FR2873192A1 - Liquefying a gas by heat exchange comprises cooling the heat exchanger with split streams of cycle gas in a closed circuit - Google Patents

Liquefying a gas by heat exchange comprises cooling the heat exchanger with split streams of cycle gas in a closed circuit Download PDF

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Publication number
FR2873192A1
FR2873192A1 FR0552428A FR0552428A FR2873192A1 FR 2873192 A1 FR2873192 A1 FR 2873192A1 FR 0552428 A FR0552428 A FR 0552428A FR 0552428 A FR0552428 A FR 0552428A FR 2873192 A1 FR2873192 A1 FR 2873192A1
Authority
FR
France
Prior art keywords
gas
heat exchanger
liquefying
cycle gas
turbine
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
FR0552428A
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Alain Briglia
Michael A Turney
Ralls Lee
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Air Liquide SA
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Original Assignee
Air Liquide SA
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Air Liquide SA, LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude filed Critical Air Liquide SA
Priority to FR0552428A priority Critical patent/FR2873192A1/en
Publication of FR2873192A1 publication Critical patent/FR2873192A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0203—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a single-component refrigerant [SCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle
    • F25J1/0204—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a single-component refrigerant [SCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle as a single flow SCR cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
    • F25J1/0012—Primary atmospheric gases, e.g. air
    • F25J1/0015—Nitrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
    • F25J1/0012—Primary atmospheric gases, e.g. air
    • F25J1/0017—Oxygen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
    • F25J1/0012—Primary atmospheric gases, e.g. air
    • F25J1/002—Argon
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
    • F25J1/0022—Hydrocarbons, e.g. natural gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
    • F25J1/0047—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle
    • F25J1/005—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle by expansion of a gaseous refrigerant stream with extraction of work
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0211—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a multi-component refrigerant [MCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle
    • F25J1/0212—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a multi-component refrigerant [MCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle as a single flow MCR cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0279—Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc.
    • F25J1/0285—Combination of different types of drivers mechanically coupled to the same refrigerant compressor, possibly split on multiple compressor casings
    • F25J1/0288—Combination of different types of drivers mechanically coupled to the same refrigerant compressor, possibly split on multiple compressor casings using work extraction by mechanical coupling of compression and expansion of the refrigerant, so-called companders
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2270/00—Refrigeration techniques used
    • F25J2270/14—External refrigeration with work-producing gas expansion loop
    • F25J2270/16—External refrigeration with work-producing gas expansion loop with mutliple gas expansion loops of the same refrigerant

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Emergency Medicine (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)

Abstract

Liquefying a gas comprises passing the gas through a heat exchanger, compressing a cycle gas, cooling the cycle gas in the heat exchanger, splitting the cycle gas into two streams, withdrawing the first stream from the heat exchanger at an intermediate temperature, expanding it to a pressure P1 in a turbine and heating it in the heat exchanger, and expanding the second stream to a pressure below P1 in a turbine, heating it in the heat exchanger, compressing it and mixing it with the first stream. Liquefying a gas comprises passing the gas (1) through a heat exchanger (5), compressing a cycle gas (7), cooling the cycle gas in the heat exchanger, splitting the cycle gas into first and second streams, withdrawing the first stream (19) from the heat exchanger at an intermediate temperature, expanding it to a pressure P1 in a first turbine (21) and heating it in the heat exchanger, and expanding the second stream (23) to a pressure below P1 in a second turbine (27), heating it in the heat exchanger, compressing it in a compressor (31) and mixing it with the first stream to reform the cycle gas.

Description

La présente invention est relative à un procédé de liquéfaction d'un gaz.The present invention relates to a method of liquefying a gas.

Le gaz peut être de l'azote, de l'argon, de l'oxygène, de l'argon, du gaz naturel ou tout autre gaz industriel se liquéfiant à une température cryogénique.  The gas may be nitrogen, argon, oxygen, argon, natural gas or any other industrial gas liquefying at a cryogenic temperature.

