FR2931656A1 - Dispositif de fixation d'un insert dans une cupule pour implant cotyloidien - Google Patents
Dispositif de fixation d'un insert dans une cupule pour implant cotyloidien Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- FR2931656A1 FR2931656A1 FR0802981A FR0802981A FR2931656A1 FR 2931656 A1 FR2931656 A1 FR 2931656A1 FR 0802981 A FR0802981 A FR 0802981A FR 0802981 A FR0802981 A FR 0802981A FR 2931656 A1 FR2931656 A1 FR 2931656A1
- Authority
- FR
- France
- Prior art keywords
- ring
- frustoconical
- insert
- fastening device
- cup
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/30721—Accessories
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/32—Joints for the hip
- A61F2/34—Acetabular cups
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/30767—Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/32—Joints for the hip
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2002/30001—Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
- A61F2002/30108—Shapes
- A61F2002/30199—Three-dimensional shapes
- A61F2002/30205—Three-dimensional shapes conical
- A61F2002/30217—Three-dimensional shapes conical hollow cones, e.g. tubular-like cones
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2002/30001—Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
- A61F2002/30316—The prosthesis having different structural features at different locations within the same prosthesis; Connections between prosthetic parts; Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
- A61F2002/30329—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements
- A61F2002/30331—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements made by longitudinally pushing a protrusion into a complementarily-shaped recess, e.g. held by friction fit
- A61F2002/30332—Conically- or frustoconically-shaped protrusion and recess
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2002/30001—Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
- A61F2002/30316—The prosthesis having different structural features at different locations within the same prosthesis; Connections between prosthetic parts; Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
- A61F2002/30329—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements
- A61F2002/30405—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements made by screwing complementary threads machined on the parts themselves
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2002/30001—Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
- A61F2002/30316—The prosthesis having different structural features at different locations within the same prosthesis; Connections between prosthetic parts; Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
- A61F2002/30329—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements
- A61F2002/30405—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements made by screwing complementary threads machined on the parts themselves
- A61F2002/30408—Conical threadings
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2002/30001—Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
- A61F2002/30316—The prosthesis having different structural features at different locations within the same prosthesis; Connections between prosthetic parts; Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
- A61F2002/30329—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements
- A61F2002/30474—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements using an intermediate sleeve interposed between both prosthetic parts to be coupled
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2002/30001—Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
- A61F2002/30316—The prosthesis having different structural features at different locations within the same prosthesis; Connections between prosthetic parts; Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
- A61F2002/30329—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements
- A61F2002/30476—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements locked by an additional locking mechanism
- A61F2002/30485—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements locked by an additional locking mechanism plastically deformable
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2002/30001—Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
- A61F2002/30316—The prosthesis having different structural features at different locations within the same prosthesis; Connections between prosthetic parts; Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
- A61F2002/30329—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements
- A61F2002/30476—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements locked by an additional locking mechanism
- A61F2002/305—Snap connection
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2002/30001—Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
- A61F2002/30316—The prosthesis having different structural features at different locations within the same prosthesis; Connections between prosthetic parts; Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
- A61F2002/30535—Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
- A61F2002/30574—Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for with an integral complete or partial collar or flange
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2002/30001—Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
- A61F2002/30316—The prosthesis having different structural features at different locations within the same prosthesis; Connections between prosthetic parts; Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
- A61F2002/30535—Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
- A61F2002/30593—Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for hollow
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/30767—Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth
- A61F2/30771—Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth applied in original prostheses, e.g. holes or grooves
- A61F2002/30772—Apertures or holes, e.g. of circular cross section
- A61F2002/30774—Apertures or holes, e.g. of circular cross section internally-threaded
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/30767—Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth
