FR2700233A1 - Opening roof for tunnel or multi-chambered greenhouses - Google Patents

Opening roof for tunnel or multi-chambered greenhouses Download PDF

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Publication number
FR2700233A1
FR2700233A1 FR9300613A FR9300613A FR2700233A1 FR 2700233 A1 FR2700233 A1 FR 2700233A1 FR 9300613 A FR9300613 A FR 9300613A FR 9300613 A FR9300613 A FR 9300613A FR 2700233 A1 FR2700233 A1 FR 2700233A1
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FR
France
Prior art keywords
greenhouse
film
purlins
support bar
cover
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
FR9300613A
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French (fr)
Inventor
Aleix Sylvain
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Individual
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Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to FR9300613A priority Critical patent/FR2700233A1/en
Priority to FR9400600A priority patent/FR2700234A1/en
Publication of FR2700233A1 publication Critical patent/FR2700233A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B7/00—Roofs; Roof construction with regard to insulation
    • E04B7/16—Roof structures with movable roof parts
    • E04B7/166—Roof structures with movable roof parts characterised by a translation movement of the movable roof part, with or without additional movements
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/24—Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
    • A01G9/241—Arrangement of opening or closing systems for windows and ventilation panels
    • A01G9/242—Arrangement of opening or closing systems for windows and ventilation panels for greenhouses with flexible coverings
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D13/00—Special arrangements or devices in connection with roof coverings; Protection against birds; Roof drainage ; Sky-lights
    • E04D13/10—Snow traps ; Removing snow from roofs; Snow melters
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Greenhouses (AREA)

Abstract

The tunnel or multi-chambered greenhouse is of the kind, which essentially consists of the roof structure, each formed by a post (1), a cross beam (2) and two arcuate sections (3,4), forming the roof covering. Purlins (5) are linked to form two consecutive roofs and gutters (6) link together several consecutive roofs. A plastics film cover (7) is supported on the purlins (5) and is constructed of two parts, each with a fixed end, linked solidly to the gutters (6). The other end is mobile and is fixed to a support beam (10, 11), which can be displaced along the arcs, from the roof line (12) to the gutters.

Description

SERRE TUNNEL OU MULTICHAPELLE A COUVERTURE OUVRANTE
L'invention est relative aux serres tunnel ou multichapelle du genre comportant essentiellement a) des fermes constituées chacune par deux poteaux, un entrait et deux éléments d'arceaux sécants au faîtage; b) des pannes reliant deux fermes consécutives; c) des chéneaux reliant plusieurs fermes consécutives; d) une couverture du type film plastique reposant sur les pannes et les arceaux; dans lesquelles la toiture s' ouvre,manuellement ou automatiquement, dès qu'une certaine tension est détectée sur celle-ci en particulier sous ltef- fet de la neige.TUNNEL OR MULTICHAP GREENHOUSE WITH OPENING COVER
The invention relates to tunnel or multi-chapel greenhouses of the kind essentially comprising a) trusses each consisting of two posts, a passage and two intersecting arch elements at the ridge; b) breakdowns connecting two consecutive farms; c) gutters connecting several consecutive farms; d) a cover of the plastic film type resting on the purlins and the arches; in which the roof opens, manually or automatically, as soon as a certain tension is detected thereon in particular under the effect of snow.

Les solutions connues destinées à sauver les structures des serres consistent a) à racler la couverture pour en chasser la neige; b) à arroser la couverture avec de l'eau chaude pour éviter toute accumulation de neige; c) à couper le film; d) à utiliser une toiture ouvrante. The known solutions intended to save the structures of the greenhouses consist in a) scraping the cover to drive out the snow; b) spray the cover with hot water to avoid any accumulation of snow; c) cutting the film; d) to use an opening roof.

Les solutions a) et b) sont peu efficaces dans les régions du Sud de la
France (neige collante s'accumulant sur les chéneaux) et de mise en oeuvre difficile (en particulier pour la deuxième solution qui nécessite de gros débits et une puissance calorifique importante).Solutions a) and b) are not very effective in the southern regions of the
France (sticky snow accumulating on the gutters) and difficult to implement (in particular for the second solution which requires large flows and a high calorific power).

La solution c) entraîne la perte de la couverture et de la récolte.Solution c) results in loss of cover and crop.

La solution d) sauve la couverture.Solution d) saves the cover.

