FR2891305A1 - Motor vehicle engine exhaust system with fuel injector after catalyser has unit to rotate fluid after injector and before filter - Google Patents

Motor vehicle engine exhaust system with fuel injector after catalyser has unit to rotate fluid after injector and before filter Download PDF

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Publication number
FR2891305A1
FR2891305A1 FR0509853A FR0509853A FR2891305A1 FR 2891305 A1 FR2891305 A1 FR 2891305A1 FR 0509853 A FR0509853 A FR 0509853A FR 0509853 A FR0509853 A FR 0509853A FR 2891305 A1 FR2891305 A1 FR 2891305A1
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France
Prior art keywords
injector
exhaust line
line
axis
downstream
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Granted
Application number
FR0509853A
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French (fr)
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FR2891305B1 (en
Inventor
Ludovic Francois
Thomas Guerineau
Anne Sophie Mazurais
Olivier Poussin
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Renault SAS
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Renault SAS
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Priority to FR0509853A priority Critical patent/FR2891305B1/en
Publication of FR2891305A1 publication Critical patent/FR2891305A1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
    • F01N3/025—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using fuel burner or by adding fuel to exhaust
    • F01N3/0253—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using fuel burner or by adding fuel to exhaust adding fuel to exhaust gases
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
    • B01F23/21—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing liquids into gaseous media
    • B01F23/213—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing liquids into gaseous media by spraying or atomising of the liquids
    • B01F23/2132—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing liquids into gaseous media by spraying or atomising of the liquids using nozzles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/10—Mixing by creating a vortex flow, e.g. by tangential introduction of flow components
    • B01F25/104—Mixing by creating a vortex flow, e.g. by tangential introduction of flow components characterised by the arrangement of the discharge opening
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/30—Injector mixers
    • B01F25/31—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows
    • B01F25/313—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows wherein additional components are introduced in the centre of the conduit
    • B01F25/3131—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows wherein additional components are introduced in the centre of the conduit with additional mixing means other than injector mixers, e.g. screens, baffles or rotating elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/40—Static mixers
    • B01F25/42—Static mixers in which the mixing is affected by moving the components jointly in changing directions, e.g. in tubes provided with baffles or obstructions
    • B01F25/43—Mixing tubes, e.g. wherein the material is moved in a radial or partly reversed direction
    • B01F25/431—Straight mixing tubes with baffles or obstructions that do not cause substantial pressure drop; Baffles therefor
    • B01F25/4315—Straight mixing tubes with baffles or obstructions that do not cause substantial pressure drop; Baffles therefor the baffles being deformed flat pieces of material
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/08—Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
    • F01N3/0231—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using special exhaust apparatus upstream of the filter for producing nitrogen dioxide, e.g. for continuous filter regeneration systems [CRT]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/033—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices
    • F01N3/035—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices with catalytic reactors, e.g. catalysed diesel particulate filters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
    • F01N3/2892—Exhaust flow directors or the like, e.g. upstream of catalytic device
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
    • F01N2240/20—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being a flow director or deflector
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2450/00—Methods or apparatus for fitting, inserting or repairing different elements
    • F01N2450/10—Fitting temporarily exhaust apparatus on exhaust conduit, e.g. in confined environment, garage or the like
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2470/00—Structure or shape of gas passages, pipes or tubes
    • F01N2470/18—Structure or shape of gas passages, pipes or tubes the axis of inlet or outlet tubes being other than the longitudinal axis of apparatus
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters

Abstract

The exhaust system, containing an oxidation catalyser for the exhaust from a Diesel engine, followed by a fuel injector (22) and a particle filter, incorporates a unit (15) to rotate a fluid after the injector and ahead of the filter, designed so that the rotation is effected locally and about an axis (20) parallel to the local axis of the exhaust line. The direction of the injection can coincide locally with the axis of rotation, and the exhaust gases can be fed to the point of the injection in a direction that lies tangentially to the rotary motion via a spiral duct (15) above the injector.

Description

L'invention concerne les lignes d'échappement des moteurs de véhicule.The invention relates to the exhaust lines of the vehicle engines.