- A61F2/30771—Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth applied in original prostheses, e.g. holes or grooves
- A61F2002/30772—Apertures or holes, e.g. of circular cross section
- A61F2002/30784—Plurality of holes
- A61F2002/30785—Plurality of holes parallel
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/30767—Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth
- A61F2/30771—Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth applied in original prostheses, e.g. holes or grooves
- A61F2002/3082—Grooves
- A61F2002/30823—Grooves having the shape of a reverse dovetail
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/32—Joints for the hip
- A61F2/36—Femoral heads ; Femoral endoprostheses
- A61F2/3609—Femoral heads or necks; Connections of endoprosthetic heads or necks to endoprosthetic femoral shafts
- A61F2002/3611—Heads or epiphyseal parts of femur
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/32—Joints for the hip
- A61F2/36—Femoral heads ; Femoral endoprostheses
- A61F2/3609—Femoral heads or necks; Connections of endoprosthetic heads or necks to endoprosthetic femoral shafts
- A61F2002/3625—Necks
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/46—Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor
- A61F2/4637—Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor for connecting or disconnecting two parts of a prosthesis
- A61F2002/4641—Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor for connecting or disconnecting two parts of a prosthesis for disconnecting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2220/00—Fixations or connections for prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
- A61F2220/0025—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2220/00—Fixations or connections for prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
- A61F2220/0025—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements
- A61F2220/0033—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements made by longitudinally pushing a protrusion into a complementary-shaped recess, e.g. held by friction fit
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2230/00—Geometry of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
- A61F2230/0063—Three-dimensional shapes
- A61F2230/0067—Three-dimensional shapes conical
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2310/00—Prostheses classified in A61F2/28 or A61F2/30 - A61F2/44 being constructed from or coated with a particular material
- A61F2310/00005—The prosthesis being constructed from a particular material
- A61F2310/00011—Metals or alloys
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2310/00—Prostheses classified in A61F2/28 or A61F2/30 - A61F2/44 being constructed from or coated with a particular material
- A61F2310/00005—The prosthesis being constructed from a particular material
- A61F2310/00011—Metals or alloys
- A61F2310/00017—Iron- or Fe-based alloys, e.g. stainless steel
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2310/00—Prostheses classified in A61F2/28 or A61F2/30 - A61F2/44 being constructed from or coated with a particular material
- A61F2310/00005—The prosthesis being constructed from a particular material
- A61F2310/00011—Metals or alloys
- A61F2310/00023—Titanium or titanium-based alloys, e.g. Ti-Ni alloys
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2310/00—Prostheses classified in A61F2/28 or A61F2/30 - A61F2/44 being constructed from or coated with a particular material
- A61F2310/00005—The prosthesis being constructed from a particular material
- A61F2310/00011—Metals or alloys
- A61F2310/00029—Cobalt-based alloys, e.g. Co-Cr alloys or Vitallium
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2310/00—Prostheses classified in A61F2/28 or A61F2/30 - A61F2/44 being constructed from or coated with a particular material
- A61F2310/00005—The prosthesis being constructed from a particular material
- A61F2310/00179—Ceramics or ceramic-like structures
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2310/00—Prostheses classified in A61F2/28 or A61F2/30 - A61F2/44 being constructed from or coated with a particular material
- A61F2310/00005—The prosthesis being constructed from a particular material
- A61F2310/00179—Ceramics or ceramic-like structures
- A61F2310/00185—Ceramics or ceramic-like structures based on metal oxides
- A61F2310/00203—Ceramics or ceramic-like structures based on metal oxides containing alumina or aluminium oxide
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2310/00—Prostheses classified in A61F2/28 or A61F2/30 - A61F2/44 being constructed from or coated with a particular material
- A61F2310/00389—The prosthesis being coated or covered with a particular material
- A61F2310/00592—Coating or prosthesis-covering structure made of ceramics or of ceramic-like compounds
- A61F2310/00796—Coating or prosthesis-covering structure made of a phosphorus-containing compound, e.g. hydroxy(l)apatite
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
- Cardiology (AREA)
- Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
- Transplantation (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Vascular Medicine (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Prostheses (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (14)
- REVENDICATIONS1. Dispositif de fixation d'un insert (16) réalisé en matériau rigide, tel que de la céramique ou de l'alumine, dans lequel est destinée à être articulée une tête fémorale prothétique (18), dans une cavité (13) délimitée par une cupule (12) pour implant cotyloïdien destinée à être fixée dans une cavité cotyloïdienne, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend une bague (2) dont la surface intérieure est délimitée par une surface tronconique interne (3) destinée à coopérer par frottement avec une portion tronconique (19) de forme complémentaire ménagée sur la surface extérieure de l'insert et dont la surface extérieure est délimitée par une surface tronconique externe (4) destinée à coopérer par frottement avec une portion tronconique (14) de forme complémentaire ménagée dans la cavité délimitée par la cupule (12), les surfaces tronconiques interne et externe convergeant dans la même direction, et en ce que des moyens de mise en prise (8) d'un outil d'extraction sont ménagés sur la bague.
