FR2677459A1 - Capacitive rain gauge - Google Patents
Capacitive rain gauge Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- FR2677459A1 FR2677459A1 FR9106913A FR9106913A FR2677459A1 FR 2677459 A1 FR2677459 A1 FR 2677459A1 FR 9106913 A FR9106913 A FR 9106913A FR 9106913 A FR9106913 A FR 9106913A FR 2677459 A1 FR2677459 A1 FR 2677459A1
- Authority
- FR
- France
- Prior art keywords
- solenoid valve
- rain gauge
- container
- capacitive
- probe
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F23/00—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm
- G01F23/22—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water
- G01F23/26—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring variations of capacity or inductance of capacitors or inductors arising from the presence of liquid or fluent solid material in the electric or electromagnetic fields
- G01F23/263—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring variations of capacity or inductance of capacitors or inductors arising from the presence of liquid or fluent solid material in the electric or electromagnetic fields by measuring variations in capacitance of capacitors
- G01F23/268—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring variations of capacity or inductance of capacitors or inductors arising from the presence of liquid or fluent solid material in the electric or electromagnetic fields by measuring variations in capacitance of capacitors mounting arrangements of probes
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F11/00—Apparatus requiring external operation adapted at each repeated and identical operation to measure and separate a predetermined volume of fluid or fluent solid material from a supply or container, without regard to weight, and to deliver it
- G01F11/28—Apparatus requiring external operation adapted at each repeated and identical operation to measure and separate a predetermined volume of fluid or fluent solid material from a supply or container, without regard to weight, and to deliver it with stationary measuring chambers having constant volume during measurement
- G01F11/284—Apparatus requiring external operation adapted at each repeated and identical operation to measure and separate a predetermined volume of fluid or fluent solid material from a supply or container, without regard to weight, and to deliver it with stationary measuring chambers having constant volume during measurement combined with electric level detecting means
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01W—METEOROLOGY
- G01W1/00—Meteorology
- G01W1/14—Rainfall or precipitation gauges
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Atmospheric Sciences (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Measurement Of Levels Of Liquids Or Fluent Solid Materials (AREA)
Abstract
Description
La présente invention concerne un pluviomètre.The present invention relates to a rain gauge.
Elle concerne plus précisément un pluviomètre capacitif dans lequel la hauteur de la colonne d'eau est mesurée à l'aide d'un condensateur électrique se servant de cette eau comme d'un diélectrique.It relates more precisely to a capacitive rain gauge in which the height of the water column is measured using an electric capacitor using this water as a dielectric.
On connaît le brevet DE 2 720 602 décrivant un pluviomètre capacitif.Patent DE 2,720,602 is known which describes a capacitive rain gauge.
L'inconvénient essentiel de ce pluviomètre est que dans le cas de la vidange, les éventuelles quantités de précipitations intervenant pendant la dite vidange, ne sont pas prises en considération.The essential drawback of this rain gauge is that in the case of emptying, any amounts of precipitation occurring during said emptying are not taken into account.
Un autre inconvénient de ce pluviomètre est que la sonde capacitive est liée de l'extérieur au récipient principal rendant ainsi l'ensemble encombrant et fragile.Another drawback of this rain gauge is that the capacitive probe is linked from the outside to the main container, thus making the assembly bulky and fragile.
Le but de la présente invention est de proposer un pluviomètre capacitif prenant en considération toutes les quantités de précipitations.The object of the present invention is to propose a capacitive rain gauge taking into account all the amounts of precipitation.
Un autre but de la présente invention est de proposer un pluviomètre capacitif moins encombrant et moins fragile.Another object of the present invention is to propose a less bulky and less fragile capacitive rain gauge.
A cet effet, le pluviomètre faisant l'objet de la présente invention est du type de ceux comportant un entonnoir collecteur ayant un embout débouchant dans un récipient associé à une électrovanne de vidange normalement fermée et à une sonde capacitive servant à détecter la hauteur d'eau dans le dit récipient, le pluviomètre étant caractérisé par une deuxième électrovanne normalement ouverte montée sur l'embout de l'entonnoir, l'électrovanne de vidange et la deuxième électrovanne étant, toutes les deux, asservies et fonctionnant en alternance.For this purpose, the rain gauge which is the subject of the present invention is of the type of those comprising a collecting funnel having a nozzle opening into a container associated with a normally closed drain solenoid valve and with a capacitive probe used to detect the height of the water in said container, the rain gauge being characterized by a second normally open solenoid valve mounted on the end of the funnel, the drain solenoid valve and the second solenoid valve being both slaved and operating alternately.