Les normes de dépollution deviennent de plus en plus contraignantes pour les constructeurs automobiles. Ainsi les émissions de particules des moteurs diesel sont très surveillées. Afin de réduire le nombre de particules sortant de la ligne d'échappement, les véhicules sont maintenant équipés de filtres à particules. Ces filtres stockent les particules et doivent donc être vidés (c'est-à-dire régénérés) régulièrement. Cette régénération a lieu lorsque la température des gaz d'échappement traversant le filtre atteint un niveau suffisant pour permettre la combustion des particules.  The standards of depollution become more and more constraining for the car manufacturers. As a result, particulate emissions from diesel engines are closely monitored. In order to reduce the number of particles leaving the exhaust line, the vehicles are now equipped with particulate filters. These filters store the particles and must therefore be emptied (ie regenerated) regularly. This regeneration takes place when the temperature of the exhaust gas passing through the filter reaches a level sufficient to allow the combustion of the particles.

Pour atteindre cette température suffisamment élevée, il est commun de placer le filtre à particules près de la sortie de la culasse afin de bénéficier de la température de gaz la plus élevée. Toutefois cela n'est pas toujours possible pour des questions d'encombrement dans le cocon moteur du véhicule. Il faut donc alors trouver une solution pour augmenter la température des gaz d'échappement juste en amont du filtre.  To reach this sufficiently high temperature, it is common to place the particle filter near the outlet of the cylinder head to benefit from the highest gas temperature. However, this is not always possible for congestion issues in the engine's cocoon. It is therefore necessary to find a solution to increase the temperature of the exhaust gas just upstream of the filter.

Une solution couramment envisagée pour cela est d'implanter un injecteur en amont du filtre à particules. Ce dispositif permet, en injectant du carburant dans la ligne d'échappement à ce niveau, de provoquer une combustion juste en amont du filtre et ainsi d'augmenter la température des gaz dans le filtre.  A solution currently considered for this is to implant an injector upstream of the particulate filter. This device makes it possible, by injecting fuel into the exhaust line at this level, to cause combustion just upstream of the filter and thus to increase the temperature of the gases in the filter.

Toutefois, la combustion n'a pas lieu en général de façon optimale. Ainsi, elle n'utilise pas tout l'oxygène encore disponible dans les gaz d'échappement. De plus, il peut se former des gouttelettes de carburant qui sont difficiles à brûler et risquent par ailleurs de se déposer sur les parois de la ligne d'échappement.  However, combustion does not generally take place optimally. Thus, it does not use all the oxygen still available in the exhaust. In addition, fuel droplets may be formed which are difficult to burn and may otherwise deposit on the walls of the exhaust line.

Un but de l'invention est d'optimiser cette combustion.  An object of the invention is to optimize this combustion.

A cet effet, on prévoit selon l'invention une ligne d'échappement de moteur de véhicule, comprenant: - un catalyseur d'oxydation; - un injecteur de carburant en aval du catalyseur; et - un filtre à particules, la ligne comprenant également des moyens pour mettre en rotation un fluide de la ligne en aval de l'injecteur et en amont du filtre.  For this purpose, there is provided according to the invention a vehicle engine exhaust line, comprising: - an oxidation catalyst; a fuel injector downstream of the catalyst; and a particle filter, the line also comprising means for rotating a fluid of the line downstream of the injector and upstream of the filter.

Ainsi, la rotation du mélange formé par le gaz et le carburant permet d'améliorer la qualité de ce mélange en vue d'utiliser tout l'oxygène encore disponible dans les gaz d'échappement et d'éviter la formation de gouttelettes. En particulier, dans certains moteurs actuels, la distance entre le point d'injection et l'entrée du filtre est particulièrement courte. L'invention facilite et accélère la vaporisation du carburant même avec une telle configuration.  Thus, the rotation of the mixture formed by the gas and the fuel makes it possible to improve the quality of this mixture in order to use all the oxygen still available in the exhaust gas and to avoid the formation of droplets. In particular, in some current engines, the distance between the injection point and the inlet of the filter is particularly short. The invention facilitates and accelerates the vaporization of the fuel even with such a configuration.

