FR2765886A1 - GREASE FOR JOINT HOMOCINETIC - Google Patents
GREASE FOR JOINT HOMOCINETIC Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- FR2765886A1 FR2765886A1 FR9808663A FR9808663A FR2765886A1 FR 2765886 A1 FR2765886 A1 FR 2765886A1 FR 9808663 A FR9808663 A FR 9808663A FR 9808663 A FR9808663 A FR 9808663A FR 2765886 A1 FR2765886 A1 FR 2765886A1
- Authority
- FR
- France
- Prior art keywords
- sep
- grease
- weight
- constituents
- copper
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
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- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- XYRMLECORMNZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-B [Mo+4].[Mo+4].[Mo+4].[O-]P([O-])([S-])=S.[O-]P([O-])([S-])=S.[O-]P([O-])([S-])=S.[O-]P([O-])([S-])=S Chemical compound [Mo+4].[Mo+4].[Mo+4].[O-]P([O-])([S-])=S.[O-]P([O-])([S-])=S.[O-]P([O-])([S-])=S.[O-]P([O-])([S-])=S XYRMLECORMNZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-B 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002199 base oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- KHYKFSXXGRUKRE-UHFFFAOYSA-J molybdenum(4+) tetracarbamodithioate Chemical compound C(N)([S-])=S.[Mo+4].C(N)([S-])=S.C(N)([S-])=S.C(N)([S-])=S KHYKFSXXGRUKRE-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- WMYJOZQKDZZHAC-UHFFFAOYSA-H trizinc;dioxido-sulfanylidene-sulfido-$l^{5}-phosphane Chemical compound [Zn+2].[Zn+2].[Zn+2].[O-]P([O-])([S-])=S.[O-]P([O-])([S-])=S WMYJOZQKDZZHAC-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 26
- QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper oxide Chemical compound [Cu]=O QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000005751 Copper oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910000431 copper oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000006708 antioxidants Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007866 anti-wear additive Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005069 Extreme pressure additive Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- DMBHHRLKUKUOEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenylamine Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1NC1=CC=CC=C1 DMBHHRLKUKUOEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- XQVWYOYUZDUNRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Phenyl-1-naphthylamine Chemical group C=1C=CC2=CC=CC=C2C=1NC1=CC=CC=C1 XQVWYOYUZDUNRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004982 aromatic amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims 1
- BERDEBHAJNAUOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(i) oxide Chemical compound [Cu]O[Cu] BERDEBHAJNAUOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 31
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 34
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 description 30
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 19
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 14
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229940120693 copper naphthenate Drugs 0.000 description 5
- SEVNKWFHTNVOLD-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper;3-(4-ethylcyclohexyl)propanoate;3-(3-ethylcyclopentyl)propanoate Chemical compound [Cu+2].CCC1CCC(CCC([O-])=O)C1.CCC1CCC(CCC([O-])=O)CC1 SEVNKWFHTNVOLD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 5
- DKVNPHBNOWQYFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbamodithioic acid Chemical compound NC(S)=S DKVNPHBNOWQYFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KRFJLUBVMFXRPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N cuprous oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Cu+].[Cu+] KRFJLUBVMFXRPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000012990 dithiocarbamate Substances 0.000 description 3
- -1 polyethylenes Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- ULQISTXYYBZJSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 12-hydroxyoctadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCC(O)CCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O ULQISTXYYBZJSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229940112669 cuprous oxide Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010690 paraffinic oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940114072 12-hydroxystearic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Borate Chemical compound [O-]B([O-])[O-] BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000012661 Dyskinesia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002367 Polyisobutene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000008186 active pharmaceutical agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008139 complexing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000013068 control sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001991 dicarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ALKZAGKDWUSJED-UHFFFAOYSA-N dinuclear copper ion Chemical compound [Cu].[Cu] ALKZAGKDWUSJED-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010696 ester oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005562 fading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- FPLIHVCWSXLMPX-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium 12-hydroxystearate Chemical compound [Li+].CCCCCCC(O)CCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O FPLIHVCWSXLMPX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000004668 long chain fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004702 methyl esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000005487 naphthalate group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000008054 sulfonate salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- WUUHFRRPHJEEKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N tripotassium borate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]B([O-])[O-] WUUHFRRPHJEEKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003672 ureas Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003981 vehicle Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
- C10M169/06—Mixtures of thickeners and additives
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C10M115/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the thickener being a non-macromolecular organic compound other than a carboxylic acid or salt thereof
- C10M115/08—Lubricating compositions characterised by the thickener being a non-macromolecular organic compound other than a carboxylic acid or salt thereof containing nitrogen
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- C10M117/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the thickener being a non-macromolecular carboxylic acid or salt thereof
- C10M117/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the thickener being a non-macromolecular carboxylic acid or salt thereof having only one carboxyl group bound to an acyclic carbon atom, cycloaliphatic carbon atom or hydrogen
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- C10M117/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the thickener being a non-macromolecular carboxylic acid or salt thereof
- C10M117/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the thickener being a non-macromolecular carboxylic acid or salt thereof having only one carboxyl group bound to an acyclic carbon atom, cycloaliphatic carbon atom or hydrogen
- C10M117/04—Lubricating compositions characterised by the thickener being a non-macromolecular carboxylic acid or salt thereof having only one carboxyl group bound to an acyclic carbon atom, cycloaliphatic carbon atom or hydrogen containing hydroxy groups
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- C10M119/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the thickener being a macromolecular compound
- C10M119/02—Hydrocarbon polymers; Hydrocarbon polymers modified by oxidation
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- C10M119/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the thickener being a macromolecular compound
- C10M119/22—Lubricating compositions characterised by the thickener being a macromolecular compound containing halogen
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M125/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an inorganic material
- C10M125/10—Metal oxides, hydroxides, carbonates or bicarbonates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C10M135/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium
- C10M135/12—Thio-acids; Thiocyanates; Derivatives thereof
- C10M135/14—Thio-acids; Thiocyanates; Derivatives thereof having a carbon-to-sulfur double bond
- C10M135/18—Thio-acids; Thiocyanates; Derivatives thereof having a carbon-to-sulfur double bond thiocarbamic type, e.g. containing the groups
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- C10M137/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing phosphorus
- C10M137/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing phosphorus having no phosphorus-to-carbon bond
- C10M137/04—Phosphate esters
- C10M137/10—Thio derivatives
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- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/06—Metal compounds
- C10M2201/062—Oxides; Hydroxides; Carbonates or bicarbonates
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- C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2205/006—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions used as thickening agents
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- C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
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- C10M2205/0213—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers used as thickening agents
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- C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2205/02—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers
- C10M2205/022—Ethene
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- C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2205/02—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers
- C10M2205/026—Butene
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2205/04—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing aromatic monomers, e.g. styrene
- C10M2205/046—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing aromatic monomers, e.g. styrene used as thickening agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2205/06—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing conjugated dienes
- C10M2205/066—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing conjugated dienes used as thickening agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2205/08—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing non-conjugated dienes
- C10M2205/086—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing non-conjugated dienes used as thickening agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
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- C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
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- C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
- C10N2010/06—Groups 3 or 13
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
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Abstract
Description
Cette invention se rapporte à une graisse de lubrification qui est prévue principalement pour une utilisation dans des joints homocinétiques qui sont utilisés dans les lignes de transmission de véhicules à moteur. This invention relates to a lubricating grease which is intended primarily for use in constant velocity joints which are used in the transmission lines of motor vehicles.
