FR2738936A1 - Control and management system for electricity production by solar cell arrays in remote areas - Google Patents
Control and management system for electricity production by solar cell arrays in remote areas Download PDFInfo
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- FR2738936A1 FR2738936A1 FR9511238A FR9511238A FR2738936A1 FR 2738936 A1 FR2738936 A1 FR 2738936A1 FR 9511238 A FR9511238 A FR 9511238A FR 9511238 A FR9511238 A FR 9511238A FR 2738936 A1 FR2738936 A1 FR 2738936A1
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- electrical energy
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- management device
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q20/00—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols
- G06Q20/08—Payment architectures
- G06Q20/12—Payment architectures specially adapted for electronic shopping systems
- G06Q20/127—Shopping or accessing services according to a time-limitation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07F—COIN-FREED OR LIKE APPARATUS
- G07F15/00—Coin-freed apparatus with meter-controlled dispensing of liquid, gas or electricity
- G07F15/003—Coin-freed apparatus with meter-controlled dispensing of liquid, gas or electricity for electricity
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- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07F—COIN-FREED OR LIKE APPARATUS
- G07F17/00—Coin-freed apparatus for hiring articles; Coin-freed facilities or services
- G07F17/0014—Coin-freed apparatus for hiring articles; Coin-freed facilities or services for vending, access and use of specific services not covered anywhere else in G07F17/00
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
- H02J13/00004—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by the power network being locally controlled
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
- H02J13/00006—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment
- H02J13/00016—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment using a wired telecommunication network or a data transmission bus
- H02J13/00018—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment using a wired telecommunication network or a data transmission bus using phone lines
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/12—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load
- H02J3/14—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load by switching loads on to, or off from, network, e.g. progressively balanced loading
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
- H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
- H02J2300/22—The renewable source being solar energy
- H02J2300/24—The renewable source being solar energy of photovoltaic origin
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
- H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
- H02J2300/28—The renewable source being wind energy
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2310/00—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load
- H02J2310/50—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load for selectively controlling the operation of the loads
- H02J2310/56—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load for selectively controlling the operation of the loads characterised by the condition upon which the selective controlling is based
- H02J2310/58—The condition being electrical
- H02J2310/60—Limiting power consumption in the network or in one section of the network, e.g. load shedding or peak shaving
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2310/00—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load
- H02J2310/50—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load for selectively controlling the operation of the loads
- H02J2310/56—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load for selectively controlling the operation of the loads characterised by the condition upon which the selective controlling is based
- H02J2310/62—The condition being non-electrical, e.g. temperature
- H02J2310/64—The condition being economic, e.g. tariff based load management
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
- Y02B70/30—Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for improving the carbon footprint of the management of residential or tertiary loads, i.e. smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the buildings sector, including also the last stages of power distribution and the control, monitoring or operating management systems at local level
- Y02B70/3225—Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/70—Smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the energy generation sector
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S20/00—Management or operation of end-user stationary applications or the last stages of power distribution; Controlling, monitoring or operating thereof
- Y04S20/20—End-user application control systems
- Y04S20/222—Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S40/00—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them
- Y04S40/12—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them characterised by data transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated electrical equipment
- Y04S40/124—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them characterised by data transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated electrical equipment using wired telecommunication networks or data transmission busses
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S50/00—Market activities related to the operation of systems integrating technologies related to power network operation or related to communication or information technologies
- Y04S50/10—Energy trading, including energy flowing from end-user application to grid
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S50/00—Market activities related to the operation of systems integrating technologies related to power network operation or related to communication or information technologies
- Y04S50/12—Billing, invoicing, buying or selling transactions or other related activities, e.g. cost or usage evaluation
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Accounting & Taxation (AREA)
- Finance (AREA)
- Strategic Management (AREA)
- General Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
Description
DISPOSITIF POUR LA GESTION D'UNE INSTALLATION DE
PRODUCTION D'ENERGIE ELECTRIOUE
L'invention concerne un dispositif destiné à être associé à une installation de production d'énergie électrique, telle que notamment une installation utilisant en tant que générateurs des modules photo-voltaï- ques qui, de manière connue, transforment directement le rayonnement solaire en électricité, susceptibles d'être stockés dans une ou plusieurs batteries, ou d'être immédiatement utilisée par un récepteur, après un éventuel traitement. Mais elle concerne également des installations électriques dont le générateur est constitué par l'énergie éolienne, voire hydraulique et plus spécifiquement micro-hydraulique, bref par toute source d'énergie échappant au réseau domestique ou industriel.DEVICE FOR MANAGING A PLANT
ELECTRIC POWER GENERATION
The invention relates to a device intended to be associated with an installation for producing electrical energy, such as in particular an installation using as generators photovoltaic modules which, in known manner, directly transform solar radiation into electricity , likely to be stored in one or more batteries, or to be immediately used by a receiver, after a possible treatment. However, it also relates to electrical installations, the generator of which is made up of wind, or even hydraulic and more specifically micro-hydraulic energy, in short by any source of energy escaping the domestic or industrial network.
