FR2763310A1 - VTOL aircraft - Google Patents

VTOL aircraft Download PDF

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Publication number
FR2763310A1
FR2763310A1 FR9706211A FR9706211A FR2763310A1 FR 2763310 A1 FR2763310 A1 FR 2763310A1 FR 9706211 A FR9706211 A FR 9706211A FR 9706211 A FR9706211 A FR 9706211A FR 2763310 A1 FR2763310 A1 FR 2763310A1
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France
Prior art keywords
aircraft
cabin
flaps
vertical
axis
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Granted
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FR9706211A
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French (fr)
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FR2763310B1 (en
Inventor
Andre Chaneac
Jean Chaneac
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SCI CHANEAC ET FILS
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SCI CHANEAC ET FILS
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Priority to FR9706211A priority Critical patent/FR2763310B1/en
Priority to AU43879/97A priority patent/AU4387997A/en
Priority to PCT/FR1997/001655 priority patent/WO1998012106A1/en
Publication of FR2763310A1 publication Critical patent/FR2763310A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of FR2763310B1 publication Critical patent/FR2763310B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64CAEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
    • B64C29/00Aircraft capable of landing or taking-off vertically, e.g. vertical take-off and landing [VTOL] aircraft
    • B64C29/02Aircraft capable of landing or taking-off vertically, e.g. vertical take-off and landing [VTOL] aircraft having its flight directional axis vertical when grounded

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)

Abstract

An aircraft with vertical take off and landing capacity has two contrarotating propellers (12, 13) which allow it to take off and land like a helicopter and are driven by separate engines with axes lying symmetrically with that of the aircraft. It has two cabins - a forward control cabin for its aircrew and a central passenger cabin (3) which is able to pivot within a sphere or cylinder so that its floor remains horizontal regardless of the angle of inclination of the fuselage. The aircraft has two wings (8, 9) which are movable about axes passing through their centre of thrust to maintain the aircraft in level flight, and rear fins which act as supports for feet (69, 70) on which the aircraft rests when standing vertically on the ground, and which are used to control the attitude of the aircraft about its roll, pitch and bank axes. The control surfaces are operated electrically with the aid of gyroscopes.

Description

-] - Dans les brevets 9611628 et 9701025 des mêmes auteurs. nous avons-] - In patents 9611628 and 9701025 by the same authors. We have

breveté unpatented a

aéronef à décollage vertical.vertical takeoff aircraft.

Le but de ce nouveau brevet est l'amélioration de la structure ainsi que les nouveaux  The purpose of this new patent is to improve the structure as well as the new

volets de direction de cet aéronef à décollage et atterrissage vertical.  direction flaps of this aircraft taking off and vertical landing.

Suivant une caractéristique de l'invention. les pieds de suspension en contact avec le sol sont supportés par une poutre portant chacune un volet de direction pivotant autour d'un axe perpendiculaire à l'axe de l'aéronet, situé dans le prolongement vertical de la  According to a characteristic of the invention. the suspension feet in contact with the ground are supported by a beam each carrying a directional flap pivoting about an axis perpendicular to the axis of the aeronet, located in the vertical extension of the

poutre, l'aéronef étant vertical.beam, the aircraft being vertical.

Suivant une autre caractéristique de l'invention, I'aéronef comporte quatre pieds de suspension en contact avec le sol et donc quatre poutres et quatre volets de direction en fonnrme de croix, les deux volets contrôlant l'axe de lacet étant verticaux lorsque l'aéronef  According to another characteristic of the invention, the aircraft comprises four feet of suspension in contact with the ground and therefore four beams and four directional flaps in the shape of a cross, the two flaps controlling the yaw axis being vertical when the aircraft

vole horizontalement, les deux autres volets étant perpendiculaires aux deux premiers.  flies horizontally, the other two flaps being perpendicular to the first two.