- 2. Dispositif de fixation selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la surface tronconique interne (3) présente un angle au sommet supérieur 20 à celui de la surface tronconique externe (4).
- 3. Dispositif de fixation selon l'une des revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé en ce que les surfaces tronconiques interne et externe sont coaxiales.
- 4. Dispositif de fixation selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, 25 caractérisé en ce que les moyens de mise en prise comportent au moins un trou taraudé (8) ménagé dans la bague (2) et débouchant au niveau de l'extrémité de plus grande section de la bague.
- 5. Dispositif de fixation selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que la bague (2) comprend, à son extrémité de plus grande 30 section, un rebord (5) s'étendant vers l'extérieur.
- 6. Dispositif de fixation selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que le rebord (5) s'étend sensiblement sur toute la périphérie de la bague.
- 7. Dispositif de fixation selon l'une des revendications 5 et 6, caractérisé en ce que la surface du rebord tournée vers l'intérieur de la bague 35 est délimitée par une portion tronconique (6) d'angle au sommet supérieur à celui de la surface tronconique interne (3).
- 8. Dispositif de fixation selon l'une des revendications 5 à 7, caractérisé en ce que le rebord (5) présente sur au moins une partie de sa périphérie un profil sensiblement arrondi ou chanfreiné (7).
- 9. Dispositif de fixation selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8, 5 caractérisé en ce qu'un microfiletage (9) est ménagé sur la surface tronconique externe (4) de la bague (2).
- 10. Dispositif de fixation selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que le microfiletage (9) est trapézoïdal.
- 11. Dispositif de fixation selon l'une des revendications 1 à 10, 10 caractérisé en ce que la surface tronconique interne (3) présente un angle au sommet d'environ 19°.
- 12. Dispositif de fixation selon l'une des revendications 1 à 11, caractérisé en ce que la surface tronconique externe (4) présente un angle au sommet inférieur à 16°, et de préférence d'environ 14°. 15
- 13. Dispositif de fixation selon l'une des revendications 1 à 12, caractérisé en ce que la bague (2) est métallique.
