FR2677459A1 - Capacitive rain gauge - Google Patents

Capacitive rain gauge Download PDF

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Publication number
FR2677459A1
FR2677459A1 FR9106913A FR9106913A FR2677459A1 FR 2677459 A1 FR2677459 A1 FR 2677459A1 FR 9106913 A FR9106913 A FR 9106913A FR 9106913 A FR9106913 A FR 9106913A FR 2677459 A1 FR2677459 A1 FR 2677459A1
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FR
France
Prior art keywords
solenoid valve
rain gauge
container
capacitive
probe
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
FR9106913A
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French (fr)
Inventor
Grech Jean-Luc
Schindler Jean-Bernard
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
GRECH JEAN LUC
Original Assignee
GRECH JEAN LUC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by GRECH JEAN LUC filed Critical GRECH JEAN LUC
Priority to FR9106913A priority Critical patent/FR2677459A1/en
Publication of FR2677459A1 publication Critical patent/FR2677459A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01FMEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F23/00Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm
    • G01F23/22Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water
    • G01F23/26Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring variations of capacity or inductance of capacitors or inductors arising from the presence of liquid or fluent solid material in the electric or electromagnetic fields
    • G01F23/263Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring variations of capacity or inductance of capacitors or inductors arising from the presence of liquid or fluent solid material in the electric or electromagnetic fields by measuring variations in capacitance of capacitors
    • G01F23/268Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring variations of capacity or inductance of capacitors or inductors arising from the presence of liquid or fluent solid material in the electric or electromagnetic fields by measuring variations in capacitance of capacitors mounting arrangements of probes
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01FMEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F11/00Apparatus requiring external operation adapted at each repeated and identical operation to measure and separate a predetermined volume of fluid or fluent solid material from a supply or container, without regard to weight, and to deliver it
    • G01F11/28Apparatus requiring external operation adapted at each repeated and identical operation to measure and separate a predetermined volume of fluid or fluent solid material from a supply or container, without regard to weight, and to deliver it with stationary measuring chambers having constant volume during measurement
    • G01F11/284Apparatus requiring external operation adapted at each repeated and identical operation to measure and separate a predetermined volume of fluid or fluent solid material from a supply or container, without regard to weight, and to deliver it with stationary measuring chambers having constant volume during measurement combined with electric level detecting means
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01WMETEOROLOGY
    • G01W1/00Meteorology
    • G01W1/14Rainfall or precipitation gauges

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Atmospheric Sciences (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Ecology (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Levels Of Liquids Or Fluent Solid Materials (AREA)

Abstract

The capacitive rain gauge comprises a collector funnel (1) having a spout (2) opening into a container (3) fitted with a drainage solenoid valve (4) which is normally closed and is combined with a capacitive probe (5). The rain gauge is characterised by a second solenoid valve (6) which is normally open and is mounted on the spout (2). The two solenoid valves operate alternately.

Description

La présente invention concerne un pluviomètre.The present invention relates to a rain gauge.

Elle concerne plus précisément un pluviomètre capacitif dans lequel la hauteur de la colonne d'eau est mesurée à l'aide d'un condensateur électrique se servant de cette eau comme d'un diélectrique.It relates more precisely to a capacitive rain gauge in which the height of the water column is measured using an electric capacitor using this water as a dielectric.

On connaît le brevet DE 2 720 602 décrivant un pluviomètre capacitif.Patent DE 2,720,602 is known which describes a capacitive rain gauge.

L'inconvénient essentiel de ce pluviomètre est que dans le cas de la vidange, les éventuelles quantités de précipitations intervenant pendant la dite vidange, ne sont pas prises en considération.The essential drawback of this rain gauge is that in the case of emptying, any amounts of precipitation occurring during said emptying are not taken into account.

Un autre inconvénient de ce pluviomètre est que la sonde capacitive est liée de l'extérieur au récipient principal rendant ainsi l'ensemble encombrant et fragile.Another drawback of this rain gauge is that the capacitive probe is linked from the outside to the main container, thus making the assembly bulky and fragile.

Le but de la présente invention est de proposer un pluviomètre capacitif prenant en considération toutes les quantités de précipitations.The object of the present invention is to propose a capacitive rain gauge taking into account all the amounts of precipitation.

Un autre but de la présente invention est de proposer un pluviomètre capacitif moins encombrant et moins fragile.Another object of the present invention is to propose a less bulky and less fragile capacitive rain gauge.

