FR2688037A1 - Device for controlling the axial load of a bearing during operation - Google Patents

Device for controlling the axial load of a bearing during operation Download PDF

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Publication number
FR2688037A1
FR2688037A1 FR9202343A FR9202343A FR2688037A1 FR 2688037 A1 FR2688037 A1 FR 2688037A1 FR 9202343 A FR9202343 A FR 9202343A FR 9202343 A FR9202343 A FR 9202343A FR 2688037 A1 FR2688037 A1 FR 2688037A1
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FR
France
Prior art keywords
washer
axial load
bearing
controlling
protrusions
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
FR9202343A
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French (fr)
Other versions
FR2688037B1 (en
Inventor
Tonnerieux Francois
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Renault SAS
Regie Nationale des Usines Renault
Original Assignee
Renault SAS
Regie Nationale des Usines Renault
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Renault SAS, Regie Nationale des Usines Renault filed Critical Renault SAS
Priority to FR9202343A priority Critical patent/FR2688037B1/en
Publication of FR2688037A1 publication Critical patent/FR2688037A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of FR2688037B1 publication Critical patent/FR2688037B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C25/00—Bearings for exclusively rotary movement adjustable for wear or play
    • F16C25/06—Ball or roller bearings
    • F16C25/08—Ball or roller bearings self-adjusting
    • F16C25/083—Ball or roller bearings self-adjusting with resilient means acting axially on a race ring to preload the bearing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/02—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows
    • F16C19/14—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load
    • F16C19/16—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with a single row of balls
    • F16C19/163—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with a single row of balls with angular contact
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2326/00—Articles relating to transporting
    • F16C2326/01—Parts of vehicles in general
    • F16C2326/02—Wheel hubs or castors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2361/00—Apparatus or articles in engineering in general
    • F16C2361/61—Toothed gear systems, e.g. support of pinion shafts

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Sliding-Contact Bearings (AREA)

Abstract

Device for controlling the axial load of a bearing (3) during operation, made up of a washer (1) which uses the reversible properties of the dimensional variations of a shape-memory alloy when the temperature crosses through a predetermined threshold and which is located against the said bearing (3) and immobilized axially, characterised in that the extension of the circumference of the said washer which results from the alloy passing from the martensitic structure to the austenitic structure is converted into an axial thrust by means of a plurality of projections (2, 2') alternately located on each face of the said washer (1).

Description

DISPOSITIF DE CONTROLE DE LA CHARGE AXIALE D'UN
ROULEMENT EN FONCTIONNEMENT.DEVICE FOR CONTROLLING THE AXIAL LOAD OF A
BEARING IN OPERATION.

L'invention concerne un dispositif de contrôle de la charge axiale d'un roulement en cours de fonctionnement.The invention relates to a device for controlling the axial load of a bearing during operation.

La publication JA 63-9720 décrit un dispositif de contrôle de la charge axiale d'un roulement par des rondelles en alliage à mémoire de forme dont la déformation dimensionnelle compense l'accroissement du jeu axial résultant des dilatations différentielles des constituants du montage lorsque la température dépasse une valeur prédéterminée. Cette déformation dimensionnelle est réversible et résulte du changement de structure métallurgique de l'alliage à mémoire de forme qui passe de la structure martensitique à la structure austénitique lorsque la température franchit un certain seuil. Ce changement intervient dans une plage de température comprise entre - 200"C et + 200"C, variable avec la composition des alliages et pouvant ainsi être ramenée de 60"C à 100 C. Ce dispositif évite notamment la bruyance des roulements à chaud.The publication JA 63-9720 describes a device for controlling the axial load of a bearing by shape memory alloy washers, the dimensional deformation of which compensates for the increase in axial play resulting from differential expansions of the components of the assembly when the temperature exceeds a predetermined value. This dimensional deformation is reversible and results from the change in metallurgical structure of the shape memory alloy which passes from the martensitic structure to the austenitic structure when the temperature crosses a certain threshold. This change occurs in a temperature range between - 200 "C and + 200" C, which varies with the composition of the alloys and can therefore be reduced from 60 "C to 100 C. This device notably avoids the noise of hot bearings.

