FR2857698A1 - Diesel engine with direct fuel injection has angle between conical combustion chamber surface and cylinder head thrust face made for higher power and less pollution - Google Patents

Diesel engine with direct fuel injection has angle between conical combustion chamber surface and cylinder head thrust face made for higher power and less pollution Download PDF

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Publication number
FR2857698A1
FR2857698A1 FR0308779A FR0308779A FR2857698A1 FR 2857698 A1 FR2857698 A1 FR 2857698A1 FR 0308779 A FR0308779 A FR 0308779A FR 0308779 A FR0308779 A FR 0308779A FR 2857698 A1 FR2857698 A1 FR 2857698A1
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Prior art keywords
combustion chamber
diesel engine
cylinder head
orifices
angle
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Granted
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FR0308779A
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French (fr)
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FR2857698B1 (en
Inventor
Jean Paul Hardy
Nathalie Hilaire
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Renault SAS
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Renault SAS
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B23/00—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation
    • F02B23/02—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition
    • F02B23/06—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston
    • F02B23/0696—W-piston bowl, i.e. the combustion space having a central projection pointing towards the cylinder head and the surrounding wall being inclined towards the cylinder wall
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B23/00—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation
    • F02B23/02—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition
    • F02B23/06—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston
    • F02B23/0645—Details related to the fuel injector or the fuel spray
    • F02B23/0669—Details related to the fuel injector or the fuel spray having multiple fuel spray jets per injector nozzle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B2275/00—Other engines, components or details, not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F02B2275/14—Direct injection into combustion chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B23/00—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation
    • F02B23/02—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition
    • F02B23/06—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston
    • F02B23/0645—Details related to the fuel injector or the fuel spray
    • F02B23/0654—Thermal treatments, e.g. with heating elements or local cooling
    • F02B23/0657—Thermal treatments, e.g. with heating elements or local cooling the spray interacting with one or more glow plugs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
    • F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion Methods Of Internal-Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Abstract

The engine consists of a cylinder head (1) with an axial injector (2) having a series of radial orifices (2a) in its end adjacent to the combustion chamber, which has a conical upper surface (5) centred on the axis (X - X) of the combustion chamber and at least four valves. The angle (alpha) formed between the upper conical surface of the combustion chamber and the thrust face (8) of the cylinder block is between 5 and 25 degrees, and the combustion chamber air inlet ducts are designed to produce an air current perpendicular to the combustion chamber's axis, moving at a speed between 3.5 and 5.5 times the engine's speed of rotation. The injector can have two rows of orifices, with an upper row of smaller diameter orifices directed towards the top of the combustion chamber.

Description

ii

La présente invention concerne un moteur diesel à injection directe.  The present invention relates to a direct injection diesel engine.

Le besoin actuel est de réaliser des moteurs diesel assurant le meilleur compromis possible entre l'obtention d'une puissance élevée, une pollution et un bruit de fonctionnement les plus faibles possibles pour des moteurs diesel à injection directe.  The current need is for diesel engines to provide the best possible compromise between obtaining the highest power, pollution and operating noise possible for direct injection diesel engines.

On connaît par exemple selon le brevet US 6 336 438 un moteur diesel à injection directe, comportant une culasse dans laquelle est monté axialement un injecteur dont l'extrémité adjacente à la chambre de combustion comporte plusieurs orifices débouchant radialement dans la chambre de combustion.  For example, according to US Pat. No. 6,336,438, a direct injection diesel engine has a cylinder head in which an injector is mounted axially, the end of which, adjacent to the combustion chamber, has a plurality of orifices opening radially into the combustion chamber.

La face supérieure de cette chambre de combustion a la forme d'un cône dont le sommet est centré sur l'axe de la chambre de combustion. La culasse comporte quatre soupapes. La forme conique de la chambre de combustion permet de monter dans la culasse au moins quatre soupapes, ce qui favorise l'obtention d'une puissance spécifique élevée.  The upper face of this combustion chamber has the shape of a cone whose apex is centered on the axis of the combustion chamber. The cylinder head has four valves. The conical shape of the combustion chamber allows to mount in the cylinder head at least four valves, which promotes obtaining a high specific power.