Ces installations de production d'énergie électrique d'un type en soi assez particulier, sont le plus souvent utilisées dans des zones isolées, à faible densité de population, telles que par exemple les zones semi-désertiques, les zones de montagne, c'est-à-dire des lieux où la distribution d'énergie par le réseau public est soit impossible soit non rentable. These electrical energy production installations of a type which are quite specific in themselves, are most often used in isolated areas, with low population density, such as for example semi-desert areas, mountain areas, etc. that is to say places where the distribution of energy by the public network is either impossible or unprofitable.
Par ailleurs, compte-tenu de l'absence de réseau public, cette fourniture d'énergie électrique est souvent considérée comme "gratuite" par l'utilisateur qui de fait, ne tient pas compte tant des frais de maintenance, d'entretien, que de remplacement des éventuels organes de stockage, que son utilisation engendre. Furthermore, given the absence of a public network, this supply of electrical energy is often considered "free" by the user, who in fact does not take into account both maintenance and upkeep costs, as replacement of any storage devices, that its use generates.
Il est donc nécessaire de mieux contrôler l'utilisation de telles installations de production d'énergie électrique en obligeant l'utilisateur à participer à son coût d'entretien et de maintenance, notamment en fonction soit de sa consommation effective, soit de la durée d'utilisation de l'installation, soit selon une peréquation de ces deux données. Par ailleurs, compte-tenu de la périodicité relativement grande entre chaque visite de maintenance, il apparaît important que le fonctionnement de l'installation soit bien géré pour éviter les risques d'altération par une utilisation trop prolongée ou par le fonctionnement dans des conditions climatiques notamment, risquant de détériorer l'installation. It is therefore necessary to better control the use of such electrical energy production installations by obliging the user to contribute to its cost of upkeep and maintenance, in particular as a function of either its actual consumption or the duration of 'use of the facility, either according to an equalization of these two data. Furthermore, given the relatively large periodicity between each maintenance visit, it seems important that the operation of the installation is well managed to avoid the risk of alteration by too prolonged use or by operation in climatic conditions. in particular, risking damaging the installation.
On a donc proposé dans le document FR-A-2 689 333 du Demandeur, d'adjoindre à de telles installations un ensemble régulateur et enregistreur, susceptible d'introduire une fonction de péage dans le cadre de leur utilisation. Pour ce faire, il est adjoint à l'installation un régulateur monté d'une part sur le circuit électrique de charge, et d'autre part sur le circuit électrique d'utilisation, susceptible d'enregistrer un certain nombre de paramètres liés au fonctionnement de l'installation, et de traiter ces paramètres, de telle sorte à quantifier l'utilisation de ladite installation en termes de durée de fonctionnement ou de quantité d'énergie électrique utilisée. It has therefore been proposed in document FR-A-2 689 333 of the Applicant, to add to such installations a regulator and recorder assembly, capable of introducing a toll function in the context of their use. To do this, there is added to the installation a regulator mounted on the one hand on the electrical charging circuit, and on the other hand on the electrical circuit of use, capable of recording a certain number of parameters related to the operation. of the installation, and to process these parameters, so as to quantify the use of said installation in terms of operating time or quantity of electrical energy used.