Cependant les dispositifs utilisant des rondelles ne permettent pas toujours d'obtenir un contrôle satisfaisant de la charge axiale, faute d'une efficacité suffisante par suite de la faible amplitude de leur déformation et du faible effort axial qui en résulte.However, the devices using washers do not always make it possible to obtain satisfactory control of the axial load, for want of sufficient efficiency owing to the small amplitude of their deformation and the low axial force which results therefrom.

La présente invention a pour objet un dispositif de contrôle de la charge axiale d'un roulement, utilisant les propriétés des alliages à mémoire de forme et qui remèdie à l'inconvénient précité, par son mode de fonctionnement particulier.The subject of the present invention is a device for controlling the axial load of a bearing, using the properties of shape memory alloys and which remedies the above-mentioned drawback, by its particular operating mode.

Selon l'invention le dispositif de contrôle de la charge axiale d'un roulement en fonctionnement est constitué par une rondelle qui utilise les propriétés réversibles des variations dimensionnelles d'un alliage à mémoire de forme lorsque la température franchit un seuil prédéterminé.According to the invention, the device for controlling the axial load of a bearing in operation consists of a washer which uses the reversible properties of the dimensional variations of a shape memory alloy when the temperature crosses a predetermined threshold.

Cette rondelle est disposée et bloquée axialement par un moyen conventionnel contre une face du roulement. Ladite rondelle est caractérisée en ce que l'allongement de sa circonférence, qui résulte du passage de l'alliage de la structure martensitique à la structure austénitique, se transforme en poussée axiale par l'intermédiaire d'une pluralité de protubérances disposées en alternance sur chaque face de ladite rondelle.This washer is disposed and locked axially by conventional means against a face of the bearing. Said washer is characterized in that the elongation of its circumference, which results from the passage of the alloy from the martensitic structure to the austenitic structure, is transformed into axial thrust by means of a plurality of protuberances arranged alternately on each side of said washer.

Cette rondelle est montée coulissante dans un logement cylindrique.This washer is slidably mounted in a cylindrical housing.

A froid, sous l'effet d'une charge axiale, la rondelle fléchit, de sorte que la distance entre deux surfaces planes opposées respectivement en contact avec les protubérances d'une face d'une rondelle est égale à l'épaisseur de la rondelle E augmentée de la hauteur d'une protubérance h.When cold, under the effect of an axial load, the washer flexes, so that the distance between two opposite flat surfaces respectively in contact with the protrusions of one face of a washer is equal to the thickness of the washer E increased by the height of a protrusion h.

A chaud, après passage de la rondelle de la structure martensitique à la structure austénitique, la rondelle tend à retrouver sa planéité d'origine et la distance entre deux surfaces planes opposées en contact chacune avec les protubérances peut alors atteindre l'épaisseur totale de la rondelle E+2h.When hot, after passage of the washer from the martensitic structure to the austenitic structure, the washer tends to regain its original flatness and the distance between two opposite plane surfaces each in contact with the protrusions can then reach the total thickness of the washer E + 2h.

L'alliage à mémoire de forme constitutif de la rondelle peut être binaire ou ternaire et sa composition est choisie pour obtenir un contrôle de la charge axiale correct à la température normale de fonctionnement.The shape memory alloy constituting the washer can be binary or ternary and its composition is chosen to obtain correct axial load control at normal operating temperature.

Ce mode d'action confere à cette rondelle une force de pression supérieure à une rondelle plate de même alliage, de même diamètre et d'épaisseur
E+h.This mode of action gives this washer a higher pressing force than a flat washer of the same alloy, the same diameter and thickness.
E + h.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention ressortiront de la description d'un exemple de réalisation de la rondelle faite en référence aux dessins annexés dans lesquels: - la figure I représente la rondelle en perspective, - la figure 2 représente la rondelle montée contre un roulement à billes à contacts obliques, - la figure 3 représente la rondelle en position fléchie, - la figure 4 représente la rondelle en position redressée à chaud.Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will emerge from the description of an exemplary embodiment of the washer made with reference to the appended drawings in which: - Figure I represents the washer in perspective, - Figure 2 represents the mounted washer against an angular contact ball bearing, - Figure 3 shows the washer in the bent position, - Figure 4 shows the washer in the hot straightened position.