Suivant une autre caractéristique de l'invention, l'aéronef comporte trois pieds de suspension en contact avec le sol et donc trois poutres et trois volets de direction. le volet contrôlant l'axe de lacet étant placé verticalement lorsque l'aéronef vole horizontalement. Suivant une autre caractéristique de l'invention, la cabine arrière. demeurant horizontale quel que soit l'angle d'inclinaison de l'aéronef pivote à l'intérieur d'un volume pouvant être soit un cylindre, soit une sphère, soit un volume quelconque Suivant une autre caractéristique de l'invention, la cabine arrière comporte un escalier  According to another characteristic of the invention, the aircraft comprises three feet of suspension in contact with the ground and therefore three beams and three steering flaps. the flap controlling the yaw axis being placed vertically when the aircraft is flying horizontally. According to another characteristic of the invention, the aft cabin. remaining horizontal whatever the angle of inclination of the aircraft pivots within a volume which can be either a cylinder, a sphere or any volume According to another characteristic of the invention, the aft cabin has a staircase

intérieur et extérieur permettant aux pilotes d'accéder à la cabine avant.  interior and exterior allowing pilots to access the front cabin.

L'invention et ses avantages seront mieux compris grâce aux exemples de réalisation donnés à titre indicatifs et non limitatifs pour lesquels: * la figure 1 est une vue en coupe centrale de l'aéronef en position verticale comportant quatre pieds,  The invention and its advantages will be better understood thanks to the exemplary embodiments given by way of nonlimiting example for which: * FIG. 1 is a view in central section of the aircraft in vertical position comprising four feet,

* la figure 2 est une vue en perspective de l'aéronef avec quatre pieds de suspension.  * Figure 2 is a perspective view of the aircraft with four feet of suspension.

* la figure 3 est une vue en perspective de l'aéronef avec trois pieds de suspension.  * Figure 3 is a perspective view of the aircraft with three feet of suspension.

La figure 1 représente l'aéronef reposant sur le sol sur ses quatre pieds en position de départ. Nous retrouvons les éléments décrits précédemment: - les moteurs (14) et (15) entraînant deux hélices (12) et (13) contrarotatives équipées de leur variation de pas (56) et (57), - un gyroscope (27) fournissant les indications de verticalité de l'aéronef soit au pilote soit au système de commandes électriques de vol permettant de diriger l'aéronef - les deux cabines (2) et ( 3), l'une (2) placée à l'avant au niveau des moteurs (14) et (1 5) abritant les pilotes, I'autre (3) placée au centre de l'appareil abritant les passagers et pivotant à l'intérieur soit d'une sphère, soit d'un cylindre (83), soit d'un volume quelconque, suivant le désir du constructeur, pour réaliser le plancher (50) de cette cabine (3) qui pourra être soit arrondi, soit rectangulaire, dans ce dernier cas, la surface frontale est un peu agrandie par rapport à une sphère mais la surface du plancher est plus grande. L'aéronef repose sur le sol par quatre pieds de suspension (69), (70). (71) et (72) en s'appuyant sur la base (55) et sur une autre base (551) en forme de croix grâce à des renforts (67) et (68). A chaque pied correspond un volet (77). (78), (79) et (80) qui va permettre de contrôler les trois axes: - l'axe de tangage en agissant sur les volets (77) et (78) marchant ensemble, I'axe de lacet en agissant sur les volets (79) et (80) marchant ensemble, - l'axe de roulis en agissant sur les volets (77), (78), (79) et (80) soit d'un coté, soit de  FIG. 1 represents the aircraft resting on the ground on its four feet in the starting position. We find the elements described above: - the motors (14) and (15) driving two counter-rotating propellers (12) and (13) equipped with their pitch variation (56) and (57), - a gyroscope (27) providing the indications of verticality of the aircraft either to the pilot or to the electrical flight control system making it possible to steer the aircraft - the two cabins (2) and (3), one (2) placed at the front at the level of the motors (14) and (1 5) housing the pilots, the other (3) placed in the center of the aircraft housing the passengers and pivoting inside either a sphere or a cylinder (83), either of any volume, as desired by the manufacturer, to produce the floor (50) of this cabin (3) which may be either rounded or rectangular, in the latter case, the front surface is slightly enlarged compared to a sphere but the floor area is larger. The aircraft rests on the ground by four suspension feet (69), (70). (71) and (72) based on the base (55) and on another base (551) in the form of a cross by means of reinforcements (67) and (68). Each leg has a flap (77). (78), (79) and (80) which will make it possible to control the three axes: - the pitch axis by acting on the flaps (77) and (78) walking together, the yaw axis by acting on the flaps (79) and (80) walking together, - the roll axis by acting on the flaps (77), (78), (79) and (80) either on one side or