- 14. Implant cotyloïdien (11) comprenant une cupule (12) de forme sensiblement hémisphérique et destinée à être fixée dans une cavité cotyloïdienne, la cupule (12) délimitant une cavité intérieure (13) dans laquelle 20 est ménagée une portion tronconique (14), et un insert (16) réalisé en matériau rigide, tel que de la céramique ou de l'alumine, dans lequel est destinée à être articulée une tête fémorale prothétique (18), une portion tronconique (19) étant ménagée sur la surface extérieure de l'insert, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend un dispositif de fixation selon l'une des revendications 1 à 13.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0802981A FR2931656B1 (fr) | 2008-05-30 | 2008-05-30 | Dispositif de fixation d'un insert dans une cupule pour implant cotyloidien |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0802981A FR2931656B1 (fr) | 2008-05-30 | 2008-05-30 | Dispositif de fixation d'un insert dans une cupule pour implant cotyloidien |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
FR2931656A1 true FR2931656A1 (fr) | 2009-12-04 |
FR2931656B1 FR2931656B1 (fr) | 2011-12-23 |
Family
ID=40140004
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
FR0802981A Expired - Fee Related FR2931656B1 (fr) | 2008-05-30 | 2008-05-30 | Dispositif de fixation d'un insert dans une cupule pour implant cotyloidien |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
FR (1) | FR2931656B1 (fr) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN109381281A (zh) * | 2017-08-07 | 2019-02-26 | 创生医疗器械(中国)有限公司 | 一种髋臼***及其使用方法 |
Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2575384A1 (fr) * | 1984-12-28 | 1986-07-04 | Hummer Jacques | Prothese femorale et ancillaire correspondant |
US5263988A (en) * | 1991-08-20 | 1993-11-23 | Exactech, Inc. | Bipolar endoprosthesis |
EP0694294A1 (fr) * | 1994-07-28 | 1996-01-31 | Werner Hermann | Cupule d'une prothèse d'articulation |
EP0773007A1 (fr) * | 1995-11-07 | 1997-05-14 | Aesculap Ag | Capule de hanche endoprothétique |
AT413259B (de) * | 2002-11-08 | 2006-01-15 | Falcon Medical Medizinische Sp | Zwischenstück |
US20070179629A1 (en) * | 2006-01-31 | 2007-08-02 | Murphy Stephen B | Acetabular cup assembly and cup revising method |
US20070239283A1 (en) * | 2006-04-11 | 2007-10-11 | Berger Richard A | Acetabular cup conversion ring |
-
2008
- 2008-05-30 FR FR0802981A patent/FR2931656B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2575384A1 (fr) * | 1984-12-28 | 1986-07-04 | Hummer Jacques | Prothese femorale et ancillaire correspondant |
US5263988A (en) * | 1991-08-20 | 1993-11-23 | Exactech, Inc. | Bipolar endoprosthesis |
EP0694294A1 (fr) * | 1994-07-28 | 1996-01-31 | Werner Hermann | Cupule d'une prothèse d'articulation |
EP0773007A1 (fr) * | 1995-11-07 | 1997-05-14 | Aesculap Ag | Capule de hanche endoprothétique |
AT413259B (de) * | 2002-11-08 | 2006-01-15 | Falcon Medical Medizinische Sp | Zwischenstück |
US20070179629A1 (en) * | 2006-01-31 | 2007-08-02 | Murphy Stephen B | Acetabular cup assembly and cup revising method |
US20070239283A1 (en) * | 2006-04-11 | 2007-10-11 | Berger Richard A | Acetabular cup conversion ring |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN109381281A (zh) * | 2017-08-07 | 2019-02-26 | 创生医疗器械(中国)有限公司 | 一种髋臼***及其使用方法 |
CN109381281B (zh) * | 2017-08-07 | 2024-02-13 | 创生医疗器械(中国)有限公司 | 一种髋臼***及其使用方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2931656B1 (fr) | 2011-12-23 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP0299889B1 (fr) | Prothèse totale de l'épaule | |
EP1229872B1 (fr) | Prothese cotyloidienne expansible a double mobilite | |
EP2257244B1 (fr) | Élément cotyloïdien de prothèse de hanche, et prothèse totale de hanche le comportant | |
FR2746631A1 (fr) | Ensemble d'elements pour la constitution d'une prothese totale de la hanche | |