Concernant cette dernière, diverses techniques ont été expérimentées en particulier celle consistant à réaliser des ouvrants articulés mis en mouvement par des motoréducteurs associés à des pignons et à des crémaillères.With regard to the latter, various techniques have been tried out, in particular that of making articulated opening elements set in motion by geared motors associated with pinions and racks.

Cette solution s'est avérée à l'usage de mise en oeuvre compliquée et onéreuse peu adaptée aux serres traditionnelles tunnel ou multichapelle.This solution has proven to be complicated and expensive to use, hardly suited to traditional tunnel or multi-span greenhouses.

L'invention vise donc à réaliser un dispositif à couverture ouvrante de conception simple et bon marché et dont l'efficacité est totale quelque soit le type de neige concerné. The invention therefore aims to produce a device with an opening cover of simple and inexpensive design and the effectiveness of which is total whatever the type of snow concerned.

Elle concerne à cet effet une serre qui se caractérise en ce que a) le film de la couverture est réalisé en deux parties fixées, chacune, à une extrémité, dénommée extrémité fixe, au chéneau et, à l'autre extrémité, dénommée extrémité libre, à une barre support paralléle aux pannes apte à se déplacer le long des arceaux, du faîtage aux chéneaux, de manière à dégager le film de la toiture de la serre; b) les élément d'arceaux, sécants au faîtage, ont une forme et une pente facilitant le déplacement de chaque barre support sous l'effet du poids de la neige sur le film de couverture jusqu'à l'ouverture maximale de celle-ci; c) chaque barre support est maintenue, lorsque la serre est opérationnelle, dans la zone du faîtage gràce à un moyen apte à maintenir et à libérer l'ensemble desdites barres sous l'effet d'une action manuelle ou automatisée initiée par la détection d'un niveau de charge bien déterminé sur la couverture.To this end, it relates to a greenhouse which is characterized in that a) the covering film is produced in two fixed parts, each at one end, called the fixed end, at the gutter and, at the other end, called the free end , to a support bar parallel to the purlins able to move along the arches, from the ridge to the gutters, so as to release the film from the roof of the greenhouse; b) the arch elements, intersecting at the ridge, have a shape and a slope facilitating the movement of each support bar under the effect of the weight of the snow on the cover film until the maximum opening thereof. ; c) each support bar is maintained, when the greenhouse is operational, in the ridge area thanks to a means able to maintain and release all of said bars under the effect of a manual or automated action initiated by the detection of '' a clearly determined load level on the cover.

Les caractéristiques et les avantages de l'invention vont apparaître plus clairement à la lecture de la description détaillée qui suit d'un mode de réalisation préférentiel de l'invention donné à titre d'exemple non limitatif et représenté aux dessins annexés. The characteristics and advantages of the invention will appear more clearly on reading the following detailed description of a preferred embodiment of the invention given by way of non-limiting example and shown in the accompanying drawings.

Sur ces dessins - la figure 1 est une vue de profil d'un élément de serre; - la figure 2 est une vue en coupe transversale d'un film type gaine; - la figure 3 est une vue de détail de profil du moyen apte à maintenir et à libérer les extrémités de la couverture; - la figure 4 est une vue de détail de dessus dudit moyen.In these drawings - Figure 1 is a side view of a greenhouse element; - Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of a sheath-type film; - Figure 3 is a detailed profile view of the means adapted to maintain and release the ends of the cover; - Figure 4 is a detail view from above of said means.

L'ensemble représenté à la figure 1 comporte - une ferme constituée par deux poteaux (1), un entrait (2) et deux éléments d'arceaux (3) et (4) sécants au faîtage; - des pannes (5) (ou travées) reliant deux fermes consécutives; - des chéneaux (6) reliant plusieurs fermes; - une couverture (7) du film plastique reposant sur les pannes et les arceaux. The assembly represented in FIG. 1 comprises - a truss constituted by two posts (1), a passage (2) and two arch elements (3) and (4) intersecting at the ridge; - purlins (5) (or spans) connecting two consecutive trusses; - gutters (6) connecting several farms; - a cover (7) of the plastic film resting on the purlins and the arches.

