FR2681763A1 - Method of protecting and preserving fruits, in particular citrus fruits - Google Patents
Method of protecting and preserving fruits, in particular citrus fruits Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- FR2681763A1 FR2681763A1 FR9112204A FR9112204A FR2681763A1 FR 2681763 A1 FR2681763 A1 FR 2681763A1 FR 9112204 A FR9112204 A FR 9112204A FR 9112204 A FR9112204 A FR 9112204A FR 2681763 A1 FR2681763 A1 FR 2681763A1
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- FR
- France
- Prior art keywords
- fruit
- essential oil
- protecting
- fruits
- preserving
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
- A23B7/00—Preservation or chemical ripening of fruit or vegetables
- A23B7/14—Preserving or ripening with chemicals not covered by groups A23B7/08 or A23B7/10
- A23B7/153—Preserving or ripening with chemicals not covered by groups A23B7/08 or A23B7/10 in the form of liquids or solids
- A23B7/154—Organic compounds; Microorganisms; Enzymes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
- A23B7/00—Preservation or chemical ripening of fruit or vegetables
- A23B7/16—Coating with a protective layer; Compositions or apparatus therefor
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Preparation Of Fruits And Vegetables (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Procédé de protection et de conservation de fruits, notamment des agrumes
La présente invention concerne un procédé de protection et de conservation de fruits, avantageusement applicable aux fruits dont la peau n'est généralement pas consommée tels qu'agrumes (oranges, citrons, pamplemousses, mandarines, clémentines), bananes, avocats, mangues, etc. Cette application n'est toutefois pas limitative, le procédé selon
L'invention pouvant également s'appliquer à La protection et à la conservation de fruits dont la peau peut etre consommée, tels que pêches, abricots, cerises, raisins, etc.Method for protecting and preserving fruits, especially citrus fruits
The present invention relates to a method for protecting and preserving fruit, advantageously applicable to fruits the skin of which is generally not consumed, such as citrus fruits (oranges, lemons, grapefruits, mandarins, clementines), bananas, avocados, mangoes, etc. . However, this application is not limiting, the method according to
The invention can also be applied to the protection and preservation of fruits whose skin can be eaten, such as peaches, apricots, cherries, grapes, etc.
Les procédés de protection et de conservation actuels des fruits consistent en un enrobage ou à un traitement en surface de ces derniers au moyen de paraffine ou de produits chimiques divers. Ainsi, pour la protection et la conservation des agrumes, est connu l'emploi du biphényle ou diphényle (E 230), de l'orthophénylphénol (E 231), de I'orthophénylphénate de sodium (E 232), du thiabendazole (E 233), du bénomyl, pour le traitement en surface des fruits, généralement par trempage dans une solution du produit actif additionné de tensioactifs ou d'anti-moussants, ou par aspersion desdits fruits avec la même solution. Current protection and preservation methods for fruit consist in coating or surface treatment of the latter with paraffin or various chemicals. Thus, for the protection and preservation of citrus fruits, the use of biphenyl or diphenyl (E 230), orthophenylphenol (E 231), sodium orthophenylphenate (E 232), thiabendazole (E 233) is known. ), benomyl, for the surface treatment of fruits, generally by soaking in a solution of the active product added with surfactants or anti-foaming agents, or by spraying said fruits with the same solution.
On conçoit que l'emploi, même contrôlé, de tels produits présentant une certaine toxicité, constitue un palliatif peu satisfaisant. En outre, le traitement des fruits à l'aide de tels produits, exclut la consommation de la peau de ces derniers, par exemple sous forme de zestes accompagnant les apéritifs ou parfumant les crêmes, gateaux, liqueurs, etc., ou sous forme de marmelades ou confitures. It is understandable that the use, even if controlled, of such products having a certain toxicity constitutes an unsatisfactory palliative. In addition, the treatment of fruit using such products excludes the consumption of the skin of the latter, for example in the form of zest accompanying appetizers or flavoring creams, cakes, liqueurs, etc., or in the form of marmalades or jams.
Un objet de la présente invention est donc de remédier aux inconvénients susmentionnés des procédés de traitement classiques des agrumes et autres fruits. An object of the present invention is therefore to remedy the aforementioned drawbacks of conventional methods of treating citrus fruits and other fruits.