Selon une caractéristique avantageuse de ce document, ce régulateur fonctionne avec un enregistreur susceptible de décrémenter un compteur en fonction de l'importance de l'utilisation de l'installation, et susceptible d'émettre vers le régulateur un ordre de coupure du circuit d'utilisation lorsqu'un crédit de consommation prédéterminé est épuisé. Cet enregistreur est susceptible de se présenter sous la forme d'un boitier débrochable, susceptible d'être retiré et remplacé par un autre boitier similaire lorsque ledit crédit de consommation est épuisé. De fait, l'utilisateur est à même de changer le boitier ou de réincrémenter son crédit en s'acquittant de la redevance prescrite auprès de l'organisme assurant la maintenance de l'installation. Cela suppose donc soit un déplacement de l'utilisateur vers le lieu d'implantation dudit organisme, soit un déplacement d'un agent dudit organisme jusqu'au lieu d'implantation de l'installation avec le matériel permettant de réincrémenter un boîtier, soit l'achat de plu sieurs boitiers d'avance lors de la visite desdits services, donc un manque évident de souplesse en termes de fonctionnement de l'installation. According to an advantageous characteristic of this document, this regulator operates with a recorder capable of decrementing a counter according to the importance of the use of the installation, and capable of issuing to the regulator an order to cut the circuit of use when a predetermined consumption credit has been used up. This recorder is capable of being in the form of a withdrawable box, capable of being removed and replaced by another similar box when said consumption credit is exhausted. In fact, the user is able to change the box or to reincrement his credit by paying the prescribed fee to the organization ensuring the maintenance of the installation. This therefore supposes either a displacement of the user towards the place of implantation of said organism, or a displacement of an agent of said organism to the place of implantation of the installation with the material making it possible to re-increment a box, or 'purchase of several boxes in advance when visiting the said services, therefore an obvious lack of flexibility in terms of operation of the installation.
La présente invention a donc pour but d'assouplir les moyens nécessaires au paiement de la redevance correspondant à la quantité d'énergie utilisée et/ou à la durée de fonctionnement de ladite installation, sans pour autant nécessiter le déplacement de l'utilisateur ou sans attendre la visite du service de maintenance de l'installation, mais également sans nécessiter de déplacement de matériel : boîtier à échanger, matériel permettant de réincrémenter ledit boîtier sur site, et sans opération de connexion ou de déconnexion de matériel. I1 convient en effet de rappeler que de telles installations sont fréquemment situées dans des zones isolées ou difficiles d'accès, où tout déplacement implique une perte de temps importante et doit être justifié par des raisons valables. The aim of the present invention is therefore to make the means necessary for the payment of the fee corresponding to the amount of energy used and / or the operating time of said installation more flexible, without however requiring the movement of the user or without wait for the visit of the installation maintenance service, but also without requiring the movement of equipment: unit to be exchanged, equipment allowing to reincrement said unit on site, and without any connection or disconnection of equipment. It should indeed be recalled that such installations are frequently located in isolated or difficult to access areas, where any movement involves a significant loss of time and must be justified by valid reasons.
Ce dispositif de gestion pour une installation de production d'énergie électrique, comprend
- au moins un générateur d'énergie électrique,
- un circuit électrique d'utilisation;
- un régulateur, monté sur le circuit électrique d'utilisation, et susceptible d'ouvrir ou de fermer ledit circuit en fonction d'une part de paramètres relatifs au fonctionnement de l'installation et représentatifs de la quantité d'énergie électrique utilisée et/ou de la durée de fonctionnement de l'installation, et d'autre part de critères stockés dans une mémoire associée, eux-mêmes susceptibles de se traduire par une valeur déterminée de ces grandeurs.This management device for an installation for producing electrical energy, comprises
- at least one generator of electrical energy,
- an electrical use circuit;
a regulator, mounted on the electrical circuit for use, and capable of opening or closing said circuit as a function of parameters relating to the operation of the installation and representative of the quantity of electrical energy used and / or of the duration of operation of the installation, and on the other hand of criteria stored in an associated memory, themselves liable to be expressed by a determined value of these quantities.
I1 se caractérise en ce qu'au régulateur, est associé un organe périphérique destiné à recevoir une information susceptible d'être traitée par ledit régulateur, et susceptible de modifier les critères de fonctionnement dudit régulateur. I1 is characterized in that the regulator is associated with a peripheral member intended to receive information capable of being processed by said regulator, and capable of modifying the operating criteria of said regulator.
En d'autres termes, l'invention consiste à adjoindre à l'installation un organe périphérique susceptible de permettre l'introduction, notamment par l'utilisateur, d'une donnée modifiant les paramètres de fonctionnement gérant le régulateur, et notamment susceptible d'incrémenter de manière instantanée le crédit d'unité de fonctionnement de l'installation, ces unités de fonctionnement se traduisant par une durée de fonctionnement de l'installation ou par une quantité d'énergie électrique produite ou utilisée. In other words, the invention consists in adding to the installation a peripheral member capable of allowing the introduction, in particular by the user, of data modifying the operating parameters managing the regulator, and in particular capable of instantaneously increment the credit for the operating unit of the installation, these operating units resulting in an operating time of the installation or in an amount of electrical energy produced or used.