Les mouvements des composants à l'intérieur des joints homocinétiques sont complexes avec une combinaison de roulement, de glissement et de rotation. Lorsque les joints sont sous couple, les composants sont chargés ensemble, ce qui peut non seulement provoquer une usure sur les surfaces de contact des composants, mais également des forces de friction significatives entre les surfaces. The movements of the components inside the constant velocity joints are complex with a combination of rolling, sliding and rotation. When the joints are under torque, the components are loaded together, which can not only cause wear on the contact surfaces of the components, but also significant frictional forces between the surfaces.
L'usure peut avoir pour résultat une défaillance des joints et les forces de friction peuvent entraîner du bruit, des vibrations et des à-coups (NVH) dans la ligne de transmission. D'une manière idéale, les graisses utilisées dans les joints homocinétiques doivent non seulement réduire l'usure, mais doivent également avoir un faible coefficient de friction afin de réduire les forces de friction et réduire ou empêcher le bruit, les vibrations et les à-coups.Wear can result in joint failure and frictional forces can cause noise, vibration and jerkiness (NVH) in the transmission line. Ideally, greases used in constant velocity joints must not only reduce wear, but must also have a low coefficient of friction to reduce frictional forces and reduce or prevent noise, vibration and vibration. shots.
Différents additifs sont connus et aident à réduire l'usure et/ou la friction. Les graisses qui ont à la fois des caractéristiques de faible friction et de faible usure sont disponibles, mais la graisse est généralement formulée avec une grande quantité d'additif d'un coût élevé; il en résulte une graisse d'un cout élevé. Various additives are known and help to reduce wear and / or friction. Greases that have both low friction and low wear characteristics are available, but the grease is generally formulated with a large amount of high cost additive; The result is a high cost fat.
Le but de la présente invention est de procurer une composition de graisse principalement pour des joints homocinétiques qui présentent à la fois des caractéristiques de faible usure et de faible friction et qui est économique à fabriquer. The object of the present invention is to provide a grease composition primarily for homokinetic joints which have both low wear and low friction characteristics and which is economical to manufacture.
En termes généraux, une graisse de lubrification selon l'invention est obtenue en mélangeant ensemble les constituants suivants
a une huile de base comportant une ou plusieurs
huiles synthétiques ou minérales ou des
mélanges de celles-ci,
b un épaississant,
c 0,5 à 5% en poids du poids total des
constituants d'un dithiophosphate de molybdène
de la formule générale suivante,
où X ou Y représente S ou O et chacun des R1 à R4
inclus peuvent être les mêmes ou bien
différents et représentent chacun un groupe
alkyle principal (chaîne droite) ou secondaire
(chaîne ramifiée) ayant entre 3 et 20 atomes de
carbone, d entre 0,5 et 5% en poids du poids total des
constituants d'oxyde (I) de cuivre (oxyde
cuivreux) en poudre ayant une taille de
particule inférieure à 200 ssm et, si cela est
souhaité, e certains ou la totalité des additifs de graisse
normaux tels que les additifs anti-usure, les
anti-oxydants, les additifs de modification de
friction, les inhibiteurs de corrosion, les
agents d'adhésivité et les produits améliorant
l'indice de viscosité. In general terms, a lubricating grease according to the invention is obtained by mixing together the following constituents
has a base oil with one or more
synthetic or mineral oils or
mixtures thereof,
b a thickener,
0.5 to 5% by weight of the total weight of
constituents of a molybdenum dithiophosphate
of the following general formula,
where X or Y represents S or O and each of R1 to R4
included may be the same or
different and each represent a group
main alkyl (straight chain) or secondary
(branched chain) having from 3 to 20 carbon atoms
carbon dioxide, d between 0.5 and 5% by weight of the total weight of
constituents of oxide (I) of copper (oxide
cuprous) powder having a size of
particle less than 200 ssm and, if that is
desired, e some or all of the fat additives
such as anti-wear additives,
anti-oxidants, the modification additives of
friction, corrosion inhibitors,
adhesion agents and improving products
the viscosity index.
Plus particulièrement, il peut y avoir, en pourcentage en poids du poids total, de 60 à 90% d'huile de base, de 2 à 15% d'épaississant, de 0,5 à 5% de dithiophosphate de molybdène, de 1 à 3% d'oxyde (I) de cuivre, et divers additifs normaux si cela est souhaité. More particularly, there may be, in percent by weight of the total weight, 60 to 90% of base oil, 2 to 15% thickener, 0.5 to 5% molybdenum dithiophosphate, 1 at 3% copper (I) oxide, and various normal additives if desired.
L'oxyde en poudre a de préférence une taille de particule inférieure à 50 ssm. Pour des tailles de particule inférieures à 200 m, 100% des particules doivent passer à travers un tamis de maille de 75 tel que défini par la norme ASTM Ell ou ISO 595. Pour des tailles de particule inférieures à 50 pm (45 clam), 100% des particules doivent passer à travers un tamis de maille de 325 tel que défini par la norme ASTM Ell ou ISO 595.The powdered oxide preferably has a particle size of less than 50 ssm. For particle sizes of less than 200 m, 100% of the particles must pass through a sieve of 75 mesh as defined by ASTM Ell or ISO 595. For particle sizes of less than 50 μm (45 clam), 100% of the particles must pass through a mesh screen of 325 as defined by ASTM Ell or ISO 595.
Il a été proposé antérieurement d'utiliser des additifs contenant du cuivre dans de la graisse. Dans un article de Y Ishuk et autres publié dans Lubrication
Science volume 6, deuxième partie, janvier 1994, des expérimentations impliquant l'addition d'additifs contenant du cuivre à de la graisse ont été décrites. Les conclusions étaient que ces additions diminuent des propriétés tribologiques d'une graisse dans des conditions anti-usure mais améliorent sensiblement ces propriétés dans des conditions d'extrême pression, ces conditions étant décrites en liaison avec la figure 1 de l'article.It has previously been proposed to use additives containing copper in fat. In an article by Y Ishuk and others published in Lubrication
Science volume 6, second part, January 1994, experiments involving the addition of copper-containing additives to fat have been described. The conclusions were that these additions decrease the tribological properties of a grease under anti-wear conditions but substantially improve these properties under extreme pressure conditions, these conditions being described in conjunction with Figure 1 of the article.
L'article expose que des graisses avec des additifs contenant du cuivre sont indésirables dans des couples de friction fonctionnant dans des conditions anti-usure. Les conditions dans un joint homocinétique lors de l'utilisation varient en continu entre les conditions antiusure et d'extrême pression à cause du large spectre de charges, d'angles et de vitesses rencontrés en service.The article states that greases with copper-containing additives are undesirable in friction torques operating under anti-wear conditions. The conditions in a constant velocity joint during use vary continuously between the anti-wear and extreme pressure conditions because of the wide spectrum of loads, angles and speeds encountered in service.
Ainsi, un lecteur averti de l'article Ishuk ne pourrait pas considérer l'utilisation d'un additif contenant du cuivre dans une graisse pour une utilisation dans un joint homocinétique.Thus, an informed reader of the Ishuk article could not consider the use of a copper-containing additive in a grease for use in a constant velocity joint.
L'art antérieur ne montre pas l'addition synergique d'oxyde (I) de cuivre et de dithiophosphate de molybdène à une graisse adaptée à une utilisation dans des joints homocinétiques afin d'obtenir d'excellentes propriétés d'anti-usure et d'antifriction comme cela est décrit ci-dessous. The prior art does not show the synergistic addition of copper (I) oxide and molybdenum dithiophosphate to a grease suitable for use in homokinetic joints in order to obtain excellent anti-wear and anti-wear properties. antifriction as described below.
L'invention va maintenant être décrite en détail. The invention will now be described in detail.