Le film de la couverture est réalisé en deux parties (8) et (9) fixées, chacune, à une extrémité, au chéneau (6) et, à l'autre extrémité, à une barre support (10) ou (11), paralléle aux pannes, apte à se déplacer le long des arceaux, du faîtage (12) au chéneau (6), de manière à dégager le film de la toiture de la serre.The cover film is produced in two parts (8) and (9) fixed, each at one end to the gutter (6) and, at the other end, to a support bar (10) or (11), parallel to the purlins, able to move along the arches, from the ridge (12) to the gutter (6), so as to release the film from the roof of the greenhouse.

Les éléments d'arceaux (3) et (4) ont une pente facilitant le déplacement de chaque barre support (10) ou (11) sous l'effet du poids de la neige sur le film de couverture jusqu'à l'ouverture maximale de celle-ci.The arch elements (3) and (4) have a slope facilitating the movement of each support bar (10) or (11) under the effect of the weight of the snow on the cover film until the maximum opening of it.

Chaque barre support est maintenue, lorsque la serre est opérationnelle, dans la zone du faîtage gràce à un moyen apte à maintenir et à libérer l'ensemble desdites barres.Each support bar is maintained, when the greenhouse is operational, in the ridge area thanks to a means able to maintain and release all of said bars.

Les barres support (10) et (11) des extrémités libres du film sont maintenues à une distance de la ligne faîtière (12) dégageant ainsi une ouverture servant d'aération à la serre. Ladite ouverture est surmontée d'un chapeau (15) réglable en hauteur.The support bars (10) and (11) of the free ends of the film are kept at a distance from the ridge line (12) thus freeing an opening serving as ventilation for the greenhouse. Said opening is surmounted by a cap (15) adjustable in height.

La figure 2 représente un film du type gaine (13) maintenue à chacune de ses extrémités par une barre support (14) paralléle aux pannes. FIG. 2 represents a film of the sheath type (13) held at each of its ends by a support bar (14) parallel to the purlins.

Le film utilisé peut être également du type simple paroi à fixation par ourlet soudé ou par clip.The film used can also be of the single wall type with fixing by welded hem or by clip.

Les moyens représentés aux figures 3 et 4 comportent - des crochets (16) pivotants autour d'un axe (17) appartenant à chaque élément d'arceau aptes à maintenir, en position haute, près de la ligne faîtière, les barres support (10) et (11) des extrémités libres de chaque partie de film; - un fourreau (18), pourvu de deux ailettes (19), solidaire d'une tringle (20) qui coulisse à l'intérieur de supports tubulaires (21) solidaires des éléments d'arceaux en leur point d'intersection, les deux ailettes venant, chacune, bloquer simultanément, par superposition, chaque extrémité de crochet lorsque la tringle se déplace dans un sens et libérer lesdites extrémités lorsque celle-ci se déplace dans l'autre sens. The means shown in Figures 3 and 4 include - hooks (16) pivoting about an axis (17) belonging to each hoop element capable of holding, in the high position, near the ridge line, the support bars (10 ) and (11) free ends of each part of film; - A sheath (18), provided with two fins (19), integral with a rod (20) which slides inside tubular supports (21) integral with the hoop elements at their point of intersection, both fins each coming to block simultaneously, by superimposition, each hook end when the rod moves in one direction and release said ends when the latter moves in the other direction.

A chaque arceau délimitant une ferme correspond une paire de crochets et à chaque ensemble de crochets d'un même tunnel correspond un ensemble de moyens de verrouillage à ailettes solidaires de la même tringle de commande.To each hoop delimiting a farm corresponds a pair of hooks and to each set of hooks of the same tunnel corresponds a set of locking means with fins secured to the same control rod.

Le fourreau (18), porteur des ailettes (19), est fixé sur la tringle, en position verrouillée, au moyen de la goupille (22).The sheath (18), carrying the fins (19), is fixed to the rod, in the locked position, by means of the pin (22).

Chaque tringle peut être commandée par un moyen manuel du type levier ou automatique du type motoréducteur-pignon-crémaillère. Each rod can be controlled by manual means of the lever type or automatic of the gearmotor-pinion-rack type.

Les tringles appartenant à plusieurs tunnels peuvent être commandées simultanément par une commande unique motorisée.Rods belonging to several tunnels can be controlled simultaneously by a single motorized control.

Les barres (10) et (11) peuvent être guidées dans leur mouvent de translation le long des éléments d'arceaux.The bars (10) and (11) can be guided in their translational movement along the arch elements.