l'autre suivant le sens de rotation désiré.  the other according to the desired direction of rotation.

Les volets (77), (78), (79) et (80) commandés par des vérins (74) et (75) placés dans la  The flaps (77), (78), (79) and (80) controlled by jacks (74) and (75) placed in the

queue (76) de l'aéronef pivotent autour de leur axe (81) et (82).  tail (76) of the aircraft pivot about their axis (81) and (82).

On remarque l'escalier (97) intérieur et extérieur partant du plancher (50) de la cabine (3) et s'élevant jusqu'à la limite du volume de rotation de cette cabine (3), et son prolongement par un autre espace (98) en bordure de la cabine (2). ce qui permet aux pilotes, pour les appareils de grande capacité, d'accéder à leur cabine (2) par l'intérieur  Note the interior and exterior stairs (97) starting from the floor (50) of the cabin (3) and rising to the limit of the volume of rotation of this cabin (3), and its extension by another space (98) at the edge of the cabin (2). which allows pilots, for large capacity aircraft, to access their cabin (2) from the inside

de l'aéronef, bien que celle-ci (2) soit verticale.  of the aircraft, although the latter (2) is vertical.

Le fonctionnement de l'aéronef est le suivant: Le pilote met en route les moteurs (14) et (15) en annulant le pas des hélices (12) et (13). Il accélère les moteurs (14) et (15) jusqu'à la vitesse de rotation prévue pour le décollage et commande l'augmentation du pas des hélices (12) et (13) jusqu'au décollage. Le gyroscope (27) fournit au pilote une assistance pour conserver la verticalité de l'aéronef Pour atterrir le pilote pourra soit réduire le pas des hélices (12) et (13) soit la vitesse  The operation of the aircraft is as follows: The pilot starts the motors (14) and (15) by canceling the pitch of the propellers (12) and (13). It accelerates the motors (14) and (15) to the rotational speed provided for takeoff and controls the increase in the pitch of the propellers (12) and (13) until takeoff. The gyroscope (27) provides the pilot with assistance in retaining the verticality of the aircraft. To land the pilot may either reduce the pitch of the propellers (12) and (13) or the speed

des moteurs (14) et (15) après avoir placé le convertible vertical.  motors (14) and (15) after placing the vertical convertible.

La figure 2 est une vue en perspective de l'aéronef avec ses quatre pieds de suspension.  Figure 2 is a perspective view of the aircraft with its four suspension feet.

Nous retrouvons les principaux éléments: - chaque moteur (14) et (15), fixé entre les ailes (8) et (9), entrainant les hélices (12) et (13), - la cabine (2) des pilotes pouvant être confondue avec la cabine (3) des passagers pour les petits convertibles,  We find the main elements: - each engine (14) and (15), fixed between the wings (8) and (9), driving the propellers (12) and (13), - the cabin (2) of the pilots can be combined with the passenger cabin (3) for small convertibles,

- la croix de direction formant supports des pieds d'atterrissage (69), (70), (71) et (72).  - the steering cross forming supports for the landing feet (69), (70), (71) and (72).