Selon L'invention, ce but est atteint grâce à un procédé suivant lequel les fruits récoltés sont soumis à un traitement en surface au moyen d'huile essentielle, de préférence obtenue à partir de fruits de La même espèce que les fruits à traiter et appliquée par pulvérisation, ou par aspersion, ou par évaporation. According to the invention, this object is achieved by a process according to which the harvested fruits are subjected to a surface treatment by means of essential oil, preferably obtained from fruits of the same species as the fruits to be treated and applied. by spraying, or by sprinkling, or by evaporation.
Grace à la mise en oeuvre du procédé de l'invention, on assure une protection microbienne, bactérienne et anticrytogamique efficace des fruits, au moyen de produits naturels, remplaçant très avantageusement tous les produits chimiques actuellement utilisés dans ce but. Thanks to the implementation of the process of the invention, effective microbial, bacterial and anti-cryptogamic protection of the fruits is ensured, by means of natural products, very advantageously replacing all the chemicals currently used for this purpose.
D'autre part, le traitement des fruits au moyen d'huiles essentielles permet de réaliser un apport odoriférant leur conférant une vertu attractive supplémentaire. On the other hand, the treatment of fruits with essential oils makes it possible to achieve an odoriferous contribution giving them an additional attractive virtue.
En outre, le procédé selon l'invention procure une double possibilité de valorisation des déchets (écorce ou peau des fruits pressés pour l'élaboration des jus de fruits). En effet, l'expression de ces déchets permet, en premier lieu, d'obtenir l'huile essentielle, tandis que, d'autre part, le résidu qui reste après extraction de l'oléolat peut être utilisé comme éLément de compost. In addition, the method according to the invention provides a double possibility of recovering waste (bark or skin of pressed fruit for the preparation of fruit juices). Indeed, the expression of this waste makes it possible, firstly, to obtain the essential oil, while, on the other hand, the residue which remains after extraction of the oleate can be used as an element of compost.
De plus, le procédé selon l'invention observe les règles écologiques de respect et de défense de la nature. In addition, the method according to the invention observes the ecological rules of respect and defense of nature.
Les buts, caractéristiques et avantages ci-dessus, et d'autres encore, ressortiront mieux de la description qui suit et des dessins annexés dans lesquels:
La figure 1 est une vue schématique d'une installation permettant l'application d'un traitement de surface selon un premier exemple de mise en oeuvre du procédé de L'invention.The aims, characteristics and advantages above, and others still, will emerge more clearly from the description which follows and from the appended drawings in which:
Figure 1 is a schematic view of an installation for the application of a surface treatment according to a first example of implementation of the method of the invention.
La figure 2 est une vue partielle, en plan, de la figure 1. FIG. 2 is a partial plan view of FIG. 1.
La figure 3 est une vue schématique d'une autre installation permettant l'application d'un traitement de surface selon un deuxième exemple de mise en oeuvre du procédé de l'invention. FIG. 3 is a schematic view of another installation allowing the application of a surface treatment according to a second example of implementation of the method of the invention.
On se reporte auxdits dessins pour décrire des exemples de mise en oeuvre intéressants, quoique nullement limitatifs, de ce procédé. Reference is made to said drawings to describe examples of interesting, although in no way limiting, implementation of this process.
Selon ce dernier, les fruits récoltés sont soumis à un traitement en surface au moyen d'huile essentielle, pure ou diluée, et, de préférence et avantageusement, au moyen d'huile essentielle obtenue à partir de fruits de la même espèce que les fruits à traiter. Par exemple, on utilise une huile essentielle obtenue à partir d'oranges pour le traitement des oranges, une huile essentielle obtenue à partir de citrons pour Le traitement des citrons, etc. According to the latter, the harvested fruits are subjected to a surface treatment by means of essential oil, pure or diluted, and, preferably and advantageously, by means of essential oil obtained from fruits of the same species as the fruits. treat. For example, an essential oil obtained from oranges is used for the treatment of oranges, an essential oil obtained from lemons for the treatment of lemons, etc.
De manière également préférée et avantageuse, l'huile essentielle est déposée sur la surface des fruits sous forme de micro-particules. Also preferably and advantageously, the essential oil is deposited on the surface of the fruits in the form of micro-particles.