La présente invention sera mieux comprise à la lecture de la description détaillée donnée, ci-après, et accompagnée des dessins dans lesquels - la figure 1 est un schéma du pluviomètre selon
l'invention, - la figure 2 est une vue schématique en coupe de la sonde
capacitive, - la figure 3 est une vue en coupe selon A/A de la figure 2.The present invention will be better understood on reading the detailed description given below, and accompanied by the drawings in which - Figure 1 is a diagram of the rain gauge according to
the invention, - Figure 2 is a schematic sectional view of the probe
capacitive, - Figure 3 is a sectional view along A / A of Figure 2.
Le pluviomètre est constitué d'un entonnoir collecteur 1, ayant un embout 2 muni d'une électrovanne 6 normalement ouverte.The rain gauge consists of a collecting funnel 1, having a nozzle 2 provided with a normally open solenoid valve 6.
L'entonnoir 1 est muni d'un filtre 17 servant à retenir les objets comme, par exemple, les feuilles mortes.The funnel 1 is provided with a filter 17 serving to retain objects such as, for example, dead leaves.
Cet entonnoir débouche dans un récipient 3 ayant un embout 8 muni d'une électrovanne de vidange normalement fermée 4.This funnel opens into a container 3 having a nozzle 8 provided with a normally closed drain solenoid valve 4.
Ce récipient est, de préférence, d'une forme régulière comme, par exemple, une forme cylindrique. This container is preferably of a regular shape such as, for example, a cylindrical shape.
Une sonde capacitive 5 est fixée à l'intérieur du récipient 3.A capacitive probe 5 is fixed inside the container 3.
A cette sonde capacitive sont déterminées deux capacités de repérage - C1 correspondant au niveau minimal d'eau 18 dans le
récipient 3 et, - C2 correspondant au niveau maximal d'eau 19 autorisé dans
le récipient 3.To this capacitive probe are determined two marking capacities - C1 corresponding to the minimum water level 18 in the
container 3 and, - C2 corresponding to the maximum water level 19 authorized in
container 3.
L'électrovanne 4 et l'électrovanne 6 sont, toutes les deux, asservies et fonctionnent en alternance.The solenoid valve 4 and the solenoid valve 6 are both slaved and operate alternately.
Normalement, l'électrovanne 4 est fermée et l'électrovanne 6 est ouverte.Normally, the solenoid valve 4 is closed and the solenoid valve 6 is open.
Pendant la vidange, l'électrovanne 4 s'ouvre et en même temps l'électrovanne 6 se ferme.During draining, the solenoid valve 4 opens and at the same time the solenoid valve 6 closes.
La fermeture de l'électrovanne 6, pendant la vidange, sert à retenir dans l'entonnoir 1 les éventuelles précipitations collectées pendant la dite vidange.The closing of the solenoid valve 6, during emptying, serves to retain in the funnel 1 any precipitation collected during said emptying.
Une fois que la vidange est terminée, l'électrovanne 4 se referme et l'électrovanne 6 se réouvre, les éventuelles précipitations collectées dans l'entonnoir 1 tombent dans le récipient 3.Once the emptying is complete, the solenoid valve 4 closes again and the solenoid valve 6 reopens, any precipitation collected in the funnel 1 falls into the container 3.
La vidange peut être effectuée périodiquement comme, par exemple, chaque vingt quatre heures ou lorsque le niveau d'eau maximal 19 autorisé dans le récipient d'eau est atteint. The emptying can be carried out periodically such as, for example, every twenty-four hours or when the maximum water level 19 authorized in the water container is reached.
Les mesures capacitives peuvent être effectuées en permanence pour établir l'évolution de la quantité de précipitations, (voir DE 2 720 602).The capacitive measurements can be carried out continuously to establish the evolution of the amount of precipitation, (see DE 2 720 602).
Ces mesures peuvent être également effectuées juste avant chaque vidange, les quantités de précipitations exprimées en mm et déduites de chaque mesure peuvent être additionnées pour exprimer les précipitations totales reçues à un endroit donné pendant une période donnée.These measurements can also be made just before each drain, the amounts of precipitation expressed in mm and deducted from each measurement can be added to express the total precipitation received at a given location during a given period.