L'information introduite par le périphérique se présente généralement sous forme codée, et notamment sous forme d'une donnée numérique ou alpha-numérique susceptible d'être décodée par le régulateur, muni d'un algorithme de décodage ou de décryptage adapté. The information entered by the peripheral is generally in coded form, and in particular in the form of digital or alpha-digital data capable of being decoded by the regulator, provided with a suitable decoding or decryption algorithm.
Cet organe périphérique est par exemple constitué d'un clavier avantageusement muni d'un écran, l'écran étant alors susceptible d'afficher certaines données propres à l'utilisation de l'installation, et notamment le crédit restant, le contrôle du bon fonctionnement de l'installation, etc. . Ainsi, à chacune des installations, est attribué un premier code d'identification spécifique, propre à l'installation, que l'utilisateur transmet avec son règlement à l'organisme chargé de la maintenance. Cet organisme est muni d'un terminal chargé avec un algorithme susceptible de traiter le code d'identification, et qui, en fonction du montant du versement, délivre l'information ou la donnée codée, devant être introduite au niveau du périphérique de l'installation considérée, et reconnaissable et traitable par le régulateur de celle-ci et seulement de celle-ci, de telle sorte à incrémenter le crédit d'utilisation de l'installation d'un nombre d'unités fonction du versement opéré. This peripheral member is for example constituted by a keyboard advantageously provided with a screen, the screen then being capable of displaying certain data specific to the use of the installation, and in particular the remaining credit, the control of the proper functioning installation, etc. . Thus, each installation is assigned a first specific identification code, specific to the installation, which the user transmits with his regulations to the body responsible for maintenance. This organization is equipped with a terminal loaded with an algorithm capable of processing the identification code, and which, depending on the amount of the payment, delivers the information or coded data, to be entered at the device of the installation considered, and recognizable and treatable by the regulator thereof and only thereof, so as to increment the credit for using the installation by a number of units depending on the payment made.
Dans une première forme de réalisation de l'invention, l'installation comporte au moins un organe de stockage, typiquement constitué par une batterie, relié au générateur par un circuit de charge, ledit organe étant reliable à au moins un récepteur électrique par un circuit d'utilisation, le régulateur agissant alors tant au niveau du circuit de charge que du circuit d'utilisation. In a first embodiment of the invention, the installation comprises at least one storage member, typically consisting of a battery, connected to the generator by a charging circuit, said member being connectable to at least one electrical receiver by a circuit of use, the regulator then acting both on the charge circuit and on the use circuit.
Dans une autre forme de réalisation de l'invention, dans laquelle l'énergie électrique issue du générateur électrique est directement utilisée par l'utilisateur, par exemple au niveau d'une station de pompage, le régulateur intervient au niveau d'un onduleur, destiné, de manière connue, à convertir le courant électrique continu délivré par le générateur en courant alternatif, le principe de fonctionnement du régulateur demeurant le même. In another embodiment of the invention, in which the electrical energy coming from the electric generator is directly used by the user, for example at a pumping station, the regulator intervenes at an inverter, intended, in known manner, to convert the direct electric current delivered by the generator into alternating current, the operating principle of the regulator remaining the same.
La manière dont l'invention peut être réalisée et les avantages qui en découlent, ressortiront mieux des exemples de réalisation qui suivent, donnés à titre indicatif et non limitatif, à l'appui des figures annexées. The manner in which the invention can be implemented and the advantages which ensue therefrom will emerge more clearly from the following exemplary embodiments, given by way of non-limiting example, in support of the appended figures.
La figure 1 est une représentation schématique d'un synoptique d'une installation de production et de stockage d'énergie électrique à modules photovoltaïques conformément à l'invention. Figure 1 is a schematic representation of a block diagram of an installation for producing and storing electrical energy with photovoltaic modules according to the invention.
La figure 2 est une représentation schématique d'un synoptique du fonctionnement d'une installation de pompage conforme à l'invention, mettant en oeuvre un onduleur. Figure 2 is a schematic representation of a block diagram of the operation of a pumping installation according to the invention, using an inverter.