La ligne d'échappement selon l'invention pourra présenter en outre au moins l'une quelconque des caractéristiques suivantes: - les moyens de mise en rotation sont agencés de sorte que la rotation s'effectue localement autour d'un axe parallèle à l'axe local de la ligne d'échappement; - la ligne est agencée de sorte qu'une direction de l'injection est confondue localement avec un axe de la rotation; - la ligne est agencée de sorte que des gaz de la ligne sont acheminés au lieu de l'injection suivant une direction tangentielle au mouvement de rotation; - la ligne comprend un conduit de forme hélicoïdale s'étendant en amont de l'injecteur; - le conduit a une section de superficie décroissante d'amont en aval; et - les moyens de mise en rotation comprennent au moins un déflecteur et de préférence plusieurs.  The exhaust line according to the invention may furthermore have at least one of the following characteristics: the rotation-setting means are arranged so that the rotation is carried out locally around an axis parallel to the local axis of the exhaust line; - The line is arranged so that a direction of injection is locally confused with an axis of rotation; the line is arranged so that gases from the line are conveyed to the injection site in a direction tangential to the rotational movement; the line comprises a helical-shaped duct extending upstream of the injector; the duct has a section of decreasing area from upstream to downstream; and - the rotating means comprise at least one baffle and preferably several.

On prévoit également selon l'invention un moteur comprenant une ligne d'échappement selon l'invention, et un véhicule comprenant un tel moteur.  Also provided according to the invention a motor comprising an exhaust line according to the invention, and a vehicle comprising such a motor.

On prévoit enfin selon l'invention un procédé de commande d'une ligne d'échappement d'un moteur de véhicule dans lequel: - on injecte du carburant en aval d'un catalyseur d'oxydation; et - on met en rotation un fluide de la ligne en aval d'un lieu de l'injection et en amont d'un filtre à particules.  Finally, according to the invention there is provided a method of controlling an exhaust line of a vehicle engine in which: fuel is injected downstream of an oxidation catalyst; and - a fluid is rotated in the line downstream from a place of injection and upstream of a particle filter.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparaîtront encore dans la description suivante de trois modes de réalisation donnés à titre d'exemples non limitatifs en référence aux dessins annexés sur lesquels: la figure 1 est une vue schématique d'une ligne d'échappement montrant le principe de l'invention - la figure 2 montre une partie de cette ligne dans un premier mode de réalisation; - les figures 3, 4 et 5 sont des vues en perspectives d'une partie de la ligne dans un deuxième mode de réalisation de l'invention; et - les figures 6 et 7 sont respectivement des vues partielles en perspective et en vue axiale d'une partie de la ligne dans un troisième mode de réalisation de l'invention.  Other features and advantages of the invention will become apparent in the following description of three embodiments given by way of non-limiting example with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a line of Exhaust showing the principle of the invention - Figure 2 shows part of this line in a first embodiment; FIGS. 3, 4 and 5 are perspective views of part of the line in a second embodiment of the invention; and - Figures 6 and 7 are respectively partial views in perspective and in axial view of a portion of the line in a third embodiment of the invention.

On a illustré à la figure 1 une ligne d'échappement selon l'invention pour un véhicule automobile diesel. La ligne 2 comprend un collecteur d'échappement 4 ayant pour fonction de réunir en un seul conduit les gaz sortant de chacun des cylindres de la culasse 6 du bloc moteur.  FIG. 1 illustrates an exhaust line according to the invention for a diesel motor vehicle. Line 2 comprises an exhaust manifold 4 whose function is to unite in a single conduit the gas exiting each of the cylinders of the cylinder head 6 of the engine block.

La ligne comprend dans le présent exemple une turbine 8 d'un turbocompresseur 12, cette turbine étant entraînée par les gaz provenant du collecteur 4. Le but est de récupérer l'énergie des gaz d'échappement afin de créer une surpression des gaz frais à l'admission au moyen du compresseur 10 entraîné par la turbine 8. Le moteur est dans ce cas un moteur suralimenté.  The line comprises in the present example a turbine 8 of a turbocharger 12, this turbine being driven by the gases coming from the collector 4. The purpose is to recover the energy of the exhaust gases in order to create an overpressure of the fresh gases at the admission by means of the compressor 10 driven by the turbine 8. The engine is in this case a supercharged engine.

La ligne d'échappement comprend en aval de la turbine 8 un catalyseur ou convertisseur catalytique 14 ayant pour but de traiter certains polluants compris dans les gaz d'échappement. Naturellement on pourra prévoir que la ligne 2 comprend non pas un mais plusieurs catalyseurs.  The exhaust line comprises downstream of the turbine 8 a catalyst or catalytic converter 14 for the purpose of treating certain pollutants included in the exhaust gas. Of course we can predict that the line 2 includes not one but several catalysts.