L'huile de base se compose de préférence d'un mélange d'huile minérale et comporte 25% d'huiles naphténiques et 75% d'huiles paraffiniques en poids sur la base de l'huile de base totale. L'invention n'est pas limitée à l'utilisation d'huiles minérales, des huiles d'hydrocarbure de synthèse ou des huiles d'ester peuvent être utilisées seules ou mélangées ou bien mélangées avec des huiles minérales. The base oil is preferably a mixture of mineral oil and comprises 25% naphthenic oils and 75% paraffinic oils by weight based on the total base oil. The invention is not limited to the use of mineral oils, synthetic hydrocarbon oils or ester oils may be used alone or blended or mixed with mineral oils.
L'épaississant peut être un savon de lithium simple formé à partir d'acide stéarique, d'acide 12hydroxystéarique ou à partir d'autres acides gras similaires ou mélanges de ceux-ci ou des esters de méthyle de ces acides. En variante, un savon complexe de lithium peut être utilisé en étant formé par exemple par un mélange d'acide gras à long chaîne avec un agent de complexion, par exemple un borate ou bien un ou plusieurs acides dicarboxyliques. L'utilisation de savons de lithium complexes permet à la graisse de fonctionner jusqu'à une température d'environ 1800C alors que, avec des savons de lithium simple, la graisse fonctionne uniquement jusqu'à une température d'environ 1200C. D'autres épaississants peuvent être utilisés tels des savons de calcium, de sodium, de baryum ou d'aluminium simples ou complexes; des argiles, des polymères tels que des polyéthylènes et des polytétrafluoréthylènes, et des dérivés de l'urée. The thickener may be a single lithium soap formed from stearic acid, 12-hydroxystearic acid or from other similar fatty acids or mixtures thereof or the methyl esters of these acids. Alternatively, a lithium complex soap may be used by being formed for example by a long chain fatty acid mixture with a complexing agent, for example a borate or one or more dicarboxylic acids. The use of complex lithium soaps allows the grease to operate up to a temperature of about 1800C while, with simple lithium soaps, the grease only functions up to a temperature of about 1200C. Other thickeners can be used such as simple or complex calcium, sodium, barium or aluminum soaps; clays, polymers such as polyethylenes and polytetrafluoroethylenes, and urea derivatives.
Les constituants de graisse peuvent comprendre entre 0,5 à 5% en poids d'un dithiophosphate de zinc comme additif anti-usure qui est de préférence choisi dans le groupe de ceux représentés par la formule générale suivante
(R5O)(R6O)SP-S-Zn-S-PS(OR7)(OR8) où les R5 à R8 inclus peuvent chacun être les mêmes ou différents et représentent chacun un groupe alkyle ayant 1 à 24, de préférence 3 à 20 atomes de carbone ou un groupe aryle ayant 6 à 30, de préférence 8 à 18 atomes de carbone.The fat constituents may comprise from 0.5 to 5% by weight of a zinc dithiophosphate as an antiwear additive which is preferably selected from the group of those represented by the following general formula
(R5O) (R6O) SP-S-Zn-S-PS (OR7) (OR8) wherein R5 to R8 inclusive may each be the same or different and each represents an alkyl group having 1 to 24, preferably 3 to 20 carbon atoms or an aryl group having 6 to 30, preferably 8 to 18 carbon atoms.
Le groupe alkyle peut être principal ou secondaire. De préférence, les substituants R5 à R8 inclus représentent chacun un groupe alkyle principal ou secondaire ayant 3 à 8 atomes de carbone. En variante, du borate de potassium peut être utilisé comme additif anti-usure.The alkyl group may be primary or secondary. Preferably, the substituents R5 to R8 inclusive each represent a primary or secondary alkyl group having 3 to 8 carbon atoms. Alternatively, potassium borate may be used as an antiwear additive.
Les constituants de graisse peuvent également comprendre entre 0,5 et 5% en poids d'un complexe dithiocarbamate de molybdène qui agit comme modificateur de friction mineur. The grease components may also comprise from 0.5 to 5% by weight of a molybdenum dithiocarbamate complex which acts as a minor friction modifier.
Le dithiocarbamate de molybdène peut être selon la formule
où X ou Y représentent S ou O et chacun des R9 à R12 inclus peut être les mêmes ou différents et chacun représente un groupe alkyle principal (chaîne droite) ou secondaire (chaîne ramifiée) ayant entre 3 et 20 atomes de carbone.Molybdenum dithiocarbamate can be according to the formula
where X or Y are S or O and each of R9 to R12 inclusive may be the same or different and each represents a primary (straight chain) or secondary (branched chain) alkyl group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms.
Les constituants de graisse peuvent également comprendre entre 0,1 et 5% en poids d'un additif d'extrême pression contenant du soufre et sans métal qui peut être un additif soufre/phosphore ou bien contenant du soufre mais pas de phosphore. L'additif contient de préférence de 20 à 30% d'un phosphate amine et de 55 à 65% d'huile sulfurisée, les pourcentages étant en poids. The grease components may also comprise from 0.1 to 5% by weight of a sulfur-containing, metal-free, extreme pressure additive which may be a sulfur / phosphorus additive or a sulfur-containing but no phosphorus additive. The additive preferably contains 20 to 30% of a phosphate amine and 55 to 65% of sulfurized oil, the percentages being by weight.
Les constituants de graisse peuvent comprendre de 0,1 à 2% en poids d'un antioxydant sous la forme d'une amine, de préférence une amine aromatique, qui peut être de la phényle a-naphtylamine ou diphénylamine ou des dérivés de celles-ci. The fat constituents may comprise from 0.1 to 2% by weight of an antioxidant in the form of an amine, preferably an aromatic amine, which may be phenyl α-naphthylamine or diphenylamine or derivatives thereof. this.
La graisse peut également contenir un inhibiteur de corrosion tel qu'un sel sulfonate de pétrole naturel ou synthétique d'une base, d'une terre alcaline ou d'un métal de transition, par exemple du sulfonate de pétrole de calcium, un agent d'adhésivité, par exemple du polyisobutène, et un agent d'amélioration de l'indice de viscosité, par exemple du poly(méthacrylate de méthyle). The grease may also contain a corrosion inhibitor such as a natural or synthetic petroleum sulfonate salt of a base, an alkaline earth, or a transition metal, for example calcium petroleum sulfonate, adhesiveness, for example polyisobutene, and a viscosity index improver, for example poly (methyl methacrylate).
Premiers exemples
Deux graisses de base ont été préparées selon les compositions suivantes et sont appelées ici graisses A et
B. Les chiffres dans le tableau sont des pourcentages en poids de la graisse totale.
First examples
Two basic fats were prepared according to the following compositions and are here called fats A and