On a représenté sur la figure 1 le synoptique d'une installation de production et de stockage d'énergie électrique. Cette installation comporte fondamentalement des panneaux ou modules photovoltaïques (1), transformant, de manière connue, le rayonnement solaire (2) en électricité, l'électricité ainsi générée étant stockée par l'intermédiaire d'un circuit de charge (7) dans une batterie (4), permettant également de manière con nue, de restituer au moment souhaité cette énergie électrique par l'intermédiaire d'un circuit d'utilisation (9) dans un récepteur électrique (3). Le circuit de charge (7) comporte un interrupteur (6) susceptible de protéger la batterie (4) contre une éventuelle surcharge. Parallèlement, le circuit d'utilisation (9) comporte également un interrupteur (8) protégeant la batterie (4) contre la décharge. Ainsi, l'état de charge de la batterie de stockage (4) peut être maintenue entre des valeurs limites déterminées; cet état de charge de la batterie peut notamment être évalué par sa tension
U.FIG. 1 shows the block diagram of an installation for producing and storing electrical energy. This installation basically comprises photovoltaic panels or modules (1), transforming, in known manner, the solar radiation (2) into electricity, the electricity thus generated being stored via a charging circuit (7) in a battery (4), also making it possible, in a known manner, to restore this electrical energy at the desired time by means of a use circuit (9) in an electrical receiver (3). The charging circuit (7) includes a switch (6) capable of protecting the battery (4) against possible overcharging. In parallel, the operating circuit (9) also includes a switch (8) protecting the battery (4) against discharge. Thus, the state of charge of the storage battery (4) can be maintained between determined limit values; this state of charge of the battery can in particular be evaluated by its voltage
U.
Afin de contrôler le fonctionnement de l'installation, et plus précisément afin de quantifier ce fonctionnement, le circuit de charge (7) et le circuit d'utilisation (9) comportent chacun un organe de mesure de courant, typiquement constitué par un ampèremètre, susceptible de déterminer l'intensité Ic et Iu parcourant respectivement les circuits de charge (7) et d'utilisation (9). De la même manière, un organe non représenté mesure en permanence la tension U aux bornes de la batterie (4) et la température T de celle-ci. In order to control the operation of the installation, and more precisely in order to quantify this operation, the charging circuit (7) and the operating circuit (9) each comprise a current measurement member, typically consisting of an ammeter, capable of determining the intensity Ic and Iu respectively traversing the charge (7) and use (9) circuits. In the same way, a member (not shown) continuously measures the voltage U at the terminals of the battery (4) and the temperature T of the latter.
Ces quatre paramètres de fonctionnement Ic, Iu, U et T sont en permanence acheminés à un enregistreur (12), comportant un microprocesseur et un certain nombre de mémoires, le microprocesseur incluant une horloge interne. Cet enregistreur (12) est destiné à agir sur le régulateur (5) constitué des interrupteurs (6) et (8), intervenant respectivement au niveau des circuits de charge (7) et d'utilisation (9). On peut cependant concevoir qu'un tel enregistreur peut être intégré au niveau du régulateur (5) sans pour autant se départir de l'esprit de l'invention. These four operating parameters Ic, Iu, U and T are permanently sent to a recorder (12), comprising a microprocessor and a certain number of memories, the microprocessor including an internal clock. This recorder (12) is intended to act on the regulator (5) constituted by the switches (6) and (8), intervening respectively at the level of the charge (7) and use (9) circuits. It is however conceivable that such a recorder can be integrated at the level of the regulator (5) without departing from the spirit of the invention.
A partir des paramètres acheminés au niveau de l'enregistreur (12), le microprocesseur qu'il comporte détermine par un calcul automatique l'état de charge de la batterie. n assure également le pilotage du régulateur (5), c'est-à-dire qu'il commande l'ouverture et la fermeture des interrupteurs (6) et (8) en fonction dudit état de charge calculé de la batterie de stockage. Parallèlement, le microprocesseur de l'enregistreur (12) détermine par intégration la quantité d'énergie fournie et surtout la quantité d'énergie consommée par l'utilisateur, notamment au niveau du récepteur (3). Par ailleurs, l'horloge interne du microprocesseur permet de déterminer la durée d'utilisation des batteries de stockage. Cette durée d'utilisation et la consommation d'énergie mesurées par le microprocesseur sont intégrés au niveau de compteurs associés déterminant un crédit de consommation susceptible d'être exprimé en nombre entier n d'unités correspondant à une peréquation entre la durée d'utilisation et la quantité d'énergie électrique consommée. Lorsque ce crédit alloué est épuisé, un ordre de coupure est transmis par la connexion du régulateur (5) ouvrant l'interrupteur (8), et susceptible d'induire l'éclairement d'un voyant lumineux associé par exemple à l'enregistreur, indiquant à l'utilisateur l'épuisement prochain de son crédit d'unités. From the parameters sent to the level of the recorder (12), the microprocessor which it comprises determines by an automatic calculation the state of charge of the battery. n also controls the regulator (5), that is to say that it controls the opening and closing of the switches (6) and (8) as a function of said calculated state of charge of the storage battery. In parallel, the microprocessor of the recorder (12) determines by integration the quantity of energy supplied and especially the quantity of energy consumed by the user, in particular at the level of the receiver (3). In addition, the internal clock of the microprocessor makes it possible to determine the duration of use of the storage batteries. This duration of use and the energy consumption measured by the microprocessor are integrated at the level of associated meters determining a consumption credit capable of being expressed in whole number n of units corresponding to an equalization between the duration of use and the amount of electrical energy consumed. When this allocated credit is used up, a cut-off order is transmitted by the connection of the regulator (5) opening the switch (8), and capable of inducing the lighting of an indicator light associated for example with the recorder, indicating to the user that his unit credit is about to run out.