Ceci peut être utile pour des besoins météorologiques ou pour l'établissement d'un bilan hydrique pour un couvert végétal.This can be useful for meteorological needs or for establishing a water balance for a plant cover.
Selon l'invention, la sonde capacitive 5 est constituée d'un tube isolant 10 entouré d'un tube conducteur 11.According to the invention, the capacitive probe 5 consists of an insulating tube 10 surrounded by a conductive tube 11.
Dans le tube 10 est placé un autre tube coaxial 12 dont la section est plus petite que celle du tube 10.Another coaxial tube 12 is placed in the tube 10, the cross section of which is smaller than that of the tube 10.
Dans le tube 12 est placée une baguette conductrice 13.In the tube 12 is placed a conductive rod 13.
Les tubes 10 et 12 sont solidaires, par exemple, par soudage tout en ayant des prises d'air 9.The tubes 10 and 12 are secured, for example, by welding while having air intakes 9.
Le rôle des prises d'air 9 est de maintenir la pression identique dans le recipient 3 et dans la sonde 5.The role of the air intakes 9 is to maintain the same pressure in the container 3 and in the probe 5.
Pour assurer la linéarité entre les capacités mesurées et les hauteurs correspondantes d'eau dans le récipient 3, la capacité de référence C1 correspondante au niveau minimal d'eau dans le récipient 3 est prise à un niveau supérieur à l'extrémité inférieure de la sonde capacitive, ceci pour éviter les effets de proximité.To ensure the linearity between the measured capacities and the corresponding heights of water in the container 3, the reference capacity C1 corresponding to the minimum level of water in the container 3 is taken to a level higher at the lower end of the probe. capacitive, this to avoid proximity effects.
De même, la capacité C2 correspondante au niveau d'eau maximal autorisé dans le récipient 3 est prise à un niveau inférieur à l'extrémité supérieure de la sonde 5.Likewise, the capacity C2 corresponding to the maximum water level authorized in the container 3 is taken at a level lower than the upper end of the probe 5.
La sonde 5 est reliée à un dispositif de mesure par deux conducteurs 15.The probe 5 is connected to a measuring device by two conductors 15.
Cette sonde est fixée verticalement dans le récipient 3 par des moyens de fixation 16 comme, par exemple, des joints de colle. This probe is fixed vertically in the container 3 by fixing means 16 such as, for example, glue joints.
Claims (3)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9106913A FR2677459A1 (en) | 1991-06-06 | 1991-06-06 | Capacitive rain gauge |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9106913A FR2677459A1 (en) | 1991-06-06 | 1991-06-06 | Capacitive rain gauge |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
FR2677459A1 true FR2677459A1 (en) | 1992-12-11 |
Family
ID=9413581
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
FR9106913A Withdrawn FR2677459A1 (en) | 1991-06-06 | 1991-06-06 | Capacitive rain gauge |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
FR (1) | FR2677459A1 (en) |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2713784A1 (en) * | 1993-12-13 | 1995-06-16 | Haug Michel | Rain gauge for measuring quantity of rainfall within given rainy period |
FR2770306A1 (en) * | 1997-10-23 | 1999-04-30 | Meteo France | Precipitation meter, for rain, snow, hail. |
EP1620347A2 (en) * | 2003-02-24 | 2006-02-01 | Millipore Corporation | Fluid dispensing apparatus having means for measuring fluid volume continuously |
CN100432704C (en) * | 2004-10-27 | 2008-11-12 | 上海大学 | Multi-parameter detecting method and apparatus for liquid drop |
CN103472505A (en) * | 2013-08-28 | 2013-12-25 | 南京信息工程大学 | Pluviometer capable of distinguishing solid and liquid precipitated water and detecting method thereof |
CN112014908A (en) * | 2020-08-03 | 2020-12-01 | 西北师范大学 | Wind-resistant capacitance type snowfall measuring method |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2720602A1 (en) * | 1977-05-07 | 1978-11-09 | Ludwig Dipl Ing Schmitz | Electric measuring device for rainfall - with level of collected water being measured by foil on insulating tube, forming capacitor |