A chaque pied correspond un volet (77), (78), (79) et (80) pivotant autour de son axe (81) et (82) et commandé par des vérins (74) et (75), ces volets (77). (78), (79) et (80) servant à diriger le convertible en maîtrisant les trois axes de pivotement de l'aéronef et étant commandés soit par le pilote, soit par un système de commandes électriques de vol. On remarque le renfort (99) qui soutient le pied de suspension (70) qui n'a pas été  Each leg corresponds to a flap (77), (78), (79) and (80) pivoting about its axis (81) and (82) and controlled by jacks (74) and (75), these flaps (77 ). (78), (79) and (80) used to steer the convertible while controlling the three pivot axes of the aircraft and being controlled either by the pilot or by an electrical flight control system. Note the reinforcement (99) which supports the suspension foot (70) which has not been

dessiné sur les autres pieds pour une meilleure visibilité.  drawn on the other feet for better visibility.

Dans cette figure 2, on a représente que deux ailes (8) et (9) portant chacune un moteur (14) et (15). On pourrait également disposer de quatre ailes avec les moteurs entre les ailes sans pour cela sortir du cadre de l'invention. La figure 3 est une vue en perspective de l'aéronef comportant trois pieds de suspension. L'aéronef ne comporte que trois pieds de suspension (69), (70). (71) et trois volets de direction (77), (78), (79) permettant de contrôler les trois axes de direction: - l'axe de tangage en agissant sur les volets (77) et (79), - I'axe de lacet en agissant sur le volet (78), - l'axe de roulis en agissant sur les volets (77), (78) et (79) soit d'un coté. soit de l'autre  In this figure 2, we have shown that two wings (8) and (9) each carrying a motor (14) and (15). We could also have four wings with the motors between the wings without departing from the scope of the invention. Figure 3 is a perspective view of the aircraft having three feet of suspension. The aircraft has only three suspension feet (69), (70). (71) and three steering flaps (77), (78), (79) making it possible to control the three steering axes: - the pitch axis by acting on the flaps (77) and (79), - I ' yaw axis by acting on the flap (78), - the roll axis by acting on the flaps (77), (78) and (79) either on one side. either of the other

suivant le sens de rotation désiré.  according to the desired direction of rotation.

On remarque que le pied de suspension (70) et son volet de direction (78) doit être  Note that the suspension foot (70) and its steering flap (78) must be

vertical lorsque l'aéronef est horizontal.  vertical when the aircraft is horizontal.

Bien entendu les hélices (12) et (13) de l'aéronef peuvent être soit contrarotatives si les arbres-moteurs sont centrés sur le même axe (cas de la figure 1) soit simples et séparees  Of course the propellers (12) and (13) of the aircraft can be either counter-rotating if the motor shafts are centered on the same axis (case of FIG. 1) or simple and separate

entraînées par deux moteurs symétriques (cas de la figure 2).  driven by two symmetrical motors (case of Figure 2).

On remarque que l'on pourra installer une pièce avec des toilettes au niveau de la cabine (2) des pilotes qui ne sera accessible que lorsque l'aéronef sera en position  Note that we can install a room with toilets at the level of the pilot cabin (2) which will only be accessible when the aircraft is in position

sensiblement horizontale pour les aéronefs de grande capacité.  substantially horizontal for large capacity aircraft.

On remarque également que les pieds de suspension (69), (70), (71) et (72) peuvent comporter une assise se déployant pour l'atterrissage en augmentant la surface de contact de l'aéronef avec le sol, grâce à des vérins sans pour cela sortir du cadre de  It is also noted that the suspension feet (69), (70), (71) and (72) may include a seat which deploys for landing by increasing the contact surface of the aircraft with the ground, thanks to cylinders without departing from the scope of

l'invention.the invention.