Selon l'invention, un organe périphérique (15) est associé à l'enregistreur (12) et comporte un clavier, par exemple purement numérique, susceptible de permettre à l'utilisateur d'introduire un numéro ou une donnée, dans le cas d'espèce numérique. Cette donnée est traitée par le microprocesseur de l'enregistreur (12), afin d'une part, de reconnaître par un algorithme de décryptage, l'identification de l'installation considérée, et d'autre part, dans l'hypothèse où le numéro identifié après décryptage correspond bien à celui de l'installation considérée, d'incrémenter pour celle-ci les compteurs d'unité d'utilisation de l'installation fonction notamment d'un paiement effectué par l'utilisateur. According to the invention, a peripheral member (15) is associated with the recorder (12) and comprises a keyboard, for example purely digital, capable of allowing the user to enter a number or a data, in the case of 'digital species. This data is processed by the microprocessor of the recorder (12), in order, on the one hand, to recognize by a decryption algorithm, the identification of the installation considered, and on the other hand, in the event that the number identified after decryption corresponds well to that of the installation considered, to increment for it the unit usage counters of the installation function in particular of a payment made by the user.
Avantageusement, cet organe périphérique comprend également un écran (17) indiquant en permanence à l'utilisateur notamment le nombre d'unités d'utilisation restant. Avantageusement, cet écran peut également indiquer d'autres informations, telles que notamment certains paramètres de fonctionnement de l'installation ou des signaux de dysfonctionnement de l'installation. Advantageously, this peripheral member also comprises a screen (17) permanently indicating to the user in particular the number of units of use remaining. Advantageously, this screen can also indicate other information, such as in particular certain operating parameters of the installation or signals of malfunction of the installation.
De fait, l'organisme gérant la maintenance de ce type d'installations est pourvu d'un dispositif susceptible de générer un code à destination des utilisateurs, ce code étant fonction d'une part du numéro d'identification propre à chacune des installations, et d'autre part, d'une somme d'argent c'est-à-dire d'un versement effectué par l'utilisateur correspondant. Ainsi que déjà précisé, le microprocesseur de l'enregistreur ou du régulateur est lui-même apte, au moyen d'un algorithme à décoder cette information pour, d'une part reconnaître le numéro d'identification de l'installation considérée, et d'autre part, incrémenter le compteur intégré du nombre d'unités fonction de la somme effectivement versée. En d'autres termes, un utilisateur introduisant un autre code ne pourrait aboutir au fonctionnement de l'installation, et en tout état de cause, à l'incrémentation du compteur. In fact, the organization managing the maintenance of this type of installation is provided with a device capable of generating a code for users, this code being a function of the identification number specific to each installation, and on the other hand, a sum of money, that is to say a payment made by the corresponding user. As already specified, the microprocessor of the recorder or of the regulator is itself able, by means of an algorithm to decode this information in order, on the one hand to recognize the identification number of the installation considered, and d on the other hand, increment the integrated counter by the number of units depending on the amount actually paid. In other words, a user entering another code could not result in the operation of the installation, and in any case, in the incrementation of the counter.
Par ailleurs, un tiers, disposant également d'une installation similaire, et se procurant frauduleusement le code transmis par l'organisme gérant la maintenance de l'installation, ne pourrait davantage aboutir à l'incrémentation du compteur de sa propre installation, compte tenu que la génèse du code en question est fonction du numéro d'identification de l'installation considérée. De la sorte, le microprocesseur ne pourrait reconnaître le numéro d'identification affectée à l'installation concernée, et partant, ne pourrait procéder à l'incrémentation du compteur. In addition, a third party, also having a similar installation, and fraudulently obtaining the code transmitted by the organization managing the maintenance of the installation, could no longer lead to the incrementation of the counter of its own installation, taking into account that the genesis of the code in question depends on the identification number of the installation in question. In this way, the microprocessor could not recognize the identification number assigned to the installation concerned, and therefore could not increment the counter.