Elle comprend un conduit 16 mettant en communication la sortie du catalyseur avec l'entrée d'un filtre à particules 18 dont la fonction est de stocker les particules acheminées par les gaz jusqu'à ce qu'elles soient détruites lors de la régénération du filtre.  It comprises a conduit 16 placing the catalyst outlet in communication with the inlet of a particulate filter 18 whose function is to store the particles conveyed by the gases until they are destroyed during the regeneration of the filter .

La ligne d'échappement 2 comprend en outre un injecteur 22 agencé pour injecter dans le conduit 16 en aval du catalyseur 14 et en amont du filtre 18 du carburant destiné à se mélanger avec les gaz sortant du catalyseur 14.  The exhaust line 2 further comprises an injector 22 arranged to inject into the duct 16 downstream of the catalyst 14 and upstream of the filter 18 of the fuel intended to mix with the gases leaving the catalyst 14.

Les différents composants 4, 8, 14, 16 et 18 sont disposés en série les uns des autres dans la ligne.  The various components 4, 8, 14, 16 and 18 are arranged in series from each other in the line.

On va décrire dans la suite en référence aux figures 2 à 7 différents modes de réalisation de la partie de la ligne comprenant le conduit 16. Dans ce conduit situé en aval du catalyseur 14 et en amont du filtre à particules 18, on crée un mouvement de rotation au sein du fluide transitant par la ligne. Dans ces différents exemples, le mouvement de rotation présente localement un axe de rotation 20 qui coïncide avec l'axe local du conduit 16. Dans les différents exemples qui seront décrits, le conduit 16 est rectiligne.  The following will be described hereinafter with reference to FIGS. 2 to 7 different embodiments of the part of the line comprising the conduit 16. In this duct located downstream of the catalyst 14 and upstream of the particulate filter 18, a movement is created. of rotation within the fluid passing through the line. In these various examples, the rotational movement locally has an axis of rotation 20 which coincides with the local axis of the conduit 16. In the various examples which will be described, the conduit 16 is rectilinear.

Dans le premier mode de réalisation illustré à la figure 2, le conduit 15 mettant en communication la sortie du catalyseur 14 avec le conduit 16 (il s'agit par exemple du cône de sortie du catalyseur) débouche dans la paroi latérale du conduit 16. L'injecteur 22 est positionné à une extrémité axiale amont 24 du conduit 16 afin d'injecter le carburant suivant un cône 26 dont l'axe coïncide avec l'axe 20 de la rotation escomptée et l'axe local du conduit 16. Le conduit 15 est rectiligne et incliné par rapport au conduit 16 et son axe 28 n'est pas sécant avec l'axe 20, ce qui permet d'introduire les gaz provenant du catalyseur 14 dans le conduit 16 en leur donnant le mouvement de rotation autour de l'axe 20 illustré à la figure 2 et de les injecter vers l'aval du conduit 16. Comme on le voit, les gaz sont ainsi acheminés au lieu de l'injection suivant une direction tangentielle au mouvement de rotation. Grâce à cette orientation, les gaz se mélangent convenablement avec le carburant injecté à cet endroit. Le mouvement de rotation est plus précisément un mouvement hélicoïdal d'axe 20 à pas constant et rayon constant.  In the first embodiment illustrated in FIG. 2, the duct 15 putting the exit of the catalyst 14 into communication with the duct 16 (it is for example the exit cone of the catalyst) opens into the side wall of the duct 16. The injector 22 is positioned at an upstream axial end 24 of the duct 16 in order to inject the fuel along a cone 26 whose axis coincides with the axis 20 of the expected rotation and the local axis of the duct 16. The duct 15 is rectilinear and inclined with respect to the duct 16 and its axis 28 is not intersecting with the axis 20, which makes it possible to introduce the gases coming from the catalyst 14 into the duct 16 by giving them the rotational movement around the axis 20 illustrated in Figure 2 and inject them downstream of the conduit 16. As seen, the gases are thus conveyed to the injection site in a direction tangential to the rotational movement. With this orientation, the gases mix well with the fuel injected there. The rotational movement is more precisely a helical motion of axis 20 with constant pitch and constant radius.

Une combustion spontanée 30 s'effectue peu après cette mise en rotation, en amont du filtre 18, pour obtenir la température permettant sa régénération.  Spontaneous combustion takes place shortly after this rotation, upstream of the filter 18, to obtain the temperature allowing its regeneration.