Selon la présente inventio n, il est prévu un procédé de liquéfaction d'un gaz dans lequel un gaz à liquéfier est envoyé à un échangeur de chaleur où il se liquéfie et un gaz de cycle est comprimé à une pression élevée, refroidi dans l'échangeur et divisé en une première partie et u ne deuxième partie, la première partie étant retirée de l'échangeur à une température intermédiaire de celui -ci, détendu à une première pression dans une première turbine et renvoyée à l'échangeur pour s'y réchauffer et la deuxième partie étant détendue da ns une deuxième turbine à une pression plus basse que la première pression, réchauffée dans l'échangeur, comprimé dans un compresseur et mélangé avec la première partie détendue et réchauffée pour former le gaz de cycle.  According to the present invention, there is provided a method of liquefying a gas in which a gas to be liquefied is sent to a heat exchanger where it liquefies and a cycle gas is compressed to a high pressure, cooled in the exchanger and divided into a first part and a second part, the first part being removed from the exchanger at an intermediate temperature thereof, expanded at a first pressure in a first turbine and returned to the exchanger for therein reheat and the second portion being expanded in a second turbine at a lower pressure than the first pressure, reheated in the exchanger, compressed in a compressor and mixed with the first expanded portion and reheated to form the cycle gas.

L'invention sera décrite en plus de détail en se référant à la Figure.  The invention will be described in more detail with reference to FIG.

Un gaz 1 est envoyé à un échangeur de chaleur 5 d'où il sort sous forme liquéfiée 3. Un cycle fermé de liquéfaction produit des frigories pour la liquéfaction.  A gas 1 is sent to a heat exchanger 5 from which it exits in liquefied form 3. A closed liquefaction cycle produces frigories for liquefaction.

Un gaz de cycle 7 est comprimé dans un compresseur 9 et ref roidi dans un refroidisseur 11 pour former un débit comprimé et refroidi 13. Ce débit 13 est comprimé dans un compresseur 15, refroidi dans un refroidisseur 17 et envoyé à l'échangeur de chaleur 5. A une température intermédiaire de celui -ci, il est divisé en deux. Une partie 19 est envoyée à une turbine 21 couplé au compresseur 15. Le débit détendu 25 produit par la turbine 21 est réchauffé en traversant l'échangeur 5 et est recyclé au compresseur 9. Le reste 23 du débit provenant du compresseur 15 est ref roidi à une température intermédiaire de l'échangeur 5 plus froide que la température d'entrée de la turbine 21. Le débit 23 est détendu dans une turbine 27 pour former un débit détendu 29 à pression plus basse que la pression de sortie de la turbine 21. Le débit détendu 29 est envoyé au bout froid de l'échangeur 5. Il se réchauffe en traversant entièrement l'échangeur 5 et est envoyé à un compresseur 31 qui le comprime à la pression de sortie de la turbine 21. Après refroidissement dans 33, le débit 35 r ejoint le débit 25 pour former le débit de gaz de cycle 7.  A cycle gas 7 is compressed in a compressor 9 and cooled in a cooler 11 to form a compressed and cooled flow 13. This flow 13 is compressed in a compressor 15, cooled in a cooler 17 and sent to the heat exchanger 5. At an intermediate temperature, it is divided in two. A part 19 is sent to a turbine 21 coupled to the compressor 15. The expanded flow 25 produced by the turbine 21 is heated through the exchanger 5 and is recycled to the compressor 9. The remainder 23 of the flow from the compressor 15 is cooled. at an intermediate temperature of the exchanger 5 colder than the inlet temperature of the turbine 21. The flow 23 is expanded in a turbine 27 to form a expanded flow 29 at a pressure lower than the outlet pressure of the turbine 21 The expanded flow rate 29 is sent to the cold end of the heat exchanger 5. It heats up completely through the exchanger 5 and is sent to a compressor 31 which compresses it to the outlet pressure of the turbine 21. After cooling in 33 the flow 35 r joins the flow 25 to form the flow of the cycle gas 7.