En outre, et afin d'éviter une réutilisation d'un code antérieur ayant permis l'incrémentation du compteur, l'organe périphérique ou le microprocesseur est muni d'un organe de stockage au niveau duquel sont stockés les codes successifs ayant permis l'incrémentation dudit compteur et qui, si après comparaison du code introduit, constate l'existence dudit code, le rejette afin d'interdire toute utilisation frauduleuse de l'installation par l'utilisateur lui-même. In addition, and in order to avoid re-use of an earlier code which has enabled the counter to be incremented, the peripheral member or the microprocessor is provided with a storage member at the level of which the successive codes having allowed the incrementing said counter and which, if after comparison of the code entered, finds the existence of said code, rejects it in order to prohibit any fraudulent use of the installation by the user himself.
Dans une variante, la composition du code cryptant l'information au niveau du terminal du service de maintenance, intègre également dans cette composition une donnée d'horodatage, interdisant de fait la génèse de deux codes identiques pour une même installation. In a variant, the composition of the code encrypting the information at the level of the maintenance service terminal, also includes in this composition a timestamp datum, effectively prohibiting the genesis of two identical codes for the same installation.
La transmission à l'utilisateur de la donnée à introduire au niveau du clavier de l'organe périphérique s'effectue par tous moyens connus, notamment par courrier, télécopie, téléphone, etc.. The transmission to the user of the data to be entered at the level of the keyboard of the peripheral member is carried out by any known means, in particular by mail, fax, telephone, etc.
Dans une autre forme de réalisation de l'invention, elle peut même éventuellement s'effectuer par transfert de données, par exemple, en utilisant le réseau téléphonique commuté. In another embodiment of the invention, it can even possibly be carried out by data transfer, for example, using the switched telephone network.
Dans une autre forme de réalisation de l'invention, plus particulièrement représentée à la figure 2, l'installation est par exemple une installation de pompage, alimentée en énergie électrique au moyen d'un ensemble de panneaux photovoltaïques (2) du type de ceux précédemment décrits. Un onduleur (20), tel que par exemple commercialisé sous la dénomination 'TSP 4000" par la société TOTAL ENERGIE, est relié auxdits capteurs et transforme le courant continu fourni par ceux-ci en courant alternatif, par exemple triphasé, alimentant un moteur électrique (22) actionnant une pompe (21). Dans une telle installation, il n'y a donc ni batterie, ni un quelconque organe de stockage d'énergie. In another embodiment of the invention, more particularly shown in FIG. 2, the installation is for example a pumping installation, supplied with electrical energy by means of a set of photovoltaic panels (2) of the type of those previously described. An inverter (20), such as for example marketed under the name "TSP 4000" by the company TOTAL ENERGIE, is connected to said sensors and transforms the direct current supplied by them into alternating current, for example three-phase, supplying an electric motor. (22) actuating a pump (21) In such an installation, there is therefore neither battery nor any energy storage member.
La fonction de péage ne peut donc s'effectuer qu'au niveau de l'onduleur. Pour ce faire, des capteurs internes à l'onduleur sont mis en place afin de permettre le pilotage et la protection de l'onduleur proprement dit. Ce sont des capteurs de tension, de courant et de température interne à l'onduleur. En outre, l'onduleur (20) comporte un microprocesseur assurant la gestion de l'ensemble de l'installation, ainsi qu'une carte interface, transformant les signaux analogiques issus des capteurs en signaux numériques exploitables par ledit microprocesseur. ll comporte également une carte de mémorisation, destinée à enregistrer les informations pertinentes. Outre les informations destinées à permettre d'assurer le suivi et la maintenance de l'installation, l'onduleur est programmé pour une durée de fonctionnement et/ou pour une quantité d'énergie électrique fournie déterminée, voire pour une peréquation des deux. Tout comme dans l'exemple précédent, la valeur de ces paramètres sont intégrés au niveau de compteurs associés déterminant un crédit de consommation susceptible d'être exprimé en nombre entier n d'unités correspondant, par exemple, à une peréquation entre la durée d'utilisation et la quantité d'énergie électrique consommée. The toll function can therefore only be carried out at the level of the inverter. To do this, sensors internal to the inverter are installed to allow control and protection of the inverter itself. These are voltage, current and internal temperature sensors in the inverter. In addition, the inverter (20) includes a microprocessor ensuring the management of the entire installation, as well as an interface card, transforming the analog signals from the sensors into digital signals that can be used by said microprocessor. It also includes a memory card, intended to record the relevant information. In addition to the information intended to enable monitoring and maintenance of the installation, the inverter is programmed for a period of operation and / or for a given quantity of electrical energy supplied, or even for an equalization of the two. As in the previous example, the value of these parameters are integrated at the level of associated counters determining a consumption credit capable of being expressed as an integer n of units corresponding, for example, to an equalization between the duration of usage and amount of electrical energy consumed.