Dans le deuxième mode de réalisation illustré aux figures 3 à 5, le conduit 15 a une forme hélicoïdale. L'axe 30 de l'hélice est confondu en l'espèce avec l'axe 20 du conduit 16 et de l'injecteur 22. La section transversale du conduit 15 a une superficie qui va en se rétrécissant d'amont en aval de même que le rayon de l'hélice. Cette forme du conduit 15 accentue encore le mouvement de rotation conféré au gaz envoyé par le conduit 15 dans le conduit 16. On retrouve dans ce mode de réalisation le décalage local des axes 28 et 20 déjà présenté en référence à la figure 2.  In the second embodiment illustrated in Figures 3 to 5, the conduit 15 has a helical shape. The axis 30 of the helix is merged in this case with the axis 20 of the duct 16 and the injector 22. The cross section of the duct 15 has an area which is narrowing from upstream to downstream of the same than the radius of the propeller. This shape of the duct 15 further accentuates the rotational movement imparted to the gas sent through the duct 15 in the duct 16. In this embodiment, the local offset of the axes 28 and 20 already presented with reference to FIG. 2 is found.

Enfin dans le troisième mode de réalisation illustré aux figures 6 et 7, une section du conduit 16 présente un rétrécissement à l'extrémité aval duquel sont disposés un ou plusieurs déflecteurs ou ailettes 36. Ces déflecteurs sont ici au nombre de quatre. Ces déflecteurs ont pour fonction de donner au gaz franchissant ce rétrécissement un mouvement de rotation ici encore orienté suivant l'axe 20 du conduit 16, et impulsé en aval du lieu de l'injection effectuée par l'injecteur 22. Les ailettes ont en l'espèce une forme triangulaire approchant celle d'un triangle isocèle quoique non plane et présentent une inclinaison par rapport à l'axe 20 permettant de produire la rotation précitée.  Finally in the third embodiment illustrated in Figures 6 and 7, a section of the duct 16 has a narrowing at the downstream end which are arranged one or more deflectors or fins 36. These deflectors are here four in number. These deflectors have the function of giving the gas passing through this narrowing a rotational movement here again oriented along the axis 20 of the conduit 16, and impulsed downstream of the injection site carried out by the injector 22. The fins It is a triangular shape approaching that of an isosceles triangle although not flat and have an inclination relative to the axis 20 to produce the aforementioned rotation.

On fera en sorte de générer un mouvement de rotation relativement modéré pour éviter la projection de gouttes de carburant contre les parois des conduits, ce qui formerait un film liquide et irait à l'encontre de l'effet recherché en dégradant la combustion. De plus, une mise en rotation de l'écoulement trop intense accroîtrait les pertes de charge dans la ligne d'échappement.  It will be done to generate a relatively moderate rotational movement to prevent the projection of fuel drops against the walls of the ducts, which would form a liquid film and would defeat the desired effect by degrading the combustion. In addition, a rotation of the too intense flow would increase the pressure losses in the exhaust line.

La présente invention permet ainsi de générer un mouvement de rotation dans le conduit entre le point d'injection du carburant et l'entrée du filtre à particules, afin d'optimiser le mélange du carburant avec le comburant.  The present invention thus makes it possible to generate a rotational movement in the duct between the injection point of the fuel and the inlet of the particulate filter, in order to optimize the mixing of the fuel with the oxidant.

Bien entendu on pourra apporter à l'invention de nombreuses modifications sans sortir du cadre de celle-ci.  Of course we can bring to the invention many changes without departing from the scope thereof.

Claims (10)