Dans le brevet ci-dessus aucune disposition particulière n'est prise pour créer dans la chambre de combustion un mouvement d'air capable de réduire le bruit de fonctionnement du moteur et l'émission polluante de fumées.  In the above patent no particular provision is made to create in the combustion chamber an air movement capable of reducing the operating noise of the engine and the polluting emission of fumes.

Des solutions antérieures connues font appel à la multi-injection.  Previous known solutions use multi-injection.

Ces solutions conduisent: - soit à une réduction du bruit, mais à une augmentation de l'émission des fumées lorsqu'on procède à une injection pilote, - soit à une augmention du bruit et une diminution de l'émission des fumées, lorsqu'on ne procède pas à une injection pilote.  These solutions lead to: - either a noise reduction, but an increase in the emission of fumes when a pilot injection is made, - an increase in noise and a reduction in the emission of fumes, when we do not do a pilot injection.

L'émission de fumées s'explique de la façon suivante. L'injection pilote de carburant rencontre dans la chambre de combustion les gaz brûlés résiduels résultant de l'injection pilote, ce qui conduit à une production de suies (fumées) importante.  The emission of fumes can be explained as follows. The pilot fuel injection encounters in the combustion chamber the residual burnt gases resulting from the pilot injection, which leads to a large production of soot (fumes).

Le but de la présente invention est de remédier à cet inconvénient, tout 30 en permettant d'obtenir une puissance spécifique élevée.  The object of the present invention is to overcome this disadvantage, while making it possible to obtain a high specific power.

Suivant l'invention, le moteur diesel à injection directe du type décrit ci-dessus est caractérisé en ce que: A. I'angle formé entre la face supérieure conique de la chambre de combustion et la face d'appui de la culasse sur le bloc cylindrique est compris entre 5 et 25 et en ce que: B. les conduits d'admission d'air dans la chambre de combustion sont adaptés pour créer dans celle-ci un courant d'air perpendiculaire à l'axe de cette chambre de combustion.  According to the invention, the direct injection diesel engine of the type described above is characterized in that: A. the angle formed between the conical upper face of the combustion chamber and the bearing surface of the cylinder head on the cylindrical block is between 5 and 25 and in that: B. the air intake ducts in the combustion chamber are adapted to create therein a stream of air perpendicular to the axis of this chamber. combustion.

La caractéristique A permet d'utiliser au moins quatre soupapes ayant des têtes de grand diamètre coopérant avec des conduits d'admission et d'échappement de diamètre correspondant, ce qui permet d'obtenir un moteur ayant une importante puissance spécifique.  The characteristic A makes it possible to use at least four valves having heads of large diameter cooperating with intake and exhaust ducts of corresponding diameter, which makes it possible to obtain a motor having a high specific power.

La caractéristique B permet de réduire le bruit de fonctionnement et 15 surtout de réduire l'émission des fumées, ce qui sera expliqué plus en détail plus loin.  The characteristic B reduces the operating noise and especially reduces the emission of fumes, which will be explained in more detail later.

Les essais ont montré que les meilleurs résultats étaient obtenus lorsque la vitesse dudit courant d'air est comprise entre 3,5 et 5,5 fois la vitesse de rotation du moteur.  Tests have shown that the best results are obtained when the speed of said air stream is between 3.5 and 5.5 times the rotational speed of the engine.

D'autres particularités et avantages de l'invention apparaîtront encore  Other features and advantages of the invention will become apparent

dans la description ci-après.in the description below.