B. The figures in the table are percentages by weight of the total fat.
<tb><Tb>
<SEP> Graisse <SEP> A <SEP> B
<tb> 1 <SEP> Savon <SEP> de <SEP> lithium <SEP> 5,3 <SEP> 7,6
<tb> 2 <SEP> Huile <SEP> de <SEP> base <SEP> 87,1 <SEP> 85,8
<tb> 3 <SEP> Dithiophosphate <SEP> de <SEP> molybdène <SEP> (MoDTP) <SEP> 3,0 <SEP> 2,0
<tb> 4 <SEP> Dithiocarbamate <SEP> de <SEP> molybdène <SEP> (MoDTC) <SEP> 1,0 <SEP> 1,0
<tb> 5 <SEP> Dithiophosphate <SEP> de <SEP> zinc <SEP> (ZDTP) <SEP> 1,0 <SEP> 1,0
<tb> 6 <SEP> Additif <SEP> d'extrême <SEP> pression <SEP> 0,3 <SEP> 0,3
<tb> 7 <SEP> Inhibiteur <SEP> de <SEP> corrosion <SEP> 2,0 <SEP> 2,0
<tb> 8 <SEP> Additif <SEP> anti-oxydant <SEP> 0,3 <SEP> 0,3
<tb>
Note
Les composants des graisses de base sont comme suit 1. 12-hydroxystéarate de lithium.<SEP> Fat <SEP> A <SEP> B
<tb> 1 <SEP> Soap <SEP> of <SEP> Lithium <SEP> 5.3 <SEP> 7.6
<tb> 2 <SEP> Oil <SEP> of <SEP> base <SEP> 87.1 <SEP> 85.8
<tb> 3 <SEP> Dithiophosphate <SEP> of <SEP> Molybdenum <SEP> (MoDTP) <SEP> 3.0 <SEP> 2.0
<tb> 4 <SEP> Dithiocarbamate <SEP> of <SEP> Molybdenum <SEP> (MoDTC) <SEP> 1.0 <SEP> 1.0
<tb> 5 <SEP> Dithiophosphate <SEP> of <SEP> zinc <SEP> (ZDTP) <SEP> 1.0 <SEP> 1.0
<tb> 6 <SEP> Additive <SEP> extreme <SEP> pressure <SEP> 0.3 <SEP> 0.3
<tb> 7 <SEP> Inhibitor <SEP> of <SEP> Corrosion <SEP> 2.0 <SEP> 2.0
<tb> 8 <SEP> Additive <SEP> antioxidant <SEP> 0.3 <SEP> 0.3
<Tb>
Note
The basic fat components are as follows 1. Lithium 12-hydroxystearate.
2. Huile de base 25% en poids d'huiles naphténiques et 75% en poids d'huiles paraffiniques sur la base du total de l'huile de base.2. Base oil 25% by weight of naphthenic oils and 75% by weight of paraffinic oils based on total base oil.
3. Dithiophosphate de molybdène (Molyvan L, disponible auprès de R.T. Vanderbilt Company).3. Molybdenum Dithiophosphate (Molyvan L, available from R. T. Vanderbilt Company).
4. Dithiocarbamate de molybdène (Molyvan 822, disponible auprès de R.T. Vanderbilt Company).4. Molyvan Dithiocarbamate (Molyvan 822, available from R. T. Vanderbilt Company).
5. Dithiophosphate de zinc (Lubrisol 1360, disponible auprès de Lubrisol Great Britain Ltd.).5. Zinc dithiophosphate (Lubrisol 1360, available from Lubrisol Great Britain Ltd.).
6. Additif d'extrême pression (Mobilad G-305, disponible auprès de Mobil Chemical Company).6. Extreme Pressure Additive (Mobilad G-305, available from Mobil Chemical Company).
7. Inhibiteur de corrosion (Alox 165, disponible auprès de
Alox corporation).7. Corrosion Inhibitor (Alox 165, available from
Alox corporation).
8. Additif antioxydant (Additin RC7130 disponible auprès de
Rhein Chemie).8. Antioxidant Additive (Additin RC7130 available from
Rhein Chemie).
Des échantillons de test ont été préparés et comportent 98% en poids de graisse A ou de graisse B et 2% en poids d'un additif à base de cuivre. I1 s'agit de poudre de cuivre, d'oxyde cuivreux (oxyde (I) de cuivre), d'oxyde cuivreux (oxyde (II) de cuivre) ou de naphténate (II) de cuivre. La poudre de cuivre et les oxydes de cuivre ont chacun une taille de particule inférieure à 45 ssm comme cela a été défini ci-dessus. L'additif a été mélangé avec la graisse dans un mélangeur jusqu'à mélange complet et la graisse a ensuite été moulinée afin d'obtenir une homogénéisation. Test samples were prepared and comprise 98% by weight of fat A or fat B and 2% by weight of a copper additive. It consists of copper powder, cuprous oxide (copper oxide (I)), cuprous oxide (copper oxide (II)) or copper naphthenate (II). The copper powder and the copper oxides each have a particle size of less than 45 ssm as defined above. The additive was mixed with the fat in a blender until complete mixing and the fat was then milled to homogenize.
Des tests de friction et d'usure de glissement en laboratoire sont largement utilisés dans le développement d'huile et de graisse. Ces types de test sont utilisés pour des conditions de contact fictives entre des surfaces correspondantes. Un appareil pour la réalisation de ces tests est le dispositif de test de Optimol Instruments SRV (Schwingungen Reibung Verschliess). Le test consiste en un spécimen de bille supérieur qui se déplace de manière alternative sous charge sur un spécimen inférieur de disque plat, avec la graisse qui lubrifie le contact. I1 s'agit d'un test industriel standard et particulièrement pertinent pour le test de graisse pour des joints homocinétiques. Friction and slip wear tests in the laboratory are widely used in the development of oil and grease. These types of tests are used for fictitious contact conditions between corresponding surfaces. One apparatus for performing these tests is the Optimol Instruments SRV test device (Schwingungen Reibung Verschliess). The test consists of a top ball specimen that moves alternately under load on a lower flat disc specimen, with grease that lubricates the contact. This is a standard industrial test and is particularly relevant for the grease test for homokinetic joints.
Une série de méthodes de test utilisant le dispositif de test SRV a été identifiée, lesquelles s'avèrent appropriées pour le test de graisses pour une utilisation dans des joints homocinétiques. Dans ce cas, les conditions suivantes sont utilisées
A series of test methods using the SRV test device have been identified, which are suitable for fat testing for use in constant velocity joints. In this case, the following conditions are used
<tb> Test <SEP> Charge <SEP> Fréquence <SEP> Course <SEP> Température <SEP> Durée
<tb> <SEP> Newtons <SEP> Hertz <SEP> mm <SEP> OC <SEP> minute
<tb> <SEP> 1 <SEP> 200 <SEP> 40 <SEP> 1,5 <SEP> 80 <SEP> 60
<tb> <SEP> 2 <SEP> 200 <SEP> 40 <SEP> 3,0 <SEP> 80 <SEP> 60
<tb>
Les lots de graisse avec et sans l'additif à base de cuivre ont été testés en double pour l'usure et la friction. Les résultats ont fait l'objet d'une moyenne et sont représentés sur les figures 1 à 3 et 8 à 10 annexées qui vont maintenant être décrites.<tb> Test <SEP> Load <SEP> Frequency <SEP> Run <SEP> Temperature <SEP> Duration
<tb><SEP> Newtons <SEP> Hertz <SEP> mm <SEP> OC <SEP> minute
<tb><SEP> 1 <SEP> 200 <SEP> 40 <SEP> 1.5 <SEP> 80 <SEP> 60
<tb><SEP> 2 <SEP> 200 <SEP> 40 <SEP> 3.0 <SEP> 80 <SEP> 60
<Tb>
Grease batches with and without the copper additive were tested in duplicate for wear and friction. The results have been averaged and are shown in Figures 1 to 3 and 8 to 10 attached which will now be described.
Dans la description suivante, A est la graisse A sans additif à base de cuivre, Apo est la graisse A avec 2% de cuivre en poudre, Apl est la graisse A avec 2% d'oxyde (I) de cuivre, Ap2 est la graisse A avec 2% d'oxyde (II) de cuivre et An2 est la graisse A avec 2% de naphténate de cuivre, tous les pourcentages étant en poids de graisse totale incluant le cuivre ou l'additif contenant du cuivre. In the following description, A is grease A without copper additive, Apo is grease A with 2% copper powder, Apl is grease A with 2% copper (I) oxide, Ap2 is the grease A with 2% copper (II) oxide and An2 is grease A with 2% copper naphthenate, all percentages being by weight of total grease including copper or copper-containing additive.