Sur la figure 1, on voit en 1 la rondelle et la pluralité de protubérances 2 et 2' disposées en alternance sur chaque face.In Figure 1, we see in 1 the washer and the plurality of protrusions 2 and 2 'arranged alternately on each side.

Selon la figure 2, la rondelle 1, applique une charge axiale sur le roulement 3. La rondelle 1 est maintenue dans une cage 4 fermée par une rondelle plate conventionnelle 5. L'ensemble est immobilisé axialement par un écrou de blocage 6, ou par un dispositif équivalent coopérant avec l'extrêmité d'un arbre tournant 7.According to FIG. 2, the washer 1 applies an axial load to the bearing 3. The washer 1 is held in a cage 4 closed by a conventional flat washer 5. The assembly is immobilized axially by a locking nut 6, or by an equivalent device cooperating with the end of a rotating shaft 7.

La figure 3 est une coupe schématique d'une partie de la rondelle 1, qui possède à froid une structure métallurgique martensitique, déformée en flexion. La rondelle est en appui, par l'intermédiaire des protubérances alternées 2 et 2' sur les faces respectives de la cage 4 et de la rondelle 5.Figure 3 is a schematic section of a portion of the washer 1, which has a cold martensitic metallurgical structure, deformed in bending. The washer is in abutment, by means of the alternating protrusions 2 and 2 ′ on the respective faces of the cage 4 and of the washer 5.

L'épaisseur de la rondelle 1 est alors de E+h .The thickness of the washer 1 is then E + h.

La figure 4 est une coupe schématique de la même portion de rondelle 1, avec ses protubérances 2 et 2', enfermée dans la cage 4 obturée par la rondelle 5. La structure métallurgique, par suite du passage du seuil de température prédéterminé est devenue austénitique. La rondelle I, dont l'épaisseur tend vers la valeur E+2h, développe un effort axial plus important qu'une rondelle plate, de même alliage, de même diamètre, d'épaisseur E+h, comme il est indiqué plus haut.Figure 4 is a schematic section of the same portion of washer 1, with its protrusions 2 and 2 ', enclosed in the cage 4 closed by the washer 5. The metallurgical structure, as a result of the passage of the predetermined temperature threshold has become austenitic . The washer I, the thickness of which tends towards the value E + 2h, develops a greater axial force than a flat washer, of the same alloy, of the same diameter, of thickness E + h, as indicated above.

Le nombre de protubérances, leur hauteur h, l'alliage constituant la rondelle et son épaisseur E sont définis en fonction de la charge axiale du roulement, l'échauffement entre l'arrêt et le fonctionnement du roulement et les dimensions de celui-ci.The number of protrusions, their height h, the alloy constituting the washer and its thickness E are defined as a function of the axial load of the bearing, the temperature rise between the stop and the operation of the bearing and the dimensions of the latter.

Ce dispositif s'applique aux montages de roulements pour lesquels il est nécessaire de contrôler la charge axiale afin d'en réduire le bruit et l'usure au cours d'une élévation normale de leur température de fonctionnement, notamment dans les organes automobiles tels que les boites de vitesses, les mécanismes de différentiels ou les moyeux de roues. This device is applicable to bearing arrangements for which it is necessary to control the axial load in order to reduce noise and wear during a normal rise in their operating temperature, in particular in automotive components such as gearboxes, differential mechanisms or wheel hubs.