Bien entendu l'aéronef pourrait ne pas avoir de pilote mais un système automatique ce  Of course the aircraft may not have a pilot but an automatic system that

qui permettrait la réalisation d'un drône sans pour cela sortir du cadre de l'invention.  which would allow the realization of a drone without departing from the scope of the invention.

-4--4-

Claims (4)

REVENDICATIONS 1 - Aéronef à décollage et atterrissage vertical possédant une cabine (3) de passagers demeurant horizontale quel que soit l'angle d'inclinaison de l'appareil. caractérisé en ce que les pieds de suspension (69), (70), (71) et (72) en contact avec le sol sont supportés chacun par une poutre portant un volet de direction (77), (78!. (79) et (80) pivotant autour d'un axe perpendiculaire à l'axe de l'aéronef et situé dans le prolongement  1 - Takeoff and vertical landing aircraft having a passenger cabin (3) remaining horizontal regardless of the angle of inclination of the aircraft. characterized in that the suspension feet (69), (70), (71) and (72) in contact with the ground are each supported by a beam carrying a steering flap (77), (78 !. (79) and (80) pivoting about an axis perpendicular to the axis of the aircraft and located in the extension vertical de la poutre, l'aéronef étant vertical.  vertical of the beam, the aircraft being vertical. 2 - Aéronef à décollage et atterrissage vertical confonrne à la première revendication caractérisé en ce que l'aéronef comporte quatre pieds de suspension (69), (70), (71) et (72) en contact avec le sol et donc quatre poutres et quatre volets de direction (77), (78), (79) et (80) en forme de croix, les deux volets (79) et (80) contrôlant l'axe de lacet étant verticaux lorsque l'aéronef vole horizontalement, les deux autres volets (77) et (78) contrôlant l'axe de tangage étant perpendiculaires aux volets (79) et (80) contrôlant  2 - aircraft taking off and vertical landing as in the first claim characterized in that the aircraft comprises four suspension feet (69), (70), (71) and (72) in contact with the ground and therefore four beams and four steering flaps (77), (78), (79) and (80) in the shape of a cross, the two flaps (79) and (80) controlling the yaw axis being vertical when the aircraft is flying horizontally, the two other flaps (77) and (78) controlling the pitch axis being perpendicular to the flaps (79) and (80) controlling l'axe de lacet.the yaw axis. 3 - Aéronef à décollage et atterrissage vertical conforme à la première revendication caractérisé en ce que l'aéronef comporte trois pieds de suspension (69), (70) et (71) en contact avec le sol et donc trois poutres et trois volets de direction (77). (78) et (79), le volet (78) contrôlant l'axe de lacet étant placé verticalement lorsque l'aéronef vole horizontalement. 4 - Aéronef à décollage et atterrissage vertical contforme à la première revendication caractérisé en ce que les volets (77), (78), (79) et (80) sont commandés soit par le pilote soit par un système de commandes électriques de vol grâce à des vérins (74) et (75)  3 - Takeoff and vertical landing aircraft according to the first claim characterized in that the aircraft comprises three suspension feet (69), (70) and (71) in contact with the ground and therefore three beams and three steering flaps (77). (78) and (79), the flap (78) controlling the yaw axis being placed vertically when the aircraft flies horizontally. 4 - Aircraft taking off and vertical landing conforms to the first claim characterized in that the flaps (77), (78), (79) and (80) are controlled either by the pilot or by an electrical flight control system thanks to cylinders (74) and (75) positionnes dans la queue (76) de l'aéronef et pivotant autour de leur axe (81) et (82).  positioned in the tail (76) of the aircraft and pivoting about their axis (81) and (82). - Aéronef à décollage et atterrissage vertical confonne aux deux premières  - Take-off and vertical landing aircraft gives the first two revendications caractérisé en ce que la cabine (3) des passagers pivote à l'intérieur d'un  claims characterized in that the passenger cabin (3) pivots inside a volume pouvant être soit une sphère, soit un cylindre (83). soit un volume quelconque.  volume can be either a sphere or a cylinder (83). either any volume. 6 - Aéronef à décollage et atterrissage vertical conforme aux deux premières  6 - Takeoff and vertical landing aircraft conforming to the first two revendications caractérisé en ce que la cabine (3) des passagers pour les appareils de  claims characterized in that the passenger cabin (3) for the grande capacité comporte un escalier (97) intérieur et extérieur partant du plancher (50) de cette cabine (3) et s'élevant jusqu'à la limite du volume de rotation de cette cabine (3) et se prolongeant par un autre espace (98) en bordure de la cabine (2) pour  large capacity comprises an internal and external staircase (97) starting from the floor (50) of this cabin (3) and rising up to the limit of the volume of rotation of this cabin (3) and extending by another space ( 98) at the edge of the cabin (2) for permettre aux pilotes d'accéder par l'intérieur de l'aéronef à leur cabine (2)-  allow pilots to access their cabin from inside the aircraft (2) -
FR9706211A 1996-09-19 1997-05-15 IMPROVEMENT OF A VERTICAL TAKE OFF AIRCRAFT Expired - Fee Related FR2763310B1 (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9706211A FR2763310B1 (en) 1997-05-15 1997-05-15 IMPROVEMENT OF A VERTICAL TAKE OFF AIRCRAFT
AU43879/97A AU4387997A (en) 1996-09-19 1997-09-19 Aircraft with vertical take-off and landing
PCT/FR1997/001655 WO1998012106A1 (en) 1996-09-19 1997-09-19 Aircraft with vertical take-off and landing

