide (33) est formée par un écrou (41) positionné dans deux ouvertures circulaires formées respectivement dans un support (4) solidaire du bras de suspension (32) et dans le second élément (331) solidaire de la traverse rigide (33). 9. Vehicle (1) according to any one of claims 4 to 8, characterized in that the connection between the suspension arm (32) and the rigid cross member (33) is formed by a nut (41) positioned in two openings circular formed respectively in a support (4) integral with the suspension arm (32) and in the second element (331) integral with the rigid cross member (33). 10. Véhicule (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le bras de suspension (32) est relié au châssis (11) par une liaison de type pivot, d'axe de pivot aligné sensiblement suivant l'axe transversal du véhicule, de telle sorte que l'inclinaison latérale du bras de suspension (32) entraîne l'inclinaison latérale du châssis (11). 10. Vehicle (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the suspension arm (32) is connected to the frame (11) by a pivot type connection, pivot axis substantially aligned with the transverse axis of the vehicle, so that the lateral inclination of the suspension arm (32) causes the lateral inclination of the frame (11). 11. Véhicule (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédente, caractérisé en ce que le train avant (2) comporte une ou deux roues (21). 11. Vehicle (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the front axle (2) has one or two wheels (21). 12. Véhicule (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que lesdits moyens d'actionnement pilotés (5) sont commandés par un calculateur (52) permettant de traiter des paramètres de fonctionnement et des paramètres de roulage dudit véhicule (1) pour modifier sélectivement l'inclinaison latérale du bras de suspension arrière (32) par rapport aux roues arrière (31). 12. Vehicle (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said actuated control means (5) are controlled by a computer (52) for processing operating parameters and rolling parameters of said vehicle (1) for selectively modifying the lateral inclination of the rear suspension arm (32) relative to the rear wheels (31). 13. Véhicule (1) selon la revendication 12, caractérisé en ce que lesdits paramètres de fonctionnement et les paramètres de roulage du véhicule (1) dépendent de la vitesse de déplacement du véhicule (1), de la mesure de l'accélération latérale du véhicule (1), de l'estimation de l'adhérence latérale du véhicule (1). 13. Vehicle (1) according to claim 12, characterized in that said operating parameters and the vehicle running parameters (1) depend on the speed of movement of the vehicle (1), the measurement of the lateral acceleration of the vehicle. vehicle (1), the estimate of the lateral adhesion of the vehicle (1). 14. Dispositif de suspension arrière d'un véhicule selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes. Vehicle rear suspension device according to one of the preceding claims.
FR1151327A 2011-02-17 2011-02-17 VEHICLE HAS TWO REAR-REWINDED REAR WHEELS TO ENJOY LATERALLY IN TURNS Expired - Fee Related FR2971734B1 (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2243105A1 (en) * 1973-09-12 1975-04-04 Suzuki Motor Co
FR2449023A1 (en) * 1979-02-14 1980-09-12 Honda Motor Co Ltd THREE-WHEEL VEHICLE WITH UNILATERAL REAR DRIVE
FR2495094A1 (en) * 1980-10-03 1982-06-04 Honda Motor Co Ltd DEVICE FOR SUSPENSION OF REAR WHEELS OF A MOTORIZED TRICYCLE COMPRISING A ROTARY JOINT BETWEEN THE FRAME AND THE REAR WHEELS
FR2528376A1 (en) * 1982-03-19 1983-12-16 Honda Motor Co Ltd PERFECTED ARTICULATED TRICYCLE
US4678053A (en) * 1983-01-08 1987-07-07 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Tiltable tricycle
EP0606191A1 (en) * 1993-01-04 1994-07-13 Carlos Calleja Vidal Wheeled vehicle comprising an oscillating axle and an articulated rocking lever having locking possibilities
GB2279047A (en) * 1993-06-16 1994-12-21 David Dovison Banking suspension
EP1403172A1 (en) * 2002-09-25 2004-03-31 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Three-wheeled vehicle provided with swinging mechanism
WO2006002590A1 (en) * 2004-07-01 2006-01-12 Xiangyang Zhang Tricycle and frame thereof
US20080001377A1 (en) * 2004-03-31 2008-01-03 Vladimir Rogic Axle Assembly
US20090127813A1 (en) * 2007-11-15 2009-05-21 Craig Stewart Constant velocity joint rear wheel suspension system for all-terrain vehicle
CA2652789A1 (en) * 2009-02-05 2010-08-05 Oxygeno Inc. Curved connector for a vehicle suspension system

Patent Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2243105A1 (en) * 1973-09-12 1975-04-04 Suzuki Motor Co
FR2449023A1 (en) * 1979-02-14 1980-09-12 Honda Motor Co Ltd THREE-WHEEL VEHICLE WITH UNILATERAL REAR DRIVE
FR2495094A1 (en) * 1980-10-03 1982-06-04 Honda Motor Co Ltd DEVICE FOR SUSPENSION OF REAR WHEELS OF A MOTORIZED TRICYCLE COMPRISING A ROTARY JOINT BETWEEN THE FRAME AND THE REAR WHEELS
FR2528376A1 (en) * 1982-03-19 1983-12-16 Honda Motor Co Ltd PERFECTED ARTICULATED TRICYCLE
US4678053A (en) * 1983-01-08 1987-07-07 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Tiltable tricycle
EP0606191A1 (en) * 1993-01-04 1994-07-13 Carlos Calleja Vidal Wheeled vehicle comprising an oscillating axle and an articulated rocking lever having locking possibilities
GB2279047A (en) * 1993-06-16 1994-12-21 David Dovison Banking suspension
EP1403172A1 (en) * 2002-09-25 2004-03-31 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Three-wheeled vehicle provided with swinging mechanism
US20080001377A1 (en) * 2004-03-31 2008-01-03 Vladimir Rogic Axle Assembly
WO2006002590A1 (en) * 2004-07-01 2006-01-12 Xiangyang Zhang Tricycle and frame thereof
US20090127813A1 (en) * 2007-11-15 2009-05-21 Craig Stewart Constant velocity joint rear wheel suspension system for all-terrain vehicle
CA2652789A1 (en) * 2009-02-05 2010-08-05 Oxygeno Inc. Curved connector for a vehicle suspension system

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