La figure 1 montre les coefficients de friction statique et dynamique mesurés dans les tests SRV cités cidessus pour la graisse A sans aucun additif et pour les graisses Apow Api, Ap2 et An2. On peut voir que la réduction la plus grande du coefficient de friction, à la fois statique et dynamique, est représentée par Ap2, c'est-àdire la graisse A avec l'addition d'oxyde (II) de cuivre et est suivie de près par la graisse Apl contenant l'oxyde (I) de cuivre. Des réductions plus faibles de coefficient de friction statique sont présentées par les graisses APO et A2. En ce qui concerne le coefficient de friction dynamique, la situation est la même qu'avec la friction statique avec les poudres d'oxyde de cuivre; le cuivre en poudre donne une plus grande réduction de coefficient de friction dynamique que le naphténate de cuivre. Figure 1 shows the coefficients of static and dynamic friction measured in the SRV tests cited above for grease A without any additives and for Apow Api, Ap2 and An2 greases. It can be seen that the greatest reduction in the coefficient of friction, both static and dynamic, is represented by Ap2, that is, grease A with the addition of copper (II) oxide, and is followed by by the Apl grease containing the oxide (I) of copper. Lower reductions in static coefficient of friction are presented by APO and A2 greases. With regard to the dynamic friction coefficient, the situation is the same as with the static friction with the copper oxide powders; powdered copper gives a greater reduction in dynamic coefficient of friction than copper naphthenate.
La figure 2 montre la profondeur d'usure mesurée dans les tests SRV pour la graisse A et les graisses Ap0,
Api, Ap2 et An2. On voit que la profondeur d'usure en utilisant la graisse Apl est considérablement inférieure à celle obtenue avec n'importe laquelle des autres graisses et la réduction de profondeur d'usure en utilisant la graisse Apl comparée à la graisse A est de 74%. Dans cinq des huit tests, il n'y avait pas d'usure mesurable. La réduction de profondeur d'usure en utilisant du cuivre ou du naphténate de cuivre est environ la même à 27% et la réduction de profondeur d'usure en utilisant la graisse Ap2 est inférieure à 18% (voir la figure 3).Figure 2 shows the depth of wear measured in the SRV tests for fat A and fat Ap0,
Api, Ap2 and An2. It can be seen that the depth of wear using the Apl grease is considerably less than that obtained with any of the other greases and the reduction in wear depth using the Apl grease compared to the grease A is 74%. In five of the eight tests, there was no measurable wear. The wear depth reduction using copper or copper naphthenate is about the same at 27% and the wear depth reduction using the Ap2 grease is less than 18% (see Figure 3).
On voit d'après les figures 1, 2 et 3 que la graisse de meilleure performance globale donnant un faible coefficient de friction et une faible usure est la graisse Apl qui contient 2% d'oxyde (I) de cuivre. It can be seen from Figures 1, 2 and 3 that the best overall performance grease giving low coefficient of friction and low wear is the Apl grease which contains 2% copper oxide (I).
L'effet de l'addition d'oxyde (I) de cuivre à la graisse A afin de produire la graisse Apl est également représenté dans les figures 4 et 5 qui montrent les résultats de tests dans un joint homocinétique. Sur la figure 4, A montre le profil à deux dimensions de la surface vierge des pistes dans la cage extérieure d'un joint tripode plongeant avant le test. B montre la profondeur de rayure d'usure dans les pistes parallèles à la direction de déplacement des rouleaux en utilisant la graisse A et C montre la profondeur de rayure d'usure obtenue en utilisant la graisse Apl après le test. Ceci est représenté schématiquement sur la figure 5 où l'on voit que la profondeur d'usure moyenne d'un échantillon de test lubrifiée par la graisse Apl est d'approximativement un quart de la profondeur d'usure d'un échantillon de test lubrifié avec la graisse A. Les conditions de test étaient de 106 heures à un couple de 1000 Newton-mètre à 160 tours par minute avec un angle de 60. Ceci est un test à fort couple/faible vitesse. The effect of adding copper oxide (I) to grease A to produce Apl grease is also shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 which show test results in a constant velocity joint. In Figure 4, A shows the two-dimensional profile of the blank surface of the tracks in the outer cage of a tripod tripod joint prior to testing. B shows the wear scratch depth in the tracks parallel to the direction of movement of the rollers using grease A and C shows the wear scratch depth obtained using the Apl grease after the test. This is shown schematically in Fig. 5 where it can be seen that the average wear depth of a test sample lubricated with the Apl grease is approximately one quarter of the wear depth of a lubricated test sample. with grease A. The test conditions were 106 hours at a torque of 1000 Newton-meter at 160 rpm with an angle of 60. This is a high torque / low speed test.
La figure 6 montre les degrés d'endommagement après fonctionnement d'un joint tripode plongeant dans un test dans les conditions citées en liaison avec les figures 4 et 5. Les degrés d'endommagement moyens sont déterminés selon la table suivante. Un degré d'endommagement de 10 signifie comme neuf et à un degré d'endommagement de 1, le composant est sérieusement endommagé. On voit qu'il y a une augmentation considérable des degrés d'endommagement (c'est-à-dire moins d'endommagement) dans les parties du joint lors de l'utilisation de la graisse Apl comparée au test utilisant la graisse A. FIG. 6 shows the degrees of damage after operation of a tripod joint plunging in a test under the conditions mentioned in connection with FIGS. 4 and 5. The average degrees of damage are determined according to the following table. A degree of damage of 10 means as new and at a degree of damage of 1, the component is seriously damaged. It can be seen that there is a considerable increase in the degree of damage (i.e., less damage) in the joint portions when using Apl grease compared to the A grease test.