Dans ce cas, l"'enrobage" ou dépot d'huile essentielle sur La surface des fruits peut être réalisé par un procédé de vaporisation ou pulvérisation au moyen de buses ou injecteurs adéquats, par évaporation ou par aspersion. In this case, the "coating" or deposit of essential oil on the surface of the fruit can be carried out by a spraying or spraying process by means of suitable nozzles or injectors, by evaporation or by spraying.
Toutefois, l'application d'une fine pellicule d'huile essentielle à la surface des fruits pourrait également etre obtenue par d'autres méthodes et, par exemple, par trempage, par passage des fruits sur ou entre des matériaux souples imbibés d'huile essentielLe, etc. However, the application of a thin film of essential oil to the surface of the fruit could also be obtained by other methods and, for example, by soaking, by passing the fruit over or between flexible materials soaked in oil essential, etc.
Le dépôt d'huile essentielle sur la surface des fruits peut être effectué à des temperatures ambiantes, de nombreuses huiles essentielles telles que les huiles essentielles d'agrumes polymérisant en effet très facilement et rapidement à des températures relativement basses. The deposition of essential oil on the surface of the fruit can be carried out at ambient temperatures, many essential oils such as citrus essential oils polymerize very easily and quickly at relatively low temperatures.
Pour accélérer cette polymérisation, le dépôt d'huile essentielle peut être opéré après que la surface des fruits ait été Légèrement chauffée, ou en présence d'un léger chauffage. To accelerate this polymerization, the essential oil can be deposited after the fruit surface has been slightly heated, or in the presence of slight heating.
Ainsi, le dépôt d'huile essentielle peut être opéré à la sortie d'un tunnel de chauffage tel que Le tunnel de séchage d'une installation classique de lavage de fruits après leur récolte. Thus, the deposition of essential oil can be carried out at the outlet of a heating tunnel such as the drying tunnel of a conventional installation for washing fruits after their harvest.
Les figures du dessins illustrent schématiquement deux exemples d'agencement d'installations permettant le traitement de fruits après Leur récolte, suivant deux méthodes avantageuses possibles. The figures of the drawings schematically illustrate two examples of arrangement of installations allowing the treatment of fruits after their harvest, according to two possible advantageous methods.
Les fruits récoltés sont d'abord lavés dans un bac de lavage 1, puis transportés au moyen d'une succession de transporteurs 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d, d'abord dans un tunnel de séchage 3, puis, à La sortie de celui-ci, dans une chambre de pulvérisation 4 (figures 1 et 2), ou dans une chambre d'évaporation 5 (figure 3), d'ou ils sont ensuite acheminés vers des postes de calibrage et de conditionnement. The harvested fruits are first washed in a washing tank 1, then transported by means of a succession of transporters 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d, first in a drying tunnel 3, then, at the exit of that -ci, in a spray chamber 4 (Figures 1 and 2), or in an evaporation chamber 5 (Figure 3), from where they are then routed to calibration and conditioning stations.
La chambre 4 de pulvérisation d'huile essentielle peut être constituée par une enceinte de forme allongée dont le fond est constitué par un transporteur 2c et équipée d'une succession de buses ou d'injecteurs de pulvérisation 4a disposés le long d'au moins L'une de ses parois longitudinales et permettant de projeter des micro-particules d'huile essentielle en direction des fruits qui défilent devant lesdits injecteurs. The essential oil spraying chamber 4 can be constituted by an elongated enclosure, the bottom of which is constituted by a conveyor 2c and equipped with a succession of nozzles or spray injectors 4a arranged along at least L 'one of its longitudinal walls and making it possible to project essential oil micro-particles in the direction of the fruits which pass in front of said injectors.
La chambre d'évaporation 5 comprend un ou plusieurs bacs 5a chauffes au bain-marie et constituant tout ou partie de son fond. The evaporation chamber 5 comprises one or more tanks 5a heated in a water bath and constituting all or part of its bottom.