FR2514498A1 (en) * | 1981-10-12 | 1983-04-15 | Jagenberg Werke Ag | DEVICE FOR DELIVERING VERY SMALL QUANTITIES OF A LIQUID |
JPS58165077A (en) * | 1982-03-24 | 1983-09-30 | Kazuo Amaya | Rain gauge |
-
1991
- 1991-06-06 FR FR9106913A patent/FR2677459A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2720602A1 (en) * | 1977-05-07 | 1978-11-09 | Ludwig Dipl Ing Schmitz | Electric measuring device for rainfall - with level of collected water being measured by foil on insulating tube, forming capacitor |
FR2514498A1 (en) * | 1981-10-12 | 1983-04-15 | Jagenberg Werke Ag | DEVICE FOR DELIVERING VERY SMALL QUANTITIES OF A LIQUID |
JPS58165077A (en) * | 1982-03-24 | 1983-09-30 | Kazuo Amaya | Rain gauge |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 8, no. 1 (P-246)(1438) 6 Janvier 1984 & JP-A-58 165 077 ( KAZUO AMAYA ) 30 Septembre 1983 * |
Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2713784A1 (en) * | 1993-12-13 | 1995-06-16 | Haug Michel | Rain gauge for measuring quantity of rainfall within given rainy period |
FR2770306A1 (en) * | 1997-10-23 | 1999-04-30 | Meteo France | Precipitation meter, for rain, snow, hail. |
EP1620347A2 (en) * | 2003-02-24 | 2006-02-01 | Millipore Corporation | Fluid dispensing apparatus having means for measuring fluid volume continuously |
EP1620347A4 (en) * | 2003-02-24 | 2007-08-29 | Millipore Corp | Fluid dispensing apparatus having means for measuring fluid volume continuously |
CN100432704C (en) * | 2004-10-27 | 2008-11-12 | 上海大学 | Multi-parameter detecting method and apparatus for liquid drop |
CN103472505A (en) * | 2013-08-28 | 2013-12-25 | 南京信息工程大学 | Pluviometer capable of distinguishing solid and liquid precipitated water and detecting method thereof |
CN103472505B (en) * | 2013-08-28 | 2015-12-02 | 南京信息工程大学 | A kind ofly distinguish solid-state and udometric detection method that is liquid precipitation |
CN112014908A (en) * | 2020-08-03 | 2020-12-01 | 西北师范大学 | Wind-resistant capacitance type snowfall measuring method |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
FR2677459A1 (en) | Capacitive rain gauge | |
KR20100011578A (en) | Units for automatic measuring quality of water and measuring method thereby | |
EP0187093A1 (en) | Automatic rainfall meter | |
FR2965057A1 (en) | Hybrid study system i.e. mesocosm, for studying ecosystem present in soil, has recovery device for recovering runoff rain water and arranged for collecting part of rain water received by upper surface of soil | |
FR2674629A1 (en) | LIQUID SAMPLES HEAD. | |
EP0489656B1 (en) | Device for measuring the pore water pressure and ionic concentration of soil | |
CN216524992U (en) | Hydrogeology reconnaissance water source sampling test device | |
FR2505677A1 (en) | DEVICE FOR COLLECTING AND CONTAINING URINE FOR LABORATORIES OF ANALYZES | |
CN207832520U (en) | A kind of city underwater facility detection sampler | |
FR2572182A1 (en) | CELL FOR THE STUDY OF A FLUID PRODUCT AT LEAST IN PART CONDENSABLE | |
FR2654853A1 (en) | METHOD FOR THE AUTOMATIC AND CONTINUOUS ACQUISITION OF DATA CHARACTERIZING A SOIL, PLANT, CLIMATE, AND DEVICE FOR IMPLEMENTING SAID METHOD | |
CN220473288U (en) | Runoff district silt detection device | |
CN209214980U (en) | A kind of adjustable water sample acquisition device | |
FR2547051A1 (en) | Measuring apparatus for studying the relationships between the pressure and the liquid and/or gaseous volumes for a product with liquid and/or gaseous phases | |
CN220650919U (en) | Weighing type rain and snow gauge | |
CN215178947U (en) | Water sample collector for meteorological observation | |
CN220982821U (en) | Sampling device for dry and wet sedimentation substances of typical grassland atmosphere | |
CN212482979U (en) | Surface water sampling detection device | |
KR101385123B1 (en) | Weight precipitation measuring instrument | |
CN112630866B (en) | Rainfall measuring device | |
CN219200872U (en) | Combined surface water and soil sampling device suitable for river bank zone | |
RU2053654C1 (en) | Milk meter | |
FR2664791A1 (en) | AUTOMATIC ALTERNATING IRRIGATION BOX OF PLANTS. | |
FR3026757B1 (en) | WATER LIFTING STATION | |
CN209979302U (en) | Precipitation monitoring and sampling device |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
ST | Notification of lapse |