Diagramme de condition de joint
Seal condition diagram
<tb> <SEP> Degré <SEP> Condition <SEP> de <SEP> composant
<tb> d'endommagement
<tb> <SEP> 10 <SEP> Non <SEP> marqué, <SEP> comme <SEP> neuf
<tb> <SEP> 9 <SEP> Polissage <SEP> très <SEP> superficiel
<tb> <SEP> 8 <SEP> Zones <SEP> polies <SEP> de <SEP> manière <SEP> distincte
<tb> <SEP> 7 <SEP> Zones <SEP> fortement <SEP> polies, <SEP> légère <SEP> usure,
<tb> <SEP> décolorées
<tb>
<tb><SEP> Degree <SEP> Condition <SEP> of <SEP> Component
<tb> damage
<tb><SEP> 10 <SEP> No <SEP> marked, <SEP> as <SEP> new
<tb><SEP> 9 <SEP> Polishing <SEP> very <SEP> superficial
<tb><SEP> 8 <SEP><SEP> Polished <SEP> Zones of <SEP> Separate <SEP> Way
<tb><SEP> 7 <SEP> Zones <SEP> strongly <SEP> polished, <SEP> light <SEP> wear,
<tb><SEP> discolored
<Tb>
<tb> 6 <SEP> Très <SEP> fort <SEP> polissage, <SEP> usure <SEP> modérée,
<tb> <SEP> arrachement <SEP> inférieur <SEP> à <SEP> 2 <SEP> mm2
<tb> 5 <SEP> Evidence <SEP> de <SEP> forte <SEP> usure <SEP> locale <SEP> ou <SEP> de
<tb> <SEP> marquage, <SEP> décoloration <SEP> thermique,
<tb> <SEP> arrachement <SEP> > <SEP> 2 <SEP> mm2 <SEP> < <SEP> 25% <SEP> de <SEP> surface <SEP> de
<tb> <SEP> contact
<tb> 4 <SEP> Arrachement <SEP> > <SEP> 2 <SEP> mm2 <SEP> < <SEP> 50% <SEP> de <SEP> surface <SEP> de
<tb> <SEP> contact
<tb> 3 <SEP> Sérieux <SEP> usure <SEP> et <SEP> arrachement <SEP> > <SEP> 50% <SEP> de
<tb> <SEP> surface <SEP> de <SEP> contact, <SEP> composant <SEP> toujours
<tb> <SEP> fonctionnel, <SEP> problèmes <SEP> NVH <SEP> possibles
<tb> 2 <SEP> Endommagement <SEP> de <SEP> composant <SEP> imminent
<tb> 1 <SEP> Endommagement <SEP> de <SEP> composant, <SEP> ruptures
<tb> <SEP> locales, <SEP> dommage <SEP> thermique
<tb>
La figure 7 montre la réduction dans la force axiale du troisième ordre générée dans un joint tripode plongeant à différents degrés d'articulation lors de l'utilisation de la graisse Apl comparée à la graisse A.<tb> 6 <SEP> Very <SEP> strong <SEP> polishing, <SEP> moderate <SEP> wear,
<tb><SEP> uptake <SEP> lower <SEP> than <SEP> 2 <SEP> mm2
<tb> 5 <SEP> Evidence <SEP> of <SEP> strong <SEP><SEP> local <SEP> or <SEP> wear of
<tb><SEP> marking, <SEP> fading <SEP> thermal,
<tb><SEP> tears off <SEP>><SEP> 2 <SEP> mm2 <SEP><<SEP> 25% <SEP> from <SEP> surface <SEP> from
<tb><SEP> contact
<tb> 4 <SEP> Tear Off <SEP>><SEP> 2 <SEP> mm2 <SEP><SEP> 50% <SEP> From <SEP> Surface <SEP> From
<tb><SEP> contact
<tb> 3 <SEP> Serious <SEP> wear <SEP> and <SEP> tear off <SEP>><SEP> 50% <SEP> from
<tb><SEP> surface <SEP> of <SEP> contact, <SEP> component <SEP> always
<tb><SEP> functional, <SEP> problems <SEP> NVH <SEP> possible
<tb> 2 <SEP> Damage <SEP> of <SEP> impending <SEP> component
<tb> 1 <SEP> Damage <SEP> of <SEP> Component, <SEP> Breaks
<tb><SEP> local, <SEP> damage <SEP> thermal
<Tb>
Figure 7 shows the reduction in the axial force of the third order generated in a tripod joint plunging at different degrees of articulation when using Apl grease compared to grease A.
Les conditions de test étaient un couple de 300 Newton mètre à 200 tours par minute après fonctionnement pendant 20 minutes à 100 Newton mètre à 200 tours par minute.The test conditions were a torque of 300 Newton meters at 200 rpm after running for 20 minutes at 100 Newton meters at 200 rpm.
La figure 8 montre l'effet de l'addition de différents pourcentages d'oxyde de cuivre sur la graisse A par rapport à la profondeur d'usure et aux coefficients de friction statique et dynamique. On voit qu'avec l'addition de 1% en poids de la graisse totale d'oxyde (I) de cuivre, la profondeur d'usure est réduite virtuellement à zéro. On voit également qu'une augmentation dans la teneur en oxyde (I) de cuivre d'environ 1,5% n'apporte pas une grande différence dans les coefficients de friction statique et dynamique. Figure 8 shows the effect of the addition of different percentages of copper oxide on the grease A with respect to the depth of wear and static and dynamic friction coefficients. It can be seen that with the addition of 1% by weight of the total oxide (I) copper grease, the depth of wear is virtually reduced to zero. It is also seen that an increase in the copper oxide (I) content of about 1.5% does not make a large difference in the static and dynamic friction coefficients.
La différence principale entre la composition de la graisse A et de la graisse B est que la teneur en dithiophosphate de molybdène dans la graisse B est de seulement 2% alors qu'elle est de 3% dans la graisse A. Les figures 9 et 10 montre des résultats comparatifs entre les graisses A et B, la composition de la graisse B étant telle qu'exposée dans le tableau ci-dessus et la combinaison de graisse Bpl étant de 98% de graisse B plus 2% en poids de la graisse totale d'oxyde (I) de cuivre en poudre ayant une taille de particule inférieure à 45 ssm comme cela a été défini ci-dessus. The main difference between the composition of fat A and fat B is that the molybdenum dithiophosphate content in fat B is only 2% while it is 3% in fat A. Figures 9 and 10 shows comparative results between greases A and B, the composition of fat B being as set out in the table above and the combination of fat Bpl being 98% fat B plus 2% by weight of total fat powdered copper (I) oxide having a particle size of less than 45 ssm as defined above.
On voit également d'après la figure 9 que la friction statique de la graisse B et de la graisse Bpl est légèrement supérieure à la graisse A et à la graisse Apl respectivement. Toutefois, si l'on considère la profondeur d'usure comme résultat du test SRV, on voit qu'il y a une réduction considérable de la profondeur d'usure avec la graisse Apl comparée à la graisse A (comme cela a été décrit ci-dessus) et qu'il n'y a pas de profondeur d'usure mesurable dans les tests SRV en utilisant la graisse Bpi. It is also seen from FIG. 9 that the static friction of the grease B and the grease Bpl is slightly greater than the grease A and the grease Apl respectively. However, considering the depth of wear as a result of the SRV test, it is seen that there is a considerable reduction in wear depth with Apl compared to fat A (as described above). above) and that there is no measurable depth of wear in the SRV tests using the Bpi grease.
Comme cela a été mentionné ci-dessus, dans cinq des huit tests utilisant la graisse Api, il n'y a pas de profondeur d'usure mesurable dans les tests SRV.As mentioned above, in five of the eight tests using API fat, there is no measurable depth of wear in the SRV tests.
On voit d'après ce qui précède que la graisse Bpl a des performances comparables à la graisse Apl et la figure 11 montre comment une économie potentielle peut être réalisée en remplaçant une partie du dithiophosphate de molybdène par de l'oxyde (I) de cuivre. L'économie sur le coût des matières premières en remplaçant par 1% d'oxyde (I) de cuivre 1% de dithiophosphate de molybdène est d'approximativement 9% en allant jusqu'à 17% si 2% du dithiophosphate de molybdène est remplacé par de l'oxyde (I) de cuivre. From the foregoing it can be seen that the Bpl grease has performances comparable to the Apl grease and FIG. 11 shows how a potential saving can be achieved by replacing part of the molybdenum dithiophosphate with copper (I) oxide. . The saving on the cost of raw materials by replacing 1% (I) copper oxide with 1% molybdenum dithiophosphate is approximately 9% by up to 17% if 2% molybdenum dithiophosphate is replaced by copper (I) oxide.
Il est clair d'après ce qui précède que les compositions de graisse qui donnent les meilleures propriétés globales d'usure et de friction sont les graisses de base A et B auxquelles a été ajouté de l'oxyde (I) de cuivre. It is clear from the foregoing that the grease compositions which give the best overall wear and friction properties are the base greases A and B to which copper (I) oxide has been added.
D'autres graisses d'échantillon ont été préparées et testées afin d'établir quelle combinaison des constituants des graisses A et B lorsqu'elles sont combinées avec de l'oxyde (I) de cuivre sont principalement responsables des propriétés d'usure et de friction améliorées. Ces échantillons sont décrits ci-dessous. Other sample greases have been prepared and tested to establish which combination of grease A and B constituents when combined with copper (I) oxide are primarily responsible for the wear and tear properties of the greases. improved friction. These samples are described below.
Seconds exemples
Huit graisses ont été préparées en mélangeant ensemble les constituants suivants en pourcentage en poids.
Second examples
Eight fats were prepared by mixing together the following components in percent by weight.