Dans ce cas, le tapis du transporteur 2c est perméable de façon à laisser passer la vapeur résultant de l'évaporation de L'huile essentielle contenue dans le ou les bacs, cette vapeur d'huile essentielle se déposant sur les fruits qui défilent dans la chambre d'évaporation 5. In this case, the conveyor belt 2c is permeable so as to allow the vapor resulting from the evaporation of the essential oil contained in the container (s) to pass, this essential oil vapor being deposited on the fruit which pass through the evaporation chamber 5.
Claims (9)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9112204A FR2681763A1 (en) | 1991-09-27 | 1991-09-27 | Method of protecting and preserving fruits, in particular citrus fruits |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9112204A FR2681763A1 (en) | 1991-09-27 | 1991-09-27 | Method of protecting and preserving fruits, in particular citrus fruits |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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FR2681763A1 true FR2681763A1 (en) | 1993-04-02 |
Family
ID=9417573
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
FR9112204A Pending FR2681763A1 (en) | 1991-09-27 | 1991-09-27 | Method of protecting and preserving fruits, in particular citrus fruits |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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FR (1) | FR2681763A1 (en) |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2745977A1 (en) * | 1996-03-12 | 1997-09-19 | Xeda International | PROCESS FOR TREATING FRUIT AND VEGETABLES |
CN107897353A (en) * | 2017-11-30 | 2018-04-13 | 钟山佳园生态农业有限公司 | Citrus anti-rot and fresh-keeping method |
CN108077416A (en) * | 2017-11-30 | 2018-05-29 | 钟山佳园生态农业有限公司 | Citrus preservative fruit wax |
CN108576199A (en) * | 2018-01-19 | 2018-09-28 | 西南林业大学 | A kind of fresh-keeping compounding method of grape fruit picking |
CN113080250A (en) * | 2021-04-28 | 2021-07-09 | 吉安井冈农业园艺科技有限公司 | Surface treatment equipment after shaddock is picked |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2910008A1 (en) * | 1978-03-14 | 1979-09-27 | Unilever Nv | COATING MATERIALS FOR FOOD, PROCESS FOR THEIR PRODUCTION AND USE |
DE4109093A1 (en) * | 1991-03-20 | 1991-07-18 | Theodor Holtmann | Safe, ecologically friendly preservation of citrus fruit - uses only natural materials in varying amts. to determine preservation time |
-
1991
- 1991-09-27 FR FR9112204A patent/FR2681763A1/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2910008A1 (en) * | 1978-03-14 | 1979-09-27 | Unilever Nv | COATING MATERIALS FOR FOOD, PROCESS FOR THEIR PRODUCTION AND USE |
DE4109093A1 (en) * | 1991-03-20 | 1991-07-18 | Theodor Holtmann | Safe, ecologically friendly preservation of citrus fruit - uses only natural materials in varying amts. to determine preservation time |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
NTIS TECH NOTES septembre 1990, pages 676,677, Springfield, VA, US; "Agriculture Research Service" * |
Cited By (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2745977A1 (en) * | 1996-03-12 | 1997-09-19 | Xeda International | PROCESS FOR TREATING FRUIT AND VEGETABLES |
US5858436A (en) * | 1996-03-12 | 1999-01-12 | Xeda International | Process for the treatment of fruits and vegetables |
EP1323351A2 (en) * | 1996-03-12 | 2003-07-02 | Xeda International | Apparatus for treatment of fruits and vegetables |
EP1323351A3 (en) * | 1996-03-12 | 2003-12-10 | Xeda International | Apparatus for treatment of fruits and vegetables |
CN107897353A (en) * | 2017-11-30 | 2018-04-13 | 钟山佳园生态农业有限公司 | Citrus anti-rot and fresh-keeping method |
CN108077416A (en) * | 2017-11-30 | 2018-05-29 | 钟山佳园生态农业有限公司 | Citrus preservative fruit wax |
CN108576199A (en) * | 2018-01-19 | 2018-09-28 | 西南林业大学 | A kind of fresh-keeping compounding method of grape fruit picking |
CN113080250A (en) * | 2021-04-28 | 2021-07-09 | 吉安井冈农业园艺科技有限公司 | Surface treatment equipment after shaddock is picked |
CN113080250B (en) * | 2021-04-28 | 2022-11-22 | 吉安井冈农业园艺科技有限公司 | Surface treatment equipment after shaddock is picked |
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