Le microprocesseur est paramétré pour induire l'arrêt du fonctionnement de l'onduleur, en fonction des paramètres rappelés cidessus, et notamment à l'épuisement du crédit alloué. Le redémarrage de l'onduleur, et donc des pompes, ne peut s'effectuer qu'après paiement d'une somme, permettant d'incrémenter ledit compteur. L'utilisateur est avantageusement prévenu de l'imminence de l'épuisement du crédit soit par des voyants lumineux, soit par tout autre moyen visuel. The microprocessor is configured to induce the stop of the operation of the inverter, according to the parameters recalled above, and in particular to the exhaustion of the allocated credit. The restart of the inverter, and therefore of the pumps, can only be carried out after payment of a sum, making it possible to increment said counter. The user is advantageously warned of the imminent exhaustion of the credit either by indicator lights or by any other visual means.
De fait, selon l'invention, l'onduleur est muni de l'organe périphérique (15) récédemment décrit, au niveau duquel il remplit les mêmes fonctions. Le fonctionnement de l'installation est donc géré par l'onduleur et notamment par son microprocesseur rendant le système
inviolable. En effet, il n'est pas possible de récréditer l'installation sauf à intervenir sur le microprocesseur, cette intervention n'étant rendue possible que par l'introduction d'une donnée codée, uniquement décryptable par ledit microprocesseur en fonction du numéro d'identification de l'installation.In fact, according to the invention, the inverter is provided with the peripheral member (15) recently described, at which it performs the same functions. The operation of the installation is therefore managed by the inverter and in particular by its microprocessor making the system
inviolable. Indeed, it is not possible to recreate the installation except to intervene on the microprocessor, this intervention being made possible only by the introduction of coded data, only decryptable by said microprocessor according to the number of identification of the installation.
On conçoit donc que cette invention permet de gérer de manière simple le paiement correspondant à la maintenance et au suivi d'installations de production d'énergie électrique, avec ou sans stockage, et ce par un système de paiement ou de pré-paiement par code, favorisant la souplesse d'utilisation et notamment d'achat d'unités de crédit pour le fonctionnement de telles installations. It is therefore understandable that this invention makes it possible to manage in a simple manner the payment corresponding to the maintenance and monitoring of electrical energy production installations, with or without storage, and this by a payment or pre-payment system by code. , favoring flexibility of use and in particular the purchase of credit units for the operation of such installations.
Claims (9)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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FR9511238A FR2738936B1 (en) | 1995-09-20 | 1995-09-20 | DEVICE FOR MANAGING AN ELECTRIC POWER GENERATION INSTALLATION |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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FR9511238A FR2738936B1 (en) | 1995-09-20 | 1995-09-20 | DEVICE FOR MANAGING AN ELECTRIC POWER GENERATION INSTALLATION |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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FR2738936A1 true FR2738936A1 (en) | 1997-03-21 |
FR2738936B1 FR2738936B1 (en) | 1997-11-21 |
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FR9511238A Expired - Fee Related FR2738936B1 (en) | 1995-09-20 | 1995-09-20 | DEVICE FOR MANAGING AN ELECTRIC POWER GENERATION INSTALLATION |
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WO2001039145A1 (en) * | 1999-11-19 | 2001-05-31 | Siemens Metering Limited | Utility billing infrastructure |
AU757350B2 (en) * | 1999-11-19 | 2003-02-20 | Siemens Plc | Utility billing infrastructure |
WO2015155650A1 (en) * | 2014-04-07 | 2015-10-15 | Motive S.R.L. | Actuation system |
CN106165268A (en) * | 2014-04-07 | 2016-11-23 | 摩帝夫有限公司 | Actuating system |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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FR2738936B1 (en) | 1997-11-21 |
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