A cet effet, le pluviomètre faisant l'objet de la présente invention est du type de ceux comportant un entonnoir collecteur ayant un embout débouchant dans un récipient associé à une électrovanne de vidange normalement fermée et à une sonde capacitive servant à détecter la hauteur d'eau dans le dit récipient, le pluviomètre étant caractérisé par une deuxième électrovanne normalement ouverte montée sur l'embout de l'entonnoir, l'électrovanne de vidange et la deuxième électrovanne étant, toutes les deux, asservies et fonctionnant en alternance.For this purpose, the rain gauge which is the subject of the present invention is of the type of those comprising a collecting funnel having a nozzle opening into a container associated with a normally closed drain solenoid valve and with a capacitive probe used to detect the height of the water in said container, the rain gauge being characterized by a second normally open solenoid valve mounted on the end of the funnel, the drain solenoid valve and the second solenoid valve being both slaved and operating alternately.

La présente invention sera mieux comprise à la lecture de la description détaillée donnée, ci-après, et accompagnée des dessins dans lesquels - la figure 1 est un schéma du pluviomètre selon
l'invention, - la figure 2 est une vue schématique en coupe de la sonde
capacitive, - la figure 3 est une vue en coupe selon A/A de la figure 2.
The present invention will be better understood on reading the detailed description given below, and accompanied by the drawings in which - Figure 1 is a diagram of the rain gauge according to
the invention, - Figure 2 is a schematic sectional view of the probe
capacitive, - Figure 3 is a sectional view along A / A of Figure 2.

Le pluviomètre est constitué d'un entonnoir collecteur 1, ayant un embout 2 muni d'une électrovanne 6 normalement ouverte.The rain gauge consists of a collecting funnel 1, having a nozzle 2 provided with a normally open solenoid valve 6.

L'entonnoir 1 est muni d'un filtre 17 servant à retenir les objets comme, par exemple, les feuilles mortes.The funnel 1 is provided with a filter 17 serving to retain objects such as, for example, dead leaves.

Cet entonnoir débouche dans un récipient 3 ayant un embout 8 muni d'une électrovanne de vidange normalement fermée 4.This funnel opens into a container 3 having a nozzle 8 provided with a normally closed drain solenoid valve 4.

Ce récipient est, de préférence, d'une forme régulière comme, par exemple, une forme cylindrique. This container is preferably of a regular shape such as, for example, a cylindrical shape.

Une sonde capacitive 5 est fixée à l'intérieur du récipient 3.A capacitive probe 5 is fixed inside the container 3.

A cette sonde capacitive sont déterminées deux capacités de repérage - C1 correspondant au niveau minimal d'eau 18 dans le
récipient 3 et, - C2 correspondant au niveau maximal d'eau 19 autorisé dans
le récipient 3.
To this capacitive probe are determined two marking capacities - C1 corresponding to the minimum water level 18 in the
container 3 and, - C2 corresponding to the maximum water level 19 authorized in
container 3.

L'électrovanne 4 et l'électrovanne 6 sont, toutes les deux, asservies et fonctionnent en alternance.The solenoid valve 4 and the solenoid valve 6 are both slaved and operate alternately.

Normalement, l'électrovanne 4 est fermée et l'électrovanne 6 est ouverte.Normally, the solenoid valve 4 is closed and the solenoid valve 6 is open.

Pendant la vidange, l'électrovanne 4 s'ouvre et en même temps l'électrovanne 6 se ferme.During draining, the solenoid valve 4 opens and at the same time the solenoid valve 6 closes.

La fermeture de l'électrovanne 6, pendant la vidange, sert à retenir dans l'entonnoir 1 les éventuelles précipitations collectées pendant la dite vidange.The closing of the solenoid valve 6, during emptying, serves to retain in the funnel 1 any precipitation collected during said emptying.

Une fois que la vidange est terminée, l'électrovanne 4 se referme et l'électrovanne 6 se réouvre, les éventuelles précipitations collectées dans l'entonnoir 1 tombent dans le récipient 3.Once the emptying is complete, the solenoid valve 4 closes again and the solenoid valve 6 reopens, any precipitation collected in the funnel 1 falls into the container 3.

La vidange peut être effectuée périodiquement comme, par exemple, chaque vingt quatre heures ou lorsque le niveau d'eau maximal 19 autorisé dans le récipient d'eau est atteint. The emptying can be carried out periodically such as, for example, every twenty-four hours or when the maximum water level 19 authorized in the water container is reached.