EP1824422B1 (fr) | Prothèse acétabulaire destinée à être fixée sans ciment | |
EP2374432B1 (fr) | Gamme d'implants cotyloïdiens de différentes tailles | |
FR2948013A1 (fr) | Cupule metallique pour implant cotyloidien | |
FR2897527A1 (fr) | Cupule pour implant cotyloidien | |
FR2909541A1 (fr) | Systeme prothetique cotyloidien a impaction simplifiee | |
EP1053723B1 (fr) | Implant cotyloidien médialisé et à noyau mobile | |
FR2931656A1 (fr) | Dispositif de fixation d'un insert dans une cupule pour implant cotyloidien | |
EP2582329B1 (fr) | Procede de fabrication d'un cotyle ceramique | |
FR2883722A1 (fr) | Implant cotyloidien | |
EP3251628A1 (fr) | Capuchon de cicatrisation pour une molaire et prothese provisoire pour une molaire | |
FR2819172A1 (fr) | Implant cotyloidien dit "de reprise" | |
FR2970411A1 (fr) | Element d'ancrage permettant l'ancrage a un os d'une piece articulaire d'une prothese d'articulation | |
FR3004921A3 (fr) | Prothese d'articulation pour petits os, a cupule et a tete s'articulant dans la cavite delimitee par cette cupule | |
FR2996443A1 (fr) | Cupule de resurfacage pour une tete d’un os long | |
FR2785523A1 (fr) | Cupule metallique pour implant cotyloidien de prothese totale de hanche | |
FR2923154A1 (fr) | Ensemble prothetique d'une articulation comprenant une serie de tiges de taille differentes et presentant une tete d'articulation destinee a recevoir une cupule | |
FR2890853A1 (fr) | Implant prothetique pour l'articulation de l'epaule | |
FR2634643A1 (fr) | Tige pour prothese de hanche | |
FR2950524A1 (fr) | Implant cotyloidien | |
FR2973221A1 (fr) | Implant intervertebral, notamment destine a etre implante entre deux vertebres cervicales | |
FR2686015A1 (fr) | Prothese de hanche. |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
CL | Concession to grant licences | ||
TQ | Partial transmission of property |
Owner name: FOURNITURES HOSPITALIERES INDUSTRIE, FR Effective date: 20130827 Owner name: JEAN NORTH, FR Effective date: 20130827 Owner name: JEAN GILLES GAFFURI, FR Effective date: 20130827 Owner name: DOMINIQUE MOCHEL, FR Effective date: 20130827 Owner name: FRANCOIS GASTAUD, FR Effective date: 20130827 Owner name: F.H. ORTHOPEDICS, FR Effective date: 20130827 |
|
PLFP | Fee payment |
Year of fee payment: 8 |
|
TQ | Partial transmission of property |
Owner name: DOMINIQUE MOCHEL, FR Effective date: 20150401 Owner name: THIERRY AUCOUTURIER, FR Effective date: 20150401 Owner name: THIERRY GERMONVILLE, FR Effective date: 20150401 Owner name: PIERRE JOVENIAUX, FR Effective date: 20150401 Owner name: MICHEL BRAX, FR Effective date: 20150401 Owner name: JEAN NORTH, FR Effective date: 20150401 Owner name: FRANCOIS GASTAUD, FR Effective date: 20150401 Owner name: JEAN GILLES GAFFURI, FR Effective date: 20150401 Owner name: FOURNITURES HOSPITALIERES INDUSTRIE, FR Effective date: 20150401 Owner name: F.H. ORTHOPEDICS, FR Effective date: 20150401 |
|
TQ | Partial transmission of property |
Owner name: THIERRY AUCOUTURIER, FR Effective date: 20151106 Owner name: BENOIT GIRAUD, FR Effective date: 20151106 Owner name: JEAN NORTH, FR Effective date: 20151106 Owner name: FRANCOIS GASTAUD, FR Effective date: 20151106 Owner name: MICHEL BRAX, FR Effective date: 20151106 Owner name: RENE PAULE, FR Effective date: 20151106 Owner name: PIERRE JOVENIAUX, FR Effective date: 20151106 Owner name: DOMINIQUE MOCHEL, FR Effective date: 20151106 Owner name: THIERRY GERMONVILLE, FR Effective date: 20151106 Owner name: JEAN GILLES GAFFURI, FR Effective date: 20151106 Owner name: F.H. ORTHOPEDICS, FR Effective date: 20151106 Owner name: FOURNITURES HOSPITALIERES INDUSTRIE, FR Effective date: 20151106 |
|
PLFP | Fee payment |
Year of fee payment: 9 |
|
ST | Notification of lapse |
Effective date: 20180131 |