Claims (4)

REVENDICATIONS .CLAIMS. 1. Dispositif de contrôle de la charge axiale d'un roulement (3) en fonctionnement, constitué par une rondelle (1), qui utilise les propriétés réversibles des variations dimensionnelles d'un alliage à mémoire de forme lorsque la température franchit un seuil prédéterminé et qui est disposée contre ledit roulement (3) et bloquée axialement, caractérisé en ce que l'allongement de la circonférence de ladite rondelle qui résulte du passage de l'alliage de la structure martensitique à la structure austénitique se transforme en poussée axiale par l'intermédiaire d'une pluralité de protubérances (2,2') disposées en alternance sur chaque face de ladite rondelle (1).1. Device for controlling the axial load of a bearing (3) in operation, consisting of a washer (1), which uses the reversible properties of the dimensional variations of a shape memory alloy when the temperature crosses a predetermined threshold and which is disposed against said bearing (3) and axially blocked, characterized in that the elongation of the circumference of said washer which results from the passage of the alloy from the martensitic structure to the austenitic structure is transformed into axial thrust by the 'Intermediate of a plurality of protrusions (2,2') arranged alternately on each face of said washer (1). 2. Dispositif de contrôle de la charge axiale d'un roulement (3) selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la rondelle (1) affecte une flexion initiale.2. Device for controlling the axial load of a bearing (3) according to claim 1, characterized in that the washer (1) affects an initial bending. 3. Dispositif de contrôle de la charge axiale d'un roulement (3) selon l'ensemble des revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé par l'utilisation d'un alliage à mémoire de forme binaire ou ternaire, dont la composition est choisie pour obtenir un contrôle de la charge axiale correct à la température normale de fonctionnement.3. Device for controlling the axial load of a bearing (3) according to all of claims 1 and 2, characterized by the use of a memory alloy of binary or ternary shape, the composition of which is chosen to obtain correct axial load control at normal operating temperature. 4. Dispositif de contrôle de la charge axiale d'un roulement (3) selon l'ensemble des revendications I et 2 caractérisé en ce que les dimensions de la rondelle (1) et des protubérances (2,2') ainsi que leur nombre sont choisis pour obtenir un contrôle de la charge axiale correct à la température normale de fonctionnement. 4. Device for controlling the axial load of a bearing (3) according to all of claims I and 2 characterized in that the dimensions of the washer (1) and the protrusions (2,2 ') as well as their number are chosen to achieve correct axial load control at normal operating temperature.
FR9202343A 1992-02-28 1992-02-28 DEVICE FOR CONTROLLING THE AXIAL LOAD OF A BEARING IN OPERATION. Expired - Fee Related FR2688037B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9202343A FR2688037B1 (en) 1992-02-28 1992-02-28 DEVICE FOR CONTROLLING THE AXIAL LOAD OF A BEARING IN OPERATION.

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9202343A FR2688037B1 (en) 1992-02-28 1992-02-28 DEVICE FOR CONTROLLING THE AXIAL LOAD OF A BEARING IN OPERATION.

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FR2688037A1 true FR2688037A1 (en) 1993-09-03
FR2688037B1 FR2688037B1 (en) 1994-04-15

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1493938A1 (en) * 2003-07-02 2005-01-05 Westland Helicopters Limited Annular thrust spring with alternating projections on opposite sides

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS639720A (en) * 1986-06-30 1988-01-16 Nippon Seiko Kk Gap correcting device for rolling bearing
FR2630172A1 (en) * 1988-04-15 1989-10-20 Renault Device for controlling the preload of an assembly of two rolling-contact bearings in operation

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS639720A (en) * 1986-06-30 1988-01-16 Nippon Seiko Kk Gap correcting device for rolling bearing
FR2630172A1 (en) * 1988-04-15 1989-10-20 Renault Device for controlling the preload of an assembly of two rolling-contact bearings in operation

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 012, no. 206 (M-708)14 Juin 1988 & JP-A-63 009 720 ( NIPPON SEIKO ) 16 Janvier 1988 *

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1493938A1 (en) * 2003-07-02 2005-01-05 Westland Helicopters Limited Annular thrust spring with alternating projections on opposite sides
JP2005024092A (en) * 2003-07-02 2005-01-27 Westland Helicopters Ltd Compliant spacer and assembly using the same
US7182325B2 (en) 2003-07-02 2007-02-27 Westland Helicopters Limited Compliant spacer

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2688037B1 (en) 1994-04-15

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