Le gaz de cycle peut être un gaz pur ou un mélange. Il doit pouvoir être détendu à une température plus froide que la température de liquéfaction du gaz à 5 liquéfier.  The cycle gas may be a pure gas or a mixture. It must be able to be expanded to a temperature colder than the liquefaction temperature of the gas to be liquefied.

Claims (1)

3 REVENDICATION3 CLAIM 1. Procédé de liquéfaction d'un gaz dans lequel un gaz à liquéfier (1) est envoyé à un échangeur de chaleur (5) où il se liquéfie et un gaz de cycle (7) est comprimé à une pression élevée, refroidi dans l'échangeur et divisé en une première partie (19) et une deuxième partie (23), la première partie étant retirée de l'échangeur à une température intermédiaire de celui -ci, détendue à une première pression dans une première turbine (21) et renvoyée à l'échangeur pour s'y réchauffer et la deuxième partie étant détendue dan s une deuxième turbine (27) à une pression plus basse que la première pression, réchauffée dans l'échangeur, comprimé dans un compresseur (31) et mélangé avec la première partie détendue et réchauffée pour former le gaz de cycle.  A method of liquefying a gas in which a gas to be liquefied (1) is sent to a heat exchanger (5) where it liquefies and a cycle gas (7) is compressed at a high pressure, cooled in the exchanger and divided into a first portion (19) and a second portion (23), the first portion being removed from the exchanger at an intermediate temperature thereof, expanded at a first pressure in a first turbine (21) and returned to the heat exchanger for heating therein and the second portion being expanded in a second turbine (27) at a pressure lower than the first pressure, reheated in the heat exchanger, compressed in a compressor (31) and mixed with the first part is relaxed and reheated to form the cycle gas.
FR0552428A 2005-08-04 2005-08-04 Liquefying a gas by heat exchange comprises cooling the heat exchanger with split streams of cycle gas in a closed circuit Withdrawn FR2873192A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0552428A FR2873192A1 (en) 2005-08-04 2005-08-04 Liquefying a gas by heat exchange comprises cooling the heat exchanger with split streams of cycle gas in a closed circuit

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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FR0552428A FR2873192A1 (en) 2005-08-04 2005-08-04 Liquefying a gas by heat exchange comprises cooling the heat exchanger with split streams of cycle gas in a closed circuit

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FR2873192A1 true FR2873192A1 (en) 2006-01-20

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2010058277A2 (en) * 2008-11-18 2010-05-27 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Liquefaction method and system
CN101338964B (en) * 2008-08-14 2010-06-02 苏州制氧机有限责任公司 Natural gas liquefaction device and liquefaction flow path
CN114234556A (en) * 2022-02-24 2022-03-25 杭州制氧机集团股份有限公司 Boosting and vaporizing device for recycling liquid oxygen cold and using method thereof

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101338964B (en) * 2008-08-14 2010-06-02 苏州制氧机有限责任公司 Natural gas liquefaction device and liquefaction flow path
WO2010058277A2 (en) * 2008-11-18 2010-05-27 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Liquefaction method and system
WO2010058277A3 (en) * 2008-11-18 2011-10-13 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Liquefaction method and system
CN102334001A (en) * 2008-11-18 2012-01-25 气体产品与化学公司 Liquefaction method and system
US8464551B2 (en) 2008-11-18 2013-06-18 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Liquefaction method and system
US8656733B2 (en) 2008-11-18 2014-02-25 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Liquefaction method and system
CN114234556A (en) * 2022-02-24 2022-03-25 杭州制氧机集团股份有限公司 Boosting and vaporizing device for recycling liquid oxygen cold and using method thereof

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Effective date: 20070430