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9706211A FR2763310B1 (en) 1997-05-15 1997-05-15 IMPROVEMENT OF A VERTICAL TAKE OFF AIRCRAFT

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FR2763310A1 true FR2763310A1 (en) 1998-11-20
FR2763310B1 FR2763310B1 (en) 1999-08-13

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2942455A1 (en) * 2010-04-13 2010-08-27 Joseph Emile Martin Vertical take-off and landing aircraft i.e. altitude rotating dual-fan orthostatic convertible, securing device, has depth flaps provided at end of pylons, and yawing and airbrake flaps provided in trailing edge of wing

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1180818A (en) * 1957-08-05 1959-06-09 Improvements made to vertical take-off and landing aerodynes, in particular those with annular wings
FR1475842A (en) * 1966-02-21 1967-04-07 New helicopter device having in horizontal flight the characteristics of an airplane
FR2619354A1 (en) * 1987-08-11 1989-02-17 Bernadat Georges Vertical take-off and landing aircraft
US5289994A (en) * 1989-10-10 1994-03-01 Juan Del Campo Aguilera Equipment carrying remote controlled aircraft
US5474260A (en) * 1993-01-15 1995-12-12 Deutsche Aerospace Airbus Gmbh Aircraft construction including a passenger comfort facility

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1180818A (en) * 1957-08-05 1959-06-09 Improvements made to vertical take-off and landing aerodynes, in particular those with annular wings
FR1475842A (en) * 1966-02-21 1967-04-07 New helicopter device having in horizontal flight the characteristics of an airplane
FR2619354A1 (en) * 1987-08-11 1989-02-17 Bernadat Georges Vertical take-off and landing aircraft
US5289994A (en) * 1989-10-10 1994-03-01 Juan Del Campo Aguilera Equipment carrying remote controlled aircraft
US5474260A (en) * 1993-01-15 1995-12-12 Deutsche Aerospace Airbus Gmbh Aircraft construction including a passenger comfort facility

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2942455A1 (en) * 2010-04-13 2010-08-27 Joseph Emile Martin Vertical take-off and landing aircraft i.e. altitude rotating dual-fan orthostatic convertible, securing device, has depth flaps provided at end of pylons, and yawing and airbrake flaps provided in trailing edge of wing

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FR2763310B1 (en) 1999-08-13

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