<tb><Tb>
<SEP> Numéro <SEP> 1 <SEP> 2 <SEP> 3 <SEP> 4 <SEP> 5 <SEP> 6 <SEP> 7 <SEP> 8
<tb> <SEP> d'échantillon
<tb> <SEP> 1 <SEP> Savon <SEP> de <SEP> lithium <SEP> 5,0 <SEP> 5,0 <SEP> 5,0 <SEP> 5,0 <SEP> 5,0 <SEP> 5,0 <SEP> 5,0 <SEP> 5,0
<tb> <SEP> 2 <SEP> Huile <SEP> de <SEP> base <SEP> 87,4 <SEP> 85,4 <SEP> 85,4 <SEP> 85,4 <SEP> 85,4 <SEP> 87,7 <SEP> 89,7 <SEP> 89,7
<tb> <SEP> 3 <SEP> Dithiophosphate <SEP> 3,0 <SEP> 3,0 <SEP> 3,0 <SEP> 3,0 <SEP> 3,0 <SEP> 3,0
<tb> <SEP> de <SEP> molybdène
<tb> (MoDTP)
<tb> <SEP> 4 <SEP> Dithiocarbamate <SEP> 1,0 <SEP> 1,0 <SEP> 1,0 <SEP> 1,0 <SEP> 1,0
<tb> <SEP> de <SEP> molybdène
<tb> <SEP> (MoDTC)
<tb> <SEP> 5 <SEP> Dithiophosphate <SEP> 1,0 <SEP> 1,0 <SEP> 1,0 <SEP> 1,0 <SEP> 1,0 <SEP> 1,0
<tb> <SEP> de <SEP> zinc <SEP> (ZDTP)
<tb> <SEP> 6 <SEP> Additif <SEP> d'extrême <SEP> 0,3 <SEP> 0,3 <SEP> 0,3 <SEP> 0,3 <SEP> 0,3 <SEP> 0,3 <SEP> 0,3 <SEP> 0,3
<tb> <SEP> pression
<tb> <SEP> 7 <SEP> Inhibiteur <SEP> de <SEP> 2,0 <SEP> 2,0 <SEP> 2,0 <SEP> 2,0 <SEP> 2,0 <SEP> 2,0 <SEP> 2,0 <SEP> 2,0
<tb> <SEP> corrosion
<tb> <SEP> 8 <SEP> Additif <SEP> anti- <SEP> 0,3 <SEP> 0,3 <SEP> 0,3 <SEP> 0,3 <SEP> 0,3
<tb>
<SEP> Number <SEP> 1 <SEP> 2 <SEP> 3 <SEP> 4 <SEP> 5 <SEP> 6 <SEP> 7 <SEP> 8
<tb><SEP> sample
<tb><SEP> 1 <SEP> Soap <SEP> of <SEP> lithium <SEP> 5.0 <SEP> 5.0 <SEP> 5.0 <SEP> 5.0 <SEP> 5.0 <SEP> 5.0 <SEP> 5.0 <SEP> 5.0
<tb><SEP> 2 <SEP> Oil <SEP> of <SEP> base <SEP> 87.4 <SEP> 85.4 <SEP> 85.4 <SEP> 85.4 <SEP> 85.4 <MS> 87.7 <SEP> 89.7 <SEP> 89.7
<tb><SEP> 3 <SEP> Dithiophosphate <SEP> 3.0 <SEP> 3.0 <SEP> 3.0 <SEP> 3.0 <SEP> 3.0 <SEP> 3.0
<tb><SEP> of <SEP> molybdenum
<tb> (MoDTP)
<tb><SEP> 4 <SEP> Dithiocarbamate <SEP> 1.0 <SEP> 1.0 <SEP> 1.0 <SEP> 1.0 <SEP> 1.0
<tb><SEP> of <SEP> molybdenum
<tb><SEP> (MoDTC)
<tb><SEP> 5 <SEP> Dithiophosphate <SEP> 1.0 <SEP> 1.0 <SEP> 1.0 <SEP> 1.0 <SEP> 1.0 <SEP> 1.0
<tb><SEP> of <SEP> zinc <SEP> (ZDTP)
<tb><SEP> 6 <SEP> Additive <SEP> extreme <SEP> 0.3 <SEP> 0.3 <SEP> 0.3 <SEP> 0.3 <SEP> 0.3 <SEP> 0.3 <SEP> 0.3 <SEP> 0.3
<tb><SEP> pressure
<tb><SEP> 7 <SEP> Inhibitor <SEP> of <SEP> 2.0 <SEP> 2.0 <SEP> 2.0 <SEP> 2.0 <SEP> 2.0 <SEP> 2, 0 <SEP> 2.0 <SEP> 2.0
<tb><SEP> Corrosion
<tb><SEP> 8 <SEP> Additive <SEP> anti- <SEP> 0.3 <SEP> 0.3 <SEP> 0.3 <SEP> 0.3 <SEP> 0.3
<Tb>
<tb> <SEP> oxydant
<tb> 9 <SEP> Cu <SEP> cuivre <SEP> en <SEP> 2,0
<tb> <SEP> poudre
<tb> 10 <SEP> Cu2O <SEP> (oxyde <SEP> (I) <SEP> 2,0 <SEP> 2,0 <SEP> 2,0 <SEP> 2,0
<tb> <SEP> de <SEP> cuivre)
<tb> 11 <SEP> CuO <SEP> (oxyde <SEP> (II) <SEP> 2,0
<tb> <SEP> de <SEP> cuivre)
<tb> 12 <SEP> Naphténate <SEP> de <SEP> 2,0
<tb> <SEP> cuivre
<tb>
Les constituants 1 à 8 des échantillons étaient les mêmes que ceux exposés ci-dessus pour les premiers exemples cités ci-dessus.<tb><SEP> oxidant
<tb> 9 <SEP> Cu <SEP> copper <SEP> in <SEP> 2.0
<tb><SEP> powder
<tb> 10 <SEP> Cu2O <SEP> (oxide <SEP> (I) <SEP> 2.0 <SEP> 2.0 <SEP> 2.0 <SEP> 2.0
<tb><SEP> of <SEP> copper)
<tb> 11 <SEP> CuO <SEP> (oxide <SEP> (II) <SEP> 2.0
<tb><SEP> of <SEP> copper)
<tb> 12 <SEP> Naphthalate <SEP> of <SEP> 2.0
<tb><SEP> copper
<Tb>
Constituents 1-8 of the samples were the same as those discussed above for the first examples cited above.
L'échantillon numéro 1 ne contient pas de cuivre, est similaire en composition à la graisse A décrite cidessus et est inclus comme échantillon de contrôle d'une graisse acceptable ne contenant pas de cuivre. Sample No. 1 does not contain copper, is similar in composition to the grease A described above and is included as a control sample of an acceptable grease not containing copper.
Les échantillons de graisse selon l'invention sont les échantillons 3, 4 et 6, les échantillons restants sont des exemples comparatifs qui tous, excepté l'échantillon 1, comprennent du cuivre ou un composé contenant du cuivre. The grease samples according to the invention are samples 3, 4 and 6, the remaining samples are comparative examples all of which, except sample 1, comprise copper or a copper-containing compound.
Chacun des échantillons de graisse a été testé pour l'usure et la friction dans un dispositif de test SRV dans des conditions identiques à celles appliquées aux graisses A et B comme cela a été décrit ci-dessus. Les résultats des deux tests ont fait l'objet d'une moyenne et les résultats sont représentés sur les figures 12 et 13, la figure 12 montre la friction statique mesurée pour chaque échantillon et la figure 13 montre la profondeur d'usure mesurée pour chaque échantillon. Each of the grease samples was tested for wear and friction in an SRV test device under conditions identical to those applied to greases A and B as described above. The results of the two tests were averaged and the results are shown in Figures 12 and 13, Figure 12 shows the static friction measured for each sample and Figure 13 shows the depth of wear measured for each sample.