Les mesures capacitives peuvent être effectuées en permanence pour établir l'évolution de la quantité de précipitations, (voir DE 2 720 602).The capacitive measurements can be carried out continuously to establish the evolution of the amount of precipitation, (see DE 2 720 602).

Ces mesures peuvent être également effectuées juste avant chaque vidange, les quantités de précipitations exprimées en mm et déduites de chaque mesure peuvent être additionnées pour exprimer les précipitations totales reçues à un endroit donné pendant une période donnée.These measurements can also be made just before each drain, the amounts of precipitation expressed in mm and deducted from each measurement can be added to express the total precipitation received at a given location during a given period.

Ceci peut être utile pour des besoins météorologiques ou pour l'établissement d'un bilan hydrique pour un couvert végétal.This can be useful for meteorological needs or for establishing a water balance for a plant cover.

Selon l'invention, la sonde capacitive 5 est constituée d'un tube isolant 10 entouré d'un tube conducteur 11.According to the invention, the capacitive probe 5 consists of an insulating tube 10 surrounded by a conductive tube 11.

Dans le tube 10 est placé un autre tube coaxial 12 dont la section est plus petite que celle du tube 10.Another coaxial tube 12 is placed in the tube 10, the cross section of which is smaller than that of the tube 10.

Dans le tube 12 est placée une baguette conductrice 13.In the tube 12 is placed a conductive rod 13.

Les tubes 10 et 12 sont solidaires, par exemple, par soudage tout en ayant des prises d'air 9.The tubes 10 and 12 are secured, for example, by welding while having air intakes 9.

Le rôle des prises d'air 9 est de maintenir la pression identique dans le recipient 3 et dans la sonde 5.The role of the air intakes 9 is to maintain the same pressure in the container 3 and in the probe 5.

Pour assurer la linéarité entre les capacités mesurées et les hauteurs correspondantes d'eau dans le récipient 3, la capacité de référence C1 correspondante au niveau minimal d'eau dans le récipient 3 est prise à un niveau supérieur à l'extrémité inférieure de la sonde capacitive, ceci pour éviter les effets de proximité.To ensure the linearity between the measured capacities and the corresponding heights of water in the container 3, the reference capacity C1 corresponding to the minimum level of water in the container 3 is taken to a level higher at the lower end of the probe. capacitive, this to avoid proximity effects.

De même, la capacité C2 correspondante au niveau d'eau maximal autorisé dans le récipient 3 est prise à un niveau inférieur à l'extrémité supérieure de la sonde 5.Likewise, the capacity C2 corresponding to the maximum water level authorized in the container 3 is taken at a level lower than the upper end of the probe 5.

La sonde 5 est reliée à un dispositif de mesure par deux conducteurs 15.The probe 5 is connected to a measuring device by two conductors 15.

Cette sonde est fixée verticalement dans le récipient 3 par des moyens de fixation 16 comme, par exemple, des joints de colle. This probe is fixed vertically in the container 3 by fixing means 16 such as, for example, glue joints.

Claims (3)

REVENDICATIONS 1. Pluviomètre capacitif du type de ceux comportant un entonnoir collecteur (1) ayant un embout (2) débouchant dans un récipient (3) associé à une électrovanne de vidange (4) normalement fermée et à une sonde capacitive (5) servant à détecter la hauteur d'eau dans le dit récipient, le pluviomètre étant caractérisé par une deuxième électrovanne (6) normalement ouverte montée sur l'embout (2) de l'entonnoir, l'électrovanne de vidange (4) et la deuxième électrovanne (6) étant, toutes les deux, asservies et fonctionnant en alternance. 1. Capacitive rain gauge of the type of those comprising a collecting funnel (1) having a nozzle (2) opening into a container (3) associated with a drain solenoid valve (4) normally closed and with a capacitive probe (5) serving to detect the water level in said container, the rain gauge being characterized by a second normally open solenoid valve (6) mounted on the end piece (2) of the funnel, the drain solenoid valve (4) and the second solenoid valve (6 ) being, both, enslaved and operating alternately. 2. Pluviomètre selon la revendication 1 caractérisé en ce que la sonde capacitive (5) est installée dans le récipient (3). 2. Rain gauge according to claim 1 characterized in that the capacitive probe (5) is installed in the container (3). 3. Pluviomètre selon la revendication 1 caractérisé en ce que la sonde capacitive (5) est constituée des deux tubes coaxiaux isolants solidaires, un tube extérieur (10) et un tube intérieur (12), le tube extérieur (10) étant entouré par un tube conducteur (11) et le tube intérieur (12) renferme une baguette conductrice (13).  3. Rain gauge according to claim 1 characterized in that the capacitive probe (5) consists of two coaxial insulating tubes integral, an outer tube (10) and an inner tube (12), the outer tube (10) being surrounded by a conductive tube (11) and the inner tube (12) contains a conductive rod (13).
FR9106913A 1991-06-06 1991-06-06 Capacitive rain gauge Withdrawn FR2677459A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9106913A FR2677459A1 (en) 1991-06-06 1991-06-06 Capacitive rain gauge