REVENDICATIONS 1. Ligne d'échappement (2) de moteur de véhicule, comprenant: - un catalyseur d'oxydation (14) ; - un injecteur de carburant (22) en aval du catalyseur; et - un filtre à particules (18), caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend des moyens (15; 36) pour mettre en rotation un fluide de la ligne en aval de l'injecteur et en amont du filtre.  A vehicle engine exhaust line (2) comprising: - an oxidation catalyst (14); - a fuel injector (22) downstream of the catalyst; and a particle filter (18), characterized in that it comprises means (15; 36) for rotating a fluid of the line downstream of the injector and upstream of the filter. 2. Ligne d'échappement (2) selon la revendication précédente, caractérisée en ce que les moyens de mise en rotation (15; 36) sont agencés de sorte que la rotation s'effectue localement autour d'un axe (20) parallèle à l'axe local de la ligne d'échappement.  2. Exhaust line (2) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the rotating means (15; 36) are arranged so that the rotation is carried out locally around an axis (20) parallel to the local axis of the exhaust line. 3. Ligne d'échappement (2) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce qu'elle est agencée de sorte qu'une direction de l'injection est confondue localement avec un axe (20) de la rotation.  3. Exhaust line (2) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is arranged so that a direction of the injection is locally confused with an axis (20) of the rotation. 4. Ligne d'échappement (2) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce qu'elle est agencée de sorte que des gaz de la ligne sont acheminés au lieu de l'injection suivant une direction tangentielle au mouvement de rotation.  4. Exhaust line (2) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is arranged so that gases of the line are conveyed to the injection site in a direction tangential to the rotational movement. . 5. Ligne d'échappement (2) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend un conduit (15) de forme hélicoïdale s'étendant en amont de l'injecteur (22).  5. Exhaust line (2) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a conduit (15) of helical shape extending upstream of the injector (22). 6. Ligne d'échappement (2) selon la revendication précédente, caractérisée en ce que le conduit (15) a une section de superficie décroissante d'amont en aval.  6. Exhaust line (2) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the conduit (15) has a decreasing surface section from upstream to downstream. 7. Ligne d'échappement (2) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que les moyens de mise en rotation comprennent au moins un déflecteur (36) et de préférence plusieurs.  7. Exhaust line (2) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the rotating means comprise at least one deflector (36) and preferably several. 8. Moteur, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend une ligne d'échappement selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes.  8. Engine, characterized in that it comprises an exhaust line according to any one of the preceding claims. 9. Véhicule caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend un moteur selon la 10 revendication précédente.  9. Vehicle characterized in that it comprises an engine according to the preceding claim. 10. Procédé de commande d'une ligne d'échappement d'un moteur de véhicule, caractérisé en ce que: - on injecte du carburant en aval d'un catalyseur d'oxydation (14) ; et - on met en rotation un fluide de la ligne en aval d'un lieu de l'injection et en amont d'un filtre à particules (18).  10. A method of controlling an exhaust line of a vehicle engine, characterized in that: - fuel is injected downstream of an oxidation catalyst (14); and - a fluid is rotated from the line downstream of a place of injection and upstream of a particulate filter (18).
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WO2008145886A1 (en) * 2007-05-14 2008-12-04 Renault S.A.S. Coupling of a turbocharger with an oxidation catalyst of an exhaust line of an internal combustion engine
US8584450B2 (en) 2007-05-14 2013-11-19 Renault S.A.S. Coupling of a turbocharger with an oxidation catalyst of an exhaust line of an internal combustion engine
FR2916250A1 (en) * 2007-05-14 2008-11-21 Renault Sas CONNECTING A TURBOCHARGER WITH AN OXIDATION CATALYST OF AN EXHAUST LINE OF AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE
FR2920472A1 (en) * 2007-09-04 2009-03-06 Renault Sas Exhaust system for turbo-charged heat engine, has rectifier rectifying flow of clean exhaust gas in exhaust conduit before exhaust gas enters into oxidation catalyst, for breaking turbulent flow generated by rotation of turbine