Si l'on se réfère à la figure 12, en se référant à la graisse de contrôle, échantillon 1, le coefficient de friction est inférieur pour chacun des échantillons contenant du cuivre excepté les échantillons 7 et 8 qui ne contiennent aucun MoDTP. Le coefficient de friction le plus faible est celui de l'échantillon 3 qui contient de l'oxyde (I) de cuivre et du MoDTP suivi de près par les échantillons 4 et 6, qui contiennent chacun du MoDTP et de l'oxyde de cuivre, l'échantillon 6 contenant de l'oxyde (I) de cuivre et l'échantillon 4 contenant de l'oxyde (II) de cuivre. Referring to Fig. 12, referring to the control grease, Sample 1, the coefficient of friction is lower for each of the samples containing copper except Samples 7 and 8 which contain no MoDTPs. The lowest coefficient of friction is that of Sample 3 which contains copper (I) oxide and MoDTP closely followed by samples 4 and 6, each containing MoDTP and copper oxide. sample 6 containing copper oxide (I) and sample 4 containing copper oxide (II).
Si l'on se réfère à la figure 13, la profondeur d'usure la plus faible a été obtenue par l'échantillon 6, l'usure n'étant pas mesurable, et l'usure la plus faible suivante étant obtenue par l'échantillon 3. Chacun des échantillons 3 et 6 contient du MoDTP et de l'oxyde (I) de cuivre. Referring to FIG. 13, the lowest depth of wear was obtained by the sample 6, the wear not being measurable, and the next lowest wear being obtained by the sample 3. Each of samples 3 and 6 contains MoDTP and copper (I) oxide.
La considération des résultats de test en liaison avec la table de composition d'échantillon montre ce qui suit
1. L'inclusion de MoDTP et d'oxyde (I) de cuivre dans la graisse (échantillons 3 et 6) donne les meilleurs résultats de test à la fois de friction et d'usure.The consideration of the test results in connection with the sample composition table shows the following
1. The inclusion of MoDTP and copper (I) oxide in the grease (samples 3 and 6) gives the best results of both friction and wear test.
2. L'inclusion de MoDTP et d'oxyde (II) de cuivre ou de naphténate de cuivre donne des résultats de test qui sont une amélioration par rapport à ceux données par la graisse de l'échantillon 1, qui ne contient pas de cuivre, mais qui sont considérablement moins bons que ceux donnés par les échantillons 3 et 6. 2. The inclusion of copper (copper) or copper naphthenate (MoDTP) and oxide (II) gives test results which are an improvement over those of sample 1, which does not contain copper but which are considerably worse than those given by samples 3 and 6.
3. L'omission de MoDTP de la graisse, même lorsque de l'oxyde (I) de cuivre est inclus (échantillons 7 et 8), donne des coefficients de friction sensiblement moins bons que n'importe lequel des autres échantillons bien que les échantillons 7 et 8 contiennent de l'additif d'extrême pression. La profondeur d'usure de l'échantillon 8 est meilleure que celle de l'échantillon 1 mais, sans surprise, la profondeur d'usure de l'échantillon 7 est pire du fait que le ZDTP est omis. 3. The omission of MoDTP from the grease, even when copper (I) oxide is included (samples 7 and 8), gives significantly lower coefficients of friction than any of the other samples although the Samples 7 and 8 contain the extreme pressure additive. The depth of wear of the sample 8 is better than that of the sample 1 but, unsurprisingly, the depth of wear of the sample 7 is worse because the ZDTP is omitted.
La conclusion que les demandeurs tirent des résultats de test est qu'il y a une synergie inattendue entre le MoDTP et l'oxyde (I) de cuivre lorsqu'ils sont combinés dans une graisse contenant une huile de base et un épaississant, que les autres constituants décrits ici soient inclus ou non dans la graisse. The conclusion that the applicants derive from the test results is that there is an unexpected synergy between the MoDTP and the copper (I) oxide when combined in a fat containing a base oil and a thickener, which the other constituents described herein are included in the grease or not.
On voit que l'invention procure une graisse, particulièrement mais pas exclusivement pour une utilisation dans des joints homocinétiques, qui a des caractéristiques de faible usure et de faible friction et est économique sur le plan du coût des matières premières. It is seen that the invention provides a grease, particularly but not exclusively for use in constant velocity joints, which has low wear and low friction characteristics and is economical in terms of raw material cost.
Claims (15)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GBGB9714292.1A GB9714292D0 (en) | 1997-07-08 | 1997-07-08 | Grease for constant-velocity joints |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
FR2765886A1 true FR2765886A1 (en) | 1999-01-15 |
Family
ID=10815483
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
FR9808663A Pending FR2765886A1 (en) | 1997-07-08 | 1998-07-07 | GREASE FOR JOINT HOMOCINETIC |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
FR (1) | FR2765886A1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB9714292D0 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1999002629A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2000049112A1 (en) * | 1999-02-16 | 2000-08-24 | Gkn Automotive Gmbh | Grease composition for constant velocity joints |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2000303087A (en) * | 1999-04-21 | 2000-10-31 | Showa Shell Sekiyu Kk | Grease composition for constant-velocity joint |
CN100554387C (en) * | 2004-02-27 | 2009-10-28 | 协同油脂株式会社 | Grease composition for constant-velocity joint and constant velocity cardan joint |
JP5022582B2 (en) * | 2005-08-24 | 2012-09-12 | Ntn株式会社 | Grease composition for constant velocity joints |
WO2021052578A1 (en) | 2019-09-18 | 2021-03-25 | Gkn Driveline International Gmbh | A grease composition comprising copper sulfide for constant velocity joints |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1994011470A1 (en) * | 1992-11-14 | 1994-05-26 | Gkn Technology Limited | Greases |
DE19530504A1 (en) * | 1994-08-19 | 1996-03-14 | Gkn Automotive Ag | High-temperature constant-velocity-joint grease |
EP0708172A2 (en) * | 1994-10-21 | 1996-04-24 | Kyodo Yushi Co., Ltd. | Grease composition for constant velocity joints |
CN1124280A (en) * | 1994-12-06 | 1996-06-12 | 陈琰 | Anti extreme pressure heavy load grease |
-
1997
- 1997-07-08 GB GBGB9714292.1A patent/GB9714292D0/en active Pending
-
1998
- 1998-06-26 WO PCT/GB1998/001863 patent/WO1999002629A1/en active Application Filing
- 1998-07-07 FR FR9808663A patent/FR2765886A1/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1994011470A1 (en) * | 1992-11-14 | 1994-05-26 | Gkn Technology Limited | Greases |
DE19530504A1 (en) * | 1994-08-19 | 1996-03-14 | Gkn Automotive Ag | High-temperature constant-velocity-joint grease |
EP0708172A2 (en) * | 1994-10-21 | 1996-04-24 | Kyodo Yushi Co., Ltd. | Grease composition for constant velocity joints |
CN1124280A (en) * | 1994-12-06 | 1996-06-12 | 陈琰 | Anti extreme pressure heavy load grease |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
DATABASE WPI Section Ch Week 199747, Derwent World Patents Index; Class E11, AN 1997-504318, XP002080854 * |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2000049112A1 (en) * | 1999-02-16 | 2000-08-24 | Gkn Automotive Gmbh | Grease composition for constant velocity joints |
GB2346892B (en) * | 1999-02-16 | 2002-10-09 | Gkn Technology Ltd | Grease for constant velocity joints |
US6656890B1 (en) * | 1999-02-16 | 2003-12-02 | Gkn Automotive Gmbh | Grease composition for constant velocity joints |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO1999002629A1 (en) | 1999-01-21 |
GB9714292D0 (en) | 1997-09-10 |
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