Bien entendu, l'invention n'est par limitée au mode de réalisation décrit et représenté pour lequel on pourra prévoir d'autres variantes sans pour cela sortir du cadre de l'invention.  Of course, the invention is not limited to the embodiment described and shown for which we can provide other variants without departing from the scope of the invention.

Claims (8)

REVENDICATIONS 1- Serre tunnel ou multichapelle du genre comportant essentiellement: a) des fermes constituées chacune par deux poteaux (1), un entrait (2) et deux éléments d'arceaux (3) et (4) sécants au faîtage; b) des pannes (5) reliant deux fermes consécutives; c) des chéneaux (6) reliant plusieurs fermes consécutives; d) une couverture (7) du type film plastique reposant sur les pannes et les arceaux; caractérisée en ce que le film de la couverture est réalisé en deux parties (8) et (9) fixées, chacune, à une extrémité, dénommée extrémité fixe, au chéneau (6) et, à l'autre extrémité, dénommée extrémité libre, à une barre support (10) ou (11), paralléle aux pannes, apte à se déplacer le long des arceaux, de la ligne faîtière (12) au chéneau (6), de manière à dégager le film de la toiture de la serre; en ce que les arceaux (3) et (4),sécants au faîtage, ont une forme et une pente facilitant le déplacement de chaque barre support (10) ou (11) sous l'effet du poids de la neige sur le film de la couverture jusqu a l'ouverture maximale de celle-ci et en ce que chaque barre support est maintenue, lorsque la serre est opérationnelle, dans la zone du faîtage grâce à un moyen apte à maintenir et à libérer l'ensemble desdites barres sous l'effet d'une action manuelle ou automatisée initiée par la détection d'un niveau de charge bien déterminé sur la couverture. 1- Greenhouse tunnel or multi-chapel of the kind essentially comprising: a) trusses each consisting of two posts (1), a passage (2) and two arch elements (3) and (4) intersecting at the ridge; b) purlins (5) connecting two consecutive farms; c) gutters (6) connecting several consecutive farms; d) a cover (7) of the plastic film type resting on the purlins and the arches; characterized in that the cover film is produced in two parts (8) and (9) fixed, each at one end, called the fixed end, to the gutter (6) and, at the other end, called the free end, to a support bar (10) or (11), parallel to the purlins, able to move along the arches, from the ridge line (12) to the gutter (6), so as to release the film from the greenhouse roof ; in that the poles (3) and (4), intersecting at the ridge, have a shape and a slope facilitating the displacement of each support bar (10) or (11) under the effect of the weight of the snow on the film of the cover up to its maximum opening and in that each support bar is maintained, when the greenhouse is operational, in the ridge area by means capable of holding and releasing all of said bars under the effect of a manual or automated action initiated by the detection of a clearly determined charge level on the cover. 2- Serre, selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que le film utilisé est du type simple paroi à fixation par ourlet soudé ou par clip. 2- Greenhouse according to claim 1, characterized in that the film used is of the single wall type with fixing by welded hem or by clip. 3 - Serre, selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que le film utilisé est du type gaine (13) maintenue à chacune de ses extrémités par une barre support (14), paralléle aux pannes. 3 - Greenhouse according to claim 1, characterized in that the film used is of the sheath type (13) held at each of its ends by a support bar (14), parallel to the purlins. 4- Serre, selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que les barres support (10) et (11) des extrémités libres du film sont maintenues à une distance de la ligne faîtière (12) dégageant une ouverture servant d'aération à la serre. 4- Greenhouse according to claim 1, characterized in that the support bars (10) and (11) of the free ends of the film are kept at a distance from the ridge line (12) releasing an opening serving as ventilation for the greenhouse . 5- Serre, selon la revendication 4, caractérisée en ce que l'ouverture d'aération est surmontée d'un chapeau (15) réglable en hauteur. 5- greenhouse according to claim 4, characterized in that the ventilation opening is surmounted by a cap (15) adjustable in height. 6- Serre, selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce quelemoyen permettant de maintenir chaque barre support d'extrémité libre de film est constitué par un crochet (16) pivotant autour d'un axe (17) appartenant à chaque élément d'arceau.  6. Greenhouse according to claim 1, characterized in thatmeans making it possible to maintain each support bar for the free film end is constituted by a hook (16) pivoting about an axis (17) belonging to each hoop element. 7- Serre, selon la revendication 6, caractérisée en ce que le moyen permettant de verrouiller ou de libérer lesdits deux crochets est constitué par un fourreau (18), pourvu de deux ailettes (19), solidaire d'une tringle (20) qui coulisse à l'intérieur de supports tubulaires (21) solidaires des éléments d'arceaux en leur point d'intersection, les deux ailettes venant,chacune,bloquer simultanément, par superposition, chaque extrémité de crochet lorsque la tringle se déplace dans un sens et libérer lesdites extrémités lorsque celle-ci se déplace dans l'autre sens. 7- Greenhouse according to claim 6, characterized in that the means for locking or releasing said two hooks consists of a sheath (18), provided with two fins (19), integral with a rod (20) which slides inside tubular supports (21) integral with the arch elements at their point of intersection, the two fins each coming to block simultaneously, by superposition, each hook end when the rod moves in one direction and releasing said ends when the latter moves in the other direction. 8- Serre, selon la revendication 7, caractérisée en ce qu'à chaque arceau délimittant une ferme correspond une paire de crochets et qu'à chaque ensemble de crochets le long d'un même tunnel correspond un ensemble de moyens de verrouillage à ailettes solidaires de la même tringle de commande.  8- Greenhouse according to claim 7, characterized in that to each hoop delimiting a farm corresponds a pair of hooks and to each set of hooks along the same tunnel corresponds a set of locking means with integral fins of the same control rod.
FR9300613A 1993-01-14 1993-01-14 Opening roof for tunnel or multi-chambered greenhouses Withdrawn FR2700233A1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9300613A FR2700233A1 (en) 1993-01-14 1993-01-14 Opening roof for tunnel or multi-chambered greenhouses
FR9400600A FR2700234A1 (en) 1993-01-14 1994-01-14 Opening roof for tunnel or multi-chambered greenhouses