Aux dessins annexés, donnés à titre d'exemples, non limitatifs: - la figure 1 est une vue schématique en coupe transversale de la chambre de combustion d'un moteur diesel selon l'invention, - la figure 2 est une vue de dessous de la chambre de combustion selon la figure 1, - la figure 3 est une vue schématique de dessus d'un secteur angulaire de la chambre de combustion, illustrant le fonctionnement en l'absence du mouvement d'air, - la figure 4 est une vue analogue à la figure 3, illustrant le fonctionnement en présence du courant d'air, - la figure 5 est une demi-coupe transversale illustrant le profil du jet de carburant avec l'injecteur de la figure 1, - la figure 6 est une vue schématique en coupe d'un injecteur selon une variante de réalisation, et - la figure 7 est une demi-coupe analogue à la figure 5 illustrant les deux jets de carburant générés par l'injecteur de la figure 6.  In the accompanying drawings, given by way of nonlimiting example: FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic cross-sectional view of the combustion chamber of a diesel engine according to the invention, FIG. 2 is a view from below of the combustion chamber according to FIG. 1; FIG. 3 is a schematic view from above of an angular sector of the combustion chamber, illustrating the operation in the absence of the movement of air, FIG. 3, illustrating the operation in the presence of the air stream, FIG. 5 is a transverse half-section illustrating the profile of the fuel jet with the injector of FIG. 1; FIG. schematic cross section of an injector according to an alternative embodiment, and - Figure 7 is a half section similar to Figure 5 illustrating the two fuel jets generated by the injector of Figure 6.

Le moteur diesel à injection directe selon l'invention comporte comme représenté sur les figures 1 et 2, une culasse 1 dans laquelle est monté 10 axialement un injecteur 2 dont l'extrémité adjacente à la chambre de combustion 3 comporte plusieurs orifices 2a débouchant radialement dans la chambre de combustion 3. La culasse 1 porte d'autre part une bougie de préchauffage 4. La face supérieure 5 de cette chambre de combustion 3 a la forme d'un cône dont le sommet est centré sur l'axe X - X' de cette chambre 15 de combustion 3. Sa face inférieure est formée par la paroi supérieure 12 en forme de bol d'un piston 12.  The direct injection diesel engine according to the invention comprises, as represented in FIGS. 1 and 2, a cylinder head 1 in which is axially mounted an injector 2 whose end adjacent to the combustion chamber 3 has a plurality of orifices 2a radially opening into the combustion chamber 3. The cylinder head 1 carries on the other hand a glow plug 4. The upper face 5 of this combustion chamber 3 has the shape of a cone whose apex is centered on the axis X - X ' of this combustion chamber 3. Its lower face is formed by the upper wall 12 in the shape of a bowl of a piston 12.

La figure 2 montre que la culasse 1 comporte quatre soupapes, dont deux d'admission 6 et deux d'échappement 7.  FIG. 2 shows that the cylinder head 1 has four valves, of which two intake 6 and two exhaust 7.

Conformément à l'invention (voir figure 1) I'angle a formé entre la face 20 supérieure 5 conique de la chambre de combustion 3 et la face d'appui 8 de la culasse 1 sur le bloc cylindre 9 et compris entre 5 et 25 . Par ailleurs, les conduits d'admission d'air dans la chambre de combustion 3 sont adaptés pour créer dans celle-ci un courant d'air (voir flèche F, figure 1) perpendiculaire à l'axe X - X' de cette chambre de combustion 3. Ce courant 25 d'air F est communément appelé swirl par les spécialistes.  According to the invention (see FIG. 1) the angle formed between the conical upper face 5 of the combustion chamber 3 and the bearing face 8 of the cylinder head 1 on the cylinder block 9 and between 5 and 25 . Furthermore, the air intake ducts in the combustion chamber 3 are adapted to create therein a stream of air (see arrow F, Figure 1) perpendicular to the axis X - X 'of this chamber This air stream F is commonly referred to as a swirl by the skilled person.

La vitesse de ce mouvement d'air F est de préférence comprise entre 3,5 et 5,5 fois la vitesse de rotation du moteur.  The speed of this air movement F is preferably between 3.5 and 5.5 times the rotational speed of the engine.