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9106913A FR2677459A1 (en) 1991-06-06 1991-06-06 Capacitive rain gauge

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
FR2677459A1 true FR2677459A1 (en) 1992-12-11

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
FR9106913A Withdrawn FR2677459A1 (en) 1991-06-06 1991-06-06 Capacitive rain gauge

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FR (1) FR2677459A1 (en)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2713784A1 (en) * 1993-12-13 1995-06-16 Haug Michel Rain gauge for measuring quantity of rainfall within given rainy period
FR2770306A1 (en) * 1997-10-23 1999-04-30 Meteo France Precipitation meter, for rain, snow, hail.
EP1620347A2 (en) * 2003-02-24 2006-02-01 Millipore Corporation Fluid dispensing apparatus having means for measuring fluid volume continuously
CN100432704C (en) * 2004-10-27 2008-11-12 上海大学 Multi-parameter detecting method and apparatus for liquid drop
CN103472505A (en) * 2013-08-28 2013-12-25 南京信息工程大学 Pluviometer capable of distinguishing solid and liquid precipitated water and detecting method thereof
CN112014908A (en) * 2020-08-03 2020-12-01 西北师范大学 Wind-resistant capacitance type snowfall measuring method

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2720602A1 (en) * 1977-05-07 1978-11-09 Ludwig Dipl Ing Schmitz Electric measuring device for rainfall - with level of collected water being measured by foil on insulating tube, forming capacitor
FR2514498A1 (en) * 1981-10-12 1983-04-15 Jagenberg Werke Ag DEVICE FOR DELIVERING VERY SMALL QUANTITIES OF A LIQUID
JPS58165077A (en) * 1982-03-24 1983-09-30 Kazuo Amaya Rain gauge

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2720602A1 (en) * 1977-05-07 1978-11-09 Ludwig Dipl Ing Schmitz Electric measuring device for rainfall - with level of collected water being measured by foil on insulating tube, forming capacitor
FR2514498A1 (en) * 1981-10-12 1983-04-15 Jagenberg Werke Ag DEVICE FOR DELIVERING VERY SMALL QUANTITIES OF A LIQUID
JPS58165077A (en) * 1982-03-24 1983-09-30 Kazuo Amaya Rain gauge

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 8, no. 1 (P-246)(1438) 6 Janvier 1984 & JP-A-58 165 077 ( KAZUO AMAYA ) 30 Septembre 1983 *

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2713784A1 (en) * 1993-12-13 1995-06-16 Haug Michel Rain gauge for measuring quantity of rainfall within given rainy period
FR2770306A1 (en) * 1997-10-23 1999-04-30 Meteo France Precipitation meter, for rain, snow, hail.
EP1620347A2 (en) * 2003-02-24 2006-02-01 Millipore Corporation Fluid dispensing apparatus having means for measuring fluid volume continuously
EP1620347A4 (en) * 2003-02-24 2007-08-29 Millipore Corp Fluid dispensing apparatus having means for measuring fluid volume continuously
CN100432704C (en) * 2004-10-27 2008-11-12 上海大学 Multi-parameter detecting method and apparatus for liquid drop
CN103472505A (en) * 2013-08-28 2013-12-25 南京信息工程大学 Pluviometer capable of distinguishing solid and liquid precipitated water and detecting method thereof
CN103472505B (en) * 2013-08-28 2015-12-02 南京信息工程大学 A kind ofly distinguish solid-state and udometric detection method that is liquid precipitation
CN112014908A (en) * 2020-08-03 2020-12-01 西北师范大学 Wind-resistant capacitance type snowfall measuring method

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