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9300613A FR2700233A1 (en) 1993-01-14 1993-01-14 Opening roof for tunnel or multi-chambered greenhouses

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FR2700233A1 true FR2700233A1 (en) 1994-07-13

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FR (1) FR2700233A1 (en)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2788659A1 (en) * 1999-01-13 2000-07-28 Sarl Barre Ventilator for plant growing frames has roller for reeling in plastics covering with mesh to reinforce it
GB2451070A (en) * 2007-07-14 2009-01-21 Bruce John Carlson Rainwater collection apparatus for a polytunnel
CN102561575A (en) * 2012-01-19 2012-07-11 浙江大学 Method for making fixed point rotary circular openable structure
CN114375731A (en) * 2022-01-13 2022-04-22 中国农业科学院郑州果树研究所 Environment-friendly warmhouse booth for watermelon cultivation

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2431827A1 (en) * 1978-07-25 1980-02-22 Rantz Louis Michel Arched plant protector with adjustable cover - has two sections of plastics sheeting mounted on arcuate framework sliding relative to each other due to rotating shaft and pulley system
FR2593995A1 (en) * 1986-02-07 1987-08-14 Micheau Rene Device for manoeuvring a plastic film covering the arches of a tunnel frame or of a greenhouse with a view to their aeration

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2431827A1 (en) * 1978-07-25 1980-02-22 Rantz Louis Michel Arched plant protector with adjustable cover - has two sections of plastics sheeting mounted on arcuate framework sliding relative to each other due to rotating shaft and pulley system
FR2593995A1 (en) * 1986-02-07 1987-08-14 Micheau Rene Device for manoeuvring a plastic film covering the arches of a tunnel frame or of a greenhouse with a view to their aeration

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2788659A1 (en) * 1999-01-13 2000-07-28 Sarl Barre Ventilator for plant growing frames has roller for reeling in plastics covering with mesh to reinforce it
GB2451070A (en) * 2007-07-14 2009-01-21 Bruce John Carlson Rainwater collection apparatus for a polytunnel
GB2451070B (en) * 2007-07-14 2009-12-16 Bruce John Carlson Fabric aquaduct
CN102561575A (en) * 2012-01-19 2012-07-11 浙江大学 Method for making fixed point rotary circular openable structure
CN102561575B (en) * 2012-01-19 2013-11-13 浙江大学 Method for making fixed point rotary circular openable structure
CN114375731A (en) * 2022-01-13 2022-04-22 中国农业科学院郑州果树研究所 Environment-friendly warmhouse booth for watermelon cultivation

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