FR2922593A3 (en) * 2007-10-22 2009-04-24 Renault Sas Exhaust line for e.g. oil engine, of motor vehicle, has injector distributing fuel jet that is oriented so that peripheral portion is intercepted by deflectors and evacuated via main duct, and central portion is evacuated via secondary duct
FR2924751A3 (en) * 2007-12-11 2009-06-12 Renault Sas Aerodynamic air/fuel mix homogenizing mixer for particle filter of vehicle, has two sets of blades formed with holes, where two sets of blades and blade are arranged in exhaust duct to generate turbulent flow of gas stream
EP2075428A3 (en) * 2007-12-25 2010-02-10 Mitsubishi Jidosha Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Emission control system
WO2009115751A2 (en) * 2008-03-12 2009-09-24 Faurecia Systemes D'echappement Exhaust line with reagent injector
WO2009115751A3 (en) * 2008-03-12 2009-11-12 Faurecia Systemes D'echappement Exhaust line with reagent injector
US8578706B2 (en) 2008-03-12 2013-11-12 Faurecia Systemes D'echappement Exhaust line with reagent injector
DE112009000551T5 (en) 2008-03-12 2011-01-27 Faurecia Systemes D'echappement Exhaust line with a reagent injection device
CN101999034B (en) * 2008-03-12 2014-05-07 富尔西亚排气***公司 Exhaust line with reagent injector
FR2928687A1 (en) * 2008-03-12 2009-09-18 Faurecia Sys Echappement EXHAUST LINE WITH REAGENT INJECTOR
EP2148053A3 (en) * 2008-07-25 2010-02-17 Volkswagen AG Catalyst assembly for cleaning an exhaust gas flow
FR2936012A1 (en) * 2008-09-16 2010-03-19 Renault Sas Monoblock and rigid coupling for coupling turbocompressor in e.g. diesel engine, has successive elbows defining intermediate sector between intermediate portions, where radii of curvature of elbows are contained in three distinct planes
US9925502B2 (en) 2008-12-17 2018-03-27 Donaldson Company, Inc. Flow device for an exhaust system
US9180407B2 (en) 2008-12-17 2015-11-10 Donaldson Company, Inc. Flow device for an exhaust system
WO2011030064A1 (en) 2009-09-10 2011-03-17 Faurecia Systemes D'echappement Automobile exhaust line with reagent injector
FR2949813A1 (en) * 2009-09-10 2011-03-11 Faurecia Sys Echappement EXHAUST LINE OF A MOTOR VEHICLE WITH A REAGENT INJECTOR
RU2455504C1 (en) * 2009-11-19 2012-07-10 Ман Трак Унд Бас Аг Device for treatment of exhaust gas of internal combustion engines
US9810126B2 (en) 2010-01-12 2017-11-07 Donaldson Company, Inc. Flow device for exhaust treatment system
WO2011110885A1 (en) * 2010-03-11 2011-09-15 Renault Trucks Mixing system for an exhaust gas after-treatment arrangement
EP3267005A1 (en) * 2010-06-22 2018-01-10 Donaldson Company, Inc. Exhaust aftertreatment device
US10294841B2 (en) 2010-06-22 2019-05-21 Donaldson Company, Inc. Dosing and mixing arrangement for use in exhaust aftertreatment
US11608764B2 (en) 2010-06-22 2023-03-21 Donaldson Company, Inc. Dosing and mixing arrangement for use in exhaust aftertreatment
US9670811B2 (en) 2010-06-22 2017-06-06 Donaldson Company, Inc. Dosing and mixing arrangement for use in exhaust aftertreatment
EP2585693B1 (en) * 2010-06-22 2017-06-14 Donaldson Company, Inc. Dosing and mixing arrangement for use in exhaust aftertreatment
US10968800B2 (en) 2010-06-22 2021-04-06 Donaldson Company, Inc. Dosing and mixing arrangement for use in exhaust aftertreatment
EP2625398A4 (en) * 2010-10-06 2017-08-02 Scania CV AB (publ) Arrangement for introducing a liquid medium into exhaust gases from a combustion engine
FR2966513A1 (en) * 2010-10-20 2012-04-27 Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa Device for introducing fluid i.e. urea solution, into exhaust line of combustion engine in motor vehicle, has gas flow deflection unit arranged in exhaust conduit part and generating swirling gas flow around central axis of injection cone
US9458750B2 (en) 2012-04-19 2016-10-04 Donaldson Company, Inc. Integrated exhaust treatment device having compact configuration
US8938954B2 (en) 2012-04-19 2015-01-27 Donaldson Company, Inc. Integrated exhaust treatment device having compact configuration
US9707525B2 (en) 2013-02-15 2017-07-18 Donaldson Company, Inc. Dosing and mixing arrangement for use in exhaust aftertreatment
US10245564B2 (en) 2013-02-15 2019-04-02 Donaldson Company, Inc. Dosing and mixing arrangement for use in exhaust aftertreatment
US10603642B2 (en) 2013-02-15 2020-03-31 Donaldson Company, Inc. Dosing and mixing arrangement for use in exhaust aftertreatment
US11110406B2 (en) 2013-02-15 2021-09-07 Donaldson Company, Inc. Dosing and mixing arrangement for use in exhaust aftertreatment
US9109486B2 (en) 2013-09-19 2015-08-18 Caterpillar Inc. System and method for reductant injection
US10184433B2 (en) 2015-06-29 2019-01-22 Eberspächer Exhaust Technology GmbH & Co. KG Exhaust gas mixer arrangement
DE102015110426A1 (en) * 2015-06-29 2016-12-29 Eberspächer Exhaust Technology GmbH & Co. KG Exhaust gas mixing system
US11965450B2 (en) 2022-04-29 2024-04-23 Cnh Industrial America Llc Exhaust treatment systems for work vehicles

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