La forme conique de la face supérieure de la chambre de combustion permet de monter dans la culasse 1, quatre soupapes ou plus coopérant avec 30 des conduits d'admission et d'échappement ayant la section la plus importante possible, ce qui permet d'obtenir un moteur ayant une grande puissance spécifique.  The conical shape of the upper face of the combustion chamber makes it possible to mount in the cylinder head 1, four or more valves cooperating with inlet and exhaust ducts having the largest possible section, which makes it possible to obtain a motor having a high specific power.

On va maintenant expliquer en référence aux figures 3 et 4, l'effet procuré par le courant d'air F swirl .  We will now explain with reference to Figures 3 and 4, the effect provided by the air stream F swirl.

En l'absence de mouvement d'air (voir figure 3) I'injection principale de carburant rencontre une zone 10 dans laquelle l'oxygène a été consommé par lI'injection pilote de carburant qui a été effectuée avant l'injection principale.  In the absence of air movement (see FIG. 3), the main fuel injection encounters a zone 10 in which the oxygen has been consumed by the pilot fuel injection which has been carried out prior to the main injection.

Cette zone 10 contient ainsi les gaz brûlés résiduels engendrés par l'injection pilote, ce qui produit des suies (ou fumées).  This zone 10 thus contains the residual burnt gases generated by the pilot injection, which produces soot (or smoke).

En présence de courant d'air F (ou swirl ), comme montré par la figure 4, la zone 10 constituée de gaz brûlés par l'injection pilote de carburant 10 est chassée angulairement par le courant d'air. De ce fait, I'injection principale de carburant rencontre dans son trajet, une zone comprise entre deux zones successives d'oxygène consommé par l'injection pilote, constituée d'oxygène disponible pour la combustion du carburant injecté par l'injection principale. Il en résulte ainsi une réduction importante d'émission de fumées.  In the presence of air flow F (or swirl), as shown in FIG. 4, the zone 10 consisting of gases burned by the pilot fuel injection 10 is driven angularly by the air stream. Therefore, the main fuel injection encounters in its path, an area between two successive zones of oxygen consumed by the pilot injection, consisting of available oxygen for the combustion of fuel injected by the main injection. This results in a significant reduction in smoke emission.

Dans l'exemple de réalisation de la figure 1, I'injecteur 2 comporte une rangée d'orifices 2a agencés pour injecter le combustible dans la chambre de combustion selon le profil représenté à la figure 5.  In the embodiment of FIG. 1, the injector 2 comprises a row of orifices 2a arranged for injecting the fuel into the combustion chamber according to the profile shown in FIG. 5.

En variante, comme représenté à la figure 6, I'injecteur 2 comporte de préférence deux rangées d'orifice débouchant radialement dans la chambre de 20 combustion 3, à savoir: - une première rangée inférieure d'orifices classiques 2a, orientés pour diriger le jet de combustible vers le fond du bol comme représenté à la figure - une deuxième rangée supérieure d'orifices 2b, de diamètre plus petit 25 que les orifices 2a pour assurer une meilleure évaporation du carburant, orientés sensiblement perpendiculairement à l'axe X-X' de la chambre.  Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 6, the injector 2 preferably comprises two rows of openings opening radially into the combustion chamber 3, namely: a first lower row of conventional orifices 2a, oriented to direct the fuel jet to the bottom of the bowl as shown in the figure - a second upper row of orbits 2b, of smaller diameter 25 than the orifices 2a to ensure better evaporation of fuel, oriented substantially perpendicular to the axis XX 'of bedroom.

Cette deuxième rangée d'orifices 2b permet d'injecter une faible quantité de carburant dans l'oxygène situé à la partie supérieure de la chambre de combustion en toit 3.  This second row of orifices 2b makes it possible to inject a small quantity of fuel into the oxygen located at the upper part of the roof combustion chamber 3.

La présente invention permet ainsi à la fois d'obtenir un moteur diesel à injection directe: - ayant une puissance spécifique élevée, grâce à la forme de la face supérieure de la chambre de combustion qui permet de loger au moins quatre soupapes par cylindre, - avec un niveau de bruit réduit, grâce à l'injection pilote, - avec une émission réduite de fumées grâce au courant d'air F.  The present invention thus makes it possible at the same time to obtain a direct injection diesel engine: having a high specific power, thanks to the shape of the upper face of the combustion chamber which makes it possible to house at least four valves per cylinder; with a reduced noise level, thanks to the pilot injection, - with a reduced emission of fumes thanks to the air flow F.

Claims (4)

REVENDICATIONS 1) Moteur diesel à injection directe, comportant une culasse (1) dans laquelle est monté axialement un injecteur (2) dont l'extrémité adjacente à la chambre de combustion (3) comporte plusieurs orifices (2a) débouchant radialement dans la chambre de combustion (3), la face 5 supérieure (5) de cette dernière ayant la forme d'un cône dont le sommet est centré sur l'axe (X - X') de ladite chambre de combustion (3), la culasse (1) comportant au moins quatre soupapes (6, 7) caractérisé en ce que l'angle (a) formé entre la face supérieure conique de la chambre de combustion (3) et la face d'appui (8) de la culasse (1) sur le bloc cylindre 10 (9) est compris entre 5 et 25 et en ce que les conduits d'admission d'air dans la chambre de combustion (3) sont adaptés pour créer dans celle-ci un courant d'air (F) perpendiculaire à l'axe (X - X') de cette chambre de combustion (3).  1) Direct injection diesel engine, comprising a cylinder head (1) in which is mounted axially an injector (2) whose end adjacent to the combustion chamber (3) has a plurality of orifices (2a) opening radially into the combustion chamber (3), the upper face (5) thereof having the shape of a cone whose apex is centered on the axis (X - X ') of said combustion chamber (3), the yoke (1) having at least four valves (6, 7) characterized in that the angle (a) formed between the conical upper face of the combustion chamber (3) and the bearing face (8) of the cylinder head (1) on the cylinder block (9) is between 5 and 25 and in that the air intake ducts in the combustion chamber (3) are adapted to create a perpendicular air flow (F) therein to the axis (X - X ') of this combustion chamber (3). 2) Moteur diesel selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la vitesse dudit courant d'air (F) est comprise entre 3,5 et 5,5 fois la vitesse de rotation du moteur.  2) diesel engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the speed of said air stream (F) is between 3.5 and 5.5 times the rotational speed of the engine. 3) Moteur diesel selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 et 2, 20 caractérisé en ce que ledit injecteur (2) comporte au moins deux rangées d'orifice (2a, 2b).  3) diesel engine according to any one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that said injector (2) comprises at least two rows of orifice (2a, 2b). 4) Moteur diesel selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend une première rangée d'orifices principaux (2a) et une seconde 25 rangée d'orifices auxiliaires (2b) de plus petit diamètre orientés vers le haut de ladite chambre de combustion (3).  4) diesel engine according to claim 3, characterized in that it comprises a first row of main orifices (2a) and a second row of auxiliary orifices (2b) of smaller diameter facing upwards of said chamber of combustion (3).
FR0308779A 2003-07-18 2003-07-18 DIESEL ENGINE WITH DIRECT INJECTION HAVING HIGH SPECIFIC POWER AND REDUCED SMOKE EMISSION Expired - Lifetime FR2857698B1 (en)

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Cited By (3)

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FR2888284A3 (en) * 2005-07-08 2007-01-12 Renault Sas Internal combustion engine for motor vehicle, has injector with nozzle, whose free end comprises secondary orifice for supplying fuel to primary orifices, where axis of secondary orifice is oriented towards end of preheater plug
FR2914358A3 (en) * 2007-03-28 2008-10-03 Renault Sas Sonic throat combustion chamber for e.g. direct injection oil engine, has heater plug placed in cylinder head and comprising heat end placed in collar, where collar separates convergent and divergent zones of Venturi shape of chamber
US20180058371A1 (en) * 2016-09-01 2018-03-01 Caterpillar Inc. Piston balancing heat dissipation and combustion properties in internal combustion engine

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GB1214595A (en) * 1968-04-24 1970-12-02 Sulzer Ag An internal combustion engine injection valve nozzle
EP0471624A2 (en) * 1990-08-16 1992-02-19 Nissan Motor Company Limited Direct injection diesel engine
EP0565515A1 (en) * 1992-04-09 1993-10-13 AVL Gesellschaft für Verbrennungskraftmaschinen und Messtechnik mbH.Prof.Dr.Dr.h.c. Hans List Diesel engine with combustion chamber in the piston
US5285755A (en) * 1993-03-08 1994-02-15 Chrysler Corporation Open chamber diesel engine having a piston with recesses therein
EP0584564A1 (en) * 1992-08-27 1994-03-02 MAN Nutzfahrzeuge Aktiengesellschaft Diesel internal combustion engine
US5738050A (en) * 1993-12-08 1998-04-14 Koenig; Kurt Controlled two-stroke internal combustion engine
FR2834002A1 (en) * 2001-12-20 2003-06-27 Renault Internal combustion engine with compression ignition has combustion chamber defined on one side by top of piston and on other by lower wall of cylinder head having recess with fuel injection nozzle and spark plug opening into same
FR2834001A1 (en) * 2001-12-20 2003-06-27 Renault I.c. engine cylinder piston has piston face cavity on exhaust valve side and boss facing inlet side

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1214595A (en) * 1968-04-24 1970-12-02 Sulzer Ag An internal combustion engine injection valve nozzle
EP0471624A2 (en) * 1990-08-16 1992-02-19 Nissan Motor Company Limited Direct injection diesel engine
EP0565515A1 (en) * 1992-04-09 1993-10-13 AVL Gesellschaft für Verbrennungskraftmaschinen und Messtechnik mbH.Prof.Dr.Dr.h.c. Hans List Diesel engine with combustion chamber in the piston
EP0584564A1 (en) * 1992-08-27 1994-03-02 MAN Nutzfahrzeuge Aktiengesellschaft Diesel internal combustion engine
US5285755A (en) * 1993-03-08 1994-02-15 Chrysler Corporation Open chamber diesel engine having a piston with recesses therein
US5738050A (en) * 1993-12-08 1998-04-14 Koenig; Kurt Controlled two-stroke internal combustion engine
FR2834002A1 (en) * 2001-12-20 2003-06-27 Renault Internal combustion engine with compression ignition has combustion chamber defined on one side by top of piston and on other by lower wall of cylinder head having recess with fuel injection nozzle and spark plug opening into same
FR2834001A1 (en) * 2001-12-20 2003-06-27 Renault I.c. engine cylinder piston has piston face cavity on exhaust valve side and boss facing inlet side

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2888284A3 (en) * 2005-07-08 2007-01-12 Renault Sas Internal combustion engine for motor vehicle, has injector with nozzle, whose free end comprises secondary orifice for supplying fuel to primary orifices, where axis of secondary orifice is oriented towards end of preheater plug
FR2914358A3 (en) * 2007-03-28 2008-10-03 Renault Sas Sonic throat combustion chamber for e.g. direct injection oil engine, has heater plug placed in cylinder head and comprising heat end placed in collar, where collar separates convergent and divergent zones of Venturi shape of chamber
US20180058371A1 (en) * 2016-09-01 2018-03-01 Caterpillar Inc. Piston balancing heat dissipation and combustion properties in internal combustion engine
US10294888B2 (en) * 2016-09-01 2019-05-21 Caterpillar Inc. Piston balancing heat dissipation and combustion